A time-sharing control low-power consumption acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of data acquisition technology, and particularly to a time-division controlled low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering. The time-division controlled low-power acquisition system includes a main control unit, multiple functional units, a signal acquisition unit, a power supply, and a power management unit. The main control unit is configured to: when the system is in standby mode, control the power management unit to provide power only to the vibration sensor and the ADC acquisition circuit; when the vibration signal acquired by the vibration sensor exceeds a first threshold, control the power management unit to provide power to the acoustic sensor; if the acoustic signal acquired by the acoustic sensor exceeds a second threshold, control the power management unit to provide power to several of the functional units. This invention uses ambient sound and vibration signals as wake-up sources, employing a cascaded wake-up strategy of vibration triggering followed by sound recognition, effectively avoiding the continuous high power consumption caused by high sampling rate sound acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data acquisition technology, and in particular to a time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned monitoring equipment in the field typically relies on lithium batteries for power and needs to operate continuously for dozens of days, making power consumption a key limiting factor. Existing low-power solutions mostly employ a timed sleep / wake-up mechanism, where the system enters a working state at fixed intervals to complete data collection and uploading. With this approach, the sleep duration is fixed; if the cycle is too short, power consumption remains high; if the cycle is too long, it is easy to miss sudden events, making it difficult to strike a balance between response speed and energy consumption. Furthermore, numerous wake-up operations result in unnecessary power consumption when no events occur.

[0003] In terms of system architecture, traditional devices often use a single processor to complete all tasks of data acquisition, processing, and communication. It is difficult to reduce power consumption significantly during standby, and bottlenecks are likely to occur when processing high-speed data from multiple channels. At the same time, the sensor configuration of existing devices is usually relatively fixed, with a limited number of channels, making it difficult to flexibly expand to accommodate multiple types of sensors such as sound and vibration, and thus unable to meet the collaborative acquisition needs in complex monitoring scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering, which solves the problems mentioned in the background by utilizing time allocation and power management strategies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic and vibration signal triggering, which includes a main control unit, multiple functional units, a signal acquisition unit, a power supply, and a power management unit. The signal acquisition unit includes an acoustic sensor for acquiring sound signals from the environment, a vibration sensor for acquiring vibration signals, and an ADC acquisition circuit. The power management unit is used to manage the power supply. The main control unit is configured as follows: The ADC acquisition circuit acquires the sound signal collected by the sound sensor and the vibration signal collected by the vibration sensor. When the system is in standby mode, the power management unit is controlled to provide power only to the vibration sensor and the ADC acquisition circuit. When the vibration signal exceeds the first threshold, the power management unit is controlled to provide power to the sound sensor; If the sound signal exceeds the second threshold, the power management unit is controlled to provide power to the functional units.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above-described solution of the present invention, the main control unit includes interconnected FPGA chips and ARM chips.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above-described solution of the present invention, the power management unit includes a protection circuit, a DC / DC first-stage buck circuit, a DC / DC second-stage buck circuit, and multiple MOS switch circuits, with the control terminals of each MOS switch circuit connected to the FPGA chip. The protection circuit provides overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the 24V output voltage of the power supply. The DC / DC first-stage buck circuit performs a first-stage buck reduction on the 24V output voltage of the power supply to power the operational amplifier in the signal acquisition unit and some of the functional units. The DC / DC second-stage buck circuit performs a second-stage buck reduction on the 24V output voltage of the power supply to power the main control unit and some of the functional units. The multiple MOS switch circuits are connected in series in the power supply lines of multiple functional units, and the control terminals of the multiple MOS switch circuits are all connected to the main control unit.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above-described solution of the present invention, the signal acquisition unit further includes an ADC acquisition circuit connected to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip acquires the vibration signal detected by the vibration sensor and the sound signal detected by the sound sensor through the ADC acquisition circuit.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above-described solution of the present invention, the plurality of functional units are respectively an Ethernet transmission module, a navigation and positioning module, a motor drive module, a solenoid valve control module, a network communication module, a RS-485 communication module, and a CAN communication module. The functional units can be expanded as needed.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above-mentioned solution of the present invention, the navigation and positioning module is a GNSS positioning module, the motor drive module is an H-bridge drive module or a relay drive module, and the networking communication module is a LoRa wireless communication module or a ZigBee wireless communication module.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above-mentioned solution of the present invention, the time-division control low-power acquisition system further includes a storage unit for loading and recording data information, and the storage unit is signal-connected to the main control unit.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above-described solution of the present invention, the storage unit includes a Flash memory, a DDR memory, and an SD card memory. The Flash memory is NOR Flash or NAND Flash; the DDR memory is DDR3 or LPDDR3 memory; and the SD card memory supports hot-swapping.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention uses ambient sound and vibration signals as wake-up sources, employing a cascaded wake-up strategy of vibration triggering followed by sound recognition. Most of the time, it only processes low-rate vibration data, activating high-precision sound analysis only when a vibration event occurs, effectively avoiding the continuous high power consumption caused by high-sampling-rate sound acquisition. Based on the signal acquired by the ADC, it determines whether abnormal sound or vibration has occurred. If it exceeds a preset threshold, it controls the corresponding MOS switch circuit to connect the power supply to the relevant functional unit, putting it into working state, achieving event-driven intelligent time-sharing control. The relevant data is stored in the storage unit. If there is no abnormality, the power supply to each functional unit remains disconnected to reduce power consumption, balancing low power consumption and fast response. It is suitable for multi-sensor fusion monitoring scenarios in unattended outdoor environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The present invention provides an overall architecture block diagram of a time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of a MOS switching circuit in a time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention provides a flowchart of a time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description will be given below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering provided in this embodiment includes a main control unit, a power management unit, a signal acquisition unit, a functional unit, and a storage unit.

[0018] The main control unit includes an FPGA chip, an ARM core chip, and a clock module. The FPGA chip and the ARM core chip are interconnected via an FSMC or SPI bus. The FPGA chip performs parallel acquisition and logic control of multi-channel signals; the ARM core chip loads the designed identification and control algorithms, performs task scheduling and communication protocol processing, and transmits the sampled data to the ARM core chip for processing via the bus. The clock module includes a 50MHz crystal oscillator and a 33.33333MHz crystal oscillator, which provide reference clocks for the FPGA chip and the ARM core chip, respectively. The main control unit is equipped with a watchdog circuit and a real-time clock, which periodically self-test and record the operating status. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the main control unit can directly use a Zynq chip instead of the FPGA chip + ARM core chip architecture.

[0019] The power management unit provides overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the 24V power input from the lithium battery. After a first-stage DC / DC step-down, it powers the operational amplifiers and external functional units. A second-stage DC / DC step-down further converts the voltage to common voltages such as 3.3V and 5V to power the ADC acquisition module, FPGA chip, and ARM core chip. Figure 2 As shown, the MOS switching circuit consists of an NMOS transistor Q1, a PMOS transistor Q2, and pull-up resistors (R3, R4, R5). The gate of the NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the control signal I / O of the FPGA chip through resistor R1, the drain is connected to the gate of the PMOS transistor Q2, and the source is grounded. The source of the PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power input terminal VCC, and the drain is connected to the power supply terminal of the functional unit through resistor R6. The pull-up resistors (R3, R4, R5) are connected between the source and gate of the PMOS transistor Q2.

[0020] The signal acquisition unit includes a sound sensor, a vibration sensor, a BNC interface, a constant current source excitation circuit, an AC coupling circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, and an ADC acquisition circuit. The sound and vibration sensors continuously send environmental signals to the ADC acquisition module. The constant current source excitation circuit triggers the sound and vibration sensors. The sensor signals are transmitted through the system's BNC interface. The AC coupling circuit removes the DC component of the signal, and the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters noise to meet the acquisition range of the downstream ADC acquisition module. The ADC acquisition module is connected to the IO pins of the FPGA chip, which performs real-time sampling and buffering of the sound and vibration signals. The ADC acquisition module uses a 24-bit resolution analog-to-digital converter with a maximum sampling rate of at least 100kSPS.

[0021] The system comprises multiple functional units, including an Ethernet transmission module, a navigation and positioning module, a motor drive module, a solenoid valve control module, a communication networking module, a RS485 communication module, and a CAN communication module, which can be expanded as needed. The navigation and positioning module is a GNSS positioning module, the motor drive module is an H-bridge drive module or a relay drive module, and the networking communication module is a LoRa or ZigBee wireless module. Each module interacts with the host computer to display data and send / receive commands. The power supply to each functional unit is controlled by one of the aforementioned MOS switching circuits; the main control unit determines whether to connect the power supply to the corresponding functional unit based on the judgment result.

[0022] The storage unit includes Flash memory, DDR memory, and SD card memory. The Flash memory is connected to the ARM core chip and is used to store system programs and key parameters; the DDR memory is connected to the ARM core chip and is used for data caching during system operation; the SD card memory is connected to the ARM core chip through the SDIO interface and is used for recording and exporting large amounts of local data.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the power supply to each functional unit is controlled by a MOS switching circuit. When the FPGA chip's IO port SIGNAL outputs a high level, V... GS When the value is >0, NMOS transistor Q1 is turned on, pulling the gate of PMOS transistor Q2 low, causing PMOS transistor Q2 to turn on. The voltage VCC is output as VCC_OUT via R6 to power the corresponding functional unit. When SIGNAL outputs a low level, NMOS transistor Q1 is turned off, and the pull-up resistor pulls the gate of PMOS transistor Q2 high, causing PMOS transistor Q2 to turn off, and the corresponding functional unit is powered off. In the power-off state, the functional unit consumes no power at all.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, after the system is powered on, the main control unit loads the program from Flash, and DDR initialization is completed. In the default state, only the vibration sensor, ADC acquisition module, FPGA chip, and ARM core chip are powered on; the sound sensor and other functional units are powered off. The ADC acquisition module intermittently samples the vibration signal acquired by the vibration sensor with a low duty cycle, and the ARM core chip calculates the peak vibration acceleration in real time based on the vibration signal data.

[0025] When the peak vibration acceleration exceeds a first threshold (preset to be a value between 50mg and 200mg, such as 100mg), the ARM core chip determines that a suspected vibration event has occurred and immediately controls the MOS switch circuit to connect the power supply to the sound sensor. The FPGA chip controls the ADC acquisition module to continuously and accurately sample the sound signal, and the ARM core chip extracts the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) from the acquired sound data and calculates the short-time energy of the sound. (1) If the short-term energy of the sound exceeds the second threshold (preset to be a value between -25dBFS and -15dBFS, such as -20dBFS), and the MFCC feature matches the pre-stored event template, the ARM core chip determines it as a valid event. At this time, the FPGA chip sequentially connects the power supply of the relevant functional units according to the event type: for example, when positioning is required, the power supply of the navigation positioning module is connected to obtain the location; when remote reporting is required, the power supply of the Ethernet transmission module or the networking communication module is connected; and when an action is required, the power supply of the motor drive module is connected. The data during the acquisition and recognition process is temporarily stored in the DDR memory, and important data is written to the SD card memory or Flash memory for long-term storage. After the task is completed, the FPGA chip sequentially cuts off the power supply of each functional unit, and the system re-enters a low-power standby state that only monitors vibration.

[0026] (2) If the sound signal does not exceed the second threshold, it is determined to be an invalid trigger. The FPGA chip cuts off the power supply to the sound sensor, and the system returns to the vibration monitoring state.

[0027] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0028] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering, characterized in that, It includes a main control unit, multiple functional units, a signal acquisition unit, a power supply, and a power management unit. The signal acquisition unit includes a sound sensor for acquiring sound signals from the environment, a vibration sensor for acquiring vibration signals, and an ADC acquisition circuit. The power management unit is used to manage the power supply. The main control unit is configured as follows: The ADC acquisition circuit acquires the sound signal collected by the sound sensor and the vibration signal collected by the vibration sensor. When the system is in standby mode, the power management unit is controlled to provide power only to the vibration sensor and the ADC acquisition circuit. When the vibration signal exceeds the first threshold, the power management unit is controlled to provide power to the sound sensor; If the sound signal exceeds the second threshold, the power management unit is controlled to provide power to the functional units.

2. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit includes interconnected FPGA chips and ARM chips.

3. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management unit includes a protection circuit, a first-stage DC / DC step-down circuit, a second-stage DC / DC step-down circuit, and a multi-channel MOS switch circuit. The control terminals of each MOS switch circuit are connected to the FPGA chip. The protection circuit provides overvoltage and overcurrent protection for the 24V output voltage. The first-stage DC / DC step-down circuit steps down the 24V output voltage to power the operational amplifier in the signal acquisition unit and some of the functional units. The second-stage DC / DC step-down circuit steps down the 24V output voltage to power the main control unit and some of the functional units. The multiple MOS switch circuits are connected in series in the power supply lines of the multiple functional units, and the control terminals of the multiple MOS switch circuits are all connected to the main control unit.

4. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal acquisition unit also includes an ADC acquisition circuit connected to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip acquires vibration signals detected by the vibration sensor and sound signals detected by the sound sensor through the ADC acquisition circuit.

5. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple functional units are an Ethernet transmission module, a navigation and positioning module, a motor drive module, a solenoid valve control module, a networking communication module, a 485 communication module, and a CAN communication module.

6. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 5, characterized in that, The navigation and positioning module is a GNSS positioning module, the motor drive module is an H-bridge drive module or a relay drive module, and the network communication module is a LoRa wireless communication module or a ZigBee wireless communication module.

7. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-division control low-power acquisition system also includes a storage unit for loading and recording data information, and the storage unit is signal-connected to the main control unit.

8. The time-division control low-power acquisition system based on acoustic vibration signal triggering according to claim 7, characterized in that, The storage unit includes Flash memory, DDR memory, and SD card memory.

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