A partition design method of an integrated short track speed skating suit

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of sports equipment and clothing design, and particularly relates to a partition design method of an integrated short track speed skating competition suit, which comprises the following steps: partitioning each region of the integrated short track speed skating competition suit according to single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure based on modeling and simulation of unsteady computational fluid dynamics to identify the aerodynamic force characteristic distribution of the athlete in the sliding process; and selecting a sewing scheme to realize the sewing between the two layers of the double-layer composite structure and between the single-layer structure and the double-layer composite structure based on modeling and simulation of unsteady computational fluid dynamics to identify the aerodynamic force characteristic distribution of the athlete in the sliding process. The present application solves the problems of poor high-speed drag reduction, poor dynamic adaptability to different parts of the human body in sliding, insufficient cut resistance and poor durability of the competition suit, realizes the personalization parameter optimization and regional structure matching in the design of the competition suit, significantly improves the design accuracy and development efficiency, and realizes a substantial reduction in the overall drag coefficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sports equipment and clothing design technology, and in particular to a method for partitioned design of an integrated short track speed skating competition uniform. Background Technology

[0002] Short track speed skating venues are typically standard 111.12-meter ice tracks. Skates must complete multiple sprints around corners in a very short time, maintaining a stable body posture at high inclines of 25° to 40°. During the sport, skaters' knees, ankles, and torsos are subjected to significant centrifugal forces, while the cutting action of the blades on the ice and occasional collisions pose potential risks of injury to their skin and bones. To improve skating efficiency and provide effective protection, increasingly stringent requirements have been placed on the aerodynamic properties and cut resistance of racing suits internationally.

[0003] Existing technologies include single-layer high-strength fiber fabrics and double-layer composite structures, but both have the following insurmountable drawbacks: Single-layer high-strength fiber fabrics are widely used in scenarios with high protection requirements. They are woven from high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) or aramid fibers and have excellent shear resistance and abrasion resistance. However, due to the high micro-roughness of the fiber surface, the frictional resistance increases significantly when gliding at high speeds above 15 m / s, resulting in increased energy consumption for athletes and limited performance.

[0004] Dual-layer composite structures attempt to combine the advantages of both by hot-pressing an inner layer of cut-resistant fabric with an outer layer of smooth fabric. However, uneven adhesion or microcracks are prone to occur at the interlayer interface, and delamination or edge curling can easily occur after repeated stretching and bending, significantly affecting overall durability (e.g., in motion areas such as arms and legs). To delay the separation of the boundary layer of the dual-layer composite structure in motion areas, existing technologies incorporate recessed or grooved microstructures in the arms and legs. However, these often use a single size and angle configuration, ignoring the complex changes in gliding posture and flow field distribution in different parts of the body, and thus failing to achieve effective local adaptive drag reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a partition design method for an integrated short track speed skating racing suit, which solves at least one of the problems existing in the design of short track speed skating racing suits, such as poor high-speed drag reduction, poor dynamic adaptability to different parts of the human body in skating posture, insufficient cut resistance, and poor durability.

[0006] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for partitioning a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit, comprising: S1: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation identification of the aerodynamic characteristics distribution of athletes during skating, the integrated short track speed skating competition uniform is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure partitions for each area; S2: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during gliding are identified, and a stitching scheme is selected to achieve stitching between the two layers of a double-layer composite structure and between single-layer and double-layer composite structures.

[0007] Preferably, step S1 includes: S101: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics distribution of athletes during gliding are identified, the setting area of ​​the double-layer composite structure is determined, and the double-layer composite structure is functionally guided to be partitioned. S102: Based on the functional zoning results of the double-layer composite structure, the competition uniform is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure zoning.

[0008] Preferably, step S101 includes: S1011: Based on the posture angles of various parts of the human body during movement, obtain the range of changes in the streamlined curve angles formed by various parts of the human body, and then determine the core drag reduction mechanism; S1012: Select typical aerodynamic interfaces of the body posture during different stages of movement and perform 3D scanning to construct a solid model of the athlete; S1013: Based on the athlete's physical model, conduct air resistance characteristic analysis of the athlete using unsteady computational fluid dynamics; S1014: Based on the analysis results of the aerodynamic drag characteristics of athletes, functional-oriented zoning is carried out on the double-layer composite structure.

[0009] Preferably, step S1014, which involves functionally oriented zoning of the double-layer composite structure, includes: Main functional area facing the wind: The main functional area facing the wind extends from the upper edge of the clavicle along the front edge of the shoulder, covering the anterior surface of the pectoralis major muscle, continuing to the middle of the abdomen, then down through the front of the groin to cover the quadriceps femoris muscle, and as low as between the circumference of the thigh root and the knee circumference, close to 1 / 4 to 2 / 3 of the circumference of the thigh root, forming a continuous whole sheet from the clavicle to the middle of the thigh. Shoulder-arm transition zone: The shoulder-arm transition zone extends from the outer edge of the clavicle down the acromion to the outer side of the deltoid muscle, and continues to cover the outer side of the humerus to the posterior edge of the elbow joint and the windward area of ​​the forearm. It includes part of the shoulder in the windward area, as well as the shear layer transition zone on both sides of the arm in CFD analysis, covering at least the anterior 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 of the arm. Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone: The thigh-knee-ankle transition zone covers the outer edge of the vastus lateralis muscle, extends to the outer edge of the knee joint, and continues to cover part of the lateral aspect of the popliteal fossa region; Low-pressure areas in the back and hips: The low-pressure area of ​​the back and buttocks covers the back and buttocks area from the shoulder line, including the latissimus dorsi muscles on both sides below the level of the seventh cervical vertebra, extending down the spine to the lumbar region and the upper edge of the gluteus maximus, and laterally to the outer edge of the biceps femoris.

[0010] Preferably, the outer fabric of the shoulder-arm transition area and the thigh-knee-ankle transition area is provided with a micro-dimpled turbulence structure; The micro-pits are 2mm to 6mm in diameter, 0.2mm to 1mm in depth, and spaced 5mm to 15mm apart, with their direction aligned with the main airflow direction.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, different sections of fabric are combined using a sewing process to produce a one-piece short track speed skating competition uniform.

[0012] Preferably, step S2 includes: The seam direction of the outer layer of the double-layer composite structure must follow the local airflow direction to reduce disturbance in the seam area; In the double-layer composite structure, the inner and outer layers, as well as the functional sheets of the single-layer structure, are heat-set before being sewn together.

[0013] Preferably, the suture in step S2 includes a main suture, an outer functional suture, and an inner functional suture. The main seam serves as the skeleton seam of the entire garment, and is simultaneously stitched with three needles and five threads along the boundaries of each section within the double-layer composite structure and the boundaries of each section within the single-layer structure. The outer functional suture is used at the junction of the double-layer composite structure and the single-layer structure. The connection between the inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure and between the sheets of the single-layer structure adopts a zigzag stitching structure. The inner functional suture is used to connect the sheets in the inner layer and the single layer of the double-layer composite structure, and is made of three needles and five threads.

[0014] Preferably, step S2 includes: Main functional area facing the wind: The main functional area facing the wind is sealed with a three-needle, five-thread overlock stitch through the main seam, which integrates the polyurethane coating with the inner anti-cut compression sheet to ensure structural stability. Shoulder-arm transition zone: The shoulder-arm transition area uses a micro-dimpled array, especially in the area between the shoulder and the front edge of the upper arm, to disturb the airflow and delay flow separation; in the area directly above the shoulder line, the outer functional sutures are arranged in a zigzag pattern at the shoulder line to form a micro-turbulent boundary layer. Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone: The double-layer composite structure in the thigh-knee-ankle transition zone is fixed by the main suture and the outer functional suture; Low-pressure areas in the back and hips: The inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure in the low-pressure area of ​​the back and buttocks are fixed by the main suture, achieving large-area integrated fixation.

[0015] A one-piece short track speed skating competition suit was obtained using the aforementioned partition design method.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention uses a visual and data-driven computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to achieve personalized parameter optimization and regional structure matching in the design and manufacturing process of high-performance racing clothing. It realizes the single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure partitioning of each region of the racing clothing, which significantly improves the design accuracy and development efficiency. Compared with traditional single-layer structure racing clothing, it achieves a significant reduction in the overall drag coefficient. The overall drag coefficient is 0.72 to 0.78 in the speed range of 7 to 19 m / s, which is 8% to 10% lower than existing products, overcoming the defect of high drag in existing racing clothing.

[0017] (2) The present invention has a segmented gradient compression area in a single-layer structure: a high compression area is set in the lower limb ice-pushing muscle group area to provide strong muscle support and reduce soft tissue vibration; a low compression area is set in the joint flexion and extension and stability area to ensure joint flexibility and support; a medium compression area is set in the trunk core stability area to take into account core support and comfort, ensure continuous distribution of compression force and smooth transition between layers, and apply differentiated compression force according to the biomechanical needs of different parts of the human body to provide basic protection, stabilize muscles, promote blood circulation and reduce muscle vibration energy loss.

[0018] (3) According to the pressure and flow velocity characteristics of different zones A1-A4, the present invention uses fabrics with different materials and surface textures, which greatly reduces the overall drag coefficient. The overall drag coefficient is 0.72 to 0.78 in the speed range of 7~19m / s, which is 8% to 10% lower than that of existing products, thus overcoming the defect of high drag in competition clothing in the existing technology.

[0019] (4) The present invention employs a seam-based flow-disruption structure in the shoulder-arm transition area, that is, by using the outer functional seams to form a zigzag stitch arrangement at the shoulder line, a micro-flow-disruption boundary layer is formed, avoiding the problem of local non-compliance of large-format textured fabrics with the shoulder structure. This area is fixed to the inner layer area I3 by the main seam and the outer functional seams, realizing the synergy of aerodynamic flow and muscle support.

[0020] (5) By dividing the single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure into functional zones, the present invention achieves comprehensive optimization of the protective performance, dynamic compression performance and aerodynamic performance of the local area, and solves the problems of poor high-speed drag reduction and poor dynamic adaptability to different parts of the human body in skating posture in the design of existing short track speed skating competition suits. Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained from the embodiments described and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the single-layer structure partitioning of the competition uniform in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of the double-layer composite structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The results of the overall drag coefficient Cd are for the examples and comparative examples.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall effect of the suturing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the suturing effect in a single-layer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure Labels 001 - Main suture; 002 - Outer functional suture; 003 - Inner functional suture. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] On one hand, this invention discloses a partition design method for an integrated short track speed skating competition suit, comprising: S1: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during skating are identified, and the various areas of the one-piece short track speed skating uniform are divided into single-layer and double-layer composite structures. S2: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during gliding are identified, and a stitching scheme is selected to achieve stitching between the two layers of a double-layer composite structure and between single-layer and double-layer composite structures.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, this invention uses a visual and data-driven computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to achieve personalized parameter optimization and regional structure matching in the design and manufacturing process of high-performance racing apparel. It realizes single-layer and double-layer composite structure partitioning of each region of the racing suit, significantly improving design accuracy and development efficiency. Compared with traditional single-layer structure racing suits, it achieves a significant reduction in overall drag coefficient, with an overall drag coefficient of 0.72 to 0.78 in the speed range of 7 to 19 m / s, a reduction of 8% to 10% compared with existing products, overcoming the defect of high drag in existing racing suits.

[0030] Specifically, step S1 includes: S101: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, identify the aerodynamic characteristics distribution of athletes during gliding, determine the screening area for setting up the double-layer composite structure, and perform functional-oriented zoning of the double-layer composite structure; S102: Based on the functional zoning results of the double-layer composite structure, the competition uniform is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure zoning.

[0031] During implementation, the areas requiring human intervention within the functional zoning of the double-layer composite structure will be designated as double-layer composite structure areas, while the rest will be designated as single-layer structure areas.

[0032] Specifically, step S101 includes: S1011: Based on the posture angles of various parts of the human body during movement, obtain the range of changes in the streamlined curve angles formed by various parts of the human body, and then determine the core drag reduction mechanism; S1012: Select typical aerodynamic interfaces of the body posture during different stages of movement and perform 3D scanning to construct a solid model of the athlete; S1013: Based on the athlete's physical model, use CFD methods to analyze the athlete's air resistance characteristics; S1014: Based on the analysis results of the aerodynamic drag characteristics of athletes, functional-oriented zoning is carried out on the double-layer composite structure.

[0033] Specifically, the posture angles of various parts of the human body in step S1011 include the head pitch angle, arm-torso angle, torso-thigh angle, knee flexion angle, ankle angle, and body tilt angle during bending in the upper body. The streamline curve angles of each part under different postures are related to external drag. Among them, the head pitch angle and ankle angle are not related to the research content of the competition uniform of this invention. The streamline curve angles of the other parts can be obtained based on the experience of professional athletes. The applicant further determines the core drag reduction mechanism based on the streamline curve angles of each part, as shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Short Track Speed ​​Skating Streamline Drag Reduction Attitude Parameters

[0034] Specifically, in step S1012, the body posture of typical aerodynamic interfaces during different motion stages is selected for 3D scanning, such as rapid acceleration, deceleration during cornering, and constant speed gliding on a straight track. The scanned point cloud data can then be reverse engineered using Geomagic Wrap. First, in the polygon point cloud data stage, the grid of the scanned point cloud data is re-divided to adjust the regularity of the grid. Furthermore, the point cloud data is smoothed and redundant features are removed according to the target requirements. In addition, manifold processing is performed to remove spikes and fill in small holes. Furthermore, surface fitting is performed, and contour lines are used for manual division. The parts with large curvature are recalibrated to facilitate gridding. After the contour lines are divided, surface patches are constructed, the regularity of the surface patch distribution is automatically calculated, and grids are constructed on this basis to complete surface fitting and realize the physical model of the short track speed skater.

[0035] Specifically, step S1013 can be implemented in the following way: Based on personalized athlete physical models, CFD methods are used to analyze the air resistance characteristics of athletes, which can reveal the frontal area, resistance distribution and proportion of athletes' clothing. Through visualization and data-driven computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, personalized parameter optimization and regional structure matching are realized in the design and manufacturing process of high-performance racing clothing.

[0036] Compared with existing technologies, this invention uses a visual and data-driven computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to achieve personalized parameter optimization and regional structure matching in the design and fabrication process of high-performance racing apparel, significantly improving design accuracy and development efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, step S1013 includes: S10131. Construct the model coordinate system: Speed ​​athletes glide at high speeds on ice and snow by pushing off the ice or by gravity. The relative speed to the incoming airflow is determined by the gliding speed. The direction of airflow relative to the athlete in the incoming airflow is defined as the positive X direction, the vertical upward direction on the ice or snow surface is defined as the positive Z direction, and the left side of the athlete is defined as the positive Y direction. S10132, Governing Equations and Turbulence Treatment: Based on the athlete's physical model, a governing equation is established to describe the motion of the surrounding fluid. A turbulence model is introduced to form a closed set of equations. Boundary conditions and computational domain are input to estimate the influence of small-scale fluctuations on large-scale flow and solve for the average flow velocity and pressure around the athlete.

[0038] Specifically, the governing equation in step S10132 satisfies: Continuity equation: ; Momentum conservation equation: ; Where x represents the coordinate axis variable of the Cartesian coordinate system, i represents the direction of the velocity component under study, and j represents the direction of the spatial derivative. i The coordinate axis variables representing the direction of the velocity components under study; x j The coordinate axis variables representing the direction of the spatial derivative are: t is time, p is fluid pressure, ρ is fluid density, and B is the fluid density. i u represents the volume force in the direction of the velocity component under study. i u represents the time-averaged velocity in the direction of the velocity component. j This represents the average velocity in the direction of the spatial derivative. Indicates the pulsating velocity component. v represents the pulsating velocity in the direction of the spatial derivative. t The velocity component is perpendicular to the local normal.

[0039] Specifically, in step S10132, the turbulence model can be selected as the k-ω turbulence model, satisfying: ; ; In the formula, , , , , , .

[0040] Where x represents the coordinate axis variable in the Cartesian coordinate system, k is the turbulent kinetic energy, t is time, ω is the specific kinetic energy dissipation rate, ε is the turbulent energy dissipation rate, and β is the turbulent energy dissipation rate. σ is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation coefficient. ρ is the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion coefficient, a is the specific dissipation rate production term coefficient, β is the specific dissipation rate attenuation coefficient, σ is the specific dissipation rate diffusion coefficient, ρ is the fluid density, and μ represents the fluid kinematic viscosity coefficient. t This represents the change of μ over time. i Indicates the viscosity coefficient in the direction of the velocity component. S is the Reynolds stress tensor; k For additional turbulent kinetic energy; S w This is for additional specific kinetic energy dissipation.

[0041] S10133, Boundary Conditions and Computational Domain: Numerical simulation sets the initial flow field parameters and boundary conditions, including flow inlet, flow outlet, pressure inlet, pressure outlet, wall boundary, symmetry boundary and periodic boundary. The Dirichlet condition is used to directly specify the values of physical quantities at the boundaries to ensure accurate flow field calculation.

[0042] S10134. Numerical solution: Due to the complex shape of the athlete and the presence of flow separation, an algebraic solution method combining continuous physical quantities and finite discrete points is adopted. Fluent is used to solve the governing equations of the turbulent flow field around the athlete based on the RANS method, a finite volume grid is adopted to discretize the continuous function into nodal function values, and the unknown nodal quantities are solved by numerical methods.

[0043] S10135. Meshing: To ensure calculation accuracy, three grid refinement regions are established in the calculation domain to realize the "global-transition-local" layered refinement. The grid of the calculation domain adopts a hybrid division method, in which unstructured tetrahedral grids are used around the athlete, and the maximum grid size is set in the global range.

[0044] S10136. Numerical simulation and aerodynamic drag analysis: Based on the solid model of a short track speed skater, numerical simulations are carried out within the movement speed range of 8-16 m / s, with the Reynolds number in the range of 303957<Re<607913, and the drag coefficient of the cornering posture at different speeds is 0.559<CD<0.648. In the composition of total aerodynamic drag, the pressure drag accounts for 95.56%~96.43%, and the frictional drag accounts for 3.57%~4.44%. It can be seen that the main source of aerodynamic drag for short track speed skaters is pressure drag. However, as the movement speed increases, when U=16 m / s, the absolute value of the total aerodynamic drag of the athlete reaches 27.05 N, and the frictional drag is 1.18 N.

[0045] The aerodynamic drag coefficient borne on the athlete's body surface varies slightly at different movement speeds, but the drag coefficient of the right leg remains the largest, the drag benefit of the outstretched left arm of the athlete is greater than that of the right arm, and the drag benefit of the gliding and extended lower limb is greater than that of the leg during bending and ice kicking; integrating the influence of Reynolds number on the aerodynamic drag distribution on the athlete's surface and counting the drag proportion results of different body parts, the right leg accounts for 23.12% of the total drag with the maximum drag benefit, followed by the left leg at 20.96%, and the third is the sum of the drag of the upper and lower trunks at 20.51%. For the windward shoulder, both knees and ankle areas, the pressure is only lower than the previous three positions, which are the most critical areas for drag reduction in aerodynamic design. In addition, the calculation of surface fluid velocity reveals that the rear side of the hip is a typical flow separation zone, while the back is a sub-high-speed zone, suggesting that fabric selection and microstructure layout should be combined in these zones to synergistically optimize aerodynamic performance.

[0046] Specifically, based on the aforementioned aerodynamic characteristics, the double-layer composite structure is functionally divided into four functional zones: The main windward functional area starts from the clavicle level, extends downward along the anterior edge of the shoulder, covers the deltoid muscle region of the humerus, reaches the lateral side of the elbow joint, and transitions inward to the midline of the chest; the lower limb area starts from the anterior side of the groin, covers the surface of the quadriceps femoris muscle to the front of the knee joint, and extends downward along the tibial ridge to the anterior edge of the ankle joint; this area is the main windward side during gliding, with the highest flow velocity and large pressure difference.

[0047] Shoulder-arm transition zone: Starting from the outer edge of the shoulder joint, it covers the lateral aspect of the humerus to the posterior edge of the elbow joint, including the lateral aspect of the elbow and the lateral area of ​​the deltoid muscle of the upper arm; Thigh-knee-ankle transition zone: Starting from the outer edge of the quadriceps femoris, covering the vastus lateralis and the outer side of the knee joint, extending to the outer edge of the peroneus longus; shoulder-arm transition zone, thigh-knee-ankle transition zone: This area is located in the boundary layer where the flow velocity transitions from high to low, and the risk of shearing and local dissection is relatively high. Low-pressure area in the back and buttocks: The back extends downwards along both sides of the spine from the level of the seventh cervical vertebra, covering the entire latissimus dorsi region and thoracolumbar fascia to the level of the lumbar spine; the buttocks region starts from the sacrococcygeal region and transitions along the surface of the gluteus maximus to the back of the thigh, until the attachment point of the biceps femoris muscle; the airflow velocity in this area is low and the flow attachment layer is stable, but the risk of separation exists at the posterior edge of the buttocks.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the functional zoning of the double-layer composite structure includes: Main functional area facing the wind (A1): Zone A1 primarily covers an area extending from the upper edge of the clavicle along the anterior edge of the shoulder, covering the anterior surface of the pectoralis major muscle, continuing to the midline of the abdomen, then down along the anterior side of the groin to cover the quadriceps femoris muscle, reaching as low as between the groin and knee circumferences, approximately one-quarter to two-thirds of the way down the groin circumference, forming a continuous sheet of material from the clavicle to the mid-thigh. This zone is mainly used to withstand the impact of oncoming airflow during gliding and is the primary source of pressure drag. Zone A1 uses a polyurethane-coated fabric to reduce frictional resistance, ensure airflow adhesion, and minimize separation.

[0049] Shoulder-arm transition zone (A2): Region A2 extends from the outer edge of the clavicle down along the acromion to the lateral deltoid muscle, and continues to cover the lateral humerus to the posterior edge of the elbow joint and the windward area of ​​the forearm. It includes part of the shoulder in the windward area, as well as the shear layer transition zone on both sides of the arm in CFD analysis, covering at least the anterior 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 of the arm.

[0050] The A2 area uses textured fabric (micro-dimpled array or micro-groove structure), especially in the shoulder and upper arm front area, to disturb airflow and delay flow separation.

[0051] Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone (A3): Zone A3 covers the outer edge of the vastus lateralis muscle, extends to the outer edge of the knee joint, and continues to cover part of the outer side of the popliteal fossa area. It is an important transitional area between the main functional area facing the wind and the low-pressure area.

[0052] This area uses textured fabric (micro-dimpled array) on the front of the thigh to smoothly transition airflow and maintain a dynamic fit of the fabric when the thigh rotates, covering at least the inner and outer lines of the thigh, that is, at least the front 3 / 5 of the thigh.

[0053] Low-pressure area in the back and hips (A4): The A4 area covers the back and buttocks from the shoulder line, including the latissimus dorsi muscles on both sides below the level of the seventh cervical vertebra, extending down the spine to the lumbar region and the upper edge of the gluteus maximus, and laterally to the outer edge of the biceps femoris.

[0054] Compared with existing technologies, this invention uses fabrics with different materials and surface textures according to the pressure and flow velocity characteristics of different zones A1-A4, which significantly reduces the overall drag coefficient. The overall drag coefficient is 0.72 to 0.78 in the speed range of 7 to 19 m / s, which is 8% to 10% lower than existing products, thus overcoming the defect of high drag in competition uniforms in existing technologies.

[0055] At the same time, such as Figure 2 As shown, the A1-A4 area and the inner I1-I3 area form a double-layer composite structure. There is only a single-layer structure on the back of the thigh relative to the back of the A3 area and on the back of the arm relative to the back of the A2 area. This not only meets the aerodynamic requirements but also reduces costs and avoids unnecessary waste. At the same time, it also achieves lightweight clothing and improves the freedom of movement.

[0056] Specifically, the main functional area facing the wind uniformly adopts a fabric coated with a polyurethane layer to enhance fluid adhesion and reduce frictional resistance; The outer fabric of the shoulder-arm transition area and the thigh-knee-ankle transition area is equipped with a micro-dimpled turbulence structure. The micro-dimples are 2mm to 6mm in diameter, 0.2mm to 1mm in depth, and spaced 5mm to 15mm apart. Their direction is in line with the main airflow direction to delay flow separation. The back and hip low-pressure areas use polyurethane coated fabric with a shrinkage rate of 15% to 20% to ensure the fit and comfort of the garment.

[0057] Specifically, the weight of the double-layer composite fabric is controlled at 180 g / m² ~ 240 g / m², and the thickness is 0.25 mm ~ 0.35 mm.

[0058] Specifically, to facilitate subsequent molding and processing, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, areas A1, A2, A3, and A4 are further subdivided: Area A1 includes A1-1-R and A1-1-L, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and A1-2-R and A1-2-L, which are also arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0059] A1-1-R covers the right side of the chest and abdomen to the right posterior side of the body. Its upper edge extends to the line connecting the clavicle and the anterior axillary point. Its lower edge is located between the waist and abdominal circumference, near the 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 point of the waist circumference. It extends backward to the extension line of the posterior axillary line and forward to the anterior midline. A1-2-R covers the right lower abdomen, right iliopsoas muscle, and right buttock. Its uppermost edge connects with the lower edge of A1-1-R and A4, and its lowermost edge connects with the upper edge of A3-R.

[0060] A1-1-L covers the left side of the chest and abdomen to the left posterior side of the body. Its upper edge extends to the line connecting the clavicle and the anterior axillary point. Its lower edge is located between the waist and abdominal circumference, close to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the waist circumference. It extends backward to the extension line of the posterior axillary line and forward to the anterior midline. A1-2-L covers the left lower abdomen, left iliopsoas muscle, and left buttock. Its uppermost edge connects with the lower edges of A1-1-L and A4, and its lowermost edge connects with the upper edge of A3-L.

[0061] A2 sheet includes A2-R and A2-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides.

[0062] A2-R covers the right front of the shoulder and the front of the right arm. Its lowest edge connects with the upper edge of A1-1-R, and its highest edge extends to the shoulder line, forward to the anterior midline, and backward to the outer side of the arm.

[0063] A2-L covers the front of the left shoulder and the front of the left arm. Its lowest edge connects with the upper edge of A1-1-L, and its highest edge extends to the shoulder line, forward to the anterior midline, and backward to the outer side of the arm.

[0064] The A3 area includes A3-L and A3-R, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides.

[0065] A3-L covers the front of the left thigh and the front of the left calf. The uppermost edge is between the circumference of the left thigh root and the knee, about 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the circumference of the left thigh root. The lowermost edge includes at least the ankle circumference, extending inward to the inner line of the left leg and outward to the outer line.

[0066] A3-R covers the front of the right thigh and the front of the right calf. The uppermost edge is between the circumference of the right thigh root and the knee, about 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the circumference of the right thigh root. The lowermost edge includes at least the ankle circumference, extending inward to the inner line of the right leg and outward to the outer line.

[0067] The A4 area covers the back, lower back, and upper buttocks. Its uppermost edge connects with the upper edges of A2-R and A2-L, its lowermost edge connects with the upper edges of A1-2-R and A1-2-L, and its sides connect with A1-1-R and A1-1-L.

[0068] As an example Figure 2 The partitioning results for single-layer and double-layer composite structures based on the above steps are given: Areas A1-1-R, A1-1-L, A1-2-R, A1-2-L, A2-R, A2-L, A3-L, A3-R, and A4 are double-layer composite structure areas (yellow areas), while the remaining areas of the competition uniform (blue areas) are single-layer structure areas.

[0069] Preferably, step S1.5 is provided between step S1 and step S2: based on the biomechanical characteristics of human muscle groups, the distribution of exercise load and posture characteristics, the single-layer structure is divided into functional-oriented partitions.

[0070] Compared with existing technologies, this invention achieves comprehensive optimization of the protective performance, dynamic compression performance and aerodynamic performance of local areas by dividing single-layer and double-layer composite structures into functional zones. This solves the problems of poor high-speed drag reduction and poor dynamic adaptability to different parts of the human body in skating postures in existing short track speed skating competition suit designs.

[0071] Specifically, step S1.5 includes: S1.51: Obtain the muscle movement patterns and intensity of each region based on the movement direction of the trunk, upper limbs, and legs; S1.52: Functionally guided zoning of the single-layer structure based on the muscle movement patterns and intensity in each region.

[0072] It should be noted that the main function of the trunk muscles is to maintain the leaning and balance posture required for speed skating. Among them, the trapezius muscle maintains the head-up posture, the erector spinae muscle maintains the forward lean of the trunk for stability, the iliopsoas muscle participates in hip flexion, and the quadratus lumborum muscle is an important muscle for ensuring trunk stability; the overall exercise intensity of the muscles in this area is relatively low.

[0073] The muscles of the upper limbs are mainly used to achieve the forward and backward swinging of the arms, and the movement is characterized by the alternating coordination of flexor and extensor muscle groups. The flexor muscles work during the forward swing, while the extensor muscles work during the backward swing. The flexor muscles include the anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, and pectoralis major; the extensor muscles include the posterior deltoid, triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and teres minor; the exercise intensity is moderate.

[0074] Leg movements include extension, flexion, adduction, and abduction. Extensor muscles primarily include the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, gluteus maximus, and gastrocnemius; flexor muscles primarily include the biceps femoris and semitendinosus; adductor muscles primarily include the adductor magnus; and abductor muscles primarily include the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius. The vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and vastus medialis mainly provide power. The most distinctive feature of skating power is lateral push-off. During skating, the alternating push-off of the legs causes the body's center of gravity to constantly shift between the left and right legs. Therefore, the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis, as important muscle groups for maintaining body stability, must continuously perform work. The biceps femoris works to maintain knee joint stability; and the tibialis anterior provides continuous support for maintaining ankle joint stability. Because speed skating uses the skate blade as a line of contact support, it requires lever-like force to propel the skate across the ice. In order to reduce the resistance of the ice surface during landing, athletes usually dorsiflex their ankles so that the back of the skate blade lands first, and then gradually transition to the entire blade landing. This movement requires the tibialis anterior muscle to work to maintain stability. The gastrocnemius muscle is the main muscle that enables the dorsiflexion of the ankle joint and has a high exercise intensity.

[0075] Specifically, step S1.52 includes: S1.521: Based on the muscle movement patterns and intensity in each region, the single-layer structure will be initially divided into functionally guided zones; S1.522: The functional orientation of the single-layer structure is initially adjusted by the degree of muscle concentration in each region.

[0076] In implementation, step S1.521 includes: classifying muscle groups with similar exercise intensities based on their movement patterns and functional characteristics in the same motor unit, and preliminarily dividing them into the downward push-off dynamic zone, the upward push-off dynamic zone, the basic stability zone, and the core support zone. The specific zoning effect is shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 Preliminary Functional Zoning Table

[0077] In implementation, step S1.522 includes: merging and partitioning adjacent, relatively concentrated muscle groups that work together to perform the same power output function during movement, in order to reduce interference at partition interfaces and improve structural continuity. For example, the lower push-off power zone and upper push-off power zone of the knee joint are unified into a single push-off power zone, as shown in Table 3. Table 3 Final Functional Partition Table

[0078] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the single-layer structure is functionally divided into three zones: the icing power zone I1, the core support zone I2, and the foundation stability zone I3. Ice-climbing power zone I1: Zone I1, as the main power output area of ​​the inner layer, covers the lower limb muscles responsible for pushing off the ice, including the anterior thigh (quadriceps femoris), the anterior knee joint, and the anterolateral lower leg (tibialis anterior). Specifically, it extends from the anterior edge of the groin down the anterior edge of the femur, covering the area directly in front of and to the lateral side of the knee joint, and continues downwards to the anterior edge of the tibia and the upper edge of the ankle joint, forming a continuous, integrated power support zone. This area bears the main propulsive function during gliding and pushing off the ice, with frequent muscle contractions and high power output, making it prone to vibration and fatigue. Therefore, a UHMWPE / aramid composite warp-knitted fabric (basal weight 340±10g / m², thickness 0.6–1.3 mm) with a shrinkage rate of 25%–35% can be used to improve compression stability and enhance muscle coverage.

[0079] Core Support Area (I2): Zone I2 covers the core area from the waist and abdomen to the groin, specifically including the lower abdomen (lower rectus abdominis), lateral pelvic wings, iliopsoas region, and part of the origin of the gluteus medius. It is a crucial area for transmitting power between the upper and lower limbs and maintaining stability during gliding. This area needs to provide stable compression during gliding to support abdominal pressure regulation and core support; a fabric shrinkage rate of 20%–30% can be set. Zone I2 uses the same material as Zone I1, while achieving a gradient transition from high compression (legs) to low compression (upper limbs) to avoid localized wrinkles or movement disorders caused by compression differences.

[0080] Basic stability region (I3): Zone I3 covers the area above the rectus abdominis muscle to the shoulder girdle and upper limb, specifically including the pectoralis major, intercostal muscles, lower edge of the trapezius, scapular girdle, and lateral upper arm. This area is a relatively stable but critically controlled part of the gliding posture, with significant aerodynamic influence and minimal muscle output. The primary requirements are moderate compression, ensuring a snug fit, comfort, and freedom of movement. Therefore, Zone I3 uses the same cut-resistant material, but the shrinkage rate is set at 10%–25%, representing the lowest compression level in the entire garment. The design of this panel emphasizes following the dynamic lines of the shoulder and arm, with slight curved seams at the sternoclavicular joint and acromion areas to improve fit and ensure freedom of joint movement and lateral support.

[0081] Compared with existing technologies, this invention features segmented gradient compression zones in a single-layer structure: a high-compression zone is set in the lower limb ice-pushing muscle group area to provide strong muscle support and reduce soft tissue vibration; a low-compression zone is set in the joint flexion, extension and stability area to ensure joint flexibility and support; and a medium-compression zone is set in the trunk core stability area to balance core support and comfort, ensuring continuous distribution of compression force and smooth transition between layers. Differentiated compression forces are applied according to the biomechanical needs of different parts of the body to provide basic protection, stabilize muscles, promote blood circulation and reduce muscle vibration energy loss.

[0082] Specifically, the single-layer structure is made of warp-knitted fabric of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and aramid composite yarn, with a basis weight of 350±20 g / m² and a thickness of 0.6mm~1.3mm, and has Level 3 cut resistance according to EN 388:2016 standard.

[0083] Specifically, to facilitate subsequent molding and processing, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The I1, I2, and I3 areas shown are further divided into sub-areas: I1 is divided into I1-L and I1-R, which are set symmetrically on the left and right sides.

[0084] I1-L covers the area from the middle of the left thigh to the left calf. The uppermost edge is located between the circumference of the left thigh root and the knee, about 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the circumference of the left thigh root, and the lowermost edge includes at least the ankle circumference.

[0085] I1-R covers the area from the middle of the right thigh to the left calf, with the uppermost edge located between the right thigh root circumference and the knee circumference, about 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the right thigh root circumference, and the lowermost edge including at least the ankle circumference.

[0086] The I2 region includes I2-1-R and I2-1-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and I2-2-R and I2-2-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the right and left.

[0087] I2-1-R and I2-1-L cover the waist and abdomen to the back of the waist. The uppermost edge is between the bust and waist, about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the bust, and the lowermost edge is between the waist and abdomen, about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the waist, extending backward to the extension line of the back armpit line.

[0088] I2-2-R and I2-2-L cover the lower abdomen, iliopsoas muscle, and buttocks. Their uppermost edges connect with the lower edges of I2-1-R, I2-1-L, and I3-3, while the lowermost edge of I2-1-L connects with the upper edge of I1-L.

[0089] The lowermost edge of I2-1-L connects to the upper edge of I1-L.

[0090] The I3 region includes I3-1-R and I3-1-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and I3-2-R, I3-2-L and I3-3, which are symmetrically arranged on the right and left.

[0091] I3-1-R and I3-1-L cover the front of the shoulder and arm, with the lowest edge between the line connecting the clavicle and the front axillary point, and the highest edge to the shoulder line, extending forward to the front midline and backward to the sleeve cap line; I3-2-R and I3-2-L cover the chest and abdomen to the armpit.

[0092] The uppermost edge of I3-2-R connects to the lower edge of I3-1-R, and its lowermost edge connects to the upper edge of I2-1-R. It extends forward to the anterior midline and backward to the extension of the posterior axillary line.

[0093] The uppermost edge of I3-2-L connects with the lower edge of I3-1-L, and its lowermost edge connects with the upper edge of I2-1-L. It extends forward to the anterior midline and backward to the extension of the posterior axillary line.

[0094] I3-3 covers the back, lower back, and upper buttocks. Its uppermost edge connects to the upper edges of I3-1-R and I3-1-L, and its lowermost edge connects to I2-2-R and I2-2-L. Its two sides connect to I3-1-R, I3-1-L, I3-2-R, I3-2-L, I2-1-R, and I2-1-L in sequence.

[0095] Optionally, a neck guard is provided above the I3 area, covering the chin, with its lower edge connecting to the upper edges of I3-1-R, I3-1-L, and I3-3.

[0096] Specifically, step S2 combines different sections of fabric using a sewing process to produce a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit.

[0097] Specifically, step S2 includes: The seam direction of the outer layer of the double-layer composite structure must follow the local airflow direction to reduce disturbance in the seam area; In the double-layer composite structure, the inner and outer layers and the functional sheets of the single-layer structure are heat-set before sewing to ensure the stability of their structural dimensions and prevent edge curling or deformation during the sewing process.

[0098] Specifically, step S2 includes: Main functional area facing the wind (A1): Area A1 and the inner layer areas I2 and I3 are stitched together with three needles and five threads through the main seam 001, so that the polyurethane coating and the inner layer cut-resistant compression sheet are fixed together to ensure structural stability.

[0099] Shoulder-arm transition zone (A2): Area A2 utilizes textured fabric (micro-dimpled array), particularly in the shoulder and upper arm front areas, to disrupt airflow and delay flow separation. In the area directly above the shoulder line, to ensure a proper fit, this invention employs a seam-based flow-disrupting structure. This involves using outer functional seams 002 arranged in a zigzag pattern at the shoulder line to create a micro-flow-disrupting boundary layer, preventing the large-area textured fabric from causing localized misalignment with the shoulder structure. This area is secured to the inner layer I3 via main seams 001 and outer functional seams 002, achieving a synergy between aerodynamic flow disruption and muscle support.

[0100] Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone (A3): This area is fixed to the inner layer I1 by the main suture 001 and the outer functional suture 002, achieving the synergy of aerodynamic disturbance and muscle support.

[0101] Low-pressure area in the back and hips (A4): To ensure airflow adhesion during high-speed gliding, this area is made of polyurethane coated fabric. The inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure are fixed by the main seam 001, achieving large-area integrated fixation, avoiding interlayer slippage and local wrinkles, and ensuring aerodynamic performance and durability during movement.

[0102] Specifically, the main seam 001 serves as the skeleton seam of the entire garment, and is simultaneously stitched with three needles and five threads along the boundaries of each section within the double-layer composite structure and the boundaries of each section within the single-layer structure, such as the dividing line between A1 and A4 and the boundary line between the inner sheet material I1 and I3. The outer functional seam 002 is used at the junction of the double-layer composite structure and the single-layer structure, connecting the inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure and the individual sheets of the single-layer structure, such as A2 and I3-1, A3 and I1, to form a turbulence-induced stitching area. It adopts a zigzag stitching structure with a seam spacing of 2.5 mm to enhance the aerodynamic smoothness and seam strength of the garment in high-speed gliding conditions. The inner functional suture 003 is used to connect the sheets between the inner layer and the single layer in the double-layer composite structure, connecting I3-2 and I2-1. It adopts a three-needle, five-thread overlock stitch with a seam spacing of 3.0 mm, providing structural support for the function of the inner compression structure.

[0103] Compared with existing technologies, this invention employs a seam-based aerodynamic structure in the shoulder-arm transition area. This involves using outer functional seams arranged in a zigzag pattern along the shoulder line to create a micro-aerodynamic boundary layer, preventing localized misalignment of large-format textured fabrics with the shoulder structure. This area is fixed to the inner layer I3 via main seams and outer functional seams, achieving a synergy between aerodynamic aerodynamics and muscle support.

[0104] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments and comparative examples are provided: Example This embodiment discloses a partition design method for an integrated short track speed skating competition suit, including: S1: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during skating are identified, and the various areas of the one-piece short track speed skating uniform are divided into single-layer and double-layer composite structures.

[0105] S101: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics distribution of athletes during gliding are identified, the areas for setting up double-layer composite structures are determined, and functional-oriented zoning is performed on the double-layer composite structures.

[0106] S1011: Based on the posture angles of various parts of the human body during movement, obtain the range of changes in the streamlined curve angles formed by various parts of the human body, and then determine the core drag reduction mechanism; S1012: Select typical aerodynamic interfaces of the body posture during different stages of movement and perform 3D scanning to construct a solid model of the athlete; S1013: Based on the athlete's physical model, the CFD method is used to analyze the athlete's air resistance characteristics; Based on the personalized athlete's physical model, the CFD method is used to analyze the athlete's air resistance characteristics, which can reveal the frontal area, resistance distribution and proportion of the athlete's clothing. Through the visualization and data-driven computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, personalized parameter optimization and regional structure matching in the design and manufacturing process of high-performance racing clothing are realized.

[0107] S10131. Construct the model coordinate system: Speed ​​athletes glide at high speeds on ice and snow by pushing off the ice or by gravity. The relative speed to the incoming airflow is determined by the gliding speed. The direction of airflow relative to the athlete in the incoming airflow is defined as the positive X direction, the vertical upward direction on the ice or snow surface is defined as the positive Z direction, and the left side of the athlete is defined as the positive Y direction. S10132, Governing Equations and Turbulence Treatment: Based on the athlete's physical model, a governing equation is established to describe the motion of the surrounding fluid. A turbulence model is introduced to form a closed set of equations. Boundary conditions and computational domain are input to estimate the influence of small-scale fluctuations on large-scale flow and solve for the average flow velocity and pressure around the athlete.

[0108] Specifically, the governing equation in step S10132 satisfies: Continuity equation: ; Momentum conservation equation: ; Where x represents the coordinate axis variable of the Cartesian coordinate system, i represents the direction of the velocity component under study, and j represents the direction of the spatial derivative. i The coordinate axis variables representing the direction of the velocity components under study; x j The coordinate axis variables representing the direction of the spatial derivative are: t is time, p is fluid pressure, ρ is fluid density, and B is the fluid density. i u represents the volume force in the direction of the velocity component under study. i u represents the time-averaged velocity in the direction of the velocity component. j This represents the average velocity in the direction of the spatial derivative. Indicates the pulsating velocity component. v represents the pulsating velocity in the direction of the spatial derivative.t The velocity component is perpendicular to the local normal.

[0109] Specifically, in step S10132, the turbulence model can be selected as the k-ω turbulence model, satisfying: ; ; In the formula, , , , , , .

[0110] Where x represents the coordinate axis variable in the Cartesian coordinate system, k is the turbulent kinetic energy, t is time, ω is the specific kinetic energy dissipation rate, ε is the turbulent energy dissipation rate, and β is the turbulent energy dissipation rate. σ is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation coefficient. ρ is the turbulent kinetic energy diffusion coefficient, a is the specific dissipation rate production term coefficient, β is the specific dissipation rate attenuation coefficient, σ is the specific dissipation rate diffusion coefficient, ρ is the fluid density, and μ represents the fluid kinematic viscosity coefficient. t This represents the change of μ over time. i Indicates the viscosity coefficient in the direction of the velocity component. S is the Reynolds stress tensor; k For additional turbulent kinetic energy; S w This is for additional specific kinetic energy dissipation.

[0111] S10133, Boundary Conditions and Computational Domain: The numerical simulation sets the initial parameters and boundary conditions of the flow field, including flow inlet, flow outlet, pressure inlet, pressure outlet, wall boundary, symmetric boundary, and periodic boundary. Dirichlet conditions are used to directly specify the values ​​of physical quantities at the boundaries to ensure accurate flow field calculations.

[0112] S10134, Numerical Solution: Due to the complex shape of the athlete and the presence of flow separation, an algebraic solution method combining continuous physical quantities with finite discrete points is adopted. The governing equations of the turbulent flow field around the athlete are solved using Fluent based on the RANS method. A finite volume grid is used to discretize the continuous functions into nodal function values, and the nodal unknowns are solved numerically.

[0113] S10135, Mesh Generation: To ensure computational accuracy, three mesh refinement regions are established within the computational domain, achieving a layered refinement process of "global-transitional-local". The computational domain mesh adopts a hybrid partitioning method, with unstructured tetrahedral meshes used around the athlete, and the maximum mesh size is set globally.

[0114] S10136. Numerical Simulation and Air Resistance Analysis: Based on the solid model of a short track speed skater, numerical simulations are carried out within the movement speed range of 8-16 m / s, with the Reynolds number in the range of 303957<Re<607913, and the drag coefficient of the curve posture at different speeds is 0.559<CD<0.648. In the composition of the total air resistance, the pressure drag accounts for 95.56%~96.43%, and the frictional drag accounts for 3.57%~4.44%. It can be seen that the main source of air resistance for short track speed skaters is pressure drag. However, as the movement speed increases, when U=16 m / s, the absolute value of the skater's total air resistance reaches 27.05 N, and the frictional drag is 1.18 N.

[0115] S1014: Based on the analysis results of the skater's air resistance characteristics, function-oriented zoning is performed on the double-layer composite structure. Based on the above aerodynamic characteristics, the function-oriented zoning of the double-layer composite structure is divided into four types of functional areas: Head-on main functional area: Starting from the horizontal line of the clavicle, it extends downward along the front edge of the shoulder, covers the deltoid region of the humerus, reaches the outer side of the elbow joint, and transitions inward to the midline of the chest; for the lower limb region, starting from the front side of the groin, it covers the surface of the quadriceps femoris to the front of the knee joint, and extends downward along the tibial ridge to the front edge of the ankle joint; this area is the main windward surface during sliding, with the highest flow velocity and large pressure difference.

[0116] Shoulder-arm transition area: Starting from the outer edge of the shoulder joint, it covers the outer side of the humerus to the posterior edge of the elbow joint, including the outer side of the elbow and the outer region of the deltoid muscle of the upper arm; Thigh-knee joint-ankle transition area: Starting from the outer edge of the quadriceps femoris, it covers the vastus lateralis and the outer side of the knee joint and extends to the outer edge of the peroneus longus; the shoulder-arm transition area and the thigh-knee joint-ankle transition area are located in the boundary layer where the flow velocity transitions from high to low, with high risks of shear and local separation; Back-buttock low-pressure area: For the back, starting from the horizontal line of the 7th cervical vertebra, it extends downward along both sides of the spine, covering the entire latissimus dorsi region and the thoracolumbar fascia to the horizontal line of the lumbar vertebra; for the buttock region, starting from the sacrococcygeal region, it transitions along the surface of the gluteus maximus to the posterior side of the thigh until the attachment point of the biceps femoris; the air flow velocity in this area is low, the flow attachment layer is stable, but there is a separation risk at the posterior edge of the buttock.

[0117] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the function-oriented zoning of the double-layer composite structure includes: Head-on main functional area (A1): Zone A1 primarily covers an area extending from the upper edge of the clavicle along the anterior edge of the shoulder, covering the anterior surface of the pectoralis major muscle, continuing to the midline of the abdomen, then down along the anterior side of the groin to cover the quadriceps femoris muscle, reaching as low as between the groin and knee circumferences, approximately one-quarter to two-thirds of the way down the groin circumference, forming a continuous sheet of material from the clavicle to the mid-thigh. This zone is mainly used to withstand the impact of oncoming airflow during gliding and is the primary source of pressure drag. Zone A1 uses a polyurethane-coated fabric to reduce frictional resistance, ensure airflow adhesion, and minimize separation.

[0118] Shoulder-arm transition zone (A2): Region A2 extends from the outer edge of the clavicle down along the acromion to the lateral deltoid muscle, and continues to cover the lateral humerus to the posterior edge of the elbow joint and the windward area of ​​the forearm. It includes part of the shoulder in the windward area, as well as the shear layer transition zone on both sides of the arm in CFD analysis, covering at least the anterior 3 / 4 of the arm.

[0119] The A2 area uses textured fabric (micro-dimpled array or micro-groove structure), especially in the shoulder and upper arm front area, to disturb airflow and delay flow separation.

[0120] Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone (A3): Zone A3 covers the outer edge of the vastus lateralis muscle, extends to the outer edge of the knee joint, and continues to cover part of the outer side of the popliteal fossa area. It is an important transitional area between the main functional area facing the wind and the low-pressure area.

[0121] This area uses textured fabric (micro-dimpled array) on the front of the thigh to smoothly transition airflow and maintain a dynamic fit of the fabric when the thigh rotates, covering at least the inner and outer lines of the thigh, that is, at least the front 3 / 5 of the thigh.

[0122] Low-pressure area in the back and hips (A4): The A4 area covers the back and buttocks from the shoulder line, including the latissimus dorsi muscles on both sides below the level of the seventh cervical vertebra, extending down the spine to the lumbar region and the upper edge of the gluteus maximus, and laterally to the outer edge of the biceps femoris.

[0123] The main functional area facing the wind uniformly adopts a fabric coated with polyurethane to enhance fluid adhesion and reduce frictional resistance; The outer fabric of the shoulder-arm transition area and the thigh-knee-ankle transition area is equipped with a micro-dimpled turbulence structure. The micro-dimples are 2mm in diameter, 0.2mm in depth, and 5mm apart, and are oriented in the direction of the main airflow to delay flow separation. The main functional area facing the wind uniformly uses a fabric coated with polyurethane to enhance fluid adhesion and reduce frictional resistance.

[0124] S102: Based on the functional zoning results of the double-layer composite structure, the competition uniform is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure zoning.

[0125] Figure 2 The partitioning results for single-layer and double-layer composite structures based on the above steps are given: Areas A1-1-R, A1-1-L, A1-2-R, A1-2-L, A2-R, A2-L, A3-L, A3-R, and A4 are double-layer composite structure areas (yellow areas), while the remaining areas of the competition uniform (blue areas) are single-layer structure areas.

[0126] Area A1 includes A1-1-R and A1-1-L, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and A1-2-R and A1-2-L, which are also arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0127] A1-1-R covers the right side of the chest and abdomen to the right posterior side of the body. Its upper edge extends to the line connecting the clavicle and the anterior axillary point. Its lower edge is located between the waist and abdominal circumference, near the 1 / 2 point of the waist circumference, extending backward to the extension line of the posterior axillary line and forward to the anterior midline. A1-2-R covers the right lower abdomen, right iliopsoas muscle, and right buttock. Its uppermost edge connects with the lower edge of A1-1-R and A4, and its lowermost edge connects with the upper edge of A3-R.

[0128] A1-1-L covers the left side of the chest and abdomen to the left rear side of the body. Its upper edge is between the line connecting the clavicle and the line connecting the anterior axillary point. Its lower edge is between the waist and the abdominal circumference, close to the 1 / 2 point of the waist circumference, extending backward to the extension line of the posterior axillary line and forward to the anterior midline. A1-2-L covers the left lower abdomen, left iliopsoas muscle, and left buttock. Its uppermost edge connects with the lower edge of A1-1-L and A4, and its lowermost edge connects with the upper edge of A3-L.

[0129] A2 sheet includes A2-R and A2-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides.

[0130] A2-R covers the right front of the shoulder and the front of the right arm. Its lowest edge connects with the upper edge of A1-1-R, and its highest edge extends to the shoulder line, forward to the anterior midline, and backward to the outer side of the arm.

[0131] A2-L covers the front of the left shoulder and the front of the left arm. Its lowest edge connects with the upper edge of A1-1-L, and its highest edge extends to the shoulder line, forward to the anterior midline, and backward to the outer side of the arm.

[0132] The A3 area includes A3-L and A3-R, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides.

[0133] A3-L covers the front of the left thigh and the front of the left calf. The uppermost edge is between the circumference of the left thigh root and the knee, about one-third of the way down from the left thigh root. The lowermost edge includes at least the ankle circumference, extending inward to the inner line of the left leg and outward to the outer line.

[0134] A3-R covers the front of the right thigh and the front of the right calf. The uppermost edge is between the circumference of the right thigh root and the knee, about one-third of the way down from the right thigh root. The lowermost edge includes at least the ankle circumference. It extends inward to the inner line of the right leg and outward to the outer line.

[0135] The A4 area covers the back, lower back, and upper buttocks. Its uppermost edge connects with the upper edges of A2-R and A2-L, its lowermost edge connects with the upper edges of A1-2-R and A1-2-L, and its sides connect with A1-1-R and A1-1-L.

[0136] S2: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during gliding are identified, and a stitching scheme is selected to achieve stitching between the two layers of a double-layer composite structure and between single-layer and double-layer composite structures.

[0137] S1.5: Based on the biomechanical characteristics of human muscle groups, the distribution of exercise load, and postural characteristics, the single-layer structure is divided into functional-oriented zones.

[0138] S1.51: Obtain the muscle movement patterns and intensity of each region based on the movement direction of the trunk, upper limbs, and legs; S1.52: Functionally guided zoning of the single-layer structure based on the muscle movement patterns and intensity in each region.

[0139] S1.521: Based on the muscle movement patterns and intensity of each region, the single-layer structure will be initially divided into functional-oriented zones; based on the muscle movement patterns and their functional characteristics in participating in the same movement unit, muscle groups with similar movement intensities will be classified, and thus can be initially divided into the downward pushing-off power zone, the upward pushing-off power zone, the basic stability zone, and the core support zone. S1.522: The functional zoning of the single-layer structure is initially adjusted based on the degree of muscle concentration in each region; the lower and upper push-off power zones of the knee joint are unified into a single push-off power zone. The functional zoning of the single-layer structure includes: push-off power zone I1, core support zone I2, and basic stability zone I3.

[0140] Ice-climbing power zone I1: Zone I1, as the main power output area of ​​the inner layer, covers the lower limb muscles responsible for pushing off the ice, including the anterior thigh (quadriceps femoris), the anterior knee joint, and the anterolateral lower leg (tibialis anterior). Specifically, it extends from the anterior edge of the groin down the anterior edge of the femur, covering the area directly in front of and to the lateral side of the knee joint, and continues downwards to the anterior edge of the tibia and the upper edge of the ankle joint, forming a continuous, integrated power support zone. This area bears the main propulsive function during gliding and pushing off the ice, with frequent muscle contractions and high power output, making it prone to vibration and fatigue. Therefore, a UHMWPE / aramid composite warp-knitted fabric (basal weight 330 g / m², thickness 1.3 mm) with a 30% shrinkage rate can be used to improve compression stability and enhance muscle coverage.

[0141] Core Support Area (I2): Zone I2 covers the core area from the waist and abdomen to the groin, specifically including the lower abdomen (lower rectus abdominis), pelvic wings, iliopsoas region, and part of the origin of the gluteus medius. It is a crucial area for transmitting power between the upper and lower limbs and maintaining stability in the gliding posture. This area needs to provide stable compression during gliding to support abdominal pressure regulation and core support; a 25% shrinkage rate can be set for this zone. Zone I2 uses the same material as Zone I1, while also achieving a gradient transition from high compression (legs) to low compression (upper limbs), avoiding localized wrinkles or movement disorders caused by compression differences.

[0142] Basic stability region (I3): Zone I3 covers the area above the rectus abdominis muscle to the shoulder girdle and upper limb, specifically including the pectoralis major, intercostal muscles, lower edge of the trapezius, scapular girdle, and lateral upper arm. This area is a relatively stable but critically controlled part of the gliding posture, with significant aerodynamic influence and less muscle output. The main requirements are moderate compression, ensuring a good fit, comfort, and freedom of movement. Therefore, Zone I3 uses the same cut-resistant material, but the shrinkage rate is set at 20%, making it the lowest compression level area in the entire garment. The design of this panel emphasizes following the dynamic lines of the shoulder and arm, with slight curved seams at the sternoclavicular joint and acromion areas to improve fit and ensure freedom of joint movement and lateral support.

[0143] The single-layer structure is made of warp-knitted fabric composed of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and aramid composite yarn, and has Level 3 cut resistance according to EN388:2016 standard.

[0144] Figure 4 and Figure 5 The I1, I2, and I3 areas shown are further divided into sub-areas: I1 is divided into I1-L and I1-R, which are set symmetrically on the left and right sides.

[0145] I1-L covers the area from the middle of the left thigh to the left calf, with the uppermost edge at the point between the left thigh root circumference and the knee circumference, close to one-third of the left thigh root circumference, and the lowermost edge including at least the ankle circumference.

[0146] I1-R covers the area from the middle of the right thigh to the left calf, with the uppermost edge at the point between the right thigh root circumference and the knee circumference, close to one-third of the right thigh root circumference, and the lowermost edge including at least the ankle circumference.

[0147] The I2 region includes I2-1-R and I2-1-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and I2-2-R and I2-2-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the right and left.

[0148] I2-1-R and I2-1-L cover the waist and abdomen to the back of the waist. The uppermost edge is between the bust and waist, about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the bust, and the lowermost edge is between the waist and abdomen, about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the waist, extending backward to the extension line of the back armpit line.

[0149] I2-2-R and I2-2-L cover the lower abdomen, iliopsoas muscle, and buttocks. Their uppermost edges connect with the lower edges of I2-1-R, I2-1-L, and I3-3, while the lowermost edge of I2-1-L connects with the upper edge of I1-L.

[0150] The lowermost edge of I2-1-L connects to the upper edge of I1-L.

[0151] The I3 region includes I3-1-R and I3-1-L, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and I3-2-R, I3-2-L and I3-3, which are symmetrically arranged on the right and left.

[0152] I3-1-R and I3-1-L cover the front of the shoulder and arm, with the lowest edge between the line connecting the clavicle and the front axillary point, and the highest edge to the shoulder line, extending forward to the front midline and backward to the sleeve cap line; I3-2-R and I3-2-L cover the chest and abdomen to the armpit.

[0153] The uppermost edge of I3-2-R connects to the lower edge of I3-1-R, and its lowermost edge connects to the upper edge of I2-1-R. It extends forward to the anterior midline and backward to the extension of the posterior axillary line.

[0154] The uppermost edge of I3-2-L connects with the lower edge of I3-1-L, and its lowermost edge connects with the upper edge of I2-1-L. It extends forward to the anterior midline and backward to the extension of the posterior axillary line.

[0155] I3-3 covers the back, lower back, and upper buttocks. Its uppermost edge connects to the upper edges of I3-1-R and I3-1-L, and its lowermost edge connects to I2-2-R and I2-2-L. Its two sides connect to I3-1-R, I3-1-L, I3-2-R, I3-2-L, I2-1-R, and I2-1-L in sequence.

[0156] Above the I3 zone is a neck protector that covers the chin, with its lower edge connecting to the upper edges of I3-1-R, I3-1-L, and I3-3.

[0157] S2: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during gliding are identified, and a stitching scheme is selected to achieve stitching between the two layers of a double-layer composite structure and between single-layer and double-layer composite structures.

[0158] The seam direction of the outer layer of the double-layer composite structure must follow the local airflow direction to reduce disturbance in the seam area; Before sewing, the inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure are pre-matched in shape, and directional positioning and pre-forming treatments are carried out for each functional piece, such as heat setting, to ensure the streamlined continuity and stable aerodynamic fit of the garment after sewing.

[0159] Main functional area facing the wind (A1): Area A1 is connected to the inner layers I2 and I3 by a three-needle, five-thread overlock stitch via the main seam 001, which integrates the polyurethane coating with the inner anti-cut compression sheet to ensure structural stability.

[0160] Shoulder-arm transition zone (A2): Area A2 utilizes textured fabric (micro-dimpled array) in certain areas, particularly around the shoulder and upper arm front edge, to disrupt airflow and delay flow separation. In the area directly above the shoulder line, to ensure a proper fit, this invention employs a seam-based flow-disrupting structure. This involves using outer functional seams 002 arranged in a zigzag pattern at the shoulder line to create a micro-flow-disrupting boundary layer, preventing the large-area textured fabric from causing localized misalignment with the shoulder structure. This area is secured to the inner layer I3 via main seams 001 and outer functional seams 002, achieving a synergy between aerodynamic flow disruption and muscle support.

[0161] Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone (A3): This area is fixed to the inner layer I1 by the main suture 001 and the outer functional suture 002, achieving the synergy of aerodynamic disturbance and muscle support.

[0162] Low-pressure area in the back and hips (A4): To ensure airflow adhesion during high-speed gliding, this area is made of polyurethane coated fabric, which is fixed to the inner layer I3 by the main seam 001 to achieve large-area integrated fixation, avoiding interlayer slippage and local wrinkles, and ensuring aerodynamic performance and durability during movement.

[0163] Specifically, the main seam 001 serves as the skeleton seam of the entire garment, and is simultaneously stitched with three needles and five threads along the boundaries of each section within the double-layer composite structure and the boundaries of each section within the single-layer structure, such as the dividing line between A1 and A4 and the boundary line between the inner sheet material I1 and I3. The outer functional seam 002 is used at the junction of the double-layer composite structure and the single-layer structure, connecting the inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure and the individual sheets of the single-layer structure, such as A2 and I3-1, A3 and I1, to form a turbulence-induced stitching area. It adopts a zigzag stitching structure with a seam spacing of 2.5 mm to enhance the aerodynamic smoothness and seam strength of the garment in high-speed gliding conditions. The inner functional suture 003 is used to connect the sheets between the inner layer and the single layer in the double-layer composite structure, connecting I3-2 and I2-1. It adopts a three-needle, five-thread overlock stitch with a seam spacing of 3.0 mm, providing structural support for the function of the inner compression structure.

[0164] Using the short track speed skating competition suit described in this embodiment, a national-level male short track speed skater was selected as the wearer. His height is 178cm, weight is 75kg, chest circumference is 96cm, waist circumference is 78cm, and hip circumference is 100cm, conforming to the physique characteristics of a professional athlete in competitive conditions. The suit is based on his skating posture, and structural modeling and zonal design are performed using CFD aerodynamic simulation, velocity distribution measurement, and muscle group force data.

[0165] Tests were conducted in the speed range of 7 m / s to 19 m / s, with an overall drag coefficient of 0.72 to 0.78. Figure 3 (Black curve).

[0166] Comparative Example Compared to the embodiment, no internal partitioning was performed on the single-layer structure; that is, the single-layer structure was not divided into regions such as I1, I2, I3, etc., or further partitioned. The double-layer composite structure is normally divided into regions such as A1, A2, A3, and A4, and A1, A2, A3, and A4 are further partitioned according to the embodiment. The rest is the same as the embodiment. The overall drag coefficient of the same national-level male short track speed skater in the 7~19m / s speed range is 0.78~0.83 (...). Figure 3 The blue curve (significantly higher than the example) indicates that, especially during the acceleration phase after cornering, the airflow adhesion to the shoulders and outer thighs decreases significantly, limiting overall drag reduction performance.

[0167] The above results show that the multi-posture speed skating drag-reducing competition suit provided by the present invention effectively improves the flow characteristics under complex postures during skating through differentiated fabric roughness design, regional layout, fluid alignment and dynamic adaptation strategies, significantly reduces air resistance without sacrificing freedom of movement, and has excellent aerodynamic performance and applicability.

[0168] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for partitioned design of an integrated short track speed skating competition suit, characterized in that, include: S1: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation identification of the aerodynamic characteristics distribution of athletes during skating, the integrated short track speed skating competition uniform is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure partitions for each area; S2: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics of athletes during gliding are identified, and a stitching scheme is selected to achieve stitching between the two layers of a double-layer composite structure and between single-layer and double-layer composite structures.

2. The method for partitioning a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S101: Based on unsteady computational fluid dynamics modeling and simulation, the aerodynamic characteristics distribution of athletes during gliding are identified, the setting area of ​​the double-layer composite structure is determined, and the double-layer composite structure is functionally guided to be partitioned. S102: Based on the functional zoning results of the double-layer composite structure, the competition uniform is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer composite structure zoning.

3. The partition design method for the integrated short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S101 includes: S1011: Based on the posture angles of various parts of the human body during movement, obtain the range of changes in the streamlined curve angles formed by various parts of the human body, and then determine the core drag reduction mechanism; S1012: Select typical aerodynamic interfaces of the body posture during different stages of movement and perform 3D scanning to construct a solid model of the athlete; S1013: Based on the athlete's physical model, conduct air resistance characteristic analysis of the athlete using unsteady computational fluid dynamics; S1014: Based on the analysis results of the aerodynamic drag characteristics of athletes, functional-oriented zoning is carried out on the double-layer composite structure.

4. The partition design method for the integrated short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S1014, the functional zoning of the double-layer composite structure, includes: Main functional area facing the wind: The main functional area facing the wind extends from the upper edge of the clavicle along the front edge of the shoulder, covering the anterior surface of the pectoralis major muscle, continuing to the middle of the abdomen, then down through the front of the groin to cover the quadriceps femoris muscle, and as low as between the circumference of the thigh root and the knee circumference, close to 1 / 4 to 2 / 3 of the circumference of the thigh root, forming a continuous whole sheet from the clavicle to the middle of the thigh. Shoulder-arm transition zone: The shoulder-arm transition zone extends from the outer edge of the clavicle down the acromion to the outer side of the deltoid muscle, and continues to cover the outer side of the humerus to the posterior edge of the elbow joint and the windward area of ​​the forearm. It includes part of the shoulder in the windward area, as well as the shear layer transition zone on both sides of the arm in CFD analysis, covering at least the anterior 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 of the arm. Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone: The thigh-knee-ankle transition zone covers the outer edge of the vastus lateralis muscle, extends to the outer edge of the knee joint, and continues to cover part of the lateral aspect of the popliteal fossa region; Low-pressure areas in the back and hips: The low-pressure area of ​​the back and buttocks covers the back and buttocks area from the shoulder line, including the latissimus dorsi muscles on both sides below the level of the seventh cervical vertebra, extending down the spine to the lumbar region and the upper edge of the gluteus maximus, and laterally to the outer edge of the biceps femoris.

5. The partition design method for the integrated short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer fabric of the shoulder-arm transition area and the thigh-knee-ankle transition area features a micro-dimpled flow-disrupting structure. The micro-pits are 2mm to 6mm in diameter, 0.2mm to 1mm in depth, and spaced 5mm to 15mm apart, with their direction aligned with the main airflow direction.

6. The method for partitioning a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 involves combining different sections of fabric using a sewing process to create a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit.

7. The partition design method for the integrated short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: The seam direction of the outer layer of the double-layer composite structure must follow the local airflow direction to reduce disturbance in the seam area; The inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure are pre-matched in shape before sewing, and directional positioning and shaping pre-treatment are carried out for each functional piece to ensure the streamlined continuity and stable aerodynamic fit of the garment after sewing.

8. The method for partitioning a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the suture consists of a main suture, an outer functional suture, and an inner functional suture. The main seam serves as the skeleton seam of the entire garment, and is simultaneously stitched with three needles and five threads along the boundaries of each section within the double-layer composite structure and the boundaries of each section within the single-layer structure. The outer functional suture is used at the junction of the double-layer composite structure and the single-layer structure. The connection between the inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure and between the sheets of the single-layer structure adopts a zigzag stitching structure. The inner functional suture is used to connect the sheets in the inner layer and the single layer of the double-layer composite structure, and is made of three needles and five threads.

9. The method for partitioning a one-piece short track speed skating competition suit according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Main functional area facing the wind: The main functional area facing the wind is sealed with a three-needle, five-thread overlock stitch through the main seam, which integrates the polyurethane coating with the inner anti-cut compression sheet to ensure structural stability. Shoulder-arm transition zone: The shoulder-arm transition area uses a micro-dimpled array, especially in the area between the shoulder and the front edge of the upper arm, to disturb the airflow and delay flow separation; in the area directly above the shoulder line, the outer functional sutures are arranged in a zigzag pattern at the shoulder line to form a micro-turbulent boundary layer. Thigh-Knee-Ankle Transition Zone: The double-layer composite structure in the thigh-knee-ankle transition zone is fixed by the main suture and the outer functional suture; Low-pressure areas in the back and hips: The inner and outer layers of the double-layer composite structure in the low-pressure area of ​​the back and buttocks are fixed by the main suture, achieving large-area integrated fixation.

10. A one-piece short track speed skating competition suit, characterized in that, Obtained using the partition design method of the integrated short track speed skating competition suit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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