Macroscopic quantum state teleportation method and system based on projection parallel computing

Abstract

This invention discloses a macroscopic quantum teleportation method and system based on projective parallel computing. The method decomposes the macroscopic quantum state into K parallel subsets, which are then distributed across K projective computing units to perform Bell state measurement, classical information transmission, and quantum state reconstruction in parallel. Finally, the reconstructed quantum states of each subset are merged into a complete macroscopic quantum state. Bell state measurement projects the quantum state onto one of four Bell states: |Φ⁺>, |Φ⁻>, |Ψ⁺>, |Ψ⁻>, with the measurement result m_k∈{00,01,10,11}. The receiving end executes the corresponding unitary operation (I-gate, X-gate, Z-gate, or a combination thereof) in parallel based on the measurement result. The parallel speedup of the projective parallel computing architecture is S≈K·η, where S≥800 when K≥1024, and the full-link fidelity F≥0.95. This invention achieves massive parallel processing of qubits for macroscopic quantum teleportation, reducing the total transmission time to milliseconds, and can be applied to scenarios such as quantum network interconnection and distributed quantum computing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of quantum information transmission technology and parallel computing technology, specifically to a macroscopic quantum teleportation method and system based on projective parallel computing. This invention can be applied to fields such as macroscopic quantum state transmission, quantum network interconnection, distributed quantum computing, and quantum communication acceleration, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios requiring parallel processing of massive numbers of qubits during large-scale quantum state transmission. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum teleportation is one of the core protocols in quantum information science. It transmits a quantum state from one node to another through shared quantum entanglement and classical communication, without requiring the transmission of the physical carrier itself. In recent years, quantum teleportation has expanded from single qubits to multi-particle entangled states. By 2025, research had achieved macroscopic quantum teleportation based on a qubit ensemble. In 2026, 100-channel reconfigurable quantum teleportation was experimentally verified. However, macroscopic quantum teleportation faces a fundamental challenge: macroscopic quantum states contain a large number of qubits (N ≫ 1), and their teleportation process involves massive Bell state measurements, classical information processing, and quantum state reconstruction calculations. Existing methods employ a serial processing architecture, which suffers from the following problems: (i) Bell state measurements of massive qubits cannot be completed in real time. A macroscopic quantum state contains N qubits (N ~ 10²). 0 (and above), the Bell state measurement of each qubit requires a projection operation under the measurement basis. Traditional serial measurement schemes require processing each qubit individually, and the measurement time increases linearly with N, which is unacceptable for macroscopic quantum states. (ii) Classical information processing becomes a bottleneck in transmission. Quantum teleportation requires transmitting Bell state measurements to a receiver via a classical channel. The receiver then reconstructs the quantum state by performing corresponding unitary operations based on the measurement results. For macroscopic quantum states, classical information processing is enormous (requiring the processing of N measurement results and the generation of N unitary operation instructions), and traditional serial processing leads to accumulated delays. (iii) Quantum state reconstruction requires a large amount of computation. The receiving end needs to perform unitary operations (X-gate, Z-gate, or a combination thereof) on each of the N qubits based on the measurement results to reconstruct the macroscopic quantum state. This process is extremely time-consuming in traditional serial architectures, and the quantum state continues to decoherent during the reconstruction process. (iv) Existing parallel quantum teleportation schemes are limited to the microscopic scale. Although there have been studies on the parallelization of quantum algorithms based on gate teleportation and the parallel quantum teleportation of hundreds of channels based on spatially separable quantum resources, the existing schemes are limited to the parallel processing of microscopic single particles or a small number of qubits, and cannot meet the needs of parallel teleportation of macroscopic quantum states containing a large number of particles. To address the above problems, this invention provides a macroscopic quantum teleportation method and system based on projective parallel computing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Purpose of the invention This invention aims to solve the technical problems in existing macroscopic quantum teleportation, such as the inability to perform Bell state measurement of massive qubits in real time, classical information processing becoming a bottleneck in transmission, large computational load of quantum state reconstruction, and existing parallel schemes being limited to the microscopic scale. It provides a macroscopic quantum teleportation method and system based on projective parallel computing, which uses a projective parallel computing architecture (PPU) to achieve comprehensive parallel acceleration of Bell state measurement, classical information processing, and quantum state reconstruction in macroscopic quantum teleportation. (II) Technical Solution This invention provides a macroscopic quantum teleportation method based on projective parallel computing, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Decompose the macroscopic quantum state into a subset of parallel qubits. The macroscopic quantum state to be transmitted, |Ψ_macro> = Σ_i α_i |ψ_i> (containing N qubits), is decomposed into K parallel subsets, each containing M_k qubits, satisfying Σ M_k = N. Each subset is independent and can be subjected to Bell state measurement and quantum state reconstruction separately. Step 2: Parallel Bell state measurement The Bell state measurement tasks for K subsets are distributed across K Projection Units (PEUs) for parallel execution. Each PEU performs the following operations on its assigned subset of qubits: (1) Perform Bell state measurements on the corresponding qubits of the quantum state to be transmitted and the shared entanglement pair; (2) Project the measurement results onto one of the four Bell states: |Φ⁺>, |Φ⁻>, |Ψ⁺>, |Ψ⁻>; (3) Record the measurement results m_k ∈ {00, 01, 10, 11}. Bell state measurements of K PEUs are performed in parallel, with the total measurement time determined by the slowest PEU: T_measure = max(T_PEU_1, T_PEU_2, …, T_PEU_K) ≈ T_single / K Where T_single is the single-channel serial measurement time. Step 3: Parallel Classical Information Encoding and Transmission Each PEU encodes the measurement result m_k into classical information and transmits it to the corresponding PEU at the receiving end through parallel classical channels. The classical information of K channels is transmitted in parallel, and the total transmission time is determined by the slowest channel. Step 4: Parallel quantum state reconstruction The K PEUs at the receiving end reconstruct the quantum state by performing the corresponding unitary operation in parallel based on the received measurement result m_k: m_k = 00: Execute the I gate (no operation required) m_k = 01: Execute the X gate m_k = 10: Execute the Z-gate m_k = 11: Execute the X gate followed by the Z gate. Each PEU executes the unitary operation in parallel, and the total reconstruction time is determined by the slowest PEU: T_reconstruct = max(T_PEU_1, T_PEU_2, …, T_PEU_K) ≈ T_single / K Step 5: Macroscopic quantum state synthesis Merge the reconstructed quantum states of K subsets into a complete macroscopic quantum state |Ψ_macro>, thus completing the macroscopic quantum teleportation. Core mathematical framework: Definition of projection angle: The projection angle θ is defined as: θ = arctan(β_s / β_r), β_r² + β_s² = 1 Projection Parallel Computing Architecture (PPU): The projection parallel computing architecture comprises K projection computing units (PEUs), each PEU containing: A projection mapping unit is used to project input data onto the computation space; A parallel adder array is used to perform addition operations; An arbitration tree unit is used for parallel priority sorting; A locking module is used to output the calculation results. Parallel speedup: After adopting the projective parallel computing architecture, the total time T_total for macroscopic quantum teleportation is: T_total = T_measure + T_transmit + T_reconstruct + T_merge Compared to the traditional serial solution, the speedup S is: S = T_serial / T_parallel ≈ K · η Where η is the parallel efficiency (0 < η ≤ 1), and K is the number of parallel channels. When K ≥ 1024, the speedup S ≥ 800. Bell state projection measurement: The Bell state projection measurement performed by the k-th PEU projects the quantum state onto one of the following four Bell states: |Φ⁺> = (|00> + |11>) / √2 |Φ⁻> = (|00> - |11>) / √2 |Ψ⁺> = (|01>+ |10>) / √2 |Ψ⁻> = (|01> - |10>) / √2 The measurement result m_k is determined by the following rules: m_k = 00 corresponds to |Φ⁺> m_k = 01 corresponds to |Φ⁻> m_k = 10 corresponds to |Ψ⁺> m_k = 11 corresponds to |Ψ⁻> Macroscopic quantum state fidelity: After employing projective parallel computation, the fidelity F of macroscopic quantum teleportation is: F = F_BSM · F_channel · F_reconstruct · (1 - ε_parallel) Where F_BSM is the Bell state measurement fidelity, F_channel is the quantum channel fidelity (protected by topology protection), F_reconstruct is the quantum state reconstruction fidelity, and ε_parallel is the crosstalk error of parallel processing (determined by the isolation between PEUs). When K ≤ 1024 and crosstalk between each PEU ≤ -60dB, F ≥ 0.95. Task decomposition and load balancing: The decomposition of the macroscopic quantum state employs the following strategy: Equal decomposition: Each PEU is allocated the same number of qubits, M_k = N / K; Non-equivalent decomposition: Allocate different numbers of qubits according to the computing power of each PEU; Dynamic load balancing: Dynamically adjusts task allocation based on the real-time load of each PEU. Topological stability criterion: During operation, the projection geometry control module continuously monitors the rate of change of the projection angle of each PEU. Determine independently whether each PEU is in a stable topological state based on the following criteria: γ_k · ² ≥ |1 − k_k| · |∂C_k / ∂θ_k| · | | · h / 2 When the criterion for any PEU is not met, the independent feedback adjustment of that PEU is triggered, and it is relocked to a stable topological state. Scalability: The number of PEUs K in the projected parallel computing architecture supports the following extensions: Small-scale configuration: K = 16, suitable for medium-scale quantum state transfer; Medium-scale configuration: K = 256, suitable for large-scale quantum state transfer; Large-scale configuration: K ≥ 1024, suitable for macroscopic quantum state transfer. (III) Beneficial Effects Bell state measurement parallel acceleration: K PEUs perform Bell state measurements in parallel, reducing the measurement time to 1 / K of the serial scheme. When K ≥ 1024, the speedup is ≥800. Classical parallel information transmission: K parallel classical channels transmit measurement results simultaneously, eliminating transmission bottlenecks; Quantum state reconstruction parallel acceleration: K PEUs perform unitary operations in parallel, reducing the reconstruction time to 1 / K of the serial scheme; Real-time teleportation of macroscopic quantum states: The total transmission time is reduced from the second / minute level of serial schemes to the millisecond level, approaching real-time transmission; Scalable architecture: Supports flexible expansion from 16 channels to 1024 channels to adapt to quantum state transmission needs of different scales; Topology protection stability: Non-zero topology Chern number protects each PEU from environmental disturbances, and the crosstalk error during parallel processing is ≤-60dB. Attached Figure Description

[0004] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a macroscopic quantum teleportation system based on projective parallel computing, provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of macroscopic quantum state decomposition and parallel task allocation provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the parallel Bell state measurement and quantum state reconstruction process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the projection parallel computing architecture and macroscopic quantum state teleportation control process provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0005] Example 1: Macroscopic Quantum State Parallel Teleportation Based on PPU Step 1: Configure the projection parallel computing architecture Configure K=1024 projection computing units (PEUs), each PEU containing a projection mapping unit, a parallel adder array (N_add=256), an arbitration tree unit, and a locking module. Crosstalk between PEUs is ≤-60dB. Step 2: Macroscopic quantum state decomposition The macroscopic quantum state to be transmitted (N=10) 6 The qubits were decomposed into 1024 subsets, each containing approximately 976 qubits. Each subset was then allocated to a corresponding PEU via a projection geometry control module. Step 3: Parallel Bell state measurement 1024 PEUs perform Bell state measurements in parallel. Each PEU performs a Bell state measurement on its assigned qubits and the corresponding qubits of the shared entanglement pair, recording the measurement result m_k. The total measurement time is approximately 0.5 ms. Step 4: Parallel Classical Information Transmission Each PEU transmits its measurement results to the corresponding PEU at the receiving end via parallel classical channels. 1024 channels transmit in parallel, with a total transmission time of approximately 0.2 ms. Step 5: Parallel quantum state reconstruction The 1024 PEUs at the receiving end perform unitary operations in parallel based on the measurement results to reconstruct the quantum states of each subset. The total reconstruction time is approximately 0.3 ms. Step 6: Macroscopic quantum state synthesis The reconstructed quantum states from 1024 subsets are merged into a complete macroscopic quantum state. The total transmission time is approximately 1 ms, and the fidelity F ≥ 0.95. Example 2: Macroscopic quantum teleportation with dynamic load balancing Step 1: Configure the dynamic load balancing module A dynamic load balancing module is integrated into the system control module to monitor the computing load and status of each PEU in real time. Step 2: Disequilibrium Task Allocation The number of qubits is dynamically allocated based on the real-time computing power of each PEU. High-performance PEUs are allocated more qubits, while low-performance PEUs are allocated fewer qubits, thus achieving load balancing. Step 3: Dynamic Adjustment If a PEU experiences a delay or failure during transmission, the dynamic load balancing module automatically reassigns its tasks to other PEUs to ensure uninterrupted transmission. Step 4: Performance Verification Dynamic load balancing ensures that the load difference between each PEU is ≤10%, and the total transmission time is reduced by 15% compared to the equal distribution scheme. Terminology Explanation

[0006] Terminology Meaning Macroscopic quantum states are the collective quantum states of quantum systems containing a large number of qubits (N ≫ 1). Projection Parallel Computing (PPU) is a parallel computing architecture based on projection geometry control, which executes computational tasks in parallel through multiple projection computing units. The Projection Computation Unit (PEU) is the basic computational unit in the PPU architecture, containing projection mapping, parallel addition, arbitration, and locking functions. Bell state measurement is a quantum measurement operation that projects two qubits onto one of four Bell states. Quantum gate operations (I-gate, X-gate, Z-gate, or combinations thereof) in unitary quantum state reconstruction. Parallel speedup (S) is the ratio of serial execution time to parallel execution time, S ≈ K·η Parallel efficiency (η) is a parameter describing the efficiency of task allocation and communication overhead in parallel computing. 0

Claims

1. Claim 1 (Independent claim, method) A macroscopic quantum teleportation method based on projective parallel computing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Decompose the macroscopic quantum state to be transmitted into K parallel subsets, each subset containing M_k qubits, satisfying ΣM_k = N, where N is the total number of qubits contained in the macroscopic quantum state; (2) Distribute the Bell state measurement tasks of K subsets to K projection computing units for parallel execution. Each projection computing unit performs Bell state measurement on its assigned subset of qubits and records the measurement results m_k. (3) Each projection calculation unit transmits the measurement results to the corresponding projection calculation unit at the receiving end through a parallel classical channel; (4) Each projection calculation unit at the receiving end performs the corresponding unitary operation in parallel according to the received measurement results to reconstruct the quantum state of each subset; (5) Merge the reconstructed quantum states of the K subsets into a complete macroscopic quantum state.

2. Claim 2 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the number of projection calculation units K≥16, each projection calculation unit works independently, and the parallel efficiency η satisfies 0.85 ≤ η ≤ 0.

95.

3. Claim 3 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Bell state measurement described in step (2) projects the quantum state onto one of the four Bell states: |Φ⁺>, |Φ⁻>, |Ψ⁺>, |Ψ⁻>, and the measurement result m_k ∈ {00, 01, 10, 11}.

4. Claim 4 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unitary operation described in step (4) is determined based on the measurement result m_k: when m_k=00, the I gate is executed; when m_k=01, the X gate is executed; when m_k=10, the Z gate is executed; when m_k=11, the X gate is executed followed by the Z gate.

5. Claim 5 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection computing unit includes a projection mapping unit, a parallel adder array, an arbitration tree unit, and a locking module; the number K of the projection computing units supports expansion to three configuration sizes: 16, 256, and 1024.

6. Claim 6 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposition of the macroscopic quantum state adopts at least one strategy among equal decomposition, non-equal decomposition, or dynamic load balancing; the dynamic load balancing dynamically adjusts the task allocation according to the real-time load of each projection computing unit.

7. Claim 7 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel speedup of the method is S = T_serial / T_parallel ≈ K·η, where η is the parallel efficiency, and the speedup S ≥ 800 when K ≥ 1024.

8. Claim 8 (dependent claim) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During operation, the projection geometry control module continuously monitors the rate of change of the projection angle of each projection calculation unit. According to the topological stability criterion γ_k· ² ≥ |1−k_k|·|∂C_k / ∂θ_k|·| |·h / 2 independently determines whether each projection calculation unit is in a stable topological state, and triggers independent feedback adjustment of the unit when the criterion is not met.

9. Claim 9 (Independent claim, system) A macroscopic quantum teleportation system based on projective parallel computing, characterized in that it comprises: A macroscopic quantum state decomposition module is used to decompose the macroscopic quantum state to be transmitted into K parallel subsets; A projected parallel computing array contains K projected computing units, each of which performs Bell state measurement and quantum state reconstruction in parallel on its assigned subset of qubits; A parallel classical communication interface is used for the parallel transmission of measurement results from K channels; A macroscopic quantum state synthesis module is used to merge the reconstructed quantum states of K subsets into a complete macroscopic quantum state; A projection geometry control module is connected to each projection calculation unit and is used to independently control the projection angle of each projection calculation unit through an external field; A system control module is connected to the above modules and is used to coordinate the working timing and parameter configuration of each module.

10. Claim 10 (dependent claim) The system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The system supports expansion to three configuration scales: K=16, K=256, and K=1024. Crosstalk between projection computing units is ≤-60dB, and the end-to-end quantum teleportation fidelity F ≥ 0.95.

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