Material management methods, devices, media and products for rail vehicles

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and provides a method, device, medium, and product for material management of rail vehicles. The method includes: determining a target node for materials used in the assembly of the rail vehicle within a multi-level configuration framework; acquiring the material's coding information, associating the coding information with the target node, and enabling batch traceability attributes for the target node; generating an entity identifier based on the material's coding information, the entity identifier being affixed to the outer surface of the material and supporting location of the target node by reading the entity identifier; collecting the material's history information at each stage of its lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the history information at each stage of the material's lifecycle to the target node. Based on this invention, precise lifecycle management and history traceability of rail vehicle materials can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and in particular to a material management method, device, medium, and product for rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Rail vehicle assembly involves a wide variety of materials throughout the entire lifecycle of the vehicle, including new construction, operation, maintenance, and repair. In related material management systems, the large variety of materials and the lack of effective correlation and recording methods make it difficult to effectively connect material information across different lifecycle stages, resulting in information gaps. This gap makes it difficult to achieve effective cross-stage traceability of materials, and in the event of batch defects, it is difficult to quickly locate the specific location of defective materials and accurately replace them. This not only increases the workload and time cost of maintenance and troubleshooting but also poses a potential negative impact on the operational safety of rail vehicles. Establishing a comprehensive material traceability system can effectively mitigate these impacts; therefore, how to achieve accurate management and traceability of rail vehicle materials throughout their entire lifecycle has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a material management method, device, medium, and product for rail vehicles, which solves the technical problem of how to achieve accurate management and traceability of rail vehicle materials throughout their entire life cycle.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a material management method for rail vehicles, comprising: In the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, the target nodes of the materials are determined; wherein, the materials are used for assembly in the rail vehicle; Obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. Entity identifiers are generated based on the material's coding information; these entity identifiers are placed on the outer surface of the material and can be used to locate the target node by reading the entity identifier. Collect material history information at each stage of its lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and update the material history information at each stage of its lifecycle to the target node.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the target node for materials is determined within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, including: Based on the assembly position of the material in the rail vehicle, the target level is determined in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, and the material detail points are created under the target level. The detailed points of the material are defined as the target nodes of the material.

[0006] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the material coding information is obtained, including any one of the following: Read the material's serial number; use the serial number as the material's coding information, or bind the serial number to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information; Generate a virtual material code for the material; bind the virtual material code to the batch number of the material to obtain the material's coding information.

[0007] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, reading the material's serial number includes: When the material is supplied as a finished product, read the material's serial number; The virtual material code for the generated material includes: When the material is supplied through in-plant processing, a virtual material code is generated for the material.

[0008] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, an entity identifier is generated based on the material's coding information, including any one of the following: Based on the material's coding information, a QR code is generated as an entity identifier; Based on the material's coding information, an RFID tag is generated as the entity identifier.

[0009] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle is collected based on the entity identifier, and the history information at each stage of the material's corresponding lifecycle is updated to the target node, including: In the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's lifecycle, physical identifiers are set on the outer surface of the material, and the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage is collected. Update the material's history information during the pre-assembly preparation phase to the target node.

[0010] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle is collected based on the entity identifier, and the history information at each stage of the material's corresponding lifecycle is updated to the target node, including: During the assembly stage of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the assembly stage is collected by reading the entity identifier. Update the material's history information during the assembly process to the target node.

[0011] Combining the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle is collected based on the entity identifier, and the history information at each stage of the material's corresponding lifecycle is updated to the target node, including: During the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the maintenance phase is collected by reading its physical identifier. Update the material's history information during the maintenance process to the target node.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the material management method for rail vehicles also includes: In the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, if the material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle for assembly, the material's history information is marked as deregistered at the target node by reading the entity identifier. In this process, after the material's history information is marked as deregistered in the target node, the target node is also used to associate new materials.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the material management method for rail vehicles also includes: In the event of the retirement and scrapping of rail vehicles or materials, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials will be generated. The scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials is synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for the corresponding batch of materials in the supplier management system.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the characteristic feature is that the material management method for rail vehicles further includes: Count the number of failures in the batch to which the material belongs; When the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, batch risk warning information for the batch to which the material belongs is generated; Based on batch risk warning information, freeze the inventory of the batch to which the material belongs, and / or push the batch risk warning information to the quality management system.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a material management device for a rail vehicle, comprising: The node determination module is used to determine the target nodes of materials in the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle; wherein the materials are used for assembly in the rail vehicle. The information association module is used to obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. The identifier generation module is used to generate entity identifiers based on the material's coding information; the entity identifiers are used to be set on the outer surface of the material and can be used to locate the target node by reading the entity identifiers. The history update module is used to collect the history information of materials at each stage of their corresponding life cycle based on the entity identifier, and update the history information of materials at each stage of their corresponding life cycle to the target node.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the material management method for rail vehicles of the first aspect.

[0017] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the material management method for rail vehicles of the first aspect.

[0018] The material management method, apparatus, medium, and product for rail vehicles provided in this invention first determine the target node for materials to be assembled on the rail vehicle in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle. Then, the coding information of the material is obtained and associated with the target node, and the batch traceability attribute of the target node is enabled. Then, an entity identifier for setting on the outer surface of the material is generated according to the coding information of the material. The entity identifier can be located to the target node by reading. Finally, the history information of the material in each stage of the corresponding life cycle is collected according to the entity identifier, and the history information of the material in each stage of the corresponding life cycle is updated to the target node. Through the above scheme, since the material has a target node in the multi-level configuration framework, and the coding information is associated with the target node and the batch traceability attribute is enabled, the material has the basis for batch traceability in the configuration system. The entity identifier generated by the coding information is set on the outer surface of the material, establishing a physical connection between the physical material and the target node in the multi-level configuration framework. Then, in each stage of the material's corresponding life cycle, the target node can be located and the history information can be collected and updated by reading the entity identifier. This allows the history information of the material in each stage to be centrally and coherently converged at the target node, breaking the information gap between different life cycle stages, thereby realizing accurate management and history traceability of the entire life cycle of rail vehicle materials. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the material management method for rail vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the material management method for rail vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material management device for rail vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] Rail vehicle assembly involves a wide variety of materials that are used throughout the entire lifecycle of the vehicle, including new construction, operation, maintenance, and repair. In the relevant material management system, the large variety of materials and the lack of effective methods for linking and recording them make it difficult to effectively connect material information across different lifecycle stages, resulting in information gaps.

[0023] Specifically, related technologies typically manage materials in stages through offline record forms or independent information systems. During the new construction phase, material information is usually recorded only through offline record forms. Furthermore, for materials processed within the factory, the lack of standardized coding information prevents their integration into the corresponding rail vehicle configuration framework. During operation and maintenance, information management is usually only applied to materials with serial numbers. For materials without serial numbers, their outer surfaces are often covered by other structures, requiring destructive disassembly to access their information, making real-time material information acquisition difficult. Simultaneously, the traceability formats of materials provided by different suppliers are inconsistent, and data from each lifecycle stage is stored separately without effective integration.

[0024] It is evident that the aforementioned gaps make it difficult to achieve effective cross-stage traceability of materials. In the event of batch defects, it is difficult to quickly locate the specific location of defective materials and accurately replace them. This not only increases the workload and time cost of maintenance and troubleshooting but also poses a potential negative impact on the operational safety of rail vehicles, failing to achieve the regulatory goals of traceable material sources, trackable destinations, traceable processes, and accountability.

[0025] Therefore, how to achieve accurate management and traceability of rail vehicle materials throughout their entire lifecycle has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0026] To address the aforementioned issues, the solution provided by this invention primarily includes: firstly, determining the target node for materials to be assembled on the rail vehicle within the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle; then, acquiring the material's coding information and associating it with the target node, while simultaneously enabling the batch traceability attribute of the target node; next, generating an entity identifier for placement on the outer surface of the material based on the material's coding information, which supports location to the target node through reading; and finally, collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node. Through the above scheme, since the material has a target node in the multi-level configuration framework, and the coding information is associated with the target node and the batch traceability attribute is enabled, the material has the basis for batch traceability in the configuration system. The entity identifier generated by the coding information is set on the outer surface of the material, establishing a physical connection between the physical material and the target node in the multi-level configuration framework. Then, in each stage of the material's corresponding life cycle, the target node can be located and the history information can be collected and updated by reading the entity identifier. This allows the history information of the material in each stage to be centrally and coherently converged at the target node, breaking the information gap between different life cycle stages, thereby realizing accurate management and history traceability of the entire life cycle of rail vehicle materials.

[0027] The following will provide a detailed description of the material management method for rail vehicles provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a material management method for rail vehicles provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method of this embodiment of the invention may include the following steps S101~S104: S101, determine the target node of the material in the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle; wherein, the material is used for assembly in the rail vehicle; S102, Obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. S103, Generate entity identifiers based on the material's coding information; wherein, entity identifiers are used to be set on the outer surface of the material, and support locating the target node by reading the entity identifiers; S104: Collect the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and update the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node.

[0029] Specifically, the first step is to determine the target nodes of materials within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle. Here, "rail vehicle" refers to a transportation vehicle used in a rail transit system to carry passengers or goods; "materials" assembled on the rail vehicle refer to components or materials that constitute the overall structure of the rail vehicle or achieve specific functions, such as cables, pipes, profiles, or connectors. The multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle refers to a tree-structured data model formed by decomposing the rail vehicle according to preset hierarchical rules. The target node of a material within the multi-level configuration framework refers to the smallest unit data node in the framework that represents the assembly position and attribute information of the material; for example, nodes corresponding to the material can be created as target nodes at multiple levels such as vehicle type, vehicle level, wiring harness, and single wire.

[0030] Regarding this step, some possible implementations include matching or creating corresponding data nodes level by level in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle based on the physical topology or functional affiliation of the material within the rail vehicle, and then determining the data node as the target node for the material. Alternatively, by parsing a preset bill of materials, the location node corresponding to the material can be automatically mapped in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle as the target node for the material.

[0031] Furthermore, the material's coding information is obtained, associated with the target node, and the target node's batch traceability attribute is enabled. The material's coding information refers to a combination of characters or numbers used to uniquely identify the material and its batch origin. The batch traceability attribute refers to a data field identifier possessed by the target node used to record and associate data related to material batches. It can be understood that enabling this batch traceability attribute allows the target node to receive and store historical data related to the material batch, thus supporting batch tracking and querying. Without enabling this batch traceability attribute, the target node can only record the static assembly relationship of the material and cannot associate or trace dynamic batch historical data.

[0032] Regarding this step, some possible implementations include receiving material identification data from an external system as the material's coding information, or generating a unique coding information corresponding to the material on-site according to preset coding rules. Subsequently, a mapping relationship is established between the material's coding information and the target node to associate the material's coding information with the target node, and the configuration parameters of the target node are modified to enable the target node's batch traceability attribute.

[0033] Furthermore, an entity identifier is generated based on the material's coding information. This entity identifier refers to a physical medium or graphic symbol that carries the material's coding information and can be recognized by external devices; for example, it can be represented as a QR code, barcode, or RFID tag.

[0034] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material's encoded information can be converted into a machine-readable graphic or symbol, and this graphic or symbol can be used as an entity identifier. Alternatively, the material's encoded information can be written into a wireless communication chip, and this chip can be used as an entity identifier.

[0035] It should be noted that the entity identifier is used to set on the outer surface of the material and supports locating the target node by reading the entity identifier. This means that the entity identifier is physically fixed to the material body, so that the entity identifier and the material form a one-to-one physical binding relationship. When the external reading device scans or senses the entity identifier, it can parse the material's coding information contained therein and perform a search and matching in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle based on the material's coding information. This allows for quick jump or linking to the target node associated with the material's coding information, realizing the connection between the physical material and the target node in the digital configuration framework.

[0036] Furthermore, based on the entity identifier, the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle is collected, and this history information is updated to the target node. Here, "material's corresponding lifecycle" refers to the entire process from production and manufacturing, assembly and deployment, operation and maintenance, to decommissioning and scrapping; "stages" in the corresponding lifecycle refer to the specific business operations or status changes the material undergoes throughout its lifecycle.

[0037] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, when the material flows to each stage of its corresponding life cycle, the identification device can read the entity identifier set on the outer surface of the material to trigger a data acquisition command, obtain the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding life cycle, and write the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding life cycle to the target node in real time or with a delay through network communication, so as to update the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding life cycle to the target node.

[0038] In this embodiment, since the material has a target node in the multi-level configuration framework, and the coded information is associated with the target node and the batch traceability attribute is enabled, the material has the basis for batch traceability in the configuration system. The entity identifier generated by the coded information is set on the outer surface of the material, establishing a physical connection between the physical material and the target node in the multi-level configuration framework. Then, in each stage of the material's life cycle, the target node can be located and the updated history information can be collected by reading the entity identifier. This allows the history information of the material in each stage to be concentrated and coherently gathered at the target node, breaking the information gap between different life cycle stages, thereby realizing the precise management and history traceability of the entire life cycle of rail vehicle materials.

[0039] In one embodiment, the step of "determining the target node of the material in the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle" can be further refined and may include the following steps: Based on the assembly position of the material in the rail vehicle, the target level is determined in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, and the material detail points are created under the target level. The detailed points of the material are defined as the target nodes of the material.

[0040] Specifically, considering that materials have different hierarchical affiliations at different assembly positions, this embodiment proposes a scheme to determine the target node based on the assembly position.

[0041] First, based on the assembly location of the material within the rail vehicle, a target level needs to be determined within the corresponding multi-level configuration framework of the rail vehicle, and material detail points need to be created under the target level. Here, the assembly location refers to the specific installation position of the material within the physical structure or functional system of the rail vehicle; the target level refers to the hierarchical division within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to that assembly location; and the material detail point refers to the data node under the target level used to record the specific attributes and associated information of the material.

[0042] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, hierarchical matching can be performed in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle based on the assembly position of the material in the rail vehicle. The matched level is determined as the target level, and a new data node is created under the target level as the material detail point.

[0043] Furthermore, the detailed points of the material are defined as the target nodes of the material.

[0044] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material detail point created above can be directly bound to the material, and the material detail point can be determined as the target node of the material.

[0045] Taking cables as an example, assuming the cable is assembled at a branch of the wiring harness in a certain car of a rail vehicle, in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, we can search sequentially according to the vehicle type, car level, and wiring harness, and determine the "wiring harness" level as the target level. Under this target level, we can create a material detail point for the cable, and then determine the material detail point as the target node for the cable so that the coding information of the cable can be associated later.

[0046] In this embodiment, a target level is determined within the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle based on the material's assembly position within the rail vehicle. Detailed points of the material are then created at the target level as target nodes, ensuring that the material matches the physical topology of the configuration frame. This method improves the accuracy of material positioning, ensuring that subsequent coding information and batch traceability attributes are accurately associated with the target node, providing node support for updating and tracing historical information.

[0047] In one embodiment, the step "obtaining the material's coding information" can be further refined and may include any one of the following: Read the material's serial number; use the serial number as the material's coding information, or bind the serial number to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information; Generate a virtual material code for the material; bind the virtual material code to the batch number of the material to obtain the material's coding information.

[0048] Specifically, considering that different types of materials may have different identification bases when leaving the factory or during processing, with some materials having unique identifiers while others lack unique identifiers, this embodiment proposes a scheme to obtain the coding information of materials based on the differences in their identification bases.

[0049] On the one hand, the serial number of the material can be read; the serial number can be used as the material's coding information, or the serial number can be bound to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information.

[0050] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material's serial number can be read by scanning or receiving data sent by an external system, and the read material's serial number can be directly used as the material's coding information; or, the material's batch number can be obtained while reading the material's serial number, and the material's serial number and batch number can be associated and bound together, with the combined data after binding used as the material's coding information.

[0051] On the other hand, virtual material codes can be generated for materials; the virtual material codes can be bound to the batch numbers of the materials to obtain the material's coding information.

[0052] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, a code can be automatically assigned to the material according to a preset coding rule as the material's virtual material code. Then, the batch number of the material can be obtained, and the material's virtual material code can be bound to the material's batch number. The combined data after binding can be used as the material's coding information.

[0053] It should be noted that the two optional steps provided in this solution are intended to ensure compatibility with materials based on different identification systems. For materials with their own unique identifiers, their serial numbers can be directly read and reused, avoiding duplicate coding. For materials lacking unique identifiers, a virtual material code is generated and bound to a batch number, enabling them to obtain unique coding information. This design allows the material management system to uniformly cover all types of materials, preventing traceability chain breaks due to some materials lacking serial numbers.

[0054] Taking cables as an example, when finished cables are supplied directly by a supplier, their outer surface is usually printed with a unique serial number. This serial number can be directly read as the material's coding information, or it can be bound to the batch number of that batch of cables to obtain the material's coding information. However, for cables processed in-plant, such as a single cable cut from a reel of cables, it does not have an independent serial number. In this case, the system generates a virtual material code for the material and binds this virtual material code to the batch number, thus assigning material coding information to the cut cable. This enables precise traceability at the single-strand level for in-plant processed materials that would otherwise be excluded from the overall structure, significantly improving the completeness and granularity of material management.

[0055] In this embodiment, material coding information is obtained through two methods: reading the serial number or generating a virtual material code, thus accommodating materials with or without inherent identifiers. This method enables materials lacking serial numbers to generate unique coding information and be incorporated into a multi-level configuration framework, expanding the coverage of batch traceability and providing a unified data foundation for subsequent generation of entity identifiers and updating of history information.

[0056] In one embodiment, the steps of "reading the material's serial number" and "generating the material's virtual material code" described above can be further refined and may include the following steps: When the material is supplied as a finished product, read the material's serial number; When the material is supplied through in-plant processing, a virtual material code is generated for the material.

[0057] Specifically, considering the differences in identification acquisition methods for materials supplied by different methods, materials supplied as finished products usually come with their own inherent identification, while materials processed in-plant lack inherent identification. This embodiment proposes a scheme to select the corresponding identification acquisition strategy based on the material's supply method.

[0058] On the one hand, when the material is supplied as a finished product, the material's serial number is read. Finished product supply refers to a supply method where materials are directly supplied by an external supplier in a final, completed manufacturing state.

[0059] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material supply method can be identified first. When it is determined that the material supply method is finished product supply, the material serial number can be read by scanning equipment or by receiving data from the system.

[0060] On the other hand, when the material supply method is in-plant processing, a virtual material code is generated for the material. In-plant processing refers to a supply method in which the material is processed or cut by the production enterprise using basic materials to form the final assembly state.

[0061] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material supply method can be identified first. When it is determined that the material supply method is in-plant processing, a code is assigned to the material by calling the preset code generation rules, which serves as the virtual material code for generating the material.

[0062] It should be noted that the two optional steps provided in this solution aim to adaptively select the identification acquisition method based on the material's supply method. For materials supplied as finished products, their inherent serial numbers are directly read, avoiding resource waste and identification conflicts caused by duplicate coding. For materials processed within the factory, virtual material codes are proactively generated to compensate for the lack of inherent identification for such materials. This design ensures that effective coding information can be obtained regardless of the material's supply method, thereby achieving unified management and traceability of all types of materials.

[0063] Taking cables as an example, when finished cables are supplied as raw materials, the supply method is finished product supply, and the serial number on the cable's outer packaging or the cable itself can be directly read as the material's serial number. However, for single cables cut from a reel of cables, the supply method is in-factory processing, and these single cables do not have independent serial numbers. In this case, the system generates a virtual material code for the material, enabling even in-factory processed cables to obtain a unique identifier. This allows for precise traceability at the single-cable level for in-factory processed materials that were originally not included in the configuration framework, significantly improving the completeness and granularity of material management.

[0064] In this embodiment, by selecting to read the material's serial number or generate a virtual material code based on the material's supply method, differentiated adaptation of material identification acquisition methods from different sources is achieved. This method reuses the inherent identifiers of finished products while assigning virtual material codes to materials processed within the plant, ensuring that all types of materials can obtain unique coding information. This provides a complete data foundation for subsequent unified association with target nodes and batch traceability.

[0065] In one embodiment, the step "generating entity identifiers based on material coding information" can be further refined and may include any one of the following: Based on the material's coding information, a QR code is generated as an entity identifier; Based on the material's coding information, an RFID tag is generated as the entity identifier.

[0066] Specifically, considering that materials may face different reading environments at different stages of their life cycle, some stages require visual, low-cost identification, while others require non-contact, penetrating reading identification because the materials are covered. This embodiment proposes a scheme to select different types of entity identification generation methods based on actual reading needs.

[0067] On the one hand, QR codes can be generated as entity identifiers based on the material's coding information.

[0068] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material's coding information can be input into a QR code generation algorithm to generate a graphic symbol containing the material's coding information. This graphic symbol is then used as a QR code. Subsequently, the QR code is printed on a label substrate using a printing device, and the label substrate is fixed to the outer surface of the material by pasting or binding, thereby setting the QR code as a physical identifier on the outer surface of the material.

[0069] On the other hand, radio frequency identification tags can be generated as entity identifiers based on the material's coding information.

[0070] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the material's coding information can be written into the storage area of ​​the RFID chip to complete data binding. The RFID chip with the written data can then be encapsulated as an RFID tag. Subsequently, the RFID tag can be fixed to the outer surface of the material by encapsulation, embedding, or pasting, thereby setting the RFID tag as a physical identifier on the outer surface of the material.

[0071] It should be noted that this solution provides the two optional steps mentioned above to adapt to the physical characteristics of different materials and the reading conditions at different stages of their lifecycle. QR codes are low-cost to generate and easy to read visually, making them suitable for exposed materials; RFID tags support contactless penetration reading, making them suitable for materials whose surfaces are covered by other structures. This design allows the generation method of physical identifiers to flexibly adapt to various application scenarios, ensuring stable reading throughout the entire material lifecycle.

[0072] Taking cables as an example, for cables exposed on the surface of the cable harness, a QR code can be generated based on the material's coding information as a physical identifier and placed on the outer surface of the cable so that maintenance personnel can directly scan the code to locate the cable. However, for cables covered by corrugated pipes, floors, or side walls, using QR codes as physical identifiers requires destructive disassembly during maintenance, which is labor-intensive and risky. In this case, an RFID tag can be generated based on the material's coding information and placed on the outer surface of the cable. Maintenance personnel only need to use an RFID reader to sense the cable from outside the covering to penetrate the covering, read the physical identifier, and locate the target node without removing pins or disassembling the cable. This significantly improves the efficiency of history collection and the convenience of traceability in complex assembly environments.

[0073] In this embodiment, a QR code or RFID tag is generated based on the material's coding information and used as a physical identifier. This identifier is then placed on the outer surface of the material, providing both visual and non-contact physical identification methods. This approach allows the material to be located to the target node even in complex assembly or when it is covered, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of material lifecycle history information collection.

[0074] In one embodiment, the above step of "collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node" can be further refined and may include the following steps: In the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's lifecycle, physical identifiers are set on the outer surface of the material, and the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage is collected. Update the material's history information during the pre-assembly preparation phase to the target node.

[0075] Specifically, considering that materials usually need to undergo pre-processing operations such as material cutting and inspection before formal assembly and deployment, if entity identifiers are not bound and history is not collected in a timely manner during the pre-assembly preparation stage, it is easy to cause the materials and data to become disconnected in subsequent stages. This embodiment proposes a solution to bind entity identifiers and collect and update history information synchronously during the pre-assembly preparation stage.

[0076] Firstly, during the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's lifecycle, physical identifiers need to be placed on the material's outer surface, and the material's history information during this stage needs to be collected. The pre-assembly preparation stage refers to the pre-processing phase that the material undergoes before being formally assembled onto the rail vehicle.

[0077] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, when the material flows to the pre-assembly preparation stage in the corresponding life cycle of the material, the entity identifier generated based on the material's coding information is fixed on the outer surface of the material, and the entity identifier is read by the identification device to trigger the data acquisition command, record the operation information generated by the material in the pre-assembly preparation stage, and use this operation information as the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage.

[0078] Furthermore, the material's history information during the pre-assembly preparation phase is updated to the target node.

[0079] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the collected material history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage can be transmitted to the multi-level configuration framework through a communication network. Based on the material coding information associated with the entity identifier, the material history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage is written into the corresponding data node to update the material history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage to the target node.

[0080] It should be noted that this solution involves affixing physical identifiers to the outer surface of materials and collecting their history information during the pre-assembly preparation stage. The aim is to achieve synchronous binding between the physical object and the data, eliminating the risk of errors or omissions caused by the time lag between preprocessing and identifier binding. Data updates are completed at this stage, ensuring that materials have a complete initial history before entering the assembly stage, laying a data foundation for continuous traceability in subsequent stages.

[0081] Taking cables as an example, in the pre-assembly preparation stage of cable processing in the factory, namely the material cutting stage, an RFID tag containing the material's coding information is immediately bound to the outer surface of the cable as a physical identifier after cutting. Simultaneously, operational information such as the cable's cutting length, cutting time, operator, and batch number is collected as the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage. Subsequently, this history information is transmitted back to the system in real time, updating the corresponding target node for that cable. This method ensures that each cable completes the binding of physical identification and digital history before leaving the cutting station, avoiding traceability breaks caused by material confusion or missing identification in subsequent assembly stages.

[0082] In this embodiment, by setting an entity identifier on the outer surface of the material during the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's lifecycle and collecting the material's history information during this stage, and then updating it to the target node, early synchronous binding between the physical material and its configuration data is achieved. This method ensures the integrity and accuracy of the material's initial history, providing a reliable data source for full lifecycle history traceability.

[0083] In one embodiment, the above step of "collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node" can be further refined and may include the following steps: During the assembly stage of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the assembly stage is collected by reading the entity identifier. Update the material's history information during the assembly process to the target node.

[0084] Specifically, considering that the operational information of materials during the assembly process is directly related to their final physical location and assembly quality on the rail vehicle, failure to collect such information in a timely manner will result in missing assembly history. This embodiment proposes a solution to collect and update history information by reading entity identifiers during the assembly process.

[0085] Firstly, it is necessary to collect the material's history information during the assembly stage of its lifecycle by reading its physical identifier. The assembly stage refers to the period in the rail vehicle manufacturing process where the material is actually installed into its designated position.

[0086] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, when the material flows to the assembly stage in the corresponding life cycle of the material, the data acquisition command can be triggered by reading the physical identifier set on the outer surface of the material by scanning or sensing the device, and recording the operation information such as the operator, assembly time, assembly position and quality inspection results of the material during the assembly process. This operation information is used as the material's history information in the assembly stage.

[0087] Furthermore, the material's history information during the assembly process is updated to the target node.

[0088] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the collected material history information in the assembly process can be transmitted to the multi-level configuration framework through a communication network. Based on the coding information of the material associated with the entity identifier, the material history information in the assembly process is written into the corresponding data node to update the material history information in the assembly process to the target node.

[0089] It should be noted that this solution collects history information by reading physical identifiers during the assembly phase. The purpose is to link the physical assembly actions of materials with the history updates in the digital system in real time. Since the actual installation status of materials in the rail vehicle is only determined during the assembly phase, collecting and updating history information at this time ensures that the target nodes in the multi-level configuration framework accurately reflect the latest assembly status of the materials, avoiding traceability deviations caused by assembly misalignment or omissions.

[0090] Taking cables as an example, in the assembly stage of a cable's lifecycle—specifically, the wiring harness and connector insertion stages—assembly personnel use mobile terminals to scan QR codes or RFID tags affixed to the cable's outer surface as physical identifiers. The system then collects information such as the cable's actual assembly location, insertion device number, assembly time, and operator, creating a material history record for the assembly process. This history record is subsequently updated to the corresponding target node for the cable. This allows the system to not only record the cable's material cutting information but also precisely record its final assembly details—which railcar and which wiring harness branch it belongs to—achieving a closed-loop data flow from material cutting to vehicle installation, thus improving the accuracy of the overall vehicle configuration data.

[0091] In this embodiment, by collecting the material's history information during the assembly stage of its lifecycle through reading its entity identifier, and updating this history information to the target node, real-time synchronization between the physical assembly process and digital node data is achieved. This method ensures that the target node can accurately record the final assembly state of the material, providing reliable data support for precise positioning and history traceability during subsequent operation and maintenance phases.

[0092] In one embodiment, the above step of "collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node" can be further refined and may include the following steps: During the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the maintenance phase is collected by reading its physical identifier. Update the material's history information during the maintenance process to the target node.

[0093] Specifically, considering that rail vehicles inevitably require maintenance or troubleshooting during their service, the material handling information during the maintenance phase is an important part of the entire life cycle history. Failure to collect this information in a timely manner will result in gaps in the history. This embodiment proposes a solution to collect and update history information by reading entity identifiers during the maintenance phase.

[0094] Firstly, it is necessary to collect the material's history information during the maintenance phase of its lifecycle by reading its physical identifier. The maintenance phase refers to the stage during which the material undergoes maintenance, troubleshooting, or component replacement while in service with the rail vehicle.

[0095] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, when the material flows to the maintenance stage in the corresponding life cycle of the material, the data acquisition command can be triggered by reading the physical identifier set on the outer surface of the material by scanning or sensing the equipment, and recording the operation information such as maintenance personnel, maintenance time, maintenance reason and handling result of the material during the maintenance process. This operation information is used as the material's history information in the maintenance stage.

[0096] Furthermore, the material's history information during the maintenance process is updated to the target node.

[0097] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the collected material history information during the maintenance process can be transmitted to a multi-level configuration framework via a communication network. Based on the material coding information associated with the entity identifier, the material history information during the maintenance process is written into the corresponding data node to update the material history information during the maintenance process to the target node.

[0098] It should be noted that the maintenance phase is one of the stages in a material's lifecycle where state changes occur most frequently. Traditionally, because materials are often covered by other structures, it is difficult to locate and record them during maintenance, leading to gaps in the maintenance history. This solution collects the history by reading the physical identifier, aiming to quickly identify the material and record maintenance operations without disrupting its existing assembly state, thus ensuring the continuity of the maintenance history.

[0099] Taking cables as an example, during advanced maintenance or fault repair of rail vehicles, cables are typically covered by corrugated pipes or side walls. Maintenance personnel do not need to perform destructive disassembly; they can simply use an RFID reader to sense the RFID tags placed on the cable's outer surface as physical identifiers to obtain the cable's identity information. Based on this, the system collects operational information such as maintenance time, personnel, reasons for maintenance, and results, creating a record of the material's history during the maintenance process, and updates it to the target node. This avoids omissions or errors caused by the inability to read tags in traditional maintenance, ensuring the integrity of the cable's entire lifecycle history.

[0100] In this embodiment, the material's maintenance history information is collected by reading its entity identifier during the maintenance phase of its lifecycle, and this information is then updated to the target node, achieving data synchronization during the material's operation and maintenance phase. This method overcomes the difficulty of collecting maintenance information for covered materials, ensuring that the target node can completely record the material's maintenance status, and providing closed-loop data support for full lifecycle history traceability.

[0101] In one embodiment, the material management method for rail vehicles according to this invention may further include the following steps: In the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, if the material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle for assembly, the material's history information is marked as deregistered at the target node by reading the entity identifier. In this process, after the material's history information is marked as deregistered in the target node, the target node is also used to associate new materials.

[0102] Specifically, considering that materials may be damaged or aged during maintenance and need to be removed and replaced from rail vehicles, if the history of old materials is not marked in the system, the data in the multi-level configuration framework will not match the actual physical state, and the new materials will not be able to effectively take over the data node at that position. This embodiment proposes a solution to cancel the history of old materials by reading the entity identifier and reusing the target node to associate with the new materials.

[0103] First, during the maintenance phase of a material's lifecycle, if the material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle, its history information is marked as deregistered at the target node by reading its physical identifier. Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, during the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, if it is determined that the material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle, the material's coding information is obtained by scanning or sensing the physical identifier on the material's outer surface. This information is then located at the target node within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle. Subsequently, the state parameters of that target node are modified to mark the material's history information as deregistered at the target node.

[0104] Furthermore, after the material's history information is marked as deregistered in the target node, the target node is also used to associate new materials. This means that after the target node completes the deregistration mark for the old material's history, the node itself is not deleted, but rather its association permissions are released, allowing it to receive and bind the coding information of the new material, thereby achieving seamless connection between the physical location node and the new material.

[0105] It should be noted that the above steps provided in this solution aim to simultaneously complete the state change in the digital configuration framework when materials are physically replaced. By marking the history information of the old materials as deregistered, historical traceability data is preserved while avoiding interference between old material data and new material data. At the same time, reusing the target node to associate with the new material ensures the stability and continuity of the position nodes in the configuration framework.

[0106] Taking cables as an example, in the advanced maintenance process of rail vehicles, if a cable malfunctions and needs to be removed from the rail vehicle, maintenance personnel read the physical identifier on the cable's outer surface. The system automatically marks the cable's history information as deregistered in the corresponding target node. Subsequently, when maintenance personnel install a new cable, this target node is directly used to associate the new cable's coding information. This allows the new cable to seamlessly take over the configuration and traceability path of its original location, preserving the historical fault records of the old cable while ensuring the accuracy of the current assembly status.

[0107] In this embodiment, by reading the entity identifier when materials need to be disassembled from the rail vehicle and marking the material's history information as deregistered in the target node, and associating the target node with the new material, seamless data connection is achieved during the material replacement process. This method not only preserves the historical history of the old materials but also ensures the accurate association between the target node and the new materials, guaranteeing the continuity of configuration data and the integrity of traceability.

[0108] In one embodiment, the material management method for rail vehicles according to this invention may further include the following steps: In the event of the retirement and scrapping of rail vehicles or materials, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials will be generated. The scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials is synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for the corresponding batch of materials in the supplier management system.

[0109] Specifically, considering that if rail vehicles or materials are only physically scrapped at the end of their life cycle without data recording and linkage with suppliers, it will lead to resource waste and failure to form a closed-loop management system. This embodiment proposes a solution to generate a scrap list and synchronize it to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process in the case of retirement and scrapping.

[0110] First, in the event of the retirement and scrapping of rail vehicles or materials, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials needs to be generated. Retirement and scrapping refers to the end of the service life of rail vehicles or materials and their entry into the disposal stage; the corresponding batch of materials refers to a set of materials with the same production batch number; and the scrap list is a data set recording the corresponding batch of materials requiring disposal and their related attribute information.

[0111] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, when the retirement and scrapping of rail vehicles or materials are detected, the batch number of the material can be extracted based on the material's coding information and batch traceability attributes recorded in the target node. The batch number can then be used to generate a data form containing the corresponding batch of the material, and this data form can be used as the scrap list for the corresponding batch of the material.

[0112] Furthermore, the scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials is synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for that batch. The supplier management system refers to an external information platform used to manage material supplier information and business collaboration; the recycling process for the corresponding batch of materials refers to the business operation process by which the supplier physically recycles and reuses the waste materials of the corresponding batch based on the received scrap list.

[0113] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the generated scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials can be sent to the supplier management system via a data integration bus or communication interface. After receiving the scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials, the supplier management system parses the batch information and generates a recycling task instruction to trigger the recycling process for the corresponding batch of materials.

[0114] It's important to note that traditional decommissioning and disposal methods often focus solely on physical dismantling, neglecting the centralized recycling and resource regeneration of material batches. This solution, by generating a scrap list upon decommissioning and dismantling and simultaneously sharing it with the supplier management system, aims to streamline the entire material lifecycle, achieving a green closed loop from new manufacturing and maintenance to end-of-life recycling. This helps suppliers understand the final state of the supplied materials and conduct targeted recycling for specific batches, thus realizing resource reuse.

[0115] Taking cables as an example, when rail vehicles are decommissioned or cables are decommissioned due to aging, the system generates a scrap list for the corresponding batch of cables based on the batch number recorded in the target node. Subsequently, this scrap list is synchronized to the supplier management system. Upon receiving the list, the supplier management system automatically triggers a recycling process for that batch of cables, notifying suppliers to conduct targeted recycling of cables containing renewable resources such as copper and aluminum. This allows cables that might otherwise be directly discarded to undergo resource recycling, achieving green closed-loop management throughout the entire material lifecycle.

[0116] In this embodiment, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials is generated upon the retirement and scrapping of rail vehicles or materials, and synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for the corresponding batch of materials. This achieves a data loop and resource recycling linkage throughout the material's end-of-life cycle. This approach breaks down the barriers between material management and the supplier management system, ensuring the effective transmission of material batch information and the reuse of resources during the retirement and scrapping phase.

[0117] In one embodiment, the material management method for rail vehicles according to this invention may further include the following steps: Count the number of failures in the batch to which the material belongs; When the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, batch risk warning information for the batch to which the material belongs is generated; Based on batch risk warning information, freeze the inventory of the batch to which the material belongs, and / or push the batch risk warning information to the quality management system.

[0118] Specifically, considering that materials may fail multiple times due to batch defects during service, if risk control of the batch is not carried out in a timely manner, the defects will expand and affect driving safety. This embodiment proposes a scheme for batch risk warning and control based on failure count statistics.

[0119] First, it is necessary to count the number of failures for each batch of material. The number of failures for a given batch refers to the cumulative number of times a material of the same batch number fails or malfunctions during its lifecycle.

[0120] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, when a material fails and its maintenance history is recorded, its batch number can be extracted based on the material's coding information. Failure events with the same batch number can be accumulated to obtain the number of failures of the batch to which the material belongs.

[0121] Furthermore, when the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, batch risk warning information is generated for the batch to which the material belongs. The preset threshold refers to a pre-set critical number of failures used to determine whether a batch has systemic risk; the batch risk warning information refers to alert data indicating that the batch of material may have batch defects.

[0122] Regarding this step, in some possible implementations, the number of failures of the batch to which the material belongs can be compared with a preset threshold. When it is determined that the number of failures has reached the preset threshold, the warning generation rule is called to generate data containing the batch number and risk level, and this data is used as the batch risk warning information of the batch to which the material belongs.

[0123] Furthermore, based on batch risk warning information, the inventory of the batch to which the material belongs is frozen, and / or the batch risk warning information is pushed to the quality management system. Here, "freezing" refers to the operation of restricting the flow or use of materials; "inventory" refers to the collection of materials in storage; "pushing to" refers to the operation of sending data to a designated system; and "quality management system" refers to an external information platform used to manage product quality data and processing procedures.

[0124] Regarding the steps of freezing the inventory of a batch of materials based on batch risk warning information, in some possible implementations, a lock command can be sent to the warehouse management system based on the generated batch risk warning information of the batch to which the materials belong, changing the status of the inventory of the batch to which the materials belong to unavailable, thereby freezing the inventory of the batch to which the materials belong. After freezing, a re-inspection or isolation process for the inventory of that batch can be further triggered.

[0125] Regarding the steps for pushing batch risk warning information to the quality management system, in some possible implementations, the batch risk warning information of the generated material batch can be sent to the quality management system through a data interface. After the push, the quality management system can initiate quality traceability or supplier corrective action processes based on the batch risk warning information.

[0126] It's important to note that traditional materials management typically focuses only on repairing individual failures, lacking macro-level statistics and early warning systems for the frequency of failures within the same batch of materials. This solution, by statistically analyzing the number of failures and generating batch risk warning information, aims to intervene proactively before batch defects escalate. Freezing the inventory of the batch to which the material belongs prevents defective materials from being assembled and used further, while pushing the batch risk warning information to the quality management system triggers in-depth root cause analysis of quality issues, thus achieving a shift from reactive maintenance to proactive risk management.

[0127] Taking cables as an example, when a batch of cables processed in a particular factory experiences insulation failure on multiple trains, the system counts the number of failures for that batch. When this number of failures reaches a preset threshold, the system generates a batch risk warning for that batch of cables. Subsequently, based on this batch risk warning, the system automatically freezes the unused inventory of that batch of cables in the warehouse to prevent it from being loaded onto trains. Simultaneously, the system pushes the batch risk warning to the quality management system, which, upon receiving it, initiates a supplier corrective action process for that batch of cables, requiring the supplier to investigate raw material or process issues. This effectively prevents the spread of batch defects and improves the overall safety of train operation.

[0128] In this embodiment, by counting the number of failures in a batch of materials, and generating batch risk warning information for the batch when the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, the inventory of the batch is frozen and / or the batch risk warning information is pushed to the quality management system, thus achieving proactive identification of material batch risks and multi-system coordinated control. This method effectively prevents the continued use of defective batches and triggers quality traceability and improvement, enhancing the security and foresight of material management.

[0129] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall process of the material management method for rail vehicles provided in this embodiment of the invention. Specifically, this embodiment uses cables as an example to provide an overall description of the material management method for rail vehicles.

[0130] First, the target nodes of materials are determined within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle. This multi-level configuration framework decomposes the rail vehicle into multiple levels, including vehicle type, vehicle level, wiring harness, and individual cable. Based on the cable's assembly position within the rail vehicle, hierarchical matching is performed within the multi-level configuration framework to determine the target level. Under this target level, material detail points are created, and these detail points are designated as the target nodes for the cables.

[0131] Next, the material's coding information is obtained. If the cable is supplied as a finished product (including finished cables and internal cables from purchased components), the cable's serial number is read and used as the material's coding information, or the serial number is bound to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information. If the cable is supplied through in-plant processing, a virtual material code is generated and bound to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information. Subsequently, the material's coding information is associated with the target node, and the target node's batch traceability attribute is enabled, allowing the target node to receive and store historical data related to that cable batch.

[0132] Then, entity identifiers are generated based on the material's coding information. For cables exposed on the surface of the cable harness, a QR code can be generated as an entity identifier based on the coding information; for cables covered by corrugated pipes, flooring, or sidewalls, an RFID tag can be generated as an entity identifier based on the coding information. The entity identifiers are then placed on the outer surface of the cable, establishing a physical connection between the physical material and the target node in the multi-level configuration framework.

[0133] Furthermore, based on the entity identifier, the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle is collected and updated to the target node. In the pre-assembly preparation stage, i.e., the material cutting stage, entity identifiers are placed on the cable's outer surface, and history information such as the cable's cutting length, cutting time, operator, and batch number is collected through a structured cutting table and updated to the target node. This stage supports offline caching and online verification via mobile terminals to ensure data is not lost in the event of network failure. In the assembly stage, i.e., the wiring harness and connector insertion stage, the actual assembly position, assembly time, and quality inspection results of the cable are collected by reading the entity identifier or sensing the device and updated to the target node. Before the rail vehicle is completed, integrity verification can be performed based on the history data in the target node; if the integrity is not met, the vehicle is prohibited from leaving the factory, ensuring the accuracy of the configuration data. During the maintenance phase, including routine maintenance, advanced maintenance, or fault repair, maintenance personnel can collect historical information such as maintenance time, maintenance personnel, maintenance reasons, and handling results by sensing radio frequency identification tags on the outside of the covering material through explosion-proof mobile terminals and other reading devices without destructive disassembly, and update it to the target node.

[0134] Furthermore, during maintenance, if cables need to be removed from rail vehicles for assembly (including pin removal, wire replacement, etc.), the cable's history information is marked as deregistered in the target node by reading the entity identifier. The target node then releases its associated permissions to associate with new materials, achieving seamless connection and breakpoint continuation of the old and new histories. In the case of rail vehicle or cable decommissioning and scrapping, a scrap list for the corresponding cable batch is generated based on the batch number recorded in the target node. This scrap list is synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for that batch of cables, enabling resource reuse. Simultaneously, the number of failures for the cable batch is counted. If the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, a batch risk warning is generated. Based on this warning, the inventory of that batch of cables in the warehouse is frozen, and / or the batch risk warning is pushed to the quality management system to initiate quality traceability or supplier corrective action processes.

[0135] During the data transmission and update processes at each of the aforementioned stages, bidirectional data synchronization between the multi-level configuration framework and various business systems can be achieved through a data integration bus. This ensures that configuration, process, history, and quality inspection data are from the same source, and data security is guaranteed through hardware-level encryption / decryption and data anonymization. Finally, a graphical interface can be used to display the dual-chain traceability of the destination and origin of any batch of cables with a single click, achieving second-level bidirectional traceability.

[0136] In one embodiment, the material management method for rail vehicles according to this invention can be executed collaboratively by multiple functional modules, including: a configuration management module, a process design module, a new manufacturing execution module, an operation and maintenance update module, a batch history database, a data integration bus, and an access control and security module. The following uses cables as an example to provide an overall description of the material management method for rail vehicles.

[0137] First, the configuration management module determines the target nodes of materials within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle. Specifically, based on the material's assembly position within the rail vehicle, the target level is determined within the multi-level configuration framework, and material detail points are created under the target level, which are then designated as the material's target nodes. Next, the configuration management module obtains the material's coding information. When the cable is supplied as a finished product, the material's serial number is read and used as the material's coding information, or the serial number is bound to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information. When the cable is supplied through in-plant processing, a virtual material code is generated, and this virtual material code is bound to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information. Subsequently, the material's coding information is associated with the target nodes, and the batch traceability attribute of the target nodes is enabled. Further, the configuration management module generates entity identifiers based on the material's coding information. For exposed cables, a QR code is generated as the entity identifier; for covered cables, an RFID tag is generated as the entity identifier, which is then affixed to the outer surface of the material.

[0138] In the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's lifecycle, a structured material preparation table is created using the process design module. This table includes attribute information such as cable number, cable type, starting and ending equipment, length, and batch number. Using the new manufacturing execution module, entity identifiers are set on the outer surface of the materials during the pre-assembly preparation stage, and the material's history information during this stage is collected and updated to the target node. This stage supports offline caching and online verification via mobile terminals to ensure no data loss. In the assembly stage of the material's lifecycle, the new manufacturing execution module collects the material's history information during the assembly stage by reading the entity identifiers and updates it to the target node. Before the rail vehicle is completed, integrity verification is performed based on the history data in the target node; vehicles failing to meet integrity standards are prohibited from leaving the factory.

[0139] During the maintenance phase of a material's lifecycle, the operation and maintenance update module collects the material's history information during maintenance by reading its entity identifier and updates it to the target node. If a material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle for assembly, its history information is marked as deregistered in the target node by reading its entity identifier. The target node then releases its associated permissions to associate with new materials, achieving a seamless transition between old and new histories. The history information of the aforementioned target nodes and their associated phases is centrally stored in a batch history database, supporting reverse lookup of material destinations and origins by batch number.

[0140] In the event of rail vehicle decommissioning or material decommissioning, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials is generated via the data integration bus and synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for that batch. Simultaneously, the data integration bus counts the number of failures for each batch of materials. When the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, a batch risk warning is generated. Based on this warning, the inventory of that batch is frozen, and / or the warning is pushed to the quality management system. During the collaborative execution and data interaction of these modules, the entire data stream is encrypted and anonymized via the access control and security modules to ensure the security of the historical data.

[0141] The following will combine Figure 3 The material management device 800 for rail vehicles provided in this embodiment of the invention will be described in detail. The material management device 800 for rail vehicles can be referred to in correspondence with the material management method for rail vehicles described above. Specifically, the material management device 800 for rail vehicles may include a node determination module 810, an information association module 820, an identifier generation module 830, and a history update module 840, as detailed below: The node determination module 810 is used to determine the target node of the material in the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle; wherein the material is used to assemble in the rail vehicle. The information association module 820 is used to obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. The identifier generation module 830 is used to generate entity identifiers based on the material's coding information; wherein, the entity identifier is used to be set on the outer surface of the material, and supports locating the target node by reading the entity identifier; The history update module 840 is used to collect the history information of the material at each stage of the corresponding life cycle based on the entity identifier, and update the history information of the material at each stage of the corresponding life cycle to the target node.

[0142] Optionally, in some embodiments, the node determination module 810 may be used to: Based on the assembly position of the material in the rail vehicle, the target level is determined in the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, and the material detail points are created under the target level. The detailed points of the material are defined as the target nodes of the material.

[0143] Optionally, in some embodiments, the information association module 820 can be used to: Read the material's serial number; use the serial number as the material's coding information, or bind the serial number to the material's batch number to obtain the material's coding information; Generate a virtual material code for the material; bind the virtual material code to the batch number of the material to obtain the material's coding information.

[0144] Optionally, in some embodiments, the information association module 820 can be used to: When the material is supplied as a finished product, read the material's serial number; When the material is supplied through in-plant processing, a virtual material code is generated for the material.

[0145] Optionally, in some embodiments, the identifier generation module 830 can be used to: Based on the material's coding information, a QR code is generated as an entity identifier; Based on the material's coding information, an RFID tag is generated as the entity identifier.

[0146] Optionally, in some embodiments, the resume update module 840 can be used to: In the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's lifecycle, physical identifiers are set on the outer surface of the material, and the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage is collected. Update the material's history information during the pre-assembly preparation phase to the target node.

[0147] Optionally, in some embodiments, the resume update module 840 can be used to: During the assembly stage of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the assembly stage is collected by reading the entity identifier. Update the material's history information during the assembly process to the target node.

[0148] Optionally, in some embodiments, the resume update module 840 can be used to: During the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the maintenance phase is collected by reading its physical identifier. Update the material's history information during the maintenance process to the target node.

[0149] Optionally, in some embodiments, the material management device 800 of the rail vehicle can be used for: In the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, if the material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle for assembly, the material's history information is marked as deregistered at the target node by reading the entity identifier. In this process, after the material's history information is marked as deregistered in the target node, the target node is also used to associate new materials.

[0150] Optionally, in some embodiments, the material management device 800 of the rail vehicle can be used for: In the event of the retirement and scrapping of rail vehicles or materials, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials will be generated. The scrap list for the corresponding batch of materials is synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for the corresponding batch of materials in the supplier management system.

[0151] Optionally, in some embodiments, the material management device 800 of the rail vehicle can be used for: Count the number of failures in the batch to which the material belongs; When the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, batch risk warning information for the batch to which the material belongs is generated; Based on batch risk warning information, freeze the inventory of the batch to which the material belongs, and / or push the batch risk warning information to the quality management system.

[0152] For the effects achievable in this embodiment, please refer to the relevant embodiments of the material management method for rail vehicles mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0153] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can perform the steps of the material management method for rail vehicles provided in the above embodiments, such as including: In the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, the target nodes of the materials are determined; wherein, the materials are used for assembly in the rail vehicle; Obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. Entity identifiers are generated based on the material's coding information; these entity identifiers are placed on the outer surface of the material and can be used to locate the target node by reading the entity identifier. Collect material history information at each stage of its lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and update the material history information at each stage of its lifecycle to the target node.

[0154] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer program is used to cause a processor to execute the steps of the methods provided in the above embodiments, including, for example: In the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle, the target nodes of the materials are determined; wherein, the materials are used for assembly in the rail vehicle; Obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. Entity identifiers are generated based on the material's coding information; these entity identifiers are placed on the outer surface of the material and can be used to locate the target node by reading the entity identifier. Collect material history information at each stage of its lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and update the material history information at each stage of its lifecycle to the target node.

[0155] Non-transitory computer-readable storage media can be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a processor, including but not limited to magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical storage (e.g., CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor storage (e.g., ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND flash), solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0156] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0157] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0158] All actions involving the acquisition of signal information or data in this invention are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the device is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the device.

[0159] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for material management of a rail vehicle, characterized in that, include: In the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle, the target node of the material is determined; wherein, the material is used for assembly in the rail vehicle; Obtain the material's coding information, associate the material's coding information with the target node, and enable the target node's batch traceability attribute; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material; An entity identifier is generated based on the material's coding information; wherein, the entity identifier is used to be set on the outer surface of the material, and supports locating the target node by reading the entity identifier; Collect the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and update the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node.

2. The material management method of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of target nodes for materials within the multi-level configuration framework corresponding to the rail vehicle includes: Based on the assembly position of the material in the rail vehicle, a target level is determined in the multi-level configuration frame corresponding to the rail vehicle, and material detail points are created under the target level. The material details are defined as the target nodes of the material.

3. The material management method of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, Obtaining the coding information of the material includes any one of the following: Read the serial number of the material; use the serial number as the coding information of the material, or bind the serial number with the batch number of the material to obtain the coding information of the material; Generate a virtual material code for the material; The virtual material code of the material is bound to the batch number of the material to obtain the material's coding information.

4. The material management method of a rail vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, Reading the serial number of the material includes: If the material is supplied as a finished product, read the material's serial number; The generation of the virtual material code for the material includes: When the supply method of the material is in-plant processing, a virtual material code for the material is generated.

5. The method of material management of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, The step of generating an entity identifier based on the material's coding information includes any one of the following: Based on the material's coding information, a QR code is generated as the entity identifier; Based on the material's coding information, an RFID tag is generated as the entity identifier.

6. The method of material management of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, The step of collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node, includes: In the pre-assembly preparation stage of the material's life cycle, the entity identifier is set on the outer surface of the material, and the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage is collected. Update the material's history information in the pre-assembly preparation stage to the target node.

7. The method of material management of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, The step of collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node, includes: During the assembly stage of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the assembly stage is collected by reading the entity identifier. The material's history information in the assembly process is updated to the target node.

8. The railcar material management method of claim 1, wherein, The step of collecting the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle based on the entity identifier, and updating the material's history information at each stage of its corresponding lifecycle to the target node, includes: During the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, the material's history information during the maintenance phase is collected by reading the entity identifier. The material's history information during the maintenance process is updated to the target node.

9. The material management method of a rail vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material management method for the rail vehicle also includes: During the maintenance phase of the material's lifecycle, if the material needs to be removed from the rail vehicle, the material's history information is marked as deregistered at the target node by reading the entity identifier. Wherein, after the material's history information is marked as deregistered in the target node, the target node is also used to associate new materials.

10. The material management method for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material management method for the rail vehicle also includes: In the event of the retirement and scrapping of the rail vehicle or the retirement and scrapping of the material, a scrap list for the corresponding batch of the material is generated; The scrap list for the corresponding batch of the material is synchronized to the supplier management system to trigger the recycling process for the corresponding batch of the material in the supplier management system.

11. The material management method for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The material management method for the rail vehicle also includes: Count the number of failures in the batch to which the material belongs; If the number of failures reaches a preset threshold, batch risk warning information for the batch to which the material belongs will be generated; Based on the batch risk warning information, freeze the inventory of the batch to which the material belongs, and / or push the batch risk warning information to the quality management system.

12. A material management device for a rail vehicle, characterized in that, include: A node determination module is used to determine the target node of a material in a multi-level configuration frame corresponding to a rail vehicle; wherein the material is used for assembly in the rail vehicle. The information association module is used to obtain the coding information of the material, associate the coding information of the material with the target node, and enable the batch traceability attribute of the target node; wherein, the batch traceability attribute is used to enable batch traceability of the material. The identifier generation module is used to generate entity identifiers based on the material's coding information; wherein, the entity identifier is used to be set on the outer surface of the material, and supports locating the target node by reading the entity identifier; The history update module is used to collect the history information of the material at each stage of its corresponding life cycle based on the entity identifier, and update the history information of the material at each stage of its corresponding life cycle to the target node.

13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the material management method for the rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the material management method for the rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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