A power receiving device, charging system, and automobile

Abstract

This application discloses a power receiving device, a charging system, and an automobile, relating to the field of automatic charging technology. The power receiving device includes a guide seat, a power receiving seat, and a connecting mechanism. The guide seat is fixedly connected to the chassis, and the power receiving seat is disposed above the guide seat and movably mounted on the guide seat through the connecting mechanism, having an initial position and a charging docking position. The connecting mechanism includes a limiting engagement member and a resetting member. The limiting engagement member is disposed between the power receiving seat and a support member, and engages with the power receiving seat and / or the support member in a limiting engagement manner. The support member is the guide seat or the chassis. The resetting member provides flexible constraint on the movement of the power receiving seat from the initial position to the charging docking position, and allows the guide seat to undergo relative displacement with the chassis along the direction closer to the power receiving seat during charging docking. This application is beneficial for improving the adaptability and connection stability of the charging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automatic charging technology, and in particular to a power receiving device, a charging system, and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automatic charging for new energy vehicles, the bottom-mounted charging solution has received widespread attention due to its advantages such as no need for manual intervention and strong adaptability.

[0003] Existing automotive under-floor power receiving devices typically include a guide component for facilitating the docking of the charging plug and a receiving component for mounting the receiving electrodes. During charging, the ground-based charging equipment drives the charging plug upwards, guiding it into the guide component and aligning the electrodes on the charging plug with the receiving electrodes in the receiving component. After docking, it is generally desirable for the charging plug, charging arm, and related connecting structures to remain stable, ensuring reliable contact between the electrodes on the charging plug and the receiving electrodes.

[0004] However, the inventors discovered during actual use that in high-frequency charging scenarios such as public charging stations and logistics parks, the stability of the charging plug, charging arm, and related connecting structures during the charging process is not as expected, and phenomena such as loose connections, component deformation, wear, and even damage are prone to occur. At the same time, misalignment, unstable contact, or accidental disconnection may also occur between the electrodes on the charging plug and the receiving electrodes, which can lead to problems such as charging interruption, electric arcing, or electrode ablation, affecting the continuity and safety of the charging process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a power receiving device, a charging system, and an automobile that can improve the adaptability of the power receiving device at the bottom of the automobile during the charging process, thereby improving the stability of the charging plug, charging arm, and related connection structures, and maintaining reliable connection between the electrodes on the charging plug and the power receiving electrodes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a power receiving device applied to an automobile, the automobile including a vehicle body and a chassis disposed on the vehicle body, the power receiving device including: The guide seat is fixedly connected to the chassis; The power receiving base is located above the guide base; The connecting mechanism allows the power receiving base to be movably mounted on the guide seat. The power receiving base has a first position and at least one second position relative to the guide seat in the upward direction, wherein the first position is the initial position and the second position is the charging docking position. The connecting mechanism includes: A limiting fitting is provided between the power receiving base and the support member, and engages with the power receiving base and / or the support member to limit the relative misalignment between the power receiving base and the support member, wherein the support member is a guide seat or a chassis; The reset element provides flexible constraint on the movement of the power receiver relative to the guide seat from a first position to a second position, and allows the guide seat to undergo relative displacement with the chassis in a direction close to the power receiver when the power receiver is in the second position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the guide seat has at least one third position in a direction away from and downward from the power receiving seat, and when the power receiving seat is in the second position, the reset member allows the guide seat to move with the chassis in a direction away from and downward from the power receiving seat to the third position; During the movement of the guide seat relative to the power receiving seat to the third position, and while in the third position, the limiting mating component continuously restricts the relative misalignment between the power receiving seat and the guide seat.

[0008] In some embodiments, the limiting fitting is fixed relative to one of the power receiving seat and the guide seat, and is movable relative to the other; the end of the limiting fitting that protrudes from the other is provided with a stop portion, which is located on the side of the other that is away from the first; when the power receiving seat is in the first position and the second position respectively, the stop portion and the other have a first gap and a second gap respectively along the movement direction of the power receiving seat relative to the guide seat, the second gap being smaller than the first gap and greater than zero; The third position includes a stop position, in which the stop part abuts against another when the guide seat is in the stop position.

[0009] In some embodiments, one end of the limiting fitting is fixedly connected to the guide seat, the power receiving seat is provided with a connecting hole, the limiting fitting passes through the connecting hole, and the power receiving seat is movably limited between the guide seat and the stop portion, so that the power receiving seat, the guide seat and the connecting mechanism constitute a structure that can be integrally installed on the chassis.

[0010] In some embodiments, the reset member is an elastic compression member sleeved on the limiting fitting member, and the elastic compression member abuts against the stop portion and the power receiving base. When the power receiving base is in the first position, the elastic compression member has a first compression amount; when the power receiving base is in the second position, the elastic compression member has a second compression amount, and the second compression amount is greater than the first compression amount. The second compression amount is less than the maximum compression amount of the elastic compression member, so that the elastic compression member retains the stroke of continued compression when the power receiving seat is in the second position, allowing the guide seat to generate relative displacement with the chassis in a direction away from the power receiving seat and downward.

[0011] In some embodiments, the limiting fitting includes a column that passes through a connecting hole; in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the column, at least a portion of the outer contour of the column has a gap with the wall of the connecting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the column has a first mating section, a guide section and a second mating section in sequence along the direction away from the guide seat. The outer contour dimension of the first mating section is larger than that of the second mating section. The first mating section is tightly fitted with the connecting hole, and there is a gap between the second mating section and the connecting hole. The outer contour dimension of the guide section gradually decreases along the direction away from the guide seat. When the power receiving base is in the first position, the connecting hole mates with the first mating section; when the power receiving base is in the second position, the connecting hole mates with the second mating section.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power receiver is provided with a locking mechanism, which includes a locking member movably disposed on the power receiver and configured to engage with the charging plug when the power receiver is in a second position to restrict the movement of the charging plug in the direction of disengagement from the power receiver.

[0014] In some embodiments, the guide seat has a guide portion for engaging with a charging plug, the guide portion defining the direction of force applied by the charging plug to the receiving seat as a first direction; the number of limiting mating members is two, the two limiting mating members are arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the receiving socket is configured to move from a first position to a second position under the lifting action of the charging plug, and in the second position maintain an elastic pressing tendency toward the charging plug by a reset member.

[0016] This application also provides a charging system, including an on-board unit and a ground unit. The on-board unit includes a power receiving device as described above, and the ground unit includes a charging plug and a lifting device. The charging plug is connected to the lifting device, and the lifting device is used to drive the charging plug to move toward the power receiving device so that the charging plug docks with the power receiving socket of the power receiving device.

[0017] This application also provides an automobile, including a vehicle body and a chassis disposed on the vehicle body, wherein an electrical receiving device as described above is installed on the chassis.

[0018] Compared to the background technology described above, the power receiving device provided in this application is applied to an automobile. The automobile includes a vehicle body and a chassis mounted on the vehicle body. The power receiving device includes a guide seat, a power receiving seat, and a connecting mechanism. The guide seat is fixedly connected to the chassis; the power receiving seat is located above the guide seat; the power receiving seat is movably mounted on the guide seat via the connecting mechanism. The power receiving seat has a first position and at least one second position relative to the guide seat in an upward direction, wherein the first position is an initial position and the second position is a charging docking position. Further, the connecting mechanism includes a limiting engagement member and a resetting member. The limiting engagement member is located between the power receiving seat and a support member, and engages with the power receiving seat and / or the support member to limit relative misalignment between the power receiving seat and the support member, wherein the support member is the guide seat or the chassis; the resetting member provides flexible constraint on the movement of the power receiving seat relative to the guide seat from the first position to the second position, and allows the guide seat to undergo relative displacement with the chassis along a direction closer to the power receiving seat when the power receiving seat is in the second position.

[0019] The beneficial effects of such a power receiving device mainly include: This application fixes the guide seat to the vehicle chassis and allows the receiving seat to be movably mounted on the guide seat via a connecting mechanism. In this case, the receiving seat can be displaced relative to the guide seat in the upward direction, i.e., the receiving seat has a first position (i.e., the initial position) and at least one second position (i.e., the charging docking position). The connecting mechanism includes a limiting engagement member and a resetting member. The limiting engagement member limits the relative misalignment between the receiving seat and the support member by limiting engagement with at least one of the receiving seat and the support member (guide seat or chassis), so as to ensure stable displacement of the receiving seat relative to the guide seat (or chassis) in the direction from the first position to the second position. The resetting member provides flexible constraint on the movement of the receiving seat relative to the guide seat from the first position to the second position, and allows the guide seat to generate relative displacement with the chassis in the direction close to the receiving seat when the receiving seat is in the second position. With this power receiving device structure, the vehicle can maintain normal and stable operation even without charging docking. During charging docking, the fixation of the guide seat to the chassis and the reinforcement of the connecting mechanism ensure a stable docking between the power receiving unit and the charging plug. During this process, the power receiving unit moves relative to the guide seat (or chassis) from a first position (initial position) to a second position (charging docking position) under the influence of the charging plug. This allows space for upward displacement of the guide seat (or chassis). Therefore, even if the chassis dynamically shifts upward during charging due to factors such as passengers getting out or unloading, it will not exert a significant force on the power receiving unit. Consequently, the force transmitted through the power receiving unit to the charging plug, charging arm, and related connecting structures is small, thus minimizing the impact on their stability. Furthermore, because the displacement of the vehicle chassis has a minimal impact on the power receiving unit and charging plug, the possibility of displacement between them is reduced, ensuring a relatively stable positional relationship between the electrodes and preventing problems such as charging interruption, arcing, and electrode erosion during charging. Therefore, compared with the prior art, this application can improve the stability of the charging plug, charging arm and related connection structure while ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle and stable charging connection, reduce the possibility of component deformation, wear or damage during charging, extend their service life, and at the same time improve charging safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram showing the power receiving device and the charging plug in an unconnected state in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the power receiving device and the charging plug in a plugged-in state in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power receiving device, charging plug, and lifting device in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the charging process. Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 6 A diagram illustrating the charging process. Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 7 This diagram shows the power receiver and charging plug in a locked state.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the disengagement of the charging plug from the locking mechanism.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the sealing cap from the locking element.

[0030] in: 1-Power receiving device; 10-Power receiver; 11-Limiting cavity; 12-Rotating shaft; 13-Limiting boss; 14-Power receiver cavity; 15-Connecting hole; 20-Rotating component; 21-Rotating part; 22-Extension; 23-Guide post; 24-Guide groove; 30 - Locking element; 31 - Contact end; 32 - Guide structure; 40 - First elastic element; 50 - Second elastic element; 61-Sealing cap; 611-First guide slope; 62-Third elastic element; 63-Sealing ring; 70 - Guide seat; 71 - Guide section; 80 - Charging plug; 81 - Lock hole; 82 - Second guide slope; 90 - Lifting device; 100 - Limiting and fitting component; 101 - Column; 1011 - First fitting section; 1012 - Second fitting section; 1013 - Guide section; 110 - Reset component; 120-chassis; 1000-Vehicle Unit; 2000-Ground Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] See Figures 1 to 3 The power receiving device provided in this application embodiment is applied to an automobile. The automobile includes a vehicle body and a chassis 120 disposed on the vehicle body. The power receiving device includes a guide seat 70, a power receiving seat 10, and a connecting mechanism.

[0034] The guide seat 70 is fixedly connected to the chassis 120; the power receiving seat 10 is located above the guide seat 70; the power receiving seat 10 is movably mounted on the guide seat 70 through a connecting mechanism, and the power receiving seat 10 has a first position and at least one second position relative to the guide seat 70 in the upward direction, wherein the first position is the initial position and the second position is the charging docking position.

[0035] It should be noted that in this application, the orientation of the car when it is normally parked on the ground is used as a reference, and "up" and "down" are mainly used to indicate the relative positional relationship along the height of the car. The first position of the receiving socket 10 relative to the guide seat 70 is the initial position when it has not completed charging docking with the charging plug 80, and the second position is the charging docking position formed after the receiving socket 10 moves upward relative to the guide seat 70 under the lifting action of the charging plug 80. The second position can correspond to one or more positions within the allowable docking stroke.

[0036] The connecting mechanism includes a limiting engagement member 100 and a resetting member 110. The limiting engagement member 100 is disposed between the power receiving base 10 and the support member, and engages with at least one of the power receiving base 10 and the support member to limit relative misalignment between the power receiving base 10 and the support member, wherein the support member is a guide seat 70 or a chassis 120. The resetting member 110 provides flexible constraint on the movement of the power receiving base 10 relative to the guide seat 70 from a first position to a second position, and allows the guide seat 70 to undergo relative displacement with the chassis 120 in a direction close to the power receiving base 10 when the power receiving base 10 is in the second position.

[0037] The so-called limitation of relative misalignment mainly limits the lateral offset and / or tilt deviation of the power receiving seat 10 relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120 to within the allowable range, and does not exclude the small range of floating gaps reserved to absorb changes in vehicle attitude.

[0038] As an example of this application: In order to reduce the impact of the vertical displacement of the vehicle chassis 120 on the charging plug 80, the lifting device 90 and the electrode connection status after the charging plug 80 is connected, this embodiment sets the floating boundary between the receiving seat 10 and the guide seat 70, and uses the guide seat 70 as a support member for forming a limiting fit with the receiving seat 10.

[0039] The guide seat 70 is used for fixed installation on the chassis 120 of the vehicle. The guide seat 70 can be connected to the chassis 120 by fasteners, so that the guide seat 70 moves as a whole with the chassis 120 during normal vehicle use; the guide seat 70 also forms a guide portion 71 for cooperating with the charging plug 80, and the guide portion 71 is located on the path of the charging plug 80 into the power receiving device 1. The guide portion 71 gradually narrows along the insertion direction of the charging plug 80, thereby guiding the charging plug 80 as it moves upward.

[0040] The power receiving base 10 is disposed above the guide seat 70. The power receiving base 10 is provided with a power receiving interface for completing electrical connection with the charging plug 80. The power receiving interface may include conductive structures such as power receiving electrodes.

[0041] By adopting the above-described configuration, and by primarily arranging the guiding function in the guide seat 70 and fixing the guide seat 70 to the chassis 120, the position can be aligned before the charging plug 80 contacts the receiving seat 10. This ensures that the force subsequently exerted by the charging plug 80 on the receiving seat 10 is transmitted mainly along a predetermined first direction, which helps to reduce the additional load on the receiving seat 10 and related connecting structures caused by force misalignment. This first direction can be the axial direction of the receiving seat 10 or the guide seat 70.

[0042] The receiving seat 10 is movably mounted on the guide seat 70 via a connecting mechanism. The connecting mechanism limits lateral misalignment of the receiving seat 10 relative to the guide seat 70 beyond permissible limits, while allowing the receiving seat 10 to move a predetermined distance relative to the guide seat 70 along the vehicle height direction. When not charging, the receiving seat 10 is in the first position; after the charging plug 80 rises upwards and contacts the receiving seat 10, the receiving seat 10 can move upwards relative to the guide seat 70 to the second position under the continued upward action of the charging plug 80. Because this relative movement distance is maintained between the receiving seat 10 and the guide seat 70, the receiving seat 10 does not need to maintain rigid synchronous displacement with the chassis 120 after docking, thus providing a buffer space for chassis 120 movement caused by vehicle suspension compression and rebound.

[0043] The connecting mechanism includes a limiting fitting 100 and a resetting member 110. In this embodiment, one end of the limiting fitting 100 is fixed relative to the guide seat 70. The receiving seat 10 is provided with a connecting hole 15, and the limiting fitting 100 passes through the connecting hole 15 and can move axially relative to the connecting hole 15. A stop portion is provided at one end of the limiting fitting 100 that protrudes from the receiving seat 10. The stop portion is located on the side of the receiving seat 10 away from the guide seat 70, so that the receiving seat 10 is movably restricted between the guide seat 70 and the stop portion.

[0044] The above structure allows the guide seat 70, the power receiving seat 10 and the connecting mechanism to form a mutually constrained assembly unit in advance, and then be installed as a whole on the chassis 120, which helps to reduce the requirement for positioning the floating structure piece by piece during the assembly of the whole vehicle.

[0045] When the power receiving base 10 is in the first position, there is a first gap between the stop and the power receiving base 10 along the movement direction of the power receiving base 10; when the power receiving base 10 is lifted to the second position by the charging plug 80, the power receiving base 10 moves closer to the stop, and a second gap is formed between the stop and the power receiving base 10, which is smaller than the first gap and greater than zero.

[0046] It should be noted that the second gap is greater than zero, so that after the receiving seat 10 is in the charging docking position, the limiting mating member 100 still retains a margin for further relative movement. When the chassis 120 together with the guide seat 70 moves up and down relative to the receiving seat 10 which is already held by the charging plug 80, the limiting mating member 100 can move with the guide seat 70 without forming a rigid collision with the receiving seat 10, so that the dynamic displacement of the vehicle is preferentially absorbed by the connecting mechanism.

[0047] Furthermore, the guide seat 70 has at least one third position in a downward direction away from the power receiving seat 10. The third position refers to the position formed after the chassis 120 and guide seat 70 move downward relative to the power receiving seat 10, with the power receiving seat 10 already in the second position and engaged with the charging plug 80. The third position can include a position within the normal floating stroke, or a stop position where the limiting mating member 100 reaches a mechanical stop.

[0048] When the power receiver 10 is in the second position, the reset member 110 allows the guide seat 70 to move with the chassis 120 in a direction away from and downward from the power receiver 10 to the third position.

[0049] When the guide seat 70 moves from the second position to the third position, the limiting fitting 100 is always inserted through the connecting hole 15 and continuously restricts the lateral relative position of the power receiving seat 10 and the guide seat 70; when it moves to the stop position, the stop part abuts against the power receiving seat 10 to restrict the guide seat 70 from moving further away from the power receiving seat 10.

[0050] In this way, the connecting mechanism maintains a mechanical limiting relationship while providing axial floating travel, which can limit excessive relative misalignment or separation between the power receiving seat 10 and the guide seat 70 or chassis 120 due to vehicle shaking.

[0051] The reset member 110 provides flexible constraint on the movement of the power receiving base 10 from the first position to the second position. In this embodiment, the reset member 110 is specifically an elastic compression member, such as a compression spring, sleeved on the outer periphery of the limiting fitting member 100. The reset member 110 abuts against the stop portion of the limiting fitting member 100 and the power receiving base 10.

[0052] When the receiving base 10 is in the first position, the reset member 110 has a first compression amount and can be in a slightly pre-compressed state to apply a force toward the guide seat 70 to the receiving base 10, so that the receiving base 10 remains in the initial position when not charging. When the receiving base 10 moves to the second position under the lifting action of the charging plug 80, the distance between the receiving base 10 and the stop portion decreases, and the reset member 110 is further compressed to form a second compression amount, which is greater than the first compression amount. Thus, the reset member 110 both allows the receiving base 10 to be lifted upward and continuously applies an elastic pressing tendency toward the charging plug 80 to the receiving base 10, which is beneficial to maintaining the contact state between the receiving base 10 and the charging plug 80 during the charging process.

[0053] It should be noted that the second compression amount is less than the maximum allowable compression amount of the reset member 110. That is, after the power receiving seat 10 reaches the second position, the reset member 110 still retains a stroke for continued compression. When the vehicle load changes and the chassis 120 moves downward, the guide seat 70 and the limiting mating member 100 fixed thereon move downward with the chassis 120, while the power receiving seat 10 can be held in a relatively stable position by the charging plug 80. At this time, the stop moves closer to the power receiving seat 10, and the reset member 110 can continue to compress within the remaining stroke to absorb the relative downward displacement of the chassis 120; when the chassis 120 rebounds upward and the guide seat 70 moves in the direction closer to the power receiving seat 10, the reset member 110 can release part of the compression amount accordingly.

[0054] In this way, by changing between compression and release, the load on the charging plug 80, lifting device 90 and related connecting structures can be reduced, while also helping to maintain the relative position stability between the electrodes.

[0055] To balance the positioning of the power receiver 10 with its adaptability to small-angle vehicle tilts, the limiting fitting 100 may include a column 101. The column 101 passes through the connecting hole 15, and in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the column 101, at least a portion of the outer contour of the column 101 has a gap with the wall of the connecting hole 15. This gap allows the power receiver 10 to undergo a small range of lateral displacement or angular change relative to the column 101 when in a floating state, reducing the possibility of the column 101 and the connecting hole 15 becoming stuck due to off-center loading. Simultaneously, the column 101 still constrains the displacement range of the power receiver 10, preventing excessive misalignment that would affect charging docking.

[0056] In one specific structure, the column 101 includes, in sequence, a first mating section 1011, a guide section 1013, and a second mating section 1012 along the direction away from the guide seat 70. The outer contour dimension of the first mating section 1011 is larger than the outer contour dimension of the second mating section 1012.

[0057] When the power receiving base 10 is in the first position, the connecting hole 15 and the first mating section 1011 form a positioning fit so that the power receiving base 10 maintains a relatively fixed position relative to the guide seat 70 in the uncharged state; after the power receiving base 10 is lifted to the second position, the connecting hole 15 moves to the position corresponding to the second mating section 1012, and the aforementioned gap is formed between the second mating section 1012 and the connecting hole 15 to provide floating margin in the charging state.

[0058] The guide section 1013 is located between the first mating section 1011 and the second mating section 1012, and its outer contour dimension gradually decreases in the direction away from the guide seat 70. When charging ends and the power receiving seat 10 returns from the second position to the first position under the action of the reset member 110, the connecting hole 15 moves from the second mating section 1012 to the first mating section 1011, and gradually returns to the positioning mating position under the guidance of the guide section 1013.

[0059] It can be seen that through the continuous engagement relationship between the power receiving base 10 and the first mating section 1011, the guide section 1013 and the second mating section 1012, the necessary movement margin can be provided during charging, and the power receiving base 10 can be restored to the initial position for easy docking the next time after charging is completed.

[0060] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The number of limiting fittings 100 is two, and the two limiting fittings 100 are spaced apart along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction in which the charging plug 80 mainly applies force to the receiving seat 10. The guide part 71 first guides the charging plug 80 so that the main force after the charging plug 80 contacts the receiving seat 10 is transmitted along the first direction; on this basis, the two spaced limiting fittings 100 respectively constrain two positions of the receiving seat 10. The guide part 71 and the two limiting fittings 100 work together to ensure that the receiving seat 10 has axial floating capability while restricting its lateral posture, and helps to reduce the need for too many limiting components to achieve positioning.

[0061] In this embodiment, the limiting fitting 100 is fixed to the guide seat 70 and movably passes through the power receiving seat 10, which is an implementation method that facilitates the formation of an integral installation unit. Without changing the limiting and floating mechanism, the connection direction can also be reversed, that is, the limiting fitting 100 remains relatively fixed to the power receiving seat 10 and can be relatively movable through the guide seat 70, with the stop portion located on the side of the guide seat 70 opposite to the power receiving seat 10. Correspondingly, the reset member 110 can be arranged between the stop portion and the guide seat 70, so that the reset member 110 generates an elastic force on the power receiving seat 10 fixedly connected to the limiting fitting 100 toward the guide seat 70. This inverted structure can still achieve the floating and resetting of the power receiving seat 10 relative to the guide seat 70 through the axial guidance and stop of the limiting fitting 100 and the elastic deformation of the reset member 110.

[0062] The charging process of this embodiment will be described below.

[0063] When not charging, the lifting device 90 is located below the receiving device 1, and the receiving seat 10 is held in the first position by the reset member 110. When charging begins, the lifting device 90 drives the charging plug 80 upwards. The charging plug 80 first enters the guide portion 71 of the guide seat 70, and gradually aligns with the receiving seat 10 under the action of the guide portion 71. As it continues to rise, the charging plug 80 contacts the receiving seat 10 and pushes the receiving seat 10 upwards. The connecting hole 15 slides relative to the limiting fitting 100, and the reset member 110 gradually increases from a first compression amount to a second compression amount. When the charging plug 80 and the receiving seat 10 are electrically connected, the receiving seat 10 is in the second position. The lifting device 90 maintains the position of the charging plug 80, and the reset member 110 continuously provides an elastic force that presses the receiving seat 10 against the charging plug 80.

[0064] During charging, if personnel get on or off the vehicle, load or unload, or the suspension rebounds, causing the chassis 120 to move up and down, the guide seat 70 moves with the chassis 120, while the receiving seat 10 can float relative to the guide seat 70 under the combined action of the support of the charging plug 80 and the elastic constraint of the reset member 110. When the chassis 120 is downward, the reset member 110 can continue to compress using the compression stroke retained after the second position; when the chassis 120 is upward, the reset member 110 is released accordingly. If the vehicle is tilted at a small angle, the gap between the second mating section 1012 and the connecting hole 15 allows the receiving seat 10 to make appropriate posture adjustments relative to the column 101 to reduce the risk of jamming. Thus, some of the displacement and posture changes generated by the vehicle are absorbed by the connection mechanism formed by the limiting mating member 100 and the reset member 110, without being rigidly borne by the charging plug 80 and the lifting device 90.

[0065] When charging is complete, the lifting device 90 lowers the charging plug 80, disengaging it from the receiving base 10. As the charging plug 80 releases its lifting effect on the receiving base 10, the reset member 110 releases its elastic potential energy and pushes the receiving base 10 back towards the guide seat 70. The connecting hole 15 moves from the second mating section 1012 through the guide section 1013 to the first mating section 1011. During the return process, the guide section 1013 guides the connecting hole 15, returning the receiving base 10 to its first position. Through this reset process, the receiving base 10 can return to its predetermined initial posture after one charging cycle, which helps maintain consistency in subsequent charging connections.

[0066] The beneficial effects of the first embodiment of this application are as follows: the guide seat 70 is fixed to the chassis 120, and the receiving seat 10 floats relative to the guide seat 70 through the limiting fitting 100 and the reset member 110, so that a floating boundary is formed between the receiving seat 10 and the chassis 120 after charging docking, which can release the dynamic displacement of the vehicle; the limiting fitting 100 restricts lateral misalignment, and the reset member 110 provides elastic clamping and absorbs displacement in the height direction. The two work together to reduce the load directly transmitted from vehicle shaking to the charging plug 80, the lifting device 90 and the electrode connection position. Furthermore, the segmented fit formed by the first fitting section 1011, the second fitting section 1012 and the guide section 1013 allows the receiving seat 10 to maintain its position when not charging, retain tilt margin when charging, and achieve guide return to center when charging ends, taking into account both the adaptability of the charging state and the positioning requirements of the non-charging state.

[0067] As a second embodiment of this application: To adapt to different chassis structures, guide seat 70 shapes, or assembly spaces, while maintaining the floating working logic of the power receiving seat relative to the rigid support portion of the vehicle, this embodiment sets the support member that forms a connection or limiting engagement with the limiting engagement member 100 as the chassis 120. That is, the limiting engagement member 100 can directly establish a limiting relationship between the power receiving seat 10 and the chassis 120, while the guide seat 70 remains fixed to the chassis 120 and undertakes the guiding function of the charging plug 80.

[0068] In this embodiment, the guide seat 70 is fixedly connected to the chassis 120, and the receiving seat 10 is located above the guide seat 70. A limiting fitting 100 is connected to one of the receiving seat 10 and the chassis 120, and engages with the other. Taking the limiting fitting 100 fixed to the chassis 120 as an example, the limiting fitting 100 extends from the chassis 120 toward the receiving seat 10 and is relatively movably inserted through the connection hole 15 of the receiving seat 10. A stop portion is provided at the end of the limiting fitting 100 away from the chassis 120. A reset member 110 is positioned to apply an elastic force to the receiving seat 10 toward the chassis 120 or the guide seat 70, so that the receiving seat 10 maintains a first position when not charging, and allows the receiving seat 10 to move upward to a second position against the elastic force of the reset member 110 when the charging plug 80 is lifted. Since the guide seat 70 is fixed to the chassis 120, the lateral displacement of the power receiving seat 10 relative to the chassis 120 is limited, and the excessive displacement of the power receiving seat 10 relative to the guide seat 70 is also limited.

[0069] When the power receiving base 10 is in the second position, there is still a relative movement margin between the stop and the power receiving base 10, and the reset member 110 also retains an elastic stroke for further compression or release. When the chassis 120 together with the guide seat 70 moves up and down relative to the power receiving base 10, the limiting fitting member 100 moves with the chassis 120, and the power receiving base 10 can slide relative to the limiting fitting member 100; when a floating gap is provided between the column of the limiting fitting member 100 and the connecting hole 15, it is also possible to allow the power receiving base 10 to make a small range of lateral or tilting adjustments relative to the chassis 120. If the column adopts a segmented structure of a first fitting section, a guide section and a second fitting section, then the power receiving base 10 can be positioned in the first position by the first fitting section, obtain a floating gap in the second position by the second fitting section, and be guided back to the correct position by the guide section during reset, as described in Embodiment 1.

[0070] In another connection direction, the limiting fitting 100 can also remain relatively fixed to the receiving base 10 and move through a corresponding mating position on the chassis 120, with the stop located on the side of the chassis 120 away from the receiving base 10. The reset member 110 is correspondingly disposed between the stop and the chassis 120 to form a downward elastic constraint on the receiving base 10. Whether the limiting fitting 100 is fixed to the chassis 120 or the receiving base 10, its function is to establish a connection between the receiving base 10 and the chassis 120 that allows relative movement along the charging lifting direction while restricting lateral displacement, and to provide flexible constraint and reset function through the reset member 110.

[0071] The charging process in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. Driven by the lifting device 90, the charging plug 80 first engages with the guide portion 71 of the guide seat 70 to complete the guidance, and then lifts the receiving seat 10, causing the receiving seat 10 to move from a first position to a second position relative to the chassis 120 and the guide seat 70 fixed to the chassis 120. During charging, if the chassis 120 shifts vertically due to changes in vehicle load, the receiving seat 10 can float relative to the chassis 120 with the cooperation of the limiting fitting 100 and the reset fitting 110; after charging is completed, the reset fitting 110 drives the receiving seat 10 to return to the first position.

[0072] The beneficial effect of the second embodiment of this application is that by using the chassis 120 as a support member, an alternative mounting reference for the limiting fitting 100 can be provided without changing the basic working principle that the power receiving seat 10 floats relative to the rigid part of the vehicle. The guide seat 70 continues to guide the charging plug 80, and the limiting fitting 100 and the reset member 110 directly form a floating constraint between the power receiving seat 10 and the chassis 120. Since the guide seat 70 is fixed to the chassis 120, the required relative positional relationship between the power receiving seat 10, the guide seat 70, and the charging plug 80 can still be maintained. This structure is advantageous for selecting the fixed position of the limiting fitting 100 according to the chassis mounting space of different vehicle models, without requiring the limiting fitting 100 to be connected to the guide seat 70.

[0073] Based on the above-described Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, in order to further ensure the reliability of the connection between the power receiving seat 10 and the charging plug 80 during the charging state while allowing the power receiving seat 10 to float relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120, this embodiment can also provide a locking mechanism on the power receiving seat 10. Compared with directly establishing the locking structure between the rigid support part of the vehicle and the charging plug 80, the locking mechanism in this embodiment is set on the power receiving seat 10, which can float relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120, so that the locking mechanism can float together with the power receiving seat 10. During the charging process, the connecting mechanism absorbs the dynamic displacement of the chassis 120, and the locking mechanism constrains the disturbance between the charging plug 80 and the power receiving seat 10. Under the premise that the power receiving seat 10 is floating, the charging plug 80 can be locked and maintained, avoiding the guide seat 70 from forming a rigid pull on the power receiving seat 10 or the charging plug 80 and damaging the charging device. It can also prevent the charging plug 80 from accidentally detaching from the power receiving seat 10 during the floating process of the power receiving seat 10, maintain stable electrode contact and protect the charging device. Specifically, after the charging plug 80 and the receiving seat 10 are connected, a relatively stable connection is formed between them. The guide seat 70 and the chassis 120 can still be displaced relative to the receiving seat 10 via the aforementioned connecting mechanism. Therefore, when factors such as personnel getting on and off the vehicle, loading and unloading goods, or vehicle suspension compression or rebound cause a change in the height of the chassis 120, this height change does not directly and entirely affect the locking position between the receiving seat 10 and the charging plug 80. Instead, it is first absorbed by the floating stroke provided by the limiting fitting 100 and the reset fitting 110. The locking mechanism, based on this floating motion, further prevents the receiving seat 10 and the charging plug 80 from accidentally separating under residual vibration or attitude changes.

[0074] Based on the above-described Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, the locking mechanism includes a locking member 30, which is movably disposed on the power receiving base 10 and can move together with the power receiving base 10 relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120. After the power receiving base 10 moves from the first position to the second position and completes docking under the lifting action of the charging plug 80, the locking member 30 can move relative to the power receiving base 10 to a state of locking engagement with the charging plug 80. When the power receiving base 10 is in the second position, the locking engagement formed between the locking member 30 and the charging plug 80 can restrict the movement of the charging plug 80 relative to the power receiving base 10 in the direction of separation from the power receiving base 10, thereby reducing the possibility of accidental separation of the charging plug 80 from the power receiving base 10 due to factors such as vibration and posture changes during charging, and helping to maintain a stable docking relationship between the two.

[0075] It should be noted that the specific structural form of the locking engagement between the locking member 30 and the charging plug 80 can be set according to actual needs, as long as it can restrict the movement of the charging plug 80 in the disengagement direction when the receiving base 10 is in the second position. As a specific implementation, the locking member 30 can switch between the locked and unlocked states by moving relative to the receiving base 10. See [link to relevant documentation] Figures 4 to 9 The locking mechanism includes a rotating member 20, a locking member 30, a first elastic member 40, and a second elastic member 50.

[0076] Specifically, the rotating member 20 is rotatably disposed on the receiving base 10, and the locking member 30 is movably disposed on the rotating member 20. The charging plug 80 is provided with a limiting part for cooperating with the locking member 30. Specifically, the limiting part can be configured as a locking hole 81. When the charging plug 80 is fully engaged with the receiving base 10, the locking member 30 can extend into the locking hole 81 to restrict the movement of the charging plug 80 in the direction of disengaging from the receiving base 10.

[0077] The charging base 10 may be provided with a limiting cavity 11, within which a rotating shaft 12 is disposed. A rotating member 20 is rotatably connected to the charging base 10 via the rotating shaft 12. The rotating member 20 can rotate around the rotating shaft 12 between a locked position and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the locking member 30 engages with the locking hole 81 of the charging plug 80. When the rotating member 20 rotates in the unlocking direction to the unlocked position, the locking member 30 moves with the rotating member 20, thereby disengaging from the locking hole 81 and providing a condition for the charging plug 80 to disengage from the charging base 10.

[0078] The first elastic element 40 is connected between the power receiving base 10 and the rotating element 20, and applies an elastic force to the rotating element 20 toward the locked position. A limiting boss 13 may also be provided within the limiting cavity 11, which abuts against the limiting boss 13 when the rotating element 20 is in the locked position. Under the action of the first elastic element 40, the rotating element 20 tends to remain in the locked position. It should be noted that the rotating element 20 only rotates in the unlocking direction when the unlocking driving force applied to the rotating element 20 reaches a level sufficient to overcome the locking force provided by the first elastic element 40.

[0079] This configuration is particularly suitable for the aforementioned floating power receiving base structure. Specifically, during vehicle charging, most of the vertical displacement generated by the chassis 120 can be absorbed by the floating stroke between the power receiving base 10 and the guide seat 70 or between the power receiving base 10 and the chassis 120. Therefore, the dynamic displacement of the vehicle chassis 120 is not easily directly converted into a large unlocking load acting on the locking member 30. For vibrations or small-range attitude changes that still exist after the floating structure absorbs them, the first elastic member 40 further hinders the rotation of the rotating member 20 in the unlocking direction, thereby keeping the locking member 30 engaged with the lock hole 81. It can be seen that the floating structure and the locking mechanism do not work independently. Instead, the floating structure first reduces the external disturbance transmitted to the locking position, and then the locking mechanism constrains the remaining internal disturbance transmitted to the power receiving base 10.

[0080] The second elastic element 50 is disposed between the rotating member 20 and the locking member 30, and applies an elastic force to the locking member 30 toward the extended state. When the locking member 30 is acted upon by the charging plug 80, it can overcome the elastic force of the second elastic element 50 and retract relative to the rotating member 20; when the charging plug 80 continues to move and aligns the lock hole 81 with the locking member 30, the second elastic element 50 can drive the locking member 30 to extend outward again and enter the lock hole 81.

[0081] The first elastic element 40 and the second elastic element 50 are independently configured. The second elastic element 50 is mainly used to control the extension and retraction of the locking element 30 relative to the rotating element 20, and its elastic force can be set according to the retraction resistance required by the locking element 30 during the insertion process. The first elastic element 40 is mainly used to control the force that the rotating element 20 needs to overcome when rotating in the unlocking direction, and its elastic force can be set according to the locking and holding force required when the receiving seat 10 and the charging plug 80 are in the locked state. In this way, while the floating structure has already reduced the transmission of vehicle dynamic displacement to the docking position, the insertion action and locking and holding performance of the locking element 30 can also be adjusted separately.

[0082] In one specific implementation, the rotating member 20 includes a rotating part 21 and an extension part 22. The rotating part 21 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 12, and the extension part 22 is located on the side of the rotating shaft 12 away from the locking member 30. The extension part 22 can abut against the limiting boss 13, and the first elastic member 40 is disposed between the extension part 22 and the power receiving base 10.

[0083] By applying the first elastic element 40 to the extension 22, the torque generated by the rotating element 20 around the pivot 12 can be used to prevent the locking element 30 from disengaging from the lock hole 81 with the rotating element 20.

[0084] The rotating member 20 may also be provided with a guide post 23 at one end near the locking member 30. The locking member 30 is movably sleeved on the guide post 23 so as to move relative to the rotating member 20 along the extending direction of the guide post 23. The guide post 23 may be provided with a guide groove 24, and a second elastic member 50 is disposed in the guide groove 24. One end of the second elastic member 50 acts on the rotating member 20, and the other end acts on the locking member 30.

[0085] This structure ensures that, on the one hand, the movement of the locking member 30 relative to the rotating member 20 is independent of the rotation of the rotating member 20 relative to the power receiving base 10; on the other hand, the movement of the locking member 30 can be set to a stable linear telescopic movement relative to the rotating member 20, thus guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the telescopic movement of the locking member 30.

[0086] Furthermore, the receiving base 10 may also be provided with a receiving cavity 14 and a sealing cover 61 for shielding the receiving electrodes. The sealing cover 61 is movable relative to the receiving base 10. The bottom end of the receiving cavity 14 is provided with a sealing ring 63 for sealing the gap between the receiving base 10 and the sealing cover 61. A third elastic member 62 is provided between the receiving base 10 and the sealing cover 61, and the third elastic member 62 provides an elastic force to the sealing cover 61 toward the position where the receiving electrodes are closed. During the process of inserting the charging plug 80 into the receiving base 10, the charging plug 80 pushes the sealing cover 61 to move, so that the receiving electrodes are gradually exposed, and the electrodes on the charging plug 80 can be connected with the receiving electrodes of the receiving base 10.

[0087] The contact end 31 of the locking member 30 can be provided with a guide structure 32, and the charging plug 80 is correspondingly provided with a second guide slope 82. Of course, the sealing cover 61 is also correspondingly provided with a first guide slope 611. During the insertion process, the first guide slope 611 and the second guide slope 82 successively contact the guide structure 32 and push the locking member 30 to move towards the retracted state against the elastic force of the second elastic member 50. After the locking member 30 moves to the position corresponding to the lock hole 81, the second elastic member 50 drives the locking member 30 to extend into the lock hole 81, thereby achieving locking.

[0088] Using the above configuration, the elastic force of the second elastic element 50 acting on the locking element 30 is mainly overcome during the insertion process, without needing to directly overcome the entire locking force of the first elastic element 40 used to keep the rotating element 20 in the locked position.

[0089] The charging and locking process will be further explained below in conjunction with the aforementioned floating structure.

[0090] When not charging, the charging base 10 is held in the first position by the reset member 110. After the lifting device 90 drives the charging plug 80 upward, the charging plug 80 first completes its position alignment under the action of the guide portion 71 of the guide seat 70, and then contacts the charging base 10 and pushes the charging base 10 from the first position to the second position. During this process, the reset member 110 undergoes elastic deformation, giving the charging base 10 an elastic pressing tendency toward the charging plug 80.

[0091] As the charging plug 80 continues to move toward the receiving socket 10, it pushes the locking member 30 to move into a retracted state. When the receiving socket 10 reaches the second position, the charging plug 80 and the receiving socket 10 complete the predetermined docking, and the locking hole 81 moves to the position corresponding to the locking member 30, the second elastic member 50 drives the locking member 30 to extend into the locking hole 81, and the rotating member 20 remains in the locked position under the action of the first elastic member 40. At this time, the reset member 110 maintains the elastic pressing tendency of the receiving socket 10 toward the charging plug 80, and the locking mechanism prevents the charging plug 80 from accidentally separating from the receiving socket 10.

[0092] During the charging and holding phase, if personnel get on or off the vehicle, load or unload goods, or the suspension moves, causing the chassis 120 to move downwards, the guide seat 70 and the limiting mating part 100 that maintains a fixed relationship with it move with the chassis 120. The receiving seat 10 can maintain its docking relationship with the charging plug 80 under the support of the charging plug 80 and the constraint of the locking mechanism, and float relative to the guide seat 70. The reset part 110 absorbs the corresponding height displacement using its remaining elastic stroke. Since the locking mechanism is set on the receiving seat 10, the rotating part 20 and the locking part 30 can move together with the receiving seat 10 relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120, without the locking mechanism rigidly following the movement of the chassis 120.

[0093] When the chassis 120 rebounds upwards, the reset member 110 releases part of its elastic deformation, allowing the power receiver 10 to remain connected to the charging plug 80 within a predetermined floating stroke. If the vehicle tilts at a small angle simultaneously, the floating gap between the limiting fitting 100 and the connecting hole 15 allows the power receiver 10 to make appropriate posture adjustments, while the locking member 30 continues to engage with the locking hole 81. Thus, while allowing the power receiver 10 to compensate for position and posture according to the vehicle's dynamic displacement, it also prevents the charging plug 80 from disengaging from the power receiver 10.

[0094] It should be noted that the aforementioned floating structure is used to reduce the degree to which the dynamic displacement of the vehicle chassis 120 directly affects the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism does not restrict the normal floating of the power receiver 10 relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120, but rather maintains the docking relationship between the power receiver 10 and the charging plug 80 during this normal floating process. In other words, the connecting mechanism acts between the power receiver 10 and the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120 to adjust the relative movement between them and absorb the vehicle's dynamic displacement; while the locking mechanism acts between the power receiver 10 and the charging plug 80 to maintain docking and prevent accidental separation between them.

[0095] When charging is complete and the charging gun needs to be retracted, the lifting device 90 moves the charging plug 80 in the disengagement direction, and the locked position is subjected to a predetermined unlocking force. When this force overcomes the locking force provided by the first elastic member 40, the rotating member 20 can rotate around the rotating shaft 12 from the locked position to the unlocked position, causing the locking member 30 to disengage from the locking hole 81 with the rotating member 20, thus releasing the locking relationship between the receiving base 10 and the charging plug 80. After the charging plug 80 is further disengaged, the receiving base 10 returns from the second position to the first position under the action of the reset member 110, the rotating member 20 returns to the locked position under the action of the first elastic member 40, and the locking member 30 returns to the extended state under the action of the second elastic member 50, ready for the next charging docking.

[0096] Using the above configuration, during the automatic charging process at the bottom of the vehicle, the guide seat 70 first aligns the position between the charging plug 80 and the receiving seat 10. The receiving seat 10 gains floating capability relative to the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120 through the connecting mechanism. The reset member 110 absorbs the dynamic displacement in the vehicle height direction while keeping the receiving seat 10 pressed against the charging plug 80. On this basis, the locking mechanism provided on the receiving seat 10 keeps the receiving seat 10 and the charging plug 80 in a locked state.

[0097] The above structure forms a coordinated relationship of guidance, floating absorption, and locking, so that the dynamic displacement generated by the vehicle chassis 120 is released as much as possible before it is transmitted to the charging plug 80 and the locking position, and the remaining dynamic displacement is constrained by the locking mechanism, thereby further improving the stability of mechanical connection and electrode contact during charging.

[0098] Based on the above, this application provides a charging system. The charging system includes an on-board unit 1000 and a ground unit 2000, wherein the on-board unit 1000 includes the power receiving device 1 described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and the ground unit 2000 includes a charging plug 80 and a lifting device 90, wherein the charging plug 80 is connected to the lifting device 90.

[0099] The lifting device 90 is positioned corresponding to the power receiving device 1 at the bottom of the vehicle and is used to drive the charging plug 80 to move toward the power receiving device 1. After the vehicle is parked in the charging position, the lifting device 90 drives the charging plug 80 upward. The charging plug 80 first enters the guide portion 71 of the guide seat 70, and the guide portion 71 corrects the positional deviation between it and the power receiving seat 10. After the charging plug 80 continues to rise and contacts the power receiving seat 10, the charging plug 80 pushes the power receiving seat 10 from a first position to a second position, and the reset member 110 undergoes corresponding elastic deformation. When the charging plug 80 completes the electrical connection with the power receiving seat 10, the lifting device 90 maintains the position of the charging plug 80, and the reset member 110 keeps the power receiving seat 10 in an elastic pressing tendency toward the charging plug 80.

[0100] During the charging hold phase, the receiving seat 10 and the charging plug 80 remain connected, while the guide seat 70 can move within a predetermined range relative to the receiving seat 10 as the chassis 120 moves. When the chassis 120 moves upward or downward, the reset member 110 absorbs the corresponding displacement by releasing or increasing the compression amount; the limiting mating member 100 limits excessive lateral misalignment between the receiving seat 10 and the guide seat 70 or the chassis 120 throughout the entire floating stroke. In this way, the lifting device 90 does not need to actively adjust its height to follow every small change in the vehicle suspension, and the mechanical floating structure on the vehicle side can also reduce the impact of the dynamic displacement of the chassis 120 on the charging connection.

[0101] When charging ends, the lifting device 90 drives the charging plug 80 downwards to disengage. After the receiving seat 10 loses the lifting of the charging plug 80, it returns from the second position to the first position under the action of the reset member 110. After the charging plug 80 is completely disengaged from the guide seat 70, the on-board unit 1000 returns to the non-charging state so that the vehicle can drive away or begin the next charging.

[0102] This application provides an automobile. The automobile includes a vehicle body and a chassis 120 disposed on the vehicle body, and a power receiving device 1 of any of the aforementioned embodiments is mounted on the chassis 120. The power receiving device 1 is arranged at a position that can dock with a ground charging plug 80, a guide seat 70 is fixedly connected to the chassis 120, and the power receiving seat 10 is movably disposed relative to the guide seat 70 via a connecting mechanism.

[0103] When the vehicle is not charging, the power receiver 10 is held in the first position by the reset member 110. The limiting fitting 100 restricts the power receiver 10 from misaligning with the guide seat 70 or chassis 120 beyond the allowable range, thus maintaining the power receiver 10 in the predetermined installation posture with the vehicle. After the vehicle enters the charging position, the ground charging plug 80 connects to the power receiver 1 from below, and the power receiver 10 is lifted to the second position. During charging, even if passengers get on or off the vehicle, load or unload cargo, or the suspension compresses and rebounds, the height change of the chassis 120 can be compensated by the floating travel between the power receiver 10 and the guide seat 70 or chassis 120, as well as the elastic travel of the reset member 110. After charging is completed, the power receiver 10 returns to the first position under the action of the reset member 110.

[0104] In the automobile of this application, the main floating structure of the power receiving device 1 is arranged between the power receiving seat 10 at the bottom of the vehicle and the rigid support part of the vehicle. The guide seat 70 can still serve as a mounting and guiding component fixed to the chassis 120. Therefore, while maintaining the original chassis mounting reference of the vehicle, the power receiving seat 10 can obtain the floating capability in the charging state. The power receiving seat 10 does not need to move completely synchronously with the chassis 120 when the vehicle load changes, which helps to reduce the impact of vehicle suspension movement on the charging plug 80 and its connection structure, and makes the power receiving device 1 suitable for automatic charging scenarios at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0105] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0106] The power receiving device, charging system, and automobile provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the solution and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power receiving device applied to an automobile, the automobile comprising a body and a chassis (120) disposed on the body, characterized in that, The power receiving device includes: The guide seat (70) is fixedly connected to the chassis (120); A power receiving base (10) is located above the guide base (70); The connecting mechanism is used to movably mount the power receiving base (10) on the guide seat (70). The power receiving base (10) has a first position and at least one second position in the upward direction relative to the guide seat (70), wherein the first position is the initial position and the second position is the charging docking position. The connecting mechanism includes: A limiting fitting (100) is disposed between the power receiving base (10) and the support member, and engages with the power receiving base (10) and / or the support member to limit the relative misalignment between the power receiving base (10) and the support member, wherein the support member is the guide seat (70) or the chassis (120). The reset member (110) provides a flexible constraint on the movement of the power receiving seat (10) relative to the guide seat (70) from the first position to the second position, and allows the guide seat (70) to undergo relative displacement with the chassis (120) in a direction close to the power receiving seat (10) when the power receiving seat (10) is in the second position.

2. The power receiving device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The guide seat (70) has at least one third position in a direction away from and downward of the power receiving seat (10), and when the power receiving seat (10) is in the second position, the reset member (110) allows the guide seat (70) to move with the chassis (120) in a direction away from and downward of the power receiving seat (10) to the third position; During the movement of the guide seat (70) relative to the power receiving seat (10) toward the third position and while in the third position, the limiting mating member (100) continuously restricts the relative misalignment between the power receiving seat (10) and the support member.

3. The power receiving device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting fitting (100) is relatively fixed to one of the power receiving seat (10) and the guide seat (70), and can be relatively movable through the other; the end of the limiting fitting (100) that protrudes from the other is provided with a stop portion, the stop portion being located on the side of the other opposite to the first; when the power receiving seat (10) is respectively in the first position and the second position, the stop portion and the other have a first gap and a second gap respectively along the movement direction of the power receiving seat (10) relative to the guide seat (70), the second gap being smaller than the first gap and greater than zero; The third position includes a stop position, in which the stop part abuts against the other when the guide seat (70) is in the stop position.

4. The power receiving device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the limiting fitting (100) is fixedly connected to the guide seat (70). The power receiving seat (10) is provided with a connection hole (15). The limiting fitting (100) passes through the connection hole (15). The power receiving seat (10) is movably limited between the guide seat (70) and the stop part, so that the power receiving seat (10), the guide seat (70) and the connecting mechanism form a structure that can be installed as a whole on the chassis (120).

5. The power receiving device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The reset member (110) is an elastic compression member sleeved on the limiting fitting member (100), and the elastic compression member abuts between the stop part and the power receiving base (10); When the power receiving base (10) is in the first position, the elastic compression member has a first compression amount; when the power receiving base (10) is in the second position, the elastic compression member has a second compression amount, and the second compression amount is greater than the first compression amount. The second compression amount is less than the maximum compression amount of the elastic compression member, so that the elastic compression member retains a stroke of continued compression when the power receiving seat (10) is in the second position, so as to allow the guide seat (70) to generate relative displacement with the chassis (120) in a direction away from the power receiving seat (10) and downward.

6. The power receiving device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting fitting (100) includes a column (101) which passes through the connecting hole (15); in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the column (101), at least a portion of the outer contour of the column (101) has a gap with the hole wall of the connecting hole (15).

7. The power receiving device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The column (101) has a first mating section (1011), a guide section (1013), and a second mating section (1012) in sequence along the direction away from the guide seat (70). The outer contour dimension of the first mating section (1011) is larger than that of the second mating section (1012). The first mating section (1011) is tightly fitted with the connecting hole (15). The second mating section (1012) has the gap with the connecting hole (15). The outer contour dimension of the guide section (1013) gradually decreases along the direction away from the guide seat (70). When the power receiving base (10) is in the first position, the connecting hole (15) engages with the first mating section (1011); when the power receiving base (10) is in the second position, the connecting hole (15) engages with the second mating section (1012).

8. The power receiving device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The power receiving base (10) is provided with a locking mechanism, which includes a locking member (30). The locking member (30) is movably disposed on the power receiving base (10) and configured to form a locking engagement with the charging plug (80) when the power receiving base (10) is in the second position, so as to restrict the charging plug (80) from moving in the direction of disengaging from the power receiving base (10).

9. The power receiving device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The guide seat (70) has a guide portion (71) for cooperating with the charging plug (80), the guide portion (71) for defining the direction of force applied by the charging plug (80) to the receiving seat (10) as a first direction; the number of the limiting mating members (100) is two, the two limiting mating members (100) are arranged at intervals along a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

10. The power receiving device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The power receiving base (10) is configured to move from the first position to the second position under the lifting action of the charging plug (80), and in the second position maintain an elastic pressing tendency toward the charging plug (80) by the reset member (110).

11. A charging system comprising an on-board unit (1000) and a ground unit (2000), characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted unit (1000) includes a power receiving device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, and the ground unit (2000) includes a charging plug (80) and a lifting device (90), the charging plug (80) being connected to the lifting device (90), the lifting device (90) being used to drive the charging plug (80) to move toward the power receiving device (1) so that the charging plug (80) docks with the power receiving socket (10) of the power receiving device (1).

12. An automobile, comprising a vehicle body and a chassis (120) disposed on the vehicle body, characterized in that, The chassis (120) is equipped with a power receiving device (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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