A method, apparatus, and system for automatic gain control of a multi-channel radio frequency signal

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic gain control method, device and system of multi-channel radio frequency signal, it is related to radio frequency communication technical field, comprising: obtaining the input end power detection value and output end power detection value of multiple physical radio frequency channels;The signal processing task of each physical radio frequency channel is mapped to the corresponding independent processing subunit in parallel processing module;By each independent processing subunit, target gain adjustment amount is independently calculated based on corresponding power detection value and real-time signal characteristic parameter;Gain control instruction is generated based on target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical radio frequency channel in parallel.The application realizes the hardware level parallel closed-loop control of multi-channel gain, eliminates inter-channel coupling and serial delay, and improves response speed and control accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication technology, and specifically to an automatic gain control method, apparatus, and system for multi-channel radio frequency signals. Background Technology

[0002] In radio frequency (RF) communication systems, Automatic Gain Control (AGC) is a key technology for ensuring signal quality. Its main function is to dynamically adjust the gain of the receiver link to maintain the amplitude of the input signal within a suitable range, thereby avoiding distortion or signal loss caused by excessively strong or weak signals. With the widespread application of multi-channel RF communication equipment (such as phased array radar, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, and satellite communication ground stations), systems need to process signals from multiple physical RF channels simultaneously. Furthermore, the propagation environment, interference levels, and signal fading characteristics faced by each channel often differ significantly, placing higher demands on the independence, real-time performance, and accuracy of gain control.

[0003] In existing technologies, gain control in multi-channel RF systems typically employs a centralized control architecture. This involves a single microcontroller unit (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP) sequentially reading the power detection values ​​of each channel via polling, performing unified calculations, and then issuing gain adjustment commands one by one. However, traditional microcontroller units have significant limitations in processing speed and parallelism, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern RF communication systems for large dynamic range and fast response times. Specifically, as the number of channels increases, polling and serial computation lead to a linear increase in the control cycle, severely restricting the system's response capability to fast-fading channels or sudden interference. Furthermore, the time asynchrony introduced by the different computation scheduling orders between channels also disrupts the consistency of gain adjustment across multiple channels, thereby affecting the performance of joint processing such as beamforming or spatial diversity.

[0004] Furthermore, existing solutions often rely solely on a single input power detection value when calculating gain adjustment, neglecting the unique characteristics of different channels in terms of nonlinear distortion, temperature drift, and frequency response. This results in insufficient accuracy and adaptability of gain adjustment. Although some high-end solutions attempt to use Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for partial parallel processing, they typically lack adaptive adjustment mechanisms for the independent signal characteristics of each channel, and their control logic is rigid, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to dynamically changing signal formats and channel conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is the slow serial processing and the inability of each channel to independently and adaptively adjust in multi-RF channel gain control. The goal is to provide an automatic gain control method, device, and system for multi-channel RF signals. By mapping the signal processing tasks of multiple physical RF channels to independent sub-units of a parallel processing module, each sub-unit synchronously acquires input / output power detection values ​​and fuses real-time signal characteristic parameters, independently calculates the target gain adjustment amount, and finally issues control commands in parallel, thus improving the response speed to fast fading channels and sudden interference. Simultaneously, each channel adjusts independently based on its unique characteristic parameters, effectively compensating for device differences and temperature drift effects, and achieving precise adaptive gain control.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides an automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals, comprising:

[0008] Acquire the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels;

[0009] The signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel are mapped to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module;

[0010] Each independent processing subunit independently calculates the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters.

[0011] Gain control commands are generated based on the target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of independently calculating the target gain adjustment amount through each independent processing subunit, based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters, includes:

[0013] Each independent processing subunit determines the target channel gain value based on the preset target output power range, the corresponding input power detection value, and the current channel gain value.

[0014] The difference between the target channel gain value and the current channel gain value is determined as the target gain adjustment amount.

[0015] Furthermore, the step of generating gain control commands based on the target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel includes:

[0016] Based on the preset gain mapping relationship, determine the digital control word corresponding to the target gain adjustment amount;

[0017] Convert digital control words into analog control voltages or digital control signals;

[0018] By using analog control voltage or digital control signal, the digitally controlled attenuator or variable gain amplifier in the corresponding physical RF channel is driven to perform gain adjustment.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes real-time acquisition of signal characteristic parameters of each physical radio frequency channel, wherein the signal characteristic parameters include at least one of power fluctuation rate and signal bandwidth;

[0020] When the signal characteristic parameters meet the preset dynamic scheduling conditions, the processing priority of the corresponding independent processing subunit is dynamically adjusted, or additional processing resources are allocated to the corresponding independent processing subunit.

[0021] Furthermore, the data interaction process between each of the independent processing subunits includes:

[0022] Each independent processing subunit exchanges data asynchronously through a first-in-first-out queue;

[0023] The operation of each independent processing subunit is synchronized using a global clock signal to eliminate data metastability across clock domains.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of independently calculating the target gain adjustment amount through each independent processing subunit, based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters, includes:

[0025] The multi-channel radio frequency signal is divided into multiple data blocks of fixed length, and each independent processing subunit performs parallel signal strength detection on the allocated data blocks;

[0026] The central control unit aggregates the detection results of each independent processing subunit and generates joint control commands to achieve differentiated gain signals output by different physical radio frequency channels.

[0027] Furthermore, acquiring the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels includes:

[0028] The RF signal envelope of each physical RF channel is sampled by an analog-to-digital converter to obtain the sampling digital range;

[0029] Based on a preset standard signal calibration mapping relationship, the sampled digital range is converted into actual input power detection values ​​and output power detection values.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0031] During system startup, initial gain configuration parameters and analog-to-digital converter sampling configuration parameters are loaded from internal registers.

[0032] Based on the initial gain configuration parameters and analog-to-digital converter sampling configuration parameters, each physical RF channel and analog-to-digital converter are initialized so that each physical RF channel outputs a signal that meets the preset target in the initial state.

[0033] A second aspect of the present invention provides an automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals, comprising:

[0034] The detection acquisition module is used to acquire the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels;

[0035] The task mapping module is used to map the signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module.

[0036] The parallel processing module contains multiple independent processing sub-units, which are used to independently calculate the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters.

[0037] The gain control module is used to generate gain control commands based on the target gain adjustment amount, so as to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel.

[0038] A third aspect of the present invention provides a multi-channel fast automatic gain control front-end system, comprising:

[0039] The radio frequency front-end circuit contains multiple physical radio frequency channels, each of which has filtering, amplification and attenuation functions;

[0040] Such as an automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals, wherein the automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit and is used to execute an automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0042] By mapping the signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module, each subunit can simultaneously perform power detection value reading, gain calculation and instruction generation, which can quickly respond to fast fading channels or sudden strong interference and avoid signal saturation or loss.

[0043] Each independent processing subunit not only receives the power detection values ​​from the input and output ends, but also integrates the channel-specific signal characteristic parameters acquired in real time. It can independently calculate the most suitable target gain adjustment amount for each channel based on the current actual link state and nonlinear characteristics of each channel.

[0044] Because each subunit operates independently in parallel and control commands are generated and issued synchronously, the gain adjustment of all physical RF channels can be completed within the same clock cycle, avoiding the time asynchronous error introduced by serial processing.

[0045] Each subunit can dynamically adjust the gain calculation strategy based on real-time updated signal characteristic parameters, enabling the system to maintain excellent gain control performance when switching signal standards, changing frequency bands, or experiencing drastic environmental changes.

[0046] Gain calculation and control tasks are decentralized to independent processing subunits for parallel execution. The main control module only needs to issue policy parameters or monitor status, without participating in high-frequency real-time calculations. This distributed processing architecture means that when adding a new channel, only the corresponding subunit needs to be added, and the control cycle is almost unaffected. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-channel radio frequency signal automatic gain control system architecture in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a channel structure diagram in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] Example 1, as one possible implementation, provides an automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals, including:

[0052] Acquire the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels;

[0053] The signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel are mapped to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module;

[0054] Each independent processing subunit independently calculates the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters.

[0055] Gain control commands are generated based on the target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel.

[0056] This embodiment establishes a one-to-one mapping relationship between physical RF channels and independent processing subunits within the parallel processing module, and performs independent closed-loop calculations by combining dual power detection values ​​from the input and output ends. This eliminates control coupling and serial waiting delays between multiple channels, enabling parallel and rapid adjustment of the gain of each channel.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0058] S1. Obtain the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical RF channels, including: In actual execution, the RF signal envelope of each physical RF channel can be sampled by an analog-to-digital converter to obtain the sampled digital range. Since the original sampled values ​​of the analog-to-digital converter are usually dimensionless digital quantities, it is necessary to convert the sampled digital range into actual input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​based on a preset standard signal calibration mapping relationship.

[0059] S2. Map the signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel to the corresponding independent processing sub-unit in the parallel processing module; refers to binding the data flow of the physical radio frequency channel to the independent logic processing resources inside the parallel processing module (such as FPGA) at the hardware level.

[0060] S3. Through each independent processing subunit, based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters, independently calculate the target gain adjustment amount, including:

[0061] Each independent processing subunit determines the target channel gain value based on the preset target output power range, the corresponding input power detection value, and the current channel gain value.

[0062] The difference between the target channel gain value and the current channel gain value is determined as the target gain adjustment amount.

[0063] The current channel gain value is a state variable maintained by the system in real time. This embodiment not only considers the changes in the input signal, but also combines the actual feedback at the output end, which can effectively compensate for the nonlinear errors caused by temperature drift, device aging or manufacturing process deviations in variable gain amplifiers or low noise amplifiers.

[0064] In some possible implementations, signal characteristic parameters of each physical radio frequency channel are acquired in real time, including at least one of power fluctuation rate and signal bandwidth;

[0065] When the signal characteristic parameters meet the preset dynamic scheduling conditions, the processing priority of the corresponding independent processing subunit is dynamically adjusted, or additional processing resources are allocated to the corresponding independent processing subunit.

[0066] The data interaction process between the independent processing subunits includes:

[0067] Each independent processing subunit exchanges data asynchronously through a first-in-first-out queue;

[0068] The operation of each independent processing subunit is synchronized by a global clock signal to eliminate data metastability across clock domains. When the signal characteristic parameters meet the preset dynamic scheduling conditions, the processing priority of the corresponding independent processing subunit is dynamically adjusted, or additional processing resources are allocated to the corresponding independent processing subunit.

[0069] In some possible implementations, each independent processing subunit independently calculates the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters, including:

[0070] To improve the efficiency and coordination of parallel processing, multi-channel radio frequency signals can be divided into multiple fixed-length data blocks, with each independent processing subunit performing parallel signal strength detection on its assigned data block.

[0071] The central control unit aggregates the detection results of each independent processing subunit and generates joint control commands to achieve differentiated gain signals output by different physical radio frequency channels.

[0072] Within the parallel processing module, the data interaction process between the independent processing sub-units also includes: asynchronous data exchange between the independent processing sub-units through a first-in-first-out queue; and timing synchronization of the operations of the independent processing sub-units through a global clock signal to eliminate data metastability across clock domains.

[0073] In some possible implementations, the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels are obtained, including:

[0074] The RF signal envelope of each physical RF channel is sampled by an analog-to-digital converter to obtain the sampling digital range;

[0075] Based on the preset standard signal calibration mapping relationship, the sampled digital range is converted into the actual input power detection value and output power detection value.

[0076] S4. Generate gain control commands based on the target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel, including:

[0077] Based on the preset gain mapping relationship, determine the digital control word corresponding to the target gain adjustment amount;

[0078] Convert digital control words into analog control voltages or digital control signals;

[0079] By using analog control voltage or digital control signal, the digitally controlled attenuator or variable gain amplifier in the corresponding physical RF channel is driven to perform gain adjustment.

[0080] The preset gain mapping relationship is usually calibration data pre-stored in a lookup table, reflecting the correspondence between the gain adjustment and the voltage / code value at the control terminal of the digitally controlled attenuator or variable gain amplifier. By using a lookup table method instead of real-time formula fitting, the complex nonlinear correction calculation can be simplified to a single memory access operation, reducing the control loop delay.

[0081] In some possible implementations, initial gain configuration parameters and analog-to-digital converter sampling configuration parameters are loaded from internal registers at system startup.

[0082] Based on the initial gain configuration parameters and analog-to-digital converter sampling configuration parameters, each physical RF channel and analog-to-digital converter are initialized so that each physical RF channel outputs a signal that meets the preset target in the initial state.

[0083] Example 2, as a possible implementation, this example provides an automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals, including:

[0084] The detection acquisition module is used to acquire the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels;

[0085] The task mapping module is used to map the signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module.

[0086] The parallel processing module contains multiple independent processing sub-units, which are used to independently calculate the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters.

[0087] The gain control module is used to generate gain control commands based on the target gain adjustment amount, so as to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel.

[0088] Example 3, as one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals, a multi-channel fast automatic gain control front-end system, including:

[0089] The radio frequency front-end circuit contains multiple physical radio frequency channels, each of which has filtering, amplification and attenuation functions;

[0090] Such as an automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals, the automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals is connected to a radio frequency front-end circuit, and is used to execute an automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals.

[0091] In this embodiment, the input channel acquisition unit receives radio frequency (RF) signals from the antenna and converts them into digital signals for subsequent processing. This part mainly includes a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a mixer, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), where the dynamic range of the ADC must meet the requirements of large signal input. The gain controller dynamically adjusts the gain value of the variable gain amplifier (VGA) based on the signal strength output from the signal acquisition unit to ensure that the output signal amplitude remains stable within a preset range. This process utilizes the FPGA for real-time signal strength detection and feedback control of the signal strength acquired by the output channel, thereby ensuring that the system maintains high signal quality under different input conditions. The processing module is the core of the system. It leverages the parallel computing capabilities of the FPGA to distribute the data streams from multiple RF channels to different processing units, significantly improving the system's processing efficiency and response speed. Each channel contains independent signal detection and gain control logic, enabling the system to process multiple channels simultaneously without performance loss.

[0092] In the system's dataflow design, the input channel first converts the analog RF signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the processing module. During this process, the ADC's output data is buffered and then enters the FPGA's internal memory for subsequent processing. The processing module then allocates the input data to each independent processing channel according to a preset channel allocation strategy. Each channel contains signal detection logic to calculate the input signal strength in real time and feeds the detection result back to the processing module. Based on the received signal strength information, the processing module calculates the required gain adjustment value through the digital signal processor (DSP) core and converts it into an analog control voltage to drive the VGA. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures that the system can quickly respond to changes in the input signal while maintaining the stability of the output signal.

[0093] In multi-channel parallel processing scenarios, data interaction becomes complex. To improve data transmission efficiency, the system employs an asynchronous data exchange mechanism based on a first-in-first-out (FIFO) queue. This mechanism not only reduces inter-module latency but also effectively avoids packet loss caused by data rate mismatch. Furthermore, the processing modules synchronize the operation of each channel using a global clock signal, ensuring consistency in data transmission and processing across different channels. Through this design, the system can achieve efficient and stable automatic gain control under high data throughput conditions.

[0094] In this system, the design of the channel allocation strategy directly affects the overall system performance. To improve processing efficiency, this method proposes a dynamic allocation strategy based on channel characteristics. Specifically, the system first analyzes parameters such as the frequency, bandwidth, and power of the input signal in real time, and then allocates the signal to the most suitable processing channel based on the analysis results. For example, for high-frequency, high-bandwidth signals, the system prioritizes channels with higher processing capabilities; while for low-frequency, narrow-bandwidth signals, they are allocated to channels with lower resource consumption, thereby maximizing resource utilization while ensuring performance.

[0095] Furthermore, this paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of fixed allocation and dynamic allocation strategies. Fixed allocation is simple to implement, but in complex and ever-changing communication environments, it may lead to some channels being overloaded while others remain idle, thus reducing the overall system efficiency. In contrast, while dynamic allocation is more complex to implement, it can flexibly adjust resource allocation according to actual needs, significantly improving the system's adaptability and processing capacity. Experimental results show that the system using dynamic allocation outperforms the traditional fixed allocation strategy in terms of response speed and control accuracy when processing multi-channel signals, especially under high load conditions.

[0096] The parallel processing algorithm for automatic gain control (AGB) of the radio frequency channel is one of the core innovations of this system. This algorithm fully utilizes the parallel computing capabilities of the FPGA by decomposing the signal processing task into multiple sub-tasks and executing them in parallel within different processing units, significantly improving the system's processing speed and control accuracy. The main steps of the algorithm include signal segmentation, parallel detection, and joint adjustment. In the signal segmentation stage, the input signal is divided into multiple fixed-length data blocks, each processed by an independent processing unit. This process is implemented through the parallel processing architecture within the FPGA, ensuring that the processing of each data block does not interfere with each other, thereby maximizing processing efficiency.

[0097] In the parallel detection phase, each processing unit performs signal strength detection on its assigned data block and uploads the results to the central control unit. The central control unit summarizes and analyzes all detection results and then calculates the global gain adjustment value based on the analysis. Finally, in the joint adjustment phase, the central control unit broadcasts the calculated gain adjustment value to all channels to ensure consistent gain control across all channels. This strategy not only significantly reduces signal processing time but also substantially improves the system's control accuracy. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the algorithm has a time complexity of O(n), where n is the number of channels, demonstrating a clear performance advantage over traditional serial algorithms.

[0098] The theoretical basis of the fast automatic gain control (AGC) algorithm lies in dynamically adjusting the gain value of a variable gain amplifier through real-time detection and feedback control of the input signal strength, ensuring that the amplitude of the output signal remains within a preset range. The core idea of ​​this algorithm is to accurately model the input signal using digital signal processing technology and achieve rapid response through a closed-loop feedback mechanism. Specifically, the algorithm first detects the envelope of the input signal and then converts it into a DC voltage signal proportional to the signal strength using a logarithmic detector. This DC voltage signal is quantized by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and then sent to an FPGA for digital signal processing. Inside the FPGA, the algorithm calculates the required gain adjustment by comparing the detected value with a preset threshold and converts it into an analog control voltage to drive the VGA. This process is implemented using high-speed digital logic circuits, ensuring that the system can complete the gain adjustment within microseconds.

[0099] The implementation process of the fast automatic gain control algorithm on an FPGA mainly includes three key steps: initialization, signal detection, and gain calculation and adjustment. In the initialization phase, the system first configures the parameters of each functional module, including setting the ADC sampling rate, defining the gain control threshold, and initializing the VGA's initial gain value. These parameters are set according to the specific application scenario and stored and managed through the FPGA's internal registers. Subsequently, the system enters the signal detection phase. In this phase, the ADC continuously samples the envelope of the input signal and sends the sampled data to the FPGA's signal detection logic. The signal detection logic calculates the strength of the input signal through statistical analysis of the sampled data and compares it with a preset threshold. If the detected value exceeds the threshold range, the gain adjustment process is triggered.

[0100] In the gain calculation and adjustment stage, the FPGA calculates the required gain adjustment based on the signal detection results and converts it into an analog control voltage to drive the VGA via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). This process is implemented through a closed-loop feedback mechanism to ensure that the amplitude of the output signal remains within a preset range. To improve the adjustment speed, this study adopts a fast calculation method based on a lookup table (LUT). By pre-storing the gain adjustment values ​​under different input conditions, the calculation latency is significantly reduced. Experimental results show that this implementation can complete the entire process from signal detection to gain adjustment within microseconds, fully meeting the requirements of fast automatic gain control in RF channels.

[0101] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals, characterized in that, include: Acquire the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels; The signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel are mapped to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module; Each independent processing subunit independently calculates the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters. Gain control commands are generated based on the target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel.

2. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves each independent processing subunit independently calculating the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters, including: Each independent processing subunit determines the target channel gain value based on the preset target output power range, the corresponding input power detection value, and the current channel gain value. The difference between the target channel gain value and the current channel gain value is determined as the target gain adjustment amount.

3. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of generating gain control commands based on the target gain adjustment amount to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel includes: Based on the preset gain mapping relationship, determine the digital control word corresponding to the target gain adjustment amount; Convert digital control words into analog control voltages or digital control signals; By using analog control voltage or digital control signal, the digitally controlled attenuator or variable gain amplifier in the corresponding physical RF channel is driven to perform gain adjustment.

4. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes real-time acquisition of signal characteristic parameters of each physical radio frequency channel, wherein the signal characteristic parameters include at least one of power fluctuation rate and signal bandwidth; When the signal characteristic parameters meet the preset dynamic scheduling conditions, the processing priority of the corresponding independent processing subunit is dynamically adjusted, or additional processing resources are allocated to the corresponding independent processing subunit.

5. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data interaction process between each of the independent processing subunits includes: Each independent processing subunit exchanges data asynchronously through a first-in-first-out queue; The operation of each independent processing subunit is synchronized using a global clock signal to eliminate data metastability across clock domains.

6. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process involves each independent processing subunit independently calculating the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value, and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters, including: The multi-channel radio frequency signal is divided into multiple data blocks of fixed length, and each independent processing subunit performs parallel signal strength detection on the allocated data blocks; The central control unit aggregates the detection results of each independent processing subunit and generates joint control commands to achieve differentiated gain signals output by different physical radio frequency channels.

7. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​for multiple physical radio frequency channels includes: The RF signal envelope of each physical RF channel is sampled by an analog-to-digital converter to obtain the sampling digital range; Based on a preset standard signal calibration mapping relationship, the sampled digital range is converted into actual input power detection values ​​and output power detection values.

8. The automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: During system startup, initial gain configuration parameters and analog-to-digital converter sampling configuration parameters are loaded from internal registers. Based on the initial gain configuration parameters and analog-to-digital converter sampling configuration parameters, each physical RF channel and analog-to-digital converter are initialized so that each physical RF channel outputs a signal that meets the preset target in the initial state.

9. An automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals, characterized in that, include: The detection acquisition module is used to acquire the input power detection values ​​and output power detection values ​​of multiple physical radio frequency channels; The task mapping module is used to map the signal processing tasks of each physical radio frequency channel to the corresponding independent processing subunits in the parallel processing module. The parallel processing module contains multiple independent processing sub-units, which are used to independently calculate the target gain adjustment based on the corresponding input power detection value, output power detection value and real-time acquired signal characteristic parameters. The gain control module is used to generate gain control commands based on the target gain adjustment amount, so as to adjust the gain of each physical RF channel in parallel.

10. A multi-channel fast automatic gain control front-end system, characterized in that, include: The radio frequency front-end circuit contains multiple physical radio frequency channels, each of which has filtering, amplification and attenuation functions; The automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals as described in claim 9, wherein the automatic gain control device for multi-channel radio frequency signals is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit and is used to execute the automatic gain control method for multi-channel radio frequency signals as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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