A communication channel estimation optimization method and system based on power line carrier communication

Abstract

This invention discloses a communication channel estimation and optimization method and system based on power line carrier communication. The method includes: a data concentrator generating a test control signal and transmitting the control signal to several smart terminals via power lines; the data concentrator receiving continuous test signals returned by the smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets; performing noise analysis on the several test signal datasets to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the smart terminals; and performing estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the smart terminals based on the several noise data. In this embodiment of the invention, the estimation and optimization of the power line carrier communication channel based on noise data and attenuation coefficient is achieved, thereby improving the communication reliability of the power line carrier communication channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power line carrier communication technology, and in particular to a communication channel estimation and optimization method and system based on power line carrier communication. Background Technology

[0002] Power line carrier communication (PLC) is a unique communication method that uses power lines as the transmission medium. It converts analog or digital signals into high-frequency signals via carrier waves and then transmits them at high speed through the power lines. However, since power lines are also used for power output and there are significant uncertainties on the power consumption side, using power lines as the channel for PLC is highly susceptible to various noise data and the attenuation coefficient of the PLC channel. This results in a significant impact on the communication signal and a decrease in communication reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. This invention provides a communication channel estimation and optimization method and system based on power line carrier communication, which realizes the estimation and optimization of power line carrier communication channel based on noise data and attenuation coefficient, thereby improving the communication reliability of power line carrier communication channel.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a communication channel estimation optimization method based on power line carrier communication, applied to a data concentrator. The data concentrator and several intelligent terminals are connected via power line carrier communication. The method includes: Before performing power line carrier communication, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and sends the test control signal to several smart terminals via power lines. The test control signal is used to control the several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets. The data concentrator performs noise analysis on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channels from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals. The power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals is estimated and optimized based on several noise data.

[0005] Optionally, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and transmits the test control signal to several smart terminals via power lines, including: The data concentrator obtains the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals. The data concentrator generates a test control signal for each of the several smart terminals based on the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme of each smart terminal, and sends the test control signal to each smart terminal through the power line.

[0006] Optionally, the data concentrator obtains the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals, including: The data concentrator identifies several smart terminals connected to it and indexes the terminal address corresponding to each smart terminal in the terminal address database. The data concentrator receives the test requirements from the test users and generates a signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals based on the test requirements. The signal test mode is either a continuous back-transmission mode or a back-transmission mode with a specified number of times for the corresponding smart terminal. The test duration is the start and end time of the test. The time slot allocation scheme is the test signal back-transmission time slot allocated to the several smart terminals.

[0007] Optionally, after transmitting the test control signal via power line to each of the several smart terminals, the method further includes: When each of the plurality of intelligent terminals receives the test control signal, it verifies whether the terminal address in the test control signal is consistent with its built-in terminal address. If they are inconsistent, it sends the terminal address inconsistency information back to the data concentrator. If they match, the corresponding smart terminal extracts the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme from the test control signal, and sends a continuous test signal back to the data concentrator according to the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme in the control signal. The test signal is a signal that is pre-set in the smart terminal and marked with the terminal ID of the smart terminal.

[0008] Optionally, the data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets, including: After receiving continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, the data concentrator extracts the terminal ID marked in each test signal. Test signals with the same terminal ID are placed into the same dataset in chronological order to form several test signal datasets.

[0009] Optionally, the data concentrator performs noise analysis processing on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals, including: The data concentrator performs test signal removal processing on each test signal data in each of the several test signal datasets to form several residual noise signal datasets. Fast Fourier Transform is performed on the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets, and noise power density is estimated on the Fast Fourier Transform result based on the periodogram method to obtain the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. The filtering parameters of the nonlinear filter are set based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. The nonlinear filter is then used to filter the residual noise signal data in each of the plurality of residual noise signal datasets to obtain the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. Based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set, calculations are performed to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0010] Optionally, the step of calculating and processing the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals includes: The average impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data is calculated and processed to obtain the average impulse noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset. The average background noise data is calculated based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal data set. The average impulse noise data and the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset are used as several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0011] Optionally, before performing the estimation and optimization process on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals based on several noise data, the method further includes: The data concentrator uses its stored test signal and each test signal data in each of the received test signal datasets to calculate the attenuation coefficient, thereby obtaining the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data in each test signal dataset. The attenuation coefficient is averaged based on the attenuation coefficient of each test signal data in each test signal dataset, and the average attenuation coefficient of each test signal dataset is used as the attenuation coefficient of the corresponding power line carrier communication channel.

[0012] Optionally, the step of estimating and optimizing each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals based on several noise data points further includes: Based on the attenuation coefficient of the power line carrier communication channel corresponding to the several noise data and each test signal dataset, the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals is estimated and optimized.

[0013] In addition, this invention also provides a communication channel estimation optimization system based on power line carrier communication, applied to a data concentrator. The data concentrator and several intelligent terminals are connected via power line carrier communication. The system includes: Control signal generation module: Before the data concentrator performs power line carrier communication, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and sends the control signal to several smart terminals via the power line. The test control signal is used to control the several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. Signal receiving module: The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets; Noise analysis module: used by the data concentrator to perform noise analysis processing on the several test signal datasets, and obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals; Estimation and optimization module: used to perform estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data.

[0014] In this embodiment of the invention, before executing power line carrier communication, the data concentrator first generates a test control signal, then sends the test control signal to several smart terminals requiring power line carrier communication via power line carrier communication. Next, it receives continuous test signals from these smart terminals, forming several test signal datasets. Noise analysis is then performed to obtain several noise data points. Finally, based on these noise data points and the attenuation coefficient, the corresponding power line carrier communication channel is estimated and optimized. This achieves the goal of determining the noise data and attenuation coefficient of the power line at the current stage through testing before executing power line carrier communication, thereby performing estimation and optimization of the power line carrier communication channel. This improves the reliability of power line carrier communication. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication channel estimation optimization method based on power line carrier communication in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a communication channel estimation and optimization system based on power line carrier communication in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication channel estimation optimization method based on power line carrier communication in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, a communication channel estimation optimization method based on power line carrier communication is applied to a data concentrator. The data concentrator and several intelligent terminals are connected via power line carrier communication. The method includes: S101: Before performing power line carrier communication, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and sends the test control signal to several smart terminals via power lines. The test control signal is used to control the several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. In a specific implementation of this invention, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and transmits the control signal to several smart terminals via power lines. This includes: the data concentrator obtaining the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals; the data concentrator generating a test control signal corresponding to each of the several smart terminals based on the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme, and transmitting the test control signal to each of the several smart terminals via power lines.

[0020] Furthermore, the data concentrator obtains the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals, including: the data concentrator determines the several smart terminals connected to it, and indexes the terminal address corresponding to each of the several smart terminals in the terminal address database; the data concentrator receives the test requirements of the test user, and generates the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals based on the test requirements, wherein the signal test mode is the corresponding smart terminal's periodic continuous feedback mode or a feedback mode with a specified number of times, the test duration is the test start and end time, and the time slot allocation scheme is the test signal feedback time slot allocated to the several smart terminals.

[0021] Furthermore, after transmitting the test control signal via power line to each of the several smart terminals, the process further includes: upon receiving the test control signal, each of the several smart terminals verifies whether the terminal address in the test control signal is consistent with its built-in terminal address. If they are inconsistent, the terminal address inconsistency information is sent back to the data concentrator. If they are consistent, the corresponding smart terminal extracts the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme from the test control signal, and sends a continuous test signal back to the data concentrator according to the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme in the control signal. The test signal is a signal pre-set in the smart terminal and marked with the terminal ID of the smart terminal.

[0022] Specifically, the data concentrator establishes carrier communication with several smart devices via power lines. These smart devices can be smart meters, smart switches, or smart transformers, among other things. The data concentrator can then establish communication connections with these smart devices through power line carrier communication, thereby enabling control over them. To address communication quality issues between the data concentrator and the smart devices during carrier communication, the data concentrator performs a test using a test control signal before executing the carrier communication. Based on the test results, it estimates and optimizes the power line carrier communication channel, ensuring communication quality during that time period. This guarantees the control accuracy of the data concentrator over the smart devices and ensures signal quality during carrier communication.

[0023] At this point, the data concentrator needs to generate a test control signal, which is used to control several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. The test signal is pre-set on each smart terminal and also exists in the data concentrator.

[0024] Before generating the test control signal, the data concentrator first needs to obtain the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme of each of the several smart terminals. Then, based on the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme of each of the several smart terminals, it generates the test control signal corresponding to each of the several smart terminals. Finally, the control signal is sent to each of the several smart terminals via power line carrier communication.

[0025] Therefore, the data concentrator first identifies the terminal code or terminal ID corresponding to each of the several smart terminals connected to it. Then, it uses the terminal code or terminal ID to index the terminal address corresponding to each of the several smart terminals in the terminal address database. The terminal address database contains the terminal addresses corresponding to the several smart terminals, and these terminal addresses are stored in association with the terminal code or terminal ID.

[0026] Finally, the data concentrator receives the test requirements input by the user, and then generates a signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals. The signal test mode is either a periodic continuous transmission mode or a transmission mode with a specified number of transmissions. The test duration is the start and end time of the test. The time slot allocation scheme is the time slot allocated for the test signal transmission to the several smart terminals. By setting the signal test mode and the time slot allocation scheme, the test duration can be determined. The signal test mode allows each smart device to transmit multiple test signals, resulting in higher test accuracy. Setting the time slot allocation scheme reduces signal transmission conflicts between smart terminals during testing, which could significantly reduce test accuracy.

[0027] Furthermore, after the data concentrator transmits the control signal to each of the several smart terminals via power lines, each smart terminal, upon receiving the test control signal, first needs to verify whether this test control signal is relevant to itself. Specifically, this verification involves extracting the terminal address from the test control signal and then verifying whether the extracted terminal address matches its built-in terminal address. If they do not match, the smart terminal sends a feedback message to the data concentrator regarding the inconsistency in terminal address, without needing to send a test signal back or perform a no-response action. If they match, the corresponding smart terminal extracts the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme from the test control signal and sends a continuous test signal back to the data concentrator according to the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme in the test control signal. The test signal is a signal pre-set within the smart terminal and marked with the smart terminal's terminal ID.

[0028] S102: The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets. In a specific implementation of the present invention, the data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets, including: after receiving continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, the data concentrator extracts the terminal ID marked in each test signal; and puts test signals with the same terminal ID into the same dataset in chronological order to form several test signal datasets.

[0029] Specifically, after the data concentrator sends the test control signal to each of the several smart devices, it will perform a signal receiving operation. That is, it will receive the continuous test signals returned / transmitted by the several smart terminals according to the test control signal. After receiving these test signals, it will first extract the terminal ID marked by each test signal, and then put the test signals with the same terminal ID into the same data set according to the order of receipt time, thereby forming several test signal datasets. This facilitates subsequent noise extraction processing, that is, it facilitates the extraction of noise data and attenuation coefficient of the channel between the data concentrator and each smart terminal in power line carrier communication.

[0030] S103: The data concentrator performs noise analysis processing on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals; In a specific implementation of this invention, the data concentrator performs noise analysis processing on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals. This includes: the data concentrator performing test signal removal processing on each test signal data within each of the plurality of test signal datasets to form a plurality of residual noise signal datasets; performing Fast Fourier Transform processing on the residual noise signal data within each of the plurality of residual noise signal datasets, and performing noise power density estimation processing on the Fast Fourier Transform results based on the periodogram method to obtain residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal dataset. The corresponding background noise data; based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset, the filtering parameters of the nonlinear filter are set, and the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets is filtered using the set nonlinear filter to obtain the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset; based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset, calculations are performed to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0031] Furthermore, the step of calculating and processing the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal dataset to obtain several noise data sets corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals includes: calculating the average value of the impulse noise data based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average impulse noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset; calculating the average value of the background noise data based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset; and using the average impulse noise data and the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset as several noise data sets corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0032] Specifically, after the data concentrator obtains several test signal datasets, it will perform noise analysis processing on each test signal dataset to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0033] The specific noise analysis involves the data concentrator first removing test signal data from each test signal data in several test signal datasets to form several residual noise signal datasets. Then, background noise data and impulse noise data are extracted from each residual noise signal data in the several residual noise signal datasets, and finally, several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals are obtained.

[0034] The extraction of background noise data from the residual noise signal is achieved through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). First, FFT is performed on the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets to obtain the FFT result corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each dataset. Then, the periodogram method is used to estimate the noise power density of the FFT result to obtain the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each dataset.

[0035] After obtaining the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset, the filtering parameters of the nonlinear filter are set according to the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. After the settings are completed, the nonlinear filter is used to filter the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets to obtain the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. That is, the background noise data in the residual noise signal is filtered out by the nonlinear filter, and then the remaining noise data is used as the corresponding impulse noise data.

[0036] Finally, the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set will be calculated and processed to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0037] The calculation here involves averaging, specifically, averaging the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average impulse noise data for each residual noise signal dataset. Then, averaging the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set is performed to obtain the average background noise data for each residual noise signal dataset. Finally, the average impulse noise data and the average background noise data for each residual noise signal dataset are used as several noise data sets for the power line carrier communication channel between the data concentrator and several smart terminals.

[0038] S104: Based on several noise data, perform estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0039] In the specific implementation of this invention, before performing estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data, the method further includes: the data concentrator using its stored test signal and each test signal data in each of the received several test signal datasets to calculate the attenuation coefficient, thereby obtaining the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data in each test signal dataset; calculating the average attenuation coefficient based on the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data in each test signal dataset, and using the average attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal dataset as the attenuation coefficient of the corresponding power line carrier communication channel.

[0040] Furthermore, the step of estimating and optimizing each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals based on several noise data further includes: estimating and optimizing each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals based on the attenuation coefficient of the power line carrier communication channel corresponding to each of the several noise data and each test signal dataset.

[0041] Specifically, the first step is to calculate the attenuation coefficient of each power line carrier communication channel. This requires the data concentrator to calculate the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data. The attenuation coefficient of the corresponding power line carrier communication channel is determined by averaging the attenuation coefficients of multiple test signal data. This can eliminate the fluctuation problem of attenuation coefficient under some special conditions.

[0042] The data concentrator calculates the attenuation coefficient by comparing the stored test signal with each test signal data in each of the received test signal datasets. The calculation first compares the stored test signal with each test signal data in each received test signal dataset to determine the attenuation amount. Then, it divides the attenuation amount by the stored test signal to obtain the attenuation coefficient for each test signal data in each dataset. Next, it calculates the average attenuation coefficient using the average attenuation coefficient for each test signal data in each dataset. Finally, it uses the average attenuation coefficient for each test signal dataset as the attenuation coefficient for the corresponding power line carrier communication channel.

[0043] Finally, the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals will be estimated and optimized using several noise data and the attenuation coefficient of the power line carrier communication channel corresponding to each test signal dataset.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, before executing power line carrier communication, the data concentrator first generates a test control signal, then sends the test control signal to several smart terminals requiring power line carrier communication via power line carrier communication. Next, it receives continuous test signals from these smart terminals, forming several test signal datasets. Noise analysis is then performed to obtain several noise data points. Finally, based on these noise data points and the attenuation coefficient, the corresponding power line carrier communication channel is estimated and optimized. This achieves the goal of determining the noise data and attenuation coefficient of the power line at the current stage through testing before executing power line carrier communication, thereby performing estimation and optimization of the power line carrier communication channel. This improves the reliability of power line carrier communication.

[0045] Example 2, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a communication channel estimation and optimization system based on power line carrier communication in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, a communication channel estimation and optimization system based on power line carrier communication is applied to a data concentrator. The data concentrator and several intelligent terminals are connected via power lines for carrier communication. The system includes: Control signal generation module 201: Before the data concentrator performs power line carrier communication, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and sends the control signal to several smart terminals through the power line. The test control signal is used to control the several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. In a specific implementation of this invention, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and transmits the control signal to several smart terminals via power lines. This includes: the data concentrator obtaining the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals; the data concentrator generating a test control signal corresponding to each of the several smart terminals based on the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme, and transmitting the test control signal to each of the several smart terminals via power lines.

[0047] Furthermore, the data concentrator obtains the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals, including: the data concentrator determines the several smart terminals connected to it, and indexes the terminal address corresponding to each of the several smart terminals in the terminal address database; the data concentrator receives the test requirements of the test user, and generates the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme corresponding to each of the several smart terminals based on the test requirements, wherein the signal test mode is the corresponding smart terminal's periodic continuous feedback mode or a feedback mode with a specified number of times, the test duration is the test start and end time, and the time slot allocation scheme is the test signal feedback time slot allocated to the several smart terminals.

[0048] Furthermore, after transmitting the test control signal via power line to each of the several smart terminals, the process further includes: upon receiving the test control signal, each of the several smart terminals verifies whether the terminal address in the test control signal is consistent with its built-in terminal address. If they are inconsistent, the terminal address inconsistency information is sent back to the data concentrator. If they are consistent, the corresponding smart terminal extracts the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme from the test control signal, and sends a continuous test signal back to the data concentrator according to the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme in the control signal. The test signal is a signal pre-set in the smart terminal and marked with the terminal ID of the smart terminal.

[0049] Specifically, the data concentrator establishes carrier communication with several smart devices via power lines. These smart devices can be smart meters, smart switches, or smart transformers, among other things. The data concentrator can then establish communication connections with these smart devices through power line carrier communication, thereby enabling control over them. To address communication quality issues between the data concentrator and the smart devices during carrier communication, the data concentrator performs a test using a test control signal before executing the carrier communication. Based on the test results, it estimates and optimizes the power line carrier communication channel, ensuring communication quality during that time period. This guarantees the control accuracy of the data concentrator over the smart devices and ensures signal quality during carrier communication.

[0050] At this point, the data concentrator needs to generate a test control signal, which is used to control several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. The test signal is pre-set on each smart terminal and also exists in the data concentrator.

[0051] Before generating the test control signal, the data concentrator first needs to obtain the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme of each of the several smart terminals. Then, based on the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme of each of the several smart terminals, it generates the test control signal corresponding to each of the several smart terminals. Finally, the control signal is sent to each of the several smart terminals via power line carrier communication.

[0052] Therefore, the data concentrator first identifies the terminal code or terminal ID corresponding to each of the several smart terminals connected to it. Then, it uses the terminal code or terminal ID to index the terminal address corresponding to each of the several smart terminals in the terminal address database. The terminal address database contains the terminal addresses corresponding to the several smart terminals, and these terminal addresses are stored in association with the terminal code or terminal ID.

[0053] Finally, the data concentrator receives the test requirements input by the user, and then generates a signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals. The signal test mode is either a periodic continuous transmission mode or a transmission mode with a specified number of transmissions. The test duration is the start and end time of the test. The time slot allocation scheme is the time slot allocated for the test signal transmission to the several smart terminals. By setting the signal test mode and the time slot allocation scheme, the test duration can be determined. The signal test mode allows each smart device to transmit multiple test signals, resulting in higher test accuracy. Setting the time slot allocation scheme reduces signal transmission conflicts between smart terminals during testing, which could significantly reduce test accuracy.

[0054] Furthermore, after the data concentrator transmits the control signal to each of the several smart terminals via power lines, each smart terminal, upon receiving the test control signal, first needs to verify whether this test control signal is relevant to itself. Specifically, this verification involves extracting the terminal address from the test control signal and then verifying whether the extracted terminal address matches its built-in terminal address. If they do not match, the smart terminal sends a feedback message to the data concentrator regarding the inconsistency in terminal address, without needing to send a test signal back or perform a no-response action. If they match, the corresponding smart terminal extracts the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme from the test control signal and sends a continuous test signal back to the data concentrator according to the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme in the test control signal. The test signal is a signal pre-set within the smart terminal and marked with the smart terminal's terminal ID.

[0055] Signal receiving module 202: The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets; In a specific implementation of the present invention, the data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets, including: after receiving continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, the data concentrator extracts the terminal ID marked in each test signal; and puts test signals with the same terminal ID into the same dataset in chronological order to form several test signal datasets.

[0056] Specifically, after the data concentrator sends the test control signal to each of the several smart devices, it will perform a signal receiving operation. That is, it will receive the continuous test signals returned / transmitted by the several smart terminals according to the test control signal. After receiving these test signals, it will first extract the terminal ID marked by each test signal, and then put the test signals with the same terminal ID into the same data set according to the order of receipt time, thereby forming several test signal datasets. This facilitates subsequent noise extraction processing, that is, it facilitates the extraction of noise data and attenuation coefficient of the channel between the data concentrator and each smart terminal in power line carrier communication.

[0057] Noise analysis module 203: used by the data concentrator to perform noise analysis processing on the plurality of test signal datasets, and obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals; In a specific implementation of this invention, the data concentrator performs noise analysis processing on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals. This includes: the data concentrator performing test signal removal processing on each test signal data within each of the plurality of test signal datasets to form a plurality of residual noise signal datasets; performing Fast Fourier Transform processing on the residual noise signal data within each of the plurality of residual noise signal datasets, and performing noise power density estimation processing on the Fast Fourier Transform results based on the periodogram method to obtain residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal dataset. The corresponding background noise data; based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset, the filtering parameters of the nonlinear filter are set, and the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets is filtered using the set nonlinear filter to obtain the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset; based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset, calculations are performed to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0058] Furthermore, the step of calculating and processing the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal dataset to obtain several noise data sets corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals includes: calculating the average value of the impulse noise data based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average impulse noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset; calculating the average value of the background noise data based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset; and using the average impulse noise data and the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset as several noise data sets corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0059] Specifically, after the data concentrator obtains several test signal datasets, it will perform noise analysis processing on each test signal dataset to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0060] The specific noise analysis involves the data concentrator first removing test signal data from each test signal data in several test signal datasets to form several residual noise signal datasets. Then, background noise data and impulse noise data are extracted from each residual noise signal data in the several residual noise signal datasets, and finally, several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals are obtained.

[0061] The extraction of background noise data from the residual noise signal is achieved through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). First, FFT is performed on the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets to obtain the FFT result corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each dataset. Then, the periodogram method is used to estimate the noise power density of the FFT result to obtain the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each dataset.

[0062] After obtaining the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset, the filtering parameters of the nonlinear filter are set according to the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. After the settings are completed, the nonlinear filter is used to filter the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets to obtain the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. That is, the background noise data in the residual noise signal is filtered out by the nonlinear filter, and then the remaining noise data is used as the corresponding impulse noise data.

[0063] Finally, the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set will be calculated and processed to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

[0064] The calculation here involves averaging, specifically, averaging the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average impulse noise data for each residual noise signal dataset. Then, averaging the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data within each residual noise signal data set is performed to obtain the average background noise data for each residual noise signal dataset. Finally, the average impulse noise data and the average background noise data for each residual noise signal dataset are used as several noise data sets for the power line carrier communication channel between the data concentrator and several smart terminals.

[0065] Estimation and optimization module 204: used to perform estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data.

[0066] In the specific implementation of this invention, before performing estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data, the method further includes: the data concentrator using its stored test signal and each test signal data in each of the received several test signal datasets to calculate the attenuation coefficient, thereby obtaining the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data in each test signal dataset; calculating the average attenuation coefficient based on the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data in each test signal dataset, and using the average attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal dataset as the attenuation coefficient of the corresponding power line carrier communication channel.

[0067] Furthermore, the step of estimating and optimizing each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals based on several noise data further includes: estimating and optimizing each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals based on the attenuation coefficient of the power line carrier communication channel corresponding to each of the several noise data and each test signal dataset.

[0068] Specifically, the first step is to calculate the attenuation coefficient of each power line carrier communication channel. This requires the data concentrator to calculate the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data. The attenuation coefficient of the corresponding power line carrier communication channel is determined by averaging the attenuation coefficients of multiple test signal data. This can eliminate the fluctuation problem of attenuation coefficient under some special conditions.

[0069] The data concentrator calculates the attenuation coefficient by comparing the stored test signal with each test signal data in each of the received test signal datasets. The calculation first compares the stored test signal with each test signal data in each received test signal dataset to determine the attenuation amount. Then, it divides the attenuation amount by the stored test signal to obtain the attenuation coefficient for each test signal data in each dataset. Next, it calculates the average attenuation coefficient using the average attenuation coefficient for each test signal data in each dataset. Finally, it uses the average attenuation coefficient for each test signal dataset as the attenuation coefficient for the corresponding power line carrier communication channel.

[0070] Finally, the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals will be estimated and optimized using several noise data and the attenuation coefficient of the power line carrier communication channel corresponding to each test signal dataset.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, before executing power line carrier communication, the data concentrator first generates a test control signal, then sends the test control signal to several smart terminals requiring power line carrier communication via power line carrier communication. Next, it receives continuous test signals from these smart terminals, forming several test signal datasets. Noise analysis is then performed to obtain several noise data points. Finally, based on these noise data points and the attenuation coefficient, the corresponding power line carrier communication channel is estimated and optimized. This achieves the goal of determining the noise data and attenuation coefficient of the power line at the current stage through testing before executing power line carrier communication, thereby performing estimation and optimization of the power line carrier communication channel. This improves the reliability of power line carrier communication.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc.

[0073] Furthermore, the above provides a detailed description of a communication channel estimation optimization method and system based on power line carrier communication provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing a communication channel estimation based on power line carrier communication, characterized in that, The method, applied to a data concentrator, wherein the data concentrator and several smart terminals are connected via power line carrier communication, includes: Before performing power line carrier communication, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and sends the test control signal to several smart terminals via power lines. The test control signal is used to control the several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets. The data concentrator performs noise analysis on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channels from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals. The power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals is estimated and optimized based on several noise data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The data concentrator generates a test control signal and transmits the test control signal to several smart terminals via power lines, including: The data concentrator obtains the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals. The data concentrator generates a test control signal for each of the several smart terminals based on the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme of each smart terminal, and sends the test control signal to each smart terminal through the power line.

3. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data concentrator obtains the terminal address, signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals, including: The data concentrator identifies several smart terminals connected to it and indexes the terminal address corresponding to each smart terminal in the terminal address database. The data concentrator receives the test requirements from the test users and generates a signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme for each of the several smart terminals based on the test requirements. The signal test mode is either a continuous back-transmission mode or a back-transmission mode with a specified number of times for the corresponding smart terminal. The test duration is the start and end time of the test. The time slot allocation scheme is the test signal back-transmission time slot allocated to the several smart terminals.

4. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After transmitting the test control signal via power line to each of the several smart terminals, the method further includes: When each of the plurality of intelligent terminals receives the test control signal, it verifies whether the terminal address in the test control signal is consistent with its built-in terminal address. If they are inconsistent, it sends the terminal address inconsistency information back to the data concentrator. If they match, the corresponding smart terminal extracts the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme from the test control signal, and sends a continuous test signal back to the data concentrator according to the signal test mode, test duration, and time slot allocation scheme in the test control signal. The test signal is a signal that is pre-set in the smart terminal and marked with the terminal ID of the smart terminal.

5. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets, including: After receiving continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, the data concentrator extracts the terminal ID marked in each test signal. Test signals with the same terminal ID are placed into the same dataset in chronological order to form several test signal datasets.

6. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data concentrator performs noise analysis on the plurality of test signal datasets to obtain a plurality of noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the plurality of smart terminals, including: The data concentrator performs test signal removal processing on each test signal data in each of the several test signal datasets to form several residual noise signal datasets. Fast Fourier Transform is performed on the residual noise signal data in each of the several residual noise signal datasets, and noise power density is estimated on the Fast Fourier Transform result based on the periodogram method to obtain the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. The filtering parameters of the nonlinear filter are set based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. The nonlinear filter is then used to filter the residual noise signal data in each of the plurality of residual noise signal datasets to obtain the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal dataset. Based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set, calculations are performed to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

7. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation and processing are performed based on the impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set and the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set to obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals, including: The average impulse noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data is calculated and processed to obtain the average impulse noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset. The average background noise data is calculated based on the background noise data corresponding to the residual noise signal data in each residual noise signal data set to obtain the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal data set. The average impulse noise data and the average background noise data corresponding to each residual noise signal dataset are used as several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals.

8. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before performing the estimation and optimization process on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data, the method further includes: The data concentrator uses its stored test signal and each test signal data in each of the received test signal datasets to calculate the attenuation coefficient, thereby obtaining the attenuation coefficient corresponding to each test signal data in each test signal dataset. The attenuation coefficient is averaged based on the attenuation coefficient of each test signal data in each test signal dataset, and the average attenuation coefficient of each test signal dataset is used as the attenuation coefficient of the corresponding power line carrier communication channel.

9. The communication channel estimation optimization method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The estimation and optimization process for each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data points also includes: Based on the attenuation coefficient of the power line carrier communication channel corresponding to each of the noise data and each test signal dataset, the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to the several smart terminals is estimated and optimized.

10. A communication channel estimation and optimization system based on power line carrier communication, characterized in that, An application is made to a data concentrator, which is connected to several smart terminals via power lines for carrier communication. The system includes: Control signal generation module: Before the data concentrator performs power line carrier communication, the data concentrator generates a test control signal and sends the test control signal to several smart terminals through the power line. The test control signal is used to control the several smart terminals to send built-in test signals to the data concentrator at a preset frequency. Signal receiving module: The data concentrator receives continuous test signals from several smart terminals based on the test control signal, forming several test signal datasets; Noise analysis module: used by the data concentrator to perform noise analysis processing on the several test signal datasets, and obtain several noise data corresponding to the power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals; Estimation and optimization module: used to perform estimation and optimization processing on each power line carrier communication channel from the data concentrator to several smart terminals based on several noise data.

Images