Design method of high frequency satellite data measurement and control link

Abstract

The application discloses a high-frequency satellite data measurement and control link design method, comprising the following steps: S1, satellite-ground cooperative state sensing: a ground measurement and control scheduling center collects the on-orbit operation state, measurement and control task parameters and high-frequency channel occupation data of multiple satellites in real time, receives satellite on-board resource state information fed back by an on-board sensing module of each satellite, and completes global collection of multi-dimensional scheduling factors, wherein the application comprehensively considers multi-satellite task priorities and real-time state of a channel as double-dimensional core factors, realizes hierarchical scheduling of a task and accurate matching of a resource, guarantees real-time performance and reliability of high-priority emergency measurement and control tasks, fully utilizes fragmented channel resources, greatly improves multi-satellite time-sharing multiplexing efficiency of a high-frequency measurement and control channel, and improves channel resource utilization rate from less than 60% in the prior art to more than 90%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite telemetry and control related products, specifically a design method for high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control links. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, multi-satellite networking and large-scale constellation deployment have become the mainstream trend in satellite applications. High-frequency telemetry and control (TT&C) links, with their advantages of high transmission rate, large bandwidth, and strong anti-interference capabilities, are widely used in core TT&C scenarios such as satellite telemetry, remote control, and data backhaul. In dense multi-satellite networking systems, ground-based high-frequency TT&C channel resources are limited and need to simultaneously support both routine TT&C tasks and emergency missions for multiple satellites. The efficiency of channel resource scheduling and allocation directly determines the operational performance of the entire satellite TT&C system.

[0003] Currently, most high-frequency satellite telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) link scheduling technologies adopt fixed allocation or static time-sharing multiplexing modes. That is, each satellite is allocated a fixed channel time slot and bandwidth resources within a preset time sequence. The scheduling rules are rigid and the flexibility is extremely poor. Some solutions attempt to optimize channel scheduling through simple task sequencing, but they only consider the task time parameters and do not take into account multi-dimensional core factors such as the satellite's operating status, channel transmission quality, and task importance. They cannot achieve dynamic and balanced allocation of link resources, lack satellite-ground collaborative scheduling capabilities, and have poor time-sharing multiplexing effects for multi-satellite high-frequency channels. They have not been able to solve the technical pain point of the imbalance between supply and demand of high-frequency TT&C resources in multi-satellite networking scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a design method for high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control links to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Space-Ground Cooperative Status Awareness: The ground telemetry, tracking and command center collects the on-orbit operation status, telemetry and command mission parameters, and high-frequency channel occupancy data of multiple satellites in real time. At the same time, it receives the on-board resource status information fed back by the sensing modules of each satellite, and completes the full-domain collection of multi-dimensional scheduling factors.

[0007] S2. Multi-satellite task priority quantitative evaluation: Based on the collected task parameters, a four-dimensional priority evaluation model is constructed, which includes task urgency, task importance, data transmission volume, and task deadline. This model completes the refined priority quantitative scoring and level classification of all pending measurement and control tasks.

[0008] S3. Dynamic analysis of channel status: Real-time monitoring of idle time slots, occupied duration, channel signal-to-noise ratio, transmission bit error rate and link bandwidth margin of high-frequency measurement and control channels, marking the three working states of the channel as busy, idle and congested, and generating a real-time status matrix of high-frequency channels.

[0009] S4. Dynamic Balanced Allocation of Link Resources: Combining the quantification results of multi-satellite mission priorities with the high-frequency channel state matrix, the satellite-ground collaborative scheduling algorithm dynamically matches telemetry and control missions with high-frequency channel resources, rationally allocates channel occupancy time slots and transmission bandwidth for each satellite mission, and avoids mission timing conflicts.

[0010] S5. Multi-satellite mission time-sharing multiplexing execution: According to the dynamically allocated scheduling scheme, the high-frequency telemetry and control channel is controlled to respond to the telemetry and control missions of each satellite in a time-sharing manner, and the mission execution status and link transmission quality are monitored synchronously in real time. The scheduling parameters are dynamically fine-tuned to complete the efficient multiplexing transmission of multi-satellite telemetry and control missions.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-dimensional scheduling factors in step S1 include satellite orbital position, attitude angle, onboard power, amount of telemetry and control data to be transmitted, mission start time, preset mission level, real-time occupancy of high-frequency channels, link transmission loss, and environmental interference intensity.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the four-dimensional priority evaluation model in step S2 adopts a weighted scoring mechanism, and determines the weight of each dimension through the analytic hierarchy process. The weight of task urgency is 0.35, the weight of task importance is 0.3, the weight of data transmission volume is 0.2, and the weight of task deadline is 0.15. Based on the weighted score, the measurement and control tasks are divided into three levels: Level 1 urgent tasks, Level 2 routine tasks, and Level 3 low priority tasks.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency channel real-time state matrix in step S3 uses time slots as the basic unit, divides the unit scheduling period into several equal time slots, and each time slot is marked with channel occupancy status, remaining bandwidth, and transmission quality parameters, thereby realizing a refined digital representation of channel resources.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the satellite-ground collaborative scheduling algorithm described in step S4 takes "priority priority, resource balance, and optimal time slot" as its core principles. It prioritizes the allocation of high-quality idle channel time slots for high-priority tasks, performs time slot splicing and bandwidth adaptation for medium and low-priority tasks, avoids channel fragmentation and idleness, and at the same time constrains the maximum occupation time of a single satellite channel to prevent a single satellite from occupying a high-frequency channel for a long time, which would cause congestion of multiple satellite tasks.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic fine-tuning of scheduling parameters in step S5 specifically includes: when the channel transmission bit error rate is detected to be higher than a preset threshold, automatically reducing the current task transmission rate and expanding the time slot duration; when a high-priority burst task is detected, dynamically seizing idle time slots or migrating low-priority tasks to ensure that urgent tasks are executed first.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention breaks away from the rigid model of fixed time slots and fixed resource allocation in the traditional system. Through two-way linkage between onboard status perception and ground intelligent scheduling, it achieves dynamic adaptation of high-frequency telemetry and control resources, solving the core problems of uneven resource allocation and supply-demand imbalance in existing technologies.

[0018] 2. This invention integrates the core factors of multi-satellite task priority and channel real-time status to achieve hierarchical scheduling of tasks and precise matching of resources. It not only ensures the real-time performance and reliability of high-priority emergency telemetry and control tasks, but also makes full use of fragmented channel resources, greatly improving the multi-satellite time-division multiplexing efficiency of high-frequency telemetry and control channels. The channel resource utilization rate has increased from less than 60% in the past to more than 90%. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides an embodiment of a high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method, applied to a low-Earth orbit multi-satellite networking high-frequency telemetry and control system. The system includes one ground high-frequency telemetry and control base station and eight operational satellites in orbit. The high-frequency telemetry and control channel operates in the Ka band, with a scheduling period of 1 second and a single time slot duration of 10 ms. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0024] Step 1: Global Status Awareness Through Space-Ground Collaboration. The ground control center establishes a real-time space-ground awareness link with the eight in-orbit satellites, collecting multi-dimensional status data every millisecond, including the orbital attitude of each satellite, the amount of telemetry and control data to be transmitted, the mission type, and the mission deadline. At the same time, it monitors the occupancy status, signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, and bandwidth margin of each time slot of the Ka-band high-frequency channel in real time, completing the real-time acquisition and storage of global control data.

[0025] Step 2: Quantitative Assessment of Multi-Satellite Task Priorities. Based on a four-dimensional priority assessment model, the 12 pending telemetry and control tasks for the current 8 satellites are weighted and scored. Satellite fault diagnosis and emergency orbit calibration tasks are classified as Level 1 emergency tasks; routine attitude calibration and telemetry data upload tasks are classified as Level 2 routine tasks; satellite status inspection and low-capacity log transmission tasks are classified as Level 3 low-priority tasks. All tasks are then classified and prioritized.

[0026] Step 3: Dynamic analysis of channel status. The 1-second scheduling period is divided into 100 standard 10-second time slots. The channel status is detected in each time slot, and busy time slots, idle time slots, and slightly congested time slots are marked. The remaining bandwidth and transmission quality parameters of each idle time slot are calculated to generate a real-time high-frequency channel status matrix and accurately locate 28 fragmented idle time slot resources.

[0027] Step 4: Dynamic Balanced Allocation of Link Resources. Using a satellite-ground collaborative scheduling algorithm, high-signal-to-noise ratio continuous high-quality time slots are prioritized for the two Level 1 urgent tasks to ensure zero-delay task startup; continuous time slots with suitable bandwidth are matched for the six Level 2 routine tasks, and the time slot occupancy duration is dynamically adjusted according to data transmission volume; fragmented idle time slots are used to fill the four Level 3 low-priority tasks, while setting the maximum time slot occupancy ratio of a single satellite to no more than 15% to avoid monopolization of resources by a single satellite, thus achieving a balanced allocation of resources for the telemetry and control tasks of the eight satellites without task timing conflicts.

[0028] Step 5: Multi-satellite mission time-sharing execution. The ground control center issues scheduling instructions to control the high-frequency channels to respond to each satellite's telemetry and control missions according to a dynamic time sequence. During mission execution, the link status is monitored in real time. If a sudden Level 1 emergency mission occurs, the system immediately activates the time slot preemption mechanism, migrating the corresponding low-priority inspection mission to a spare idle time slot to ensure the immediate execution of the emergency mission. For two time slots with high transmission error rates, the system automatically fine-tunes to reduce the transmission rate and extend the time slot duration to ensure stable data transmission.

[0029] Step 6: Iterative optimization of scheduling parameters. At the end of this scheduling cycle, the channel resource utilization rate was 92.3%, the success rate of all high-priority tasks was 100%, and the overall number of task conflicts was 0. Based on this scheduling data, the weight parameters of data transmission volume in the priority evaluation model were fine-tuned, and the fragmented time slot matching algorithm was optimized to improve subsequent scheduling accuracy.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A design method for a high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Space-Ground Cooperative Status Awareness: The ground telemetry, tracking and command center collects the on-orbit operation status, telemetry and command mission parameters, and high-frequency channel occupancy data of multiple satellites in real time. At the same time, it receives the on-board resource status information fed back by the sensing modules of each satellite, and completes the full-domain collection of multi-dimensional scheduling factors. S2. Multi-satellite task priority quantitative evaluation: Based on the collected task parameters, a four-dimensional priority evaluation model is constructed, which includes task urgency, task importance, data transmission volume, and task deadline. This model completes the refined priority quantitative scoring and level classification of all pending measurement and control tasks. S3. Dynamic analysis of channel status: Real-time monitoring of idle time slots, occupied duration, channel signal-to-noise ratio, transmission bit error rate and link bandwidth margin of high-frequency measurement and control channels, marking the three working states of the channel as busy, idle and congested, and generating a real-time status matrix of high-frequency channels. S4. Dynamic Balanced Allocation of Link Resources: Combining the quantification results of multi-satellite mission priorities with the high-frequency channel state matrix, the satellite-ground collaborative scheduling algorithm dynamically matches telemetry and control missions with high-frequency channel resources, rationally allocates channel occupancy time slots and transmission bandwidth for each satellite mission, and avoids mission timing conflicts. S5. Multi-satellite mission time-sharing multiplexing execution: According to the dynamically allocated scheduling scheme, the high-frequency telemetry and control channel is controlled to respond to the telemetry and control missions of each satellite in a time-sharing manner, and the mission execution status and link transmission quality are monitored synchronously in real time. The scheduling parameters are dynamically fine-tuned to complete the efficient multiplexing transmission of multi-satellite telemetry and control missions.

2. The high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional scheduling factors mentioned in step S1 include satellite orbital position, attitude angle, onboard power, amount of telemetry and control data to be transmitted, mission start time, preset mission level, real-time occupancy of high-frequency channels, link transmission loss, and environmental interference intensity.

3. The high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-dimensional priority evaluation model described in step S2 adopts a weighted scoring mechanism and determines the weight of each dimension through the analytic hierarchy process. The weight of task urgency is 0.35, the weight of task importance is 0.3, the weight of data transmission volume is 0.2, and the weight of task deadline is 0.

15. Based on the weighted score, the measurement and control tasks are divided into three levels: Level 1 urgent tasks, Level 2 routine tasks, and Level 3 low priority tasks.

4. The high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency channel real-time state matrix described in step S3 uses time slots as the basic unit, dividing the unit scheduling period into several equal time slots. Each time slot is marked with the channel occupancy status, remaining bandwidth, and transmission quality parameters, thereby realizing a refined digital representation of channel resources.

5. The high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite-ground collaborative scheduling algorithm described in step S4 takes "priority priority, resource balance, and optimal time slot" as its core principles. It prioritizes the allocation of high-quality idle channel time slots for high-priority tasks, and performs time slot splicing and bandwidth adaptation for medium and low-priority tasks to avoid channel fragmentation and idleness. At the same time, it constrains the maximum occupation time of a single satellite channel to prevent a single satellite from occupying a high-frequency channel for a long time, which would cause congestion of multiple satellite tasks.

6. The high-frequency satellite data telemetry and control link design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic fine-tuning of scheduling parameters in step S5 specifically includes: when the channel transmission bit error rate is detected to be higher than the preset threshold, automatically reducing the current task transmission rate and expanding the time slot duration; when a high-priority burst task is detected, dynamically seizing idle time slots or migrating low-priority tasks to ensure that urgent tasks are executed first.

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