Switch and heat dissipation protection method

Abstract

This application discloses a switch and a heat dissipation protection method, relating to the field of switch technology. By acquiring data such as access signals, response signals, power supply voltage, and switch temperature, the method records the timing duration of access and response signals and compares the timing duration with a time threshold to determine the operating status of modules such as processing units and switching units. It also uses the power supply voltage and compares it with a fault voltage threshold to determine the operating status of the power supply module. When the switch device is in a fault state, a power-off action is performed. Real-time monitoring of the switch temperature and operating status enables rapid heat dissipation of the circuit board, improving the timeliness of heat dissipation strategy implementation and the safety of the switch, reducing the risk of switch failure, and solving problems such as poor timeliness of heat dissipation strategy implementation and insufficient protection of switching chips when the switch junction temperature is too high in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat dissipation technology for switches, and more particularly to switches and heat dissipation protection methods. Background Technology

[0002] Switches used in data centers primarily connect all aggregation layer devices, providing ultra-high bandwidth for big data computing. To meet performance requirements, switches typically need to dissipate heat in a timely manner. When performing heat dissipation actions on a switch, temperature data from temperature sensors inside the switch's switching unit (the switch's interaction chip) is usually obtained, and heat dissipation actions are performed on the switch based on the temperature data.

[0003] However, in related technologies, the switching unit may experience a rapid increase in temperature over a short period of time, causing the junction temperature of the switching unit to become too high. This leads to the failure of the temperature sensor, which is the basis for the heat dissipation action. Consequently, the heat dissipation action cannot be performed, resulting in the overheating and damage of the switching unit of the switch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a switch and a heat dissipation protection method to at least solve the problems in the related art, such as the inability of the switch to perform heat dissipation actions when the junction temperature of the switching unit is too high, causing the temperature sensor to fail and resulting in overheating damage to the switching unit.

[0005] This application provides a switch, comprising: a switching unit, wherein at least one first temperature sensor is disposed therein; a power module connected to the switching unit to supply power to the switching unit; a processing unit connected to the switching unit, which acquires a first operating temperature of the switching unit from the at least one first temperature sensor, and generates a first power-off control command for the switching unit when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, and controls the power module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the first power-off control command; and a logic unit connected to the switching unit, the processing unit, and the power module respectively, which generates a second power-off control command for the switching unit when it detects that the operating state of at least one of the switching unit, the processing unit, and the power module is in a fault state, and controls the power module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the second power-off control command.

[0006] This application also provides a heat dissipation protection method for a switch, which is applied to the logic unit of the switch described above. The method includes the following steps: acquiring at least one of an access signal of a processing unit, a response signal of a switching unit, and a power supply voltage; determining the operating state of the processing unit based on the access signal, determining the operating state of the switching unit based on the response signal, and determining the operating state of the power supply module based on the power supply voltage; when a fault state is detected in at least one of the switching unit, the processing unit, and the power supply module, generating a second power-off control command for the switching unit, and controlling the power supply module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the second power-off control command.

[0007] This application involves installing modules such as switching units, power modules, processing units, and logic units on the circuit board of a switch. It acquires data such as access signals, response signals, power supply voltage, and switch temperature. By recording the duration of access and response signals identified by the logic unit and comparing the recorded duration with a time threshold, the operating status of the processing unit, switching unit, and other modules is determined. Similarly, by recording the power supply voltage of the switching unit and comparing it with a fault voltage threshold, the operating status of at least one of the switching unit, processing unit, and power module is determined. When at least one of these operating states is faulty, the logic unit controls the switching unit to perform a power-off action to prevent overheating due to inability to perform heat dissipation actions. This timely power-off action effectively protects the switching unit, preventing damage from overheating and reducing the risk of switch failure. Therefore, it solves the problem in related technologies where excessive junction temperature of the switching unit leads to temperature sensor failure, preventing the switch from performing heat dissipation actions and causing overheating damage. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a switch provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating an identification polling operation access protocol provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating an identification response operation access protocol provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a heat dissipation protection method for a switch provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0011] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0012] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] The specific application environment architecture or specific hardware architecture on which the switch depends for execution is described here.

[0014] Embodiments of this application provide a switch, which is described in detail below.

[0015] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a switch provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the switch 100 includes: a switching unit 101, a power module 102, a processing unit 103, and a logic unit 104.

[0017] The system includes a switching unit 101, which is equipped with at least one first temperature sensor; a power module 102, which is connected to the switching unit 101 and supplies power to the switching unit 101; a processing unit 103, which is connected to the switching unit 101 and obtains a first operating temperature of the switching unit 101 from the at least one first temperature sensor. When the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, the processing unit 103 generates a first power-off control command for the switching unit 101 and controls the power module 102 to perform a power-off action on the switching unit 101 based on the first power-off control command; and a logic unit 104, which is connected to the switching unit 101, the processing unit 103, and the power module 102 respectively. When it detects that the operating state of at least one of the switching unit 101, the processing unit 103, and the power module 102 is in a fault state, the logic unit 104 generates a second power-off control command for the switching unit 101 and controls the power module 102 to perform a power-off action on the switching unit 101 based on the second power-off control command.

[0018] The first temperature sensor is a temperature detection element installed inside the switching unit 101 to collect the physical temperature signal of the switching unit 101 in real time during its operation; the first operating temperature is the temperature data obtained from the first temperature sensor that reflects the real-time operating status of the switching unit 101; the temperature threshold is a quantitative temperature critical value that the system pre-sets to determine whether the switching unit 101 is in an overheating risk state; the temperature threshold is the critical temperature value that the system pre-sets to determine whether the switching unit 101 is in an overheating risk state; the first power-off control command is a control signal generated by the logic unit 104 to control the power module 102 to cut off the power supply to the switching unit 101 when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold; the fault state refers to the operating state in which one or more of the switching unit 101, processing unit 103, and power module 102 are malfunctioning or unable to meet the working requirements; the second power-off control command is a control signal generated by the logic unit 104 to control the power module 102 to cut off the power supply to the switching unit 101 when the logic unit 104 detects that at least one of the switching unit 101, processing unit 103, and power module 102 is in a fault state.

[0019] It is understood that the switch 100 includes a switching unit 101, a power module 102, a processing unit 103, and a logic unit 104. The power module 102 is used to supply power to the switching unit 101. The processing unit 103 is used to obtain the first operating temperature of the switching unit 101 from the first temperature sensor, generate a first power-off control command, and execute a power-off action on the switching unit 101. The logic unit 104 is used to detect fault conditions, generate a second power-off control command, and execute a power-off action. By monitoring the temperature of the switching chip in real time, when the operating temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, or when the operating state is a fault state, the power supply can be cut off in time through the power-off action to prevent the temperature from continuing to rise. Thus, when at least one of the switching unit, processing unit, and power module is in a fault state, the logic unit controls the switching unit to execute a power-off action to avoid the switching unit from overheating due to the inability to perform heat dissipation actions. The timely power-off action effectively protects the switching unit, avoids damage from overheating, reduces the failure risk of the switch, protects the core hardware of the switching unit 101, and controls the power-off of the switching unit in a timely manner to avoid the risk of damage from overheating.

[0020] Specifically, the switch 100 includes a switching unit 101, a power module 102, a processing unit 103, and a logic unit 104. The switching unit 101 is equipped with a first temperature sensor, which is used to collect temperature signals in real time during the operation of the switching unit 101 and output the first operating temperature of the switching unit 101, providing the processing unit 103 with raw data to determine whether the switching unit 101 is overheating.

[0021] The power module 102 is connected to the switching unit 101, providing energy for the operation of the switch 100 system, supplying power to the switching unit 101 of the switch 100, and performing a power-off action on the switching unit 101 according to the first power-off control command and the second power-off control command.

[0022] The processing unit 103 is connected to the switching unit 101. The processing unit 103 collects the first operating temperature obtained by the first temperature sensor in the switching unit 101 to ensure the real-time performance and availability of the temperature data. When the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold value that the system has preset to determine whether the switching unit 101 is in an overheat risk state, the processing unit 103 generates a first power-off control command for the switching unit 101. The processing unit 103 sends the first power-off control command to the power module 102 to perform a power-off action on the switching unit 101, driving the power module 102 to quickly cut off the power supply to the switching unit 101.

[0023] The logic unit 104 is connected to the switching unit 101, the processing unit 103, and the power module 102 respectively. It can collect the operating status data of each component and send control commands to the power module 102. The logic unit 104 is used to detect whether the components are in a fault state in real time. If the logic determines that at least one component is in a fault state, it is determined that the switch 100 system is in a fault state. The logic unit 104 generates a second power-off control command for the switching unit 101. The logic unit 104 sends the second power-off control command to the power module 102 to perform a power-off action on the switching unit 101, driving the power module 102 to quickly cut off the power supply to the switching unit 101.

[0024] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the processing unit 103 performs a polling operation on the switching unit 101 through an access signal at preset intervals to obtain the first operating temperature of the switching unit 101 from at least one first temperature sensor; the logic unit 104 identifies the polling operation of the processing unit 103 according to the access signal, and after identifying the polling operation of the processing unit 103, controls the first timer to be cleared and then starts to start timing again, obtains the first timing duration of the first timer, and if the first timing duration is greater than the preset first duration threshold, then determines that the operating state of the processing unit 103 is a fault state.

[0025] The preset period is a fixed time interval set in advance for the processing unit 103 to send an access signal to the exchange unit 101 and acquire temperature data; the access signal is a standardized signal sent by the processing unit 103 to the exchange unit 101 to request the acquisition of data from the first temperature sensor; the polling operation is a periodic repetitive operation in which the processing unit 103 actively requests and acquires the first working temperature collected by the first temperature sensor by sending an access signal to the exchange unit 101 according to the preset period; the first timer is a timing module integrated inside the logic unit 104 specifically used to record the length of time from the last time the access signal in the processing unit 103 was identified to the current time; the first timing duration is the actual length of time accumulated from the last time the first timer was reset to the current time; and the first duration threshold is a preset time threshold value used to determine whether the polling operation of the processing unit 103 has timed out.

[0026] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, the logic unit 104 identifies the first timing duration of the access signal recorded in the first timer and compares the first timing duration with a first duration threshold. If the first timing duration is greater than the first duration threshold, the operating state of the processing unit 103 is determined to be a fault state. By having the first timing duration of the access signal exceed the first duration threshold, the fault state of the processing unit 103 is accurately monitored, the risk of over-temperature fault of the processing unit 103 is reduced, and the robustness of the switch 100 system is ensured.

[0027] Specifically, after the switch 100 system starts up, the processing unit 103 loads preset parameters, defines the preset period, and stores the communication protocol of the first temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor in the switching unit 101 waits for the access signal from the switching unit 101. The processing unit 103 and the switching unit 101 establish a stable communication link through such as an internal bus or an IIC link.

[0028] The processing unit 103 has a built-in first timer that starts counting from system startup or the end of the last polling operation and stops counting from the start of the next polling operation. The duration of the first timer from system startup to the start of the first polling operation or the end of the last polling operation to the start of the next polling operation is recorded as the first time duration. The first time duration is compared with a first duration threshold. If the first time duration is greater than the preset first duration threshold, the operating state of the processing unit 103 is determined to be a fault state.

[0029] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the logic unit 104 identifies the first target field from the access signal, parses the first signal waveform of the first target field in the access signal, and identifies the polling operation of the processing unit 103 based on the first signal waveform and the preset first reference waveform.

[0030] The first target field is an identification field in the access signal used to identify the polling operation; the first signal waveform is the electrical signal waveform presented by the first target field during physical transmission; and the first reference waveform is a standard electrical signal waveform pre-stored in the logic unit 104 that matches the first target field corresponding to the polling operation.

[0031] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, the logic unit 104 of the switch 100 identifies the first target field from the access signal, parses the first signal waveform in the first target field, and, based on the first signal waveform and the polling operation of the pre-set first reference waveform identification processing unit 103, excludes irrelevant signals through field filtering, filters out distortion interference, realizes hardware recognition, ensures recognition accuracy, and guarantees the orderliness and accuracy of device interaction.

[0032] Specifically, the access signal is transmitted through various signals, such as the IIC (Inter-Integrated Circuit) and internal bus communication links. These signals can interfere with the polling operation identification. First, the logic unit 104 pre-defines the IIC communication protocol of the access signal and clarifies the key parameters of the first target field. Then, when the access signal is transmitted through the IIC bus communication link, the signal receiving module of the logic unit 104 first captures the entire original signal, and then extracts the corresponding data segment from the entire signal based on the start position and length of the field. Finally, the content of the data segment is verified by the identifier. If it matches the preset field identifier, the data segment is confirmed as the first target field; if it does not match, it is determined to be a non-polling signal and is discarded directly without further parsing.

[0033] The logic unit 104 obtains the key parameters of the first signal waveform by sampling the actual electrical signal corresponding to the first target field, so that the first target field is transformed into a recognizable first signal waveform. The parameters of the first signal waveform, such as the level, duration, and edge changes, are unique.

[0034] During the deployment of the switch 100 system, the first target field corresponding to the normal polling operation of the processing unit 103 is converted into a standard electrical signal waveform, i.e., the first reference waveform, and then stored in the storage module of the logic unit 104. The logic unit 104 compares the actual parameters of the first signal waveform with the standard parameters of the first reference waveform one by one to verify whether the first signal waveform matches the first reference waveform. If all key parameters meet the matching rules, the logic unit 104 determines that the current access signal corresponds to the polling operation of the processing unit 103. If any parameter does not match, the logic unit 104 determines that the current signal is not the polling operation of the processing unit 103, does not trigger subsequent actions, and continues to listen for the next access signal.

[0035] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the processing unit 103 and the switching unit 101 communicate through a pre-set access protocol. The first target field includes at least one of the start bit, device address field and read / write bit in the access protocol. The processing unit 103 generates an access signal based on at least one of the start bit, device address field and read / write bit.

[0036] Among them, the start bit is a level signal in the access protocol that marks the start of communication; the device address field is a unique identifier field in the access protocol that represents the switching unit 101; the read / write bit is a 1-bit field in the access protocol that controls the direction of communication. The read / write bit occupies only 1 binary bit and has a value of 0 or 1.

[0037] It is understood that the access signal in this embodiment is generated by the start bit, device address field and read / write bit in the first target field. By focusing on the start bit, device address field and read / write bit to generate the access signal, a standardized signal generation basis is provided for the processing unit 103. This achieves accurate matching between the generation of the access signal and the receiving state of the switching unit 101, reduces the signal error rate caused by interference from irrelevant fields, ensures the orderliness and accuracy of communication between the processing unit 103 and the switching unit 101, and improves the overall operating efficiency.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first target field that logic unit 104 needs to identify is Figure 2 The three fields in the red box area, namely the start bit, the device address field, and the read / write bit, are represented by the first signal waveform, which is the electrical signal waveform corresponding to the three fields: the start bit, the device address field, and the read / write bit. The start bit in the access signal is a communication start marker, informing the processing unit 103 that communication is about to begin. This is used to achieve synchronization of communication timing. In the waveform of the start bit, when the clock line is high, the data line transitions from high to low. The device address segment in the access signal is a unique identifier for the processing unit 103, enabling precise location of the communication object in multi-device interconnection scenarios. The I2C device address segment in the waveform of the processing unit 103 is typically 7 bits, with each bit's level corresponding to the unique identifier of the slave device. The read / write bit in the access signal defines the data interaction's read segment / or write segment operation type. The read / write bit waveform is a 1-bit level signal. Figure 2 A high level indicates that the segment is a read operation segment.

[0039] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, after recognizing the access signal of the processing unit 103, the switching unit 101 performs a response operation on the processing unit 103 through a response signal to send the first operating temperature obtained by at least one first temperature sensor to the processing unit 103; the logic unit 104 recognizes the response operation of the switching unit 101 according to the response signal, and after recognizing the response operation of the logic unit 104, controls the second timer to be cleared and then starts to start timing again, obtains the second timing duration of the second timer, and if the second timing duration is greater than the preset second duration threshold, then the operating state of the switching unit 101 is determined to be a fault state.

[0040] Among them, the response operation is the feedback operation made by the switching unit 101 to the access request of the processing unit 103; the response signal is the feedback signal of the switching unit 101 in response to the access signal of the processing unit 103; the second timer is a timing module integrated inside the logic unit 104, which is specifically used to record the time length from the last time the response signal in the processing unit 103 was identified to the current time; the second timing duration is the actual time length accumulated from the second timer restarting after being cleared last time to the current time; the second duration threshold is a preset time threshold value used to determine whether the response operation of the processing unit 103 has timed out and not been executed.

[0041] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, the logic unit 104 identifies the second timing duration of the response signal recorded in the second timer and compares the second timing duration with a second duration threshold. If the second timing duration is greater than the second duration threshold, the operating state of the switching unit 101 is determined to be a fault state. By having the second timing duration of the response signal exceed the second duration threshold, the fault state of the switching unit 101 is accurately monitored, the risk of over-temperature faults in the switching unit 101 is reduced, and the robustness of the switch 100 system is ensured.

[0042] Specifically, after recognizing the access signal of the processing unit 103, the switching unit 101 generates a response signal to the processing unit 103. The response signal includes a first operating temperature obtained by at least one first temperature sensor. The switching unit 101 performs a response operation to the processing unit 103 by sending the response signal, and sends the first operating temperature in the response signal to the processing unit 103. The logic unit 104 controls the first timer to start timing from the last time the switching unit 101 completed a response operation until the next response operation begins. The second timer counts the duration from the last time the logic unit 104 completed a response operation to the start of the next response operation, which is recorded as the second timing duration. The second timing duration is compared with a second duration threshold. If the second timing duration is greater than the preset second duration threshold, the operating state of the switching unit 101 is determined to be a fault state.

[0043] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the logic unit 104 identifies the second target field from the access signal, parses the second signal waveform of the second target field in the access signal, and identifies the response operation of the switching unit 101 based on the second signal waveform and the preset second reference waveform.

[0044] The second target field is an identifier field in the response signal used to identify the response operation; the second signal waveform is the electrical signal waveform presented by the second target field during physical transmission; and the second reference waveform is a standard electrical signal waveform pre-stored in the logic unit 104 that matches the second target field corresponding to the response operation.

[0045] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, the logic unit 104 of the switch 100 identifies the second target field from the access signal, parses the second signal waveform in the second target field, and identifies the response operation of the processing unit 103 based on the second signal waveform and the pre-set second reference waveform. Irrelevant signals are eliminated through field filtering, and distortion interference is filtered out, so as to realize hardware recognition and ensure recognition accuracy.

[0046] Specifically, the access signal is transmitted through various signals, such as IIC and internal bus communication links. These signals can interfere with the polling operation identification. First, the logic unit 104 pre-defines the IIC communication protocol of the access signal and clarifies the key parameters of the second target field. Then, when the access signal is transmitted through the IIC bus communication link, the signal receiving module of the logic unit 104 first captures the entire original signal, and then extracts the corresponding data segment from the entire signal by the start position and length of the field. Finally, the content of the data segment is verified by the identifier. If it matches the preset field identifier, the data segment is confirmed as the second target field; if it does not match, it is determined to be a non-response signal and is discarded directly without proceeding to subsequent parsing.

[0047] The logic unit 104 obtains the key parameters of the second signal waveform by sampling the actual electrical signal corresponding to the second target field, so that the second target field is transformed into a recognizable second signal waveform. The parameters of the second signal waveform, such as the level, duration, and edge changes, are unique.

[0048] When the switch 100 system is deployed, the first target field corresponding to the normal polling operation of the processing unit 103 is converted into a standard electrical signal waveform, i.e., the first reference waveform, and then stored in the storage module of the logic unit 104.

[0049] The logic unit 104 compares the actual parameters of the second signal waveform with the standard parameters of the second reference waveform one by one to verify whether the second signal waveform matches the second reference waveform. If all key parameters meet the matching rules, the logic unit 104 determines that the current access signal corresponds to the response operation of the processing unit 103. If any parameter does not match, the logic unit 104 determines that the current signal is not the response operation of the processing unit 103, does not trigger subsequent actions, and continues to listen for the next response signal.

[0050] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the processing unit 103 and the switching unit 101 communicate through a pre-set access protocol, the second target field includes a response bit in the access protocol, and the switching unit 101 generates a response signal based on the response bit.

[0051] The acknowledgment bit is a signal in the access protocol used to indicate whether the receiver has successfully received the sender's data in the next attempt.

[0052] It is understood that the access signal in this embodiment is generated by the response bit in the second target field. By generating the access signal through the focus protocol response bit, a standardized signal generation basis is provided for the processing unit 103, which realizes the precise matching between the generation of the access signal and the receiving state of the switching unit 101, reduces the signal error rate caused by interference from irrelevant fields, ensures the orderliness and accuracy of communication between the processing unit 103 and the switching unit 101, and improves the overall operating efficiency.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second target field to be identified by logic unit 104 is the acknowledgment bit, which is located after the device address segment and the read / write bit in the access protocol timing. The second signal waveform is the electrical signal waveform corresponding to the acknowledgment bit. The acknowledge bit in the access signal is used to quickly confirm the reception status of the response signal. Only when the next switching unit 101 generates a valid acknowledge bit will a complete response signal containing actual data be generated subsequently. The second signal waveform is the bus level waveform corresponding to the acknowledge bit. According to the I2C next protocol, after the processing unit 103 sends the start bit, device address segment, and read / write bit, it will release the control of the next data line. At this time, the switching unit 101 generates the acknowledge bit waveform by controlling the level of the next signal. If the switching unit 101 works normally in the next signal, it will pull the next signal to a low level. The timing waveform of the low level of the next signal is the second signal waveform to be analyzed.

[0054] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, when the processing unit 103 detects that the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, it controls the second timer to start timing, obtains the third timing duration of the second timer, if the third timing duration is less than or equal to the preset third duration threshold, and the first operating temperature is less than the temperature threshold, it controls the third timer to be cleared, if the third timing duration is greater than the third duration threshold, it generates the first power-off control command of the switching unit 101.

[0055] The third timing duration is the actual time accumulated from the last reset to the current moment when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold. The third duration threshold is a preset time threshold used to determine whether the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold and has not been executed within the time limit. The third power-off control command is a control signal generated by the logic unit 104 when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, which is used to control the power module 102 to cut off the power supply to the switching unit 101.

[0056] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, when the processing unit 103 detects that the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, it identifies the third timing duration recorded in the second timer when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, compares the third timing duration with the third timing threshold, and if the temperature returns to normal within the buffer period, the timing is reset to zero and operation is maintained, thus avoiding interference with services caused by false triggering and ensuring the rigor of the protection mechanism. After confirming the continuous high temperature, the power supply to the switching unit 101 is immediately cut off through the first power-off control command to prevent the fault from spreading to other modules, reduce the overall loss caused by the fault, realize hardware protection and fault isolation of the switching unit 101, ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment, and reduce operation and maintenance costs and fault risks.

[0057] Specifically, when the processing unit 103 detects that the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the second timer of the processing unit 103 starts counting. The length of time from when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold to the current time is the third timing duration. The processing unit 103 judges the relationship between the third timing duration and the third timing threshold. When the third timing duration is less than or equal to the third timing threshold, the processing unit 103 judges the relationship between the first operating temperature and the temperature threshold. When the third timing duration is less than or equal to the third timing threshold and the first operating temperature is less than the temperature threshold, it means that there is no fault risk. At this time, the third timer can be controlled to be cleared. When the third timing duration is greater than the third timing threshold, it means that there is a fault risk. At this time, the first power-off control command of the switching unit 101 needs to be generated to control the power supply module 102 to perform a power-off action on the switching unit 101.

[0058] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the logic unit 104 detects the power supply voltage of the switching unit 101 through a simulated analog-to-digital converter interface, and determines that the operating state of the power module is a fault state when the power supply voltage is greater than a preset fault voltage.

[0059] Among them, the supply voltage is the actual voltage value output by the power module to the switching unit 101; the fault voltage is a preset voltage threshold used to determine whether the power module is faulty.

[0060] It is understood that the logic unit 104 in this embodiment detects the power supply voltage of the switching unit 101 through the analog-to-digital converter interface. By comparing the power supply voltage with the preset fault voltage, if the power supply voltage is greater than the preset fault voltage, the operating state of the power module is determined to be a fault state. Overvoltage risk can be captured in real time, and power supply fault can be determined in a timely manner. The source of the fault can be identified without disassembling the switching unit 101, the power module problem can be accurately located, the maintenance troubleshooting time can be greatly shortened, and the problem solving efficiency can be improved.

[0061] Specifically, the logic unit 104 first establishes a detection connection with the power supply node of the switching unit 101 through an analog-to-digital converter interface. It detects the power supply voltage of the switching unit 101 through the analog-to-digital converter, and collects the analog signal of the power supply voltage of the switching unit 101. Then, by replacing the traditional dedicated interface circuit with digital logic, the analog-to-digital converter interface converts the collected analog power supply voltage signal into a digital signal that the logic unit 104 can recognize and process, generates the control timing required by the analog-to-digital converter, and drives the analog-to-digital converter to complete the conversion of analog voltage to digital quantity. Next, it is input to the logic unit 104. The logic unit 104 has a preset fault voltage stored inside. After receiving the digital signal, it compares the voltage value with the fault voltage to determine whether the current converted power supply voltage is greater than the preset fault voltage. If the power supply voltage is greater than the preset fault voltage, the logic unit 104 determines that the operating state of the power module is a fault state.

[0062] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the switch 100 further includes: a circuit board, on which the switching unit 101, the processing unit 103, the power module 102 and the logic unit 104 are disposed. The circuit board is also provided with a fan and at least one second temperature sensor. The processing unit 103 is connected to the fan and at least one second temperature sensor. The processing unit 103 obtains the second operating temperature of the circuit board from the at least one second temperature sensor, generates a fan speed control command based on the second operating temperature, and controls the fan speed based on the speed control command to perform heat dissipation action on the circuit board.

[0063] The circuit board serves as a support platform for the physical fixation and electrical interconnection of all hardware components, including the switching unit 101, processing unit 103, power module 102, logic unit 104, fan, and second temperature sensor, through pre-set copper foil lines, pads, and mounting holes. The fan, mounted on the circuit board, generates airflow through rotation to dissipate heat generated by the switching unit 101, power module 102, and the circuit board during operation. The second temperature sensor, a second operating temperature sensor, is a temperature monitoring component fixed on the circuit board for real-time acquisition of the circuit board's temperature data. The second operating temperature is the current actual temperature of the circuit board, acquired in real-time by the second temperature sensor. The speed control command is a control command generated by the processing unit 103 based on the second operating temperature to adjust the fan speed.

[0064] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, the switching unit 101, processing unit 103, power module 102, logic unit 104, fan, and second temperature sensor of the switch 100 are disposed on the circuit board. The processing unit 103 obtains the second operating temperature of the circuit board from the second temperature sensor, generates a fan speed control command, and controls the fan speed. This enables real-time monitoring of the switch temperature and operating status, and allows for rapid response and isolation of fault conditions. This ensures hardware security, maintains stable equipment performance, improves the timeliness of switch security protection, and guarantees continuous operation of services and the service life of the equipment.

[0065] Specifically, the fan is directly connected to the processing unit 103 and receives the speed control command output by the processing unit 103. The fan speed can be dynamically adjusted according to the speed control command. When the second operating temperature of the circuit board is low, the speed control command controls the fan to run at a low speed. When the temperature rises, the speed control command controls the fan to run at a high speed to achieve heat dissipation and make up for the insufficient heat dissipation of high-density heat-generating components such as the switching unit 101 and the power module 102, so as to maintain the circuit board and each unit within the preset safe temperature range.

[0066] In summary, the switch proposed in this application, by installing switching units, processing units, power modules, logic units, fans, temperature sensors, and other devices on the switch's circuit board, acquires data such as access signals, response signals, power supply voltage, and switch temperature. It records the access and response signals identified by the logic unit for a specific duration and compares this duration with a time threshold to determine the operating status of modules such as the processing unit and switching unit. It also records the power supply voltage of the switching unit and compares it with a fault voltage threshold to determine the operating status of the power supply module. When at least one of the switching unit, processing unit, or power module is in a fault state, the logic unit controls the switching unit to perform a power-off action to prevent overheating due to the inability to perform heat dissipation actions. This timely power-off action effectively protects the switching unit, preventing damage from overheating, reducing the switch's failure risk, and improving the timeliness and effectiveness of switch safety protection.

[0067] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0068] Embodiments of this application also provide a heat dissipation protection method for a switch, which is applied to the logic unit of the switch.

[0069] Figure 4 The heat dissipation protection method for a switch provided in this application includes the following steps: In step S401, at least one of the following is acquired: the access signal of the processing unit, the response signal of the switching unit, and the power supply voltage.

[0070] It is understood that by acquiring the access signal of the processing unit, the response signal of the switching unit, and the power supply voltage, the embodiments of this application can determine whether the processing unit, the switching unit, and the logic unit are in a fault state, thereby enabling early identification of anomalies and locating the root cause of the problem, ensuring the long-term, stable, and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0071] Specifically, the access signals of the processing unit can reflect whether the processing unit has normal instruction initiation and interaction capabilities. By obtaining the access signals, it can be determined whether the processing unit is in normal working condition and whether the access logic is abnormal. For example, no access signal for a long time may mean that the processing unit has crashed and needs to be restarted or protected. Frequent failure of access signals may indicate a communication link failure between the processing unit and other units. The response signal of the switching unit can reflect whether the functions of data exchange and port communication of the switching unit are normal. By obtaining the response signal, it can be determined whether the switching unit can receive and execute the instructions of the processing unit normally, whether there is a delay or packet loss in data forwarding, and whether the core chip of the switching unit is malfunctioning. For example, if there is no response signal after the processing unit initiates an access, it may be a switching unit failure or a data link interruption. It is necessary to investigate in time to avoid service interruption. The power supply voltage is a prerequisite for the operation of all electronic units. The stability of the power supply voltage determines whether the equipment can operate normally. By obtaining the power supply voltage, it is possible to determine in real time whether the power module output is stable and whether there are poor contacts or abnormal losses in the power supply circuit.

[0072] This application embodiment can determine whether the processing unit, switching unit and logic unit are in a fault state by acquiring the access signal of the processing unit, the response signal of the switching unit and the power supply voltage, thereby realizing early identification of anomalies and locating the root cause of the problem, ensuring the long-term, stable and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0073] In step S402, the operating status of the processing unit is determined based on the access signal, the operating status of the switching unit is determined based on the response signal, and the operating status of the power supply module is determined based on the power supply voltage.

[0074] It is understood that by using access signals to determine the operating status of the processing unit, using response signals to determine the operating status of the switching unit, and using supply voltage to determine the operating status of the power module, the embodiments of this application can identify anomalies in advance and locate the root cause of problems, thus ensuring the long-term, stable and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0075] Specifically, after the switch system starts up, the processing unit loads preset parameters, defines a preset period, and stores the communication protocol of the first temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor in the switching unit waits for the access signal from the switching unit. The processing unit and the switching unit establish a stable communication link through an internal bus, IIC link, etc. The processing unit has a built-in first timer that starts counting from system startup or the end of the last polling operation and stops counting from the start of the next polling operation. The duration of the first timer from system startup to the start of the first polling operation or from the end of the last polling operation to the start of the next polling operation is recorded as the first timer duration. The first timer duration is compared with a first duration threshold. If the first timer duration is greater than the preset first duration threshold, the operating state of the processing unit is determined to be a fault state, thus realizing the determination of the operating state of the processing unit based on the access signal.

[0076] After recognizing the access signal of the processing unit, the switching unit generates a response signal to the processing unit. The response signal includes a first operating temperature obtained by at least one first temperature sensor. The switching unit performs a response operation to the processing unit by sending the response signal, and sends the first operating temperature in the response signal to the processing unit. The processing unit has a built-in second timer that starts counting from the last time the switching unit completes a response operation and stops counting from the start of the next response operation. The duration of the second timer from the last time the logic unit completes a response operation to the start of the next response operation is recorded as the second timing duration. The second timing duration is compared with a second duration threshold. If the second timing duration is greater than the preset second duration threshold, the operating state of the switching unit is determined to be a fault state, thus realizing the determination of the operating state of the switching unit based on the response signal.

[0077] The logic unit first establishes a detection connection with the power supply node of the switching unit through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) interface. It detects the power supply voltage of the switching unit using the ADC, acquiring the analog signal. Then, replacing the traditional dedicated interface circuit with digital logic, the ADC interface converts the acquired analog power supply voltage signal into a digital signal that the logic unit can recognize and process. This generates the control timing required by the ADC, driving it to complete the analog-to-digital conversion. The signal is then input to the logic unit, which has a pre-stored fault voltage. After receiving the digital signal, the logic unit compares the voltage value with the fault voltage to determine if the current converted power supply voltage is greater than the pre-stored fault voltage. If the power supply voltage is greater than the pre-stored fault voltage, the logic unit determines that the power module's operating state is faulty, thus enabling the determination of the power module's operating state based on the power supply voltage.

[0078] This application embodiment uses access signals to determine the operating status of the processing unit, response signals to determine the operating status of the switching unit, and supply voltage to determine the operating status of the power module. This enables early identification of anomalies and location of the root cause of problems, ensuring the long-term, stable, and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0079] In step S403, when it is detected that the operating state of at least one of the switching unit, processing unit and power module is in a fault state, a second power-off control command for the switching unit is generated, and the power module is controlled to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the second power-off control command.

[0080] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, when the operating state of at least one of the switching unit, processing unit and power module is detected to be in a fault state, a second power-off control command is generated for the switching unit, and the power module is controlled to perform a power-off action on the switching unit. By quickly powering off, the duration of the fault is reduced, the impact of service interruption is reduced, and the scope of fault investigation is quickly located, thus protecting hardware security, simplifying fault investigation, and achieving the integrity and security of data transmission.

[0081] Specifically, if the processing unit fails, the switching unit may receive incorrect forwarding instructions, leading to problems such as data packet loss, transmission delay, and accidental port disconnection; if the power module fails, the switching unit may operate intermittently under unstable power supply, leading to problems such as data transmission interruption and errors in transmitted data, affecting services that rely on the switch; if the switching unit itself fails, continued operation may cause the entire communication link to be interrupted, triggering problems such as multi-device linkage failures.

[0082] When the processing unit detects that the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, the second timer of the processing unit starts counting. The length of time from when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold to the current time is the third timing duration. The processing unit judges the relationship between the third timing duration and the third timing threshold. When the third timing duration is less than or equal to the third timing threshold, the processing unit judges the relationship between the first operating temperature and the temperature threshold. When the third timing duration is less than or equal to the third timing threshold and the first operating temperature is less than the temperature threshold, it means there is no fault risk. At this time, the third timer can be reset to zero. When the third timing duration is greater than the third timing threshold, it means there is a fault risk. At this time, the first power-off control command of the switching unit needs to be generated to control the power module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit.

[0083] This application embodiment generates a second power-off control command for the switching unit when at least one of the switching unit, processing unit, and power module is detected to be in a fault state, and controls the power module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit. By quickly cutting off the power, the duration of the fault is reduced, the impact of service interruption is reduced, and the scope of fault investigation is quickly located. This protects hardware security, simplifies fault investigation, and ensures the integrity and security of data transmission.

[0084] In summary, the heat dissipation protection method for switches proposed in this application acquires data such as access signals, response signals, power supply voltage, and switch temperature. It records the timing duration of the access and response signals identified by the logic unit and compares the timing duration with a time threshold to determine the operating status of modules such as the processing unit and switching unit. It records the power supply voltage of the switching unit and compares it with a fault voltage threshold to determine the operating status of at least one of the switching unit, processing unit, and power module. When at least one of the switching unit, processing unit, and power module is in a fault state, the logic unit controls the switching unit to perform a power-off action to prevent overheating due to the inability to perform heat dissipation actions. This timely power-off action effectively protects the switching unit, preventing overheating damage and reducing the risk of switch failure.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0086] The present application provides a detailed description of a switch and a heat dissipation protection method. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only intended to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A switch, characterized in that, include: A switching unit, wherein at least one first temperature sensor is provided within the switching unit; A power module is connected to the switching unit and supplies power to the switching unit. A processing unit is connected to the switching unit, which obtains a first operating temperature of the switching unit from at least one first temperature sensor, generates a first power-off control command for the switching unit when the first operating temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, and controls the power module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the first power-off control command. A logic unit, which is connected to the switching unit, the processing unit and the power module respectively, generates a second power-off control command for the switching unit when it detects that at least one of the switching unit, the processing unit and the power module is in a fault state, and controls the power module to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the second power-off control command.

2. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing unit performs a polling operation on the switching unit through an access signal at preset intervals to obtain the first operating temperature of the switching unit from at least one of the first temperature sensors; The logic unit identifies the polling operation of the processing unit based on the access signal. After identifying the polling operation of the processing unit, it controls the first timer to be cleared and then starts to start counting again, obtains the first timing duration of the first timer, and if the first timing duration is greater than the preset first duration threshold, it determines that the operating state of the processing unit is a fault state.

3. The switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The logic unit identifies a first target field from the access signal, parses the first signal waveform of the first target field in the access signal, and identifies the polling operation of the processing unit based on the first signal waveform and a pre-set first reference waveform.

4. The switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing unit communicates with the switching unit through a pre-set access protocol. The first target field includes at least one of the start bit, device address field, and read / write bit in the access protocol. The processing unit generates the access signal based on at least one of the start bit, device address field, and read / write bit.

5. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, After recognizing the access signal of the processing unit, the switching unit performs a response operation to the processing unit through a response signal to send the first operating temperature obtained by at least one of the first temperature sensors to the processing unit. The logic unit identifies the response operation of the switching unit based on the response signal. After identifying the response operation of the logic unit, it controls the second timer to be cleared and then starts to start timing again, and obtains the second timing duration of the second timer. If the second timing duration is greater than the preset second duration threshold, the operating state of the switching unit is determined to be a fault state.

6. The switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The logic unit identifies the second target field from the access signal, parses the second signal waveform of the second target field in the access signal, and identifies the response operation of the switching unit based on the second signal waveform and a preset second reference waveform.

7. The switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The processing unit and the switching unit communicate via a pre-set access protocol. The second target field includes a response bit in the access protocol, and the switching unit generates the response signal based on the response bit.

8. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The logic unit detects the power supply voltage of the switching unit through an analog-to-digital converter interface. When the power supply voltage is greater than a preset fault voltage, the operating state of the power module is determined to be a fault state.

9. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A circuit board, on which the switching unit, the processing unit, the power module, and the logic unit are disposed, and a fan and at least one second temperature sensor are also disposed on the circuit board, wherein the processing unit is connected to the fan and at least one second temperature sensor. The processing unit obtains the second operating temperature of the circuit board from at least one of the second temperature sensors, generates a fan speed control command based on the second operating temperature, and controls the fan speed based on the speed control command to perform heat dissipation on the circuit board.

10. A method for heat dissipation protection of a switch, characterized in that, The method is applied to the logic unit of the switch according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the method includes the following steps: Acquire at least one of the following: the access signal of the processing unit, the response signal of the switching unit, and the power supply voltage; The operating status of the processing unit is determined based on the access signal, the operating status of the switching unit is determined based on the response signal, and the operating status of the power supply module is determined based on the power supply voltage. When a fault is detected in the operating state of at least one of the switching unit, the processing unit, and the power module, a second power-off control command for the switching unit is generated, and the power module is controlled to perform a power-off action on the switching unit based on the second power-off control command.

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