A city lighting facility operation monitoring method based on internet of things

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of city lighting facilities operation monitoring methods based on Internet of Things, it is related to wisdom lighting monitoring technical field, including: to new type lighting lamps, lighting circuit and switch board establish fixed level mapping, in different operating scenarios through orthogonal encoding perturbation collection lamp side response, loop side response and distribution side response, generate scene response fingerprint reference;According to scene response fingerprint reference to lighting circuit and switch board carry out consistency deviation determination, determine target lighting circuit and target switch board, and start lamp side, loop side and distribution side's phase-locked ascending observation, form synchronous response data;To the candidate lamp set in target lighting circuit executes orthogonal encoding perturbation, extracts runtime response fingerprint;Runtime response fingerprint is compared with scene response fingerprint reference, forms lamp level criterion, loop level criterion and distribution level criterion, and determines fault object.The application improves the accuracy of fault location.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart lighting monitoring technology, and in particular to a method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Urban lighting facilities typically consist of new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, power distribution cabinets, field communication networks, and a back-end management platform. Operation monitoring usually relies on the Internet of Things (IoT) to collect, transmit, and centrally analyze data such as fixture power, circuit current, power distribution line status, dimming commands, and alarm information. This enables the perception of lighting operation status, early warning of anomalies, remote operation and maintenance, and energy-saving management. Currently, it is widely used in road lighting, park lighting, and municipal landscape lighting.

[0003] Considering the hierarchical power supply and distribution structure and dynamic operation characteristics of urban lighting facilities, conventional methods often rely on single-layer measurement or static threshold discrimination, making it difficult to establish a unified hierarchical comparison basis among lamps, lighting circuits and distribution cabinets, resulting in limited granularity for anomaly location. In addition, after anomaly identification, conventional methods often lack a unified time reference and synchronous up-order observation mechanism for multi-side sampling data, making it difficult to stably extract propagation relationships and hierarchical differences, which is not conducive to the accurate determination of fault objects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides an Internet of Things-based method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities, which solves the problems of lack of hierarchical comparison criteria and difficulty in synchronously supporting accurate fault determination of existing technologies.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an IoT-based method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities, comprising: establishing a fixed hierarchical mapping for new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, and distribution cabinets; collecting the responses of the fixture side, circuit side, and distribution side under different operating scenarios through orthogonal coding perturbation to generate a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark; determining the consistency deviation of the lighting circuits and distribution cabinets based on the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark, identifying the target lighting circuits and target distribution cabinets, and initiating phase-locked loop (PLL) observations on the fixture side, circuit side, and distribution side to form synchronous response data; performing orthogonal coding perturbation on the candidate fixture set in the target lighting circuit, and extracting the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate fixture set based on the synchronous response data; comparing the runtime response fingerprint with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark using residuals to form fixture-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and distribution-level criteria, respectively; and identifying the faulty object based on the comparison results of the fixture-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and distribution-level criteria.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the step of establishing a fixed hierarchical mapping for new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, and distribution cabinets includes: assigning a unique number to all new lighting fixtures, all lighting circuits, and all distribution cabinets within the target area; determining the lighting circuit to which each new lighting fixture belongs and the distribution cabinet to which each lighting circuit belongs; forming a unique hierarchical affiliation relationship for each new lighting fixture; and writing all the unique hierarchical affiliations into a fixed mapping table.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the different operating scenarios include: in the transition scenario of turning on the lights, the stable full brightness scenario, the operation scenario of reducing the light intensity, and the transition scenario of turning off the lights, the time interval in which the brightness setting value of the lamps, the switch status of the lighting circuit, and the outgoing line status of the power distribution cabinet remain unchanged for a duration of minimum duration is set as the stable acquisition window.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the generation of the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark includes: sending an encoding index to the luminaire controller corresponding to the new luminaire under test, calling the corresponding orthogonal encoding sequence, and applying modulation to the driving reference current through chip current modulation; at any given time, only one new luminaire under test is allowed to perform orthogonal encoding perturbation; while applying orthogonal encoding perturbation to the new luminaire under test, the luminaire-side response, circuit-side response, and power distribution-side response are simultaneously collected, the amplitude of the luminaire-side response, circuit-side response, and power distribution-side response are extracted, the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the power distribution cabinet are calculated, and the propagation delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the power distribution cabinet are extracted; within a stable acquisition window, the steady-state power of the new luminaire under the current operating scenario is statistically analyzed and associated with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark and saved.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the step of determining the consistency deviation of the lighting circuit and the distribution cabinet based on the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark includes: determining the current operating scenario and calling the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark and the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting fixture in the corresponding operating scenario; constructing a lighting circuit reference aggregate response by combining the real-time power of the new lighting fixture on the fixture side and the propagation coefficient of the new lighting fixture from the fixture to the lighting circuit in the current operating scenario; constructing a distribution cabinet reference aggregate response by combining the propagation coefficient of the new lighting fixture from the fixture to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient of the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet in the current operating scenario; reading the measured power on the circuit side of the lighting circuit and the measured power on the distribution side of the distribution cabinet, and calculating the lighting circuit consistency deviation and the distribution cabinet consistency deviation based on the lighting circuit reference aggregate response and the distribution cabinet reference aggregate response, respectively.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the determination of target lighting circuits and target distribution cabinets includes: when the continuous inspection cycle of the consistency deviation of a lighting circuit is higher than the lighting circuit deviation threshold, the corresponding lighting circuit is determined as the target lighting circuit; when the continuous inspection cycle of the consistency deviation of a distribution cabinet is higher than the distribution cabinet deviation threshold, the corresponding distribution cabinet is determined as the target distribution cabinet; when both the lighting circuit and the distribution cabinet are determined to be abnormal, the abnormal distribution cabinet is determined as the target distribution cabinet, and a number of lighting circuits with the largest consistency deviation among the lighting circuits under the current target distribution cabinet are determined as target lighting circuits; when only target lighting circuits exist but no target distribution cabinet is formed, the distribution cabinet to which the target lighting circuit belongs is determined as the target distribution cabinet.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the step of initiating phase-locked loop (PLL) upscaling observation on the luminaire side, circuit side, and power distribution side includes: sending a synchronization control frame to the luminaire controller in the target lighting circuit, the circuit collector corresponding to the target lighting circuit, and the power collector corresponding to the target power distribution cabinet; the luminaire side, circuit side, and power distribution side enter the upscaling sampling state under the same time reference; the luminaire controller, circuit collector, and power collector perform local clock correction and identify the same PLL upscaling observation task according to the synchronization sequence number, and start sampling according to the corresponding upscaling sampling period; the sampling data of the luminaire side, circuit side, and power distribution side are time-aligned and converged to form synchronization response data.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the orthogonal coding perturbation of the candidate luminaire set in the target lighting circuit includes: for each target lighting circuit, calculating the window average power of each new lighting luminaire in the current phase-locked loop observation window based on the luminaire-side sampling data of all new lighting luminaires in the current target lighting circuit within the phase-locked loop observation window; comparing the window average power with the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting luminaires under the corresponding operating scenario; when the deviation obtained based on the window average power and the steady-state power benchmark is higher than the candidate screening threshold, the current new lighting luminaire is included in the candidate luminaire set corresponding to the current target lighting circuit; when the number of new lighting luminaires higher than the candidate screening threshold is greater than the upper limit of the number of candidates, only a number of new lighting luminaires with the largest deviation are retained as the candidate luminaire set; when there are no new lighting luminaires higher than the candidate screening threshold in the current target lighting circuit, the new lighting luminaire with the largest deviation is selected as the candidate luminaire; after forming the candidate luminaire set for each target lighting circuit, the union of the candidate luminaire sets corresponding to all target lighting circuits is taken as the total candidate luminaire set corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the step of extracting the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire set based on synchronization response data includes: assigning a distinct orthogonal coding sequence to each candidate luminaire in the candidate luminaire set from the orthogonal coding sequence table, and issuing the coding index, perturbation start time, and perturbation duration to the luminaire controller corresponding to each candidate luminaire; collecting luminaire-side sampling data, circuit-side sampling data, and power distribution-side sampling data, and associating them with the synchronization sequence number corresponding to the current perturbation batch to form runtime synchronization response data; segmenting the runtime synchronization response data according to chip boundaries, performing chip-in-phase correlation matching with the orthogonal coding sequences corresponding to the candidate luminaires respectively, and performing normalization processing to form the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaires in the current operating scenario.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the IoT-based urban lighting facility operation monitoring method of the present invention, the step of determining the fault object includes: calculating the lamp layer residual, the circuit layer residual, and the power distribution layer residual of the candidate lamps; determining the lamp-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria of the current target lighting circuit; comparing all lamp-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and the current power distribution-level criteria to determine the fault object.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by using a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark, a unified representation of the hierarchical response characteristics of urban lighting facilities is achieved; by forming luminaire-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria, the directional collection of multi-level abnormal features and the determination of fault objects are realized, which improves the clarity of hierarchical monitoring relationships and the accuracy of fault location. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0019] Figure 2 A flowchart for generating a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart for consistency deviation determination and phase-locked loop upgrade observation.

[0021] Figure 4 A flowchart for runtime response fingerprint extraction and fault object identification. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-4 As one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things, including the following steps: S1. Establish a fixed hierarchical mapping for new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, and power distribution cabinets. Under different operating scenarios, collect the responses of the lighting fixtures, circuits, and power distribution through orthogonal coding perturbation to generate a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

[0026] Establish a fixed hierarchical mapping between new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, and power distribution cabinets, divide the operating scenarios and determine the benchmark acquisition window, apply orthogonal coded perturbations to each new lighting fixture, and simultaneously acquire the fixture-side response, circuit-side response, and power distribution-side response. Extract the amplitude of the fixture-side response, circuit-side response, and power distribution-side response.

[0027] Furthermore, all new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, and distribution cabinets within the target area are registered one by one. Each new lighting fixture is assigned a unique fixture number, each lighting circuit is assigned a unique circuit number, and each distribution cabinet is assigned a unique distribution cabinet number. Based on the construction wiring relationships, completion and commissioning records, and on-site continuity verification results, the subordinate relationships between each new lighting fixture, each lighting circuit, and each distribution cabinet are fixed and registered. For each new lighting fixture, the corresponding lighting circuit is determined, and for the corresponding lighting circuit, the corresponding distribution cabinet is determined. A unique hierarchical affiliation is formed for each new lighting fixture. After the mapping is completed, all hierarchical relationships are written into a fixed mapping table shared by the on-site gateway and the back-end platform.

[0028] Among them, the first A new type of lighting fixture is designated as ; will the first A lighting circuit is denoted as ; will the first Taiwan power distribution cabinet is recorded as .

[0029] It should be noted that when establishing a unique hierarchical affiliation, it is required that the same new type of lighting fixture can only correspond to one lighting circuit, and the same lighting circuit can only correspond to one distribution cabinet. It is not allowed for one new type of lighting fixture to be mapped to several lighting circuits at the same time, nor is it allowed for one lighting circuit to be mapped to several distribution cabinets at the same time.

[0030] It should be noted that the information recorded for each new lighting fixture includes, but is not limited to, the fixture number, the lighting circuit number, the distribution cabinet number, the fixture's rated power, the fixture's rated drive current, the current allowable dimming range, and the coordinates of the lamp post position.

[0031] Furthermore, after the fixed-level mapping is established, the operating status of the new lighting fixtures is divided into scenarios, and the lighting operation process within a day is divided into fixed operating scenarios. In each operating scenario, the system waits for the current operating scenario to enter a stable acquisition window. Within the stable acquisition window, the power of the lighting fixtures, the power of the lighting circuits, and the total power of the distribution cabinet are continuously sampled to confirm that the current scenario has stabilized. Under the current operating scenario, orthogonal coding perturbation is performed on each of the new lighting fixtures.

[0032] Among them, scene segmentation of the operating status of new lighting fixtures is used to prevent the response characteristics of different lighting conditions from being mixed into the same set of benchmarks.

[0033] It should be noted that the lighting operation process within a day is divided into fixed operation scenarios, including the light-on transition scenario, the stable full brightness scenario, the light-down operation scenario, and the light-off transition scenario.

[0034] It should be noted that the lighting transition scenario refers to the time interval from when the site gateway issues a lighting command to the target new lighting fixture or when the brightness setting value is adjusted from zero to non-zero, until the current new lighting fixture first meets the stable data acquisition window conditions.

[0035] It should be noted that a stable full-brightness scene refers to the time interval during which the brightness setting of the target new lighting fixture is equal to the full-brightness setting in the current operating configuration and remains unchanged within the stable acquisition window.

[0036] It should be noted that the reduced illumination operation scenario refers to the time interval during which the brightness setting value of the target new lighting fixture is equal to the reduced illumination setting value, and the reduced illumination setting value is lower than the brightness setting value corresponding to the stable full brightness scenario, and remains unchanged within the stable acquisition window.

[0037] The dimming setting value is determined based on the lighting control strategy, time period control table and dimming plan issued by the operation and maintenance department. The dimming setting value is lower than the brightness setting value corresponding to the stable full brightness scene. The value range is usually 30% to 80% of the brightness setting value of the stable full brightness scene.

[0038] It should be noted that the transitional scenario for turning off lights refers to the time interval from when the on-site gateway issues a light-off command to the target new type of lighting fixture or when the brightness setting value is adjusted from non-zero to zero, until the current lighting fixture's power continuously falls below the light-off threshold and remains below the hold time.

[0039] The lamp-off threshold is determined by converting the rated power of the new lighting fixture and the residual power test results of the driver in the off state. The value range is usually 0.5% to 3% of the rated power of the corresponding new lighting fixture. The holding time is set according to the sampling period of the on-site gateway, the power attenuation statistics after the lamp is turned off, and the switch shake filtering requirements. The value range is usually 1 second to 10 seconds.

[0040] It should be noted that a stable acquisition window refers to the time interval in which the brightness setting of the lamps remains unchanged, the switching status of the lighting circuit remains unchanged, the outgoing status of the power distribution cabinet remains unchanged, and the duration reaches the minimum time length under the current scenario.

[0041] It should be noted that when the duration of the light-on transition or light-off transition is less than the minimum collection time, the light-on transition scenario or light-off transition scenario will not be established as an independent operating scenario to establish a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

[0042] It should be noted that orthogonal coding perturbations are applied to each new type of lighting fixture. Specifically, the field gateway stores a set of orthogonal coding sequences of fixed length. For the new type of lighting fixture to be tested, the field gateway only sends the coding index to the lighting controller corresponding to the current new type of lighting fixture. The lighting controller calls the corresponding coding sequence locally according to the coding index, sets the driving reference current through chip current modulation, and applies a small, recoverable modulation to the driving reference current.

[0043] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the encoding length is fixed at 8 chips, and the duration of each chip is fixed at 0.25 seconds.

[0044] It should be noted that the orthogonal coding sequence library is stored through the field gateway. The orthogonal coding sequence library consists of several groups of coding sequences of the same length. Each group of coding sequences consists of chip coding values ​​of -1, 0 or 1. The orthogonal coding sequences allocated to different candidate lamps within the same runtime perturbation batch meet the requirements of low average bias within the sequence and correlation values ​​between sequences being lower than the coding correlation threshold. The coding correlation threshold is tuned and determined based on the background noise levels on the loop side and the power distribution side, the total number of chips, and the minimum resolvable response requirement for chip in-phase correlation matching. It is used to limit the crosstalk between the orthogonal coding perturbations of different candidate lamps in the loop side response and the power distribution side response.

[0045] It should be noted that the chip current modulation method is represented as: ; in, Indicates the chip sequence number. This indicates the normal driving reference current of the new lighting fixture under the current operating scenario. This indicates that the new type of lighting fixture is in the first The encoded value on each chip This indicates the perturbation amplitude of the new type of lighting fixture.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, The value of is limited to These correspond to a slight decrease in the drive reference current, an unchanged value, and a slight increase, respectively. The value of is limited to The specific reasons are that it facilitates the formation of identifiable disturbances without affecting the lighting task, makes it easier to keep the entire coded sequence with a low average bias, reduces the impact on the overall brightness perception, and facilitates obtaining a more stable symbol structure when performing matching extraction on the circuit side and the power distribution side.

[0047] It should be noted that, The settings are based on the dimming resolution of the lighting driver, the allowable brightness disturbance range for the current operating scenario, and the minimum identifiable response requirements on both the circuit side and the power distribution side. The value range is typically 1% to 5% of the normal drive reference current. The example is taken as 3% of the normal drive reference current. The reason for setting it at 3% of the normal drive reference current is to balance response recognizability and lighting task stability.

[0048] It should be noted that, through chip current modulation, the basic lighting function of the new lighting fixture remains unchanged in the current operating scenario. Instead, based on the original normal drive reference current, it is adjusted according to... The difference lies in the slight adjustment of the driving reference current within each chip, making it slightly increased, kept constant, or slightly decreased. The entire orthogonal coded perturbation forms a identifiable sequence of controlled perturbations.

[0049] It should be noted that different new types of lighting fixtures correspond to different orthogonal coding sequences.

[0050] It should be noted that at any given time, only one novel lighting fixture under test performs orthogonal coding perturbation, while other novel lighting fixtures, except for the one currently under test, maintain the steady-state setpoint corresponding to the current operating scenario.

[0051] Furthermore, while applying orthogonal coded perturbations to the new lighting fixture under test, the field gateway sends a unified sampling clock to the lighting fixture controller, the circuit acquisition unit of the corresponding lighting circuit, and the distribution acquisition unit of the corresponding distribution cabinet. The lighting fixture side, circuit side, and distribution side all start recording response data from the same time starting point. The lighting fixture controller collects the lighting fixture side response and forms a lighting fixture side response sequence by recording the active power change data of the new lighting fixture under test during the entire orthogonal coded perturbation period. The circuit acquisition unit of the lighting circuit to which the new lighting fixture under test belongs collects the circuit side response and forms a circuit side response sequence by recording the current change data or active power change data of the lighting circuit within the same time window. The distribution acquisition unit of the distribution cabinet to which the new lighting fixture under test belongs collects the distribution side response and forms a distribution side response sequence by recording the total outgoing current change data or total active power change data of the distribution cabinet within the same time window.

[0052] Among them, the luminaire-side response sequence directly reflects the strength and timing of the response of the new lighting luminaire body to the applied orthogonal coded perturbation; the circuit-side response sequence reflects the aggregation performance of the orthogonal coded perturbation after it propagates to the lighting circuit; and the power distribution-side response sequence reflects the aggregation performance of the perturbation of the new lighting luminaire after it continues to propagate to the power distribution cabinet level.

[0053] It should be noted that the lamp side refers to the response acquisition side corresponding to the lamp body and the corresponding lamp controller of the new lighting fixture under test; the circuit side refers to the response acquisition side corresponding to the lighting circuit to which the new lighting fixture under test belongs; and the power distribution side refers to the response acquisition side corresponding to the main outgoing line of the power distribution cabinet to which the new lighting fixture under test belongs.

[0054] It should be noted that currently only the new type of lighting fixture under test is subjected to orthogonal coding perturbation. Therefore, the part of the loop-side response sequence that changes synchronously with the coding can be regarded as the propagation manifestation of the perturbation of the new type of lighting fixture under test at the lighting loop level.

[0055] Furthermore, a unified time tag is attached to the response sequences of the lighting fixtures, circuits, and power distribution, and the sequences are segmented according to the chip boundaries. After the time alignment is completed at the field gateway, the response sequences of the lighting fixtures, circuits, and power distribution are uploaded to the backend platform.

[0056] Construct the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, extract the propagation delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, and define the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

[0057] Furthermore, the luminaire-side response sequence is matched with the orthogonal coding sequence of the new lighting luminaire under test to extract the luminaire-side response amplitude; the circuit-side response sequence is matched with the same orthogonal coding sequence to extract the circuit-side response amplitude; the power distribution-side response sequence is matched with the same orthogonal coding sequence to extract the power distribution-side response amplitude; the luminaire-side response amplitude, circuit-side response amplitude, and power distribution-side response amplitude are normalized by combining them with the steady-state reference under the corresponding operating scenario to obtain the normalized luminaire-side response amplitude, normalized circuit-side response amplitude, and normalized power distribution-side response amplitude.

[0058] The normalized luminaire-side response amplitude is denoted as... , used to represent the direct response intensity of the novel lighting fixture under test to orthogonal coded perturbations; the normalized loop-side response amplitude is denoted as , used to represent the response intensity after the orthogonal coded perturbation propagates to its corresponding lighting circuit; the normalized distribution side response amplitude is denoted as , is used to represent the response strength after the orthogonal coded perturbation continues to propagate to its respective distribution cabinet.

[0059] Furthermore, the propagation coefficients from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet are constructed.

[0060] It should be noted that the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit is expressed as: ; in, This represents the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit of the new type of lighting fixture under test.

[0061] It should be noted that the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit is used to reflect the proportion of the identifiable response generated by the luminaire itself that can be stably transmitted to the corresponding lighting circuit level under the current operating scenario.

[0062] It should be noted that the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet is expressed as: ; in, This represents the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit of the new lighting fixture under test to the distribution cabinet.

[0063] It should be noted that the propagation coefficient from lighting circuit to distribution cabinet is used to reflect the proportion of identifiable responses that have already propagated to the lighting circuit level under the current operating scenario, which can continue to be stably transmitted to the corresponding distribution cabinet level.

[0064] It should be noted that the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet are calculated only when both the response amplitude on the luminaire side and the response amplitude on the circuit side are higher than the minimum response threshold; when either the response amplitude on the luminaire side or the response amplitude on the circuit side is lower than the minimum response threshold, the orthogonal coding perturbation acquisition under the current operating scenario is re-executed.

[0065] It should be noted that the minimum response threshold is set based on the perturbation response test results of similar new lighting fixtures during the offline calibration phase, and the value range is usually 0.05 to 0.2 of the corresponding normalized response amplitude.

[0066] Furthermore, based on the matching peak positions of the three-sided response sequences, the propagation delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet are extracted.

[0067] The propagation time delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit is denoted as... This is used to represent the propagation time of an orthogonal coded perturbation of a new type of lighting fixture from its manifestation at the fixture side to its manifestation at the lighting circuit side; the propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet is denoted as... , is used to represent the propagation time of an orthogonal coded perturbation from the lighting circuit side to the distribution cabinet side.

[0068] Furthermore, after obtaining the response amplitude of the luminaire, the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit, the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, the propagation delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit, and the propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark is defined for the new type of lighting luminaire under test in the current operating scenario. For each new type of lighting luminaire in the target area, a corresponding scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark is established under four operating scenarios: the on-time transition scenario, the stable full-brightness scenario, the reduced-light operation scenario, and the off-time transition scenario. Within the stable acquisition window, the steady-state power of each new type of lighting luminaire in the current operating scenario is statistically analyzed to obtain the steady-state power benchmark of the new type of lighting luminaire in the corresponding operating scenario. For each lighting... The steady-state power of the circuit under the current operating scenario is statistically analyzed to obtain the steady-state power benchmark of the circuit side under the corresponding operating scenario; the steady-state power of each distribution cabinet under the current operating scenario is statistically analyzed to obtain the steady-state power benchmark of the distribution side under the corresponding operating scenario; the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting fixture, the steady-state power benchmark of the circuit side, the steady-state power benchmark of the distribution side, and the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark are associated and saved, and saved according to the structure of the new lighting fixture number, the lighting circuit number, the distribution cabinet number, the operating scenario identifier, the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting fixture, the steady-state power benchmark of the circuit side, the steady-state power benchmark of the distribution side under the corresponding operating scenario, and the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark under the corresponding operating scenario.

[0069] It should be noted that the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark for new lighting fixtures in the current operating environment is represented as follows: ; in, This represents a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark for new lighting fixtures in the current operating environment.

[0070] It should be noted that the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark is not a single threshold, but a composite benchmark composed of the luminaire's response, two-level propagation intensity characteristics, and two-level propagation time characteristics.

[0071] S2. Based on the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark, perform consistency deviation judgment on the lighting circuit and the distribution cabinet, determine the target lighting circuit and the target distribution cabinet, and start phase-locked order-up observation on the lamp side, the circuit side and the distribution side to form synchronous response data.

[0072] The current operating scenario is determined and the corresponding scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark is invoked. Real-time observations on the lighting fixture side are collected and reference aggregate responses for lighting circuits and power distribution cabinets are constructed. Consistency deviation is determined based on the reference aggregate responses for lighting circuits and power distribution cabinets, and consistency deviation results are obtained.

[0073] Furthermore, after establishing the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark, the online operation monitoring phase begins. During the online operation monitoring phase, the current operating scenario of the new lighting fixture is determined based on the control plan, brightness setpoint, and operating status reported by the field gateway at the current moment. After determining the current operating scenario, the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark and the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting fixture under the corresponding operating scenario are called up. Based on the real-time observation values ​​on the fixture side, the reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit and the reference aggregate response of the power distribution cabinet are constructed respectively, and consistency deviation is judged.

[0074] It should be noted that the current operating scenario is consistent with the divided scenarios of light-on transition, stable full brightness, light-down operation, and light-off transition; only the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark corresponding to the current operating scenario is called to avoid misjudging normal propagation differences under different operating conditions as abnormal deviations.

[0075] It should be noted that the first The steady-state power benchmark of the new type of lighting fixture under the current operating scenario is denoted as: ; will the first The real-time power of the new type of lighting fixture at the current moment is recorded as follows: ; will the first The measured power of the lighting circuit on the circuit side at the current moment is denoted as: ; will the first The measured power of the distribution cabinet on the distribution side at the current moment is recorded as follows: .

[0076] Furthermore, for any lighting circuit, the real-time power of all new lighting fixtures belonging to the lighting circuit at the current moment is read, and combined with the propagation coefficient from the fixture to the lighting circuit of each new lighting fixture in the current operating scenario, a reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit is constructed.

[0077] It should be noted that the reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit is expressed as: ; in, Indicates lighting circuit The reference aggregate response in the current operating scenario.

[0078] It should be noted that, by using the reference aggregated response of the lighting circuit, the real-time power of all new lighting fixtures belonging to the lighting circuit is not summed with equal weights. Instead, the real-time power of the lighting fixtures is weighted and summed according to the normal propagation ratio of each new lighting fixture when it propagates to the lighting circuit level in the current operating scenario, so as to obtain the reference aggregated response that the lighting circuit should present in the current operating scenario.

[0079] Furthermore, after obtaining the reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit, the measured power on the circuit side of the lighting circuit is read, and the consistency deviation of the lighting circuit is calculated based on the reference aggregate response and the measured power on the circuit side.

[0080] It should be noted that the consistency deviation of the lighting circuit is expressed as: ; in, This indicates the consistency deviation of the lighting circuit.

[0081] It should be noted that the lighting circuit consistency deviation is used to reflect the degree of deviation between the current measured power on the circuit side and the reference aggregate response calculated based on the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark; the larger the lighting circuit consistency deviation, the higher the degree to which the current operating state of the lighting circuit deviates from the normal propagation law.

[0082] It should be noted that the lighting circuit consistency deviation is calculated only when the reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit is higher than the minimum circuit aggregate power threshold; when the reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit is lower than the minimum circuit aggregate power threshold, the lighting circuit consistency deviation is not determined, and the circuit is resampled in the next inspection cycle.

[0083] It should be noted that the minimum circuit aggregate power threshold is determined based on the rated load of the lighting circuit, the small load response test results during the offline commissioning phase, and the statistical results of on-site operation. The value range is usually 5% to 15% of the rated power of the corresponding lighting circuit.

[0084] Furthermore, for any distribution cabinet, the real-time power of all new lighting fixtures in all lighting circuits belonging to the distribution cabinet at the current moment is read, and the propagation coefficient from the fixture to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet under the current operating scenario are combined to construct the reference aggregate response of the distribution cabinet.

[0085] It should be noted that the reference aggregate response of the distribution cabinet is expressed as: ; in, This represents the reference aggregate response of the power distribution cabinet under the current operating scenario.

[0086] It should be noted that the reference aggregation response of the distribution cabinet is obtained by first converting the real-time power of the luminaire side to the lighting circuit level based on the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit, and then converting the conversion result to the distribution cabinet level based on the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet. Finally, the new lighting luminaires in all lighting circuits under the same distribution cabinet are summarized.

[0087] Furthermore, after obtaining the reference aggregate response of the distribution cabinet, the measured power on the distribution side of the distribution cabinet is read, and the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet is calculated based on the reference aggregate response and the measured power on the distribution side.

[0088] It should be noted that the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet is expressed as: ; in, This indicates the consistency deviation of the power distribution cabinet.

[0089] It should be noted that the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet is used to reflect the degree of deviation between the current measured power on the distribution side and the reference aggregate response calculated based on the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark; the larger the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet, the higher the degree to which the current operating state of the distribution cabinet deviates from the normal propagation law.

[0090] It should be noted that the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet is calculated only when the reference aggregate response of the distribution cabinet is higher than the minimum cabinet-level aggregate power threshold; when the reference aggregate response of the distribution cabinet is lower than the minimum cabinet-level aggregate power threshold, the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet is not judged, but resampling is performed in the next inspection cycle.

[0091] It should be noted that the minimum cabinet-level aggregated power threshold is determined by comprehensively adjusting the rated power supply capacity of the distribution cabinet, the normal minimum aggregated response of the subordinate lighting circuits at night, and the offline debugging results. The value range is usually 5% to 20% of the rated output power of the distribution cabinet.

[0092] Furthermore, the consistency deviation of all lighting circuits and the consistency deviation of all distribution cabinets are calculated to obtain the consistency deviation results.

[0093] Based on the consistency deviation results, the target lighting circuit and target distribution cabinet are determined, and phase-locked loop (PLL) up-order observations are initiated on the lighting fixture side, circuit side, and distribution side to generate synchronous response data.

[0094] Furthermore, based on the consistency deviation results, the consistency deviation of each lighting circuit and the consistency deviation of each distribution cabinet are compared respectively, and the target lighting circuit and target distribution cabinet are determined according to the hierarchical continuous deviation judgment rule.

[0095] It should be noted that the layered continuous deviation judgment rule is as follows: when the continuous inspection cycle of the consistency deviation of the current lighting circuit is higher than the deviation threshold of the lighting circuit, the corresponding lighting circuit is determined as the target lighting circuit; when the continuous inspection cycle of the consistency deviation of the current distribution cabinet is higher than the deviation threshold of the distribution cabinet, the corresponding distribution cabinet is determined as the target distribution cabinet.

[0096] It should be noted that the continuous inspection cycle is determined based on the length of the on-site inspection cycle, the duration of normal fluctuations in lighting load, communication jitter filtering requirements, and the abnormal location response time limit. In this embodiment, the continuous inspection cycle is set to two consecutive inspection cycles. The determination is made using two consecutive inspection cycles to filter out abnormal triggers caused by instantaneous load fluctuations, short-term communication delays, or sampling disturbances within a single inspection cycle. At the same time, it avoids delays in determining the target lighting circuit and target distribution cabinet due to an excessive number of consecutive cycles.

[0097] It should be noted that the deviation threshold of the lighting circuit is determined based on the normal fluctuation range during offline debugging of the lighting circuit and the statistical deviation range during nighttime operation, and the value range is usually 0.1 to 0.25.

[0098] It should be noted that the deviation threshold of the distribution cabinet is determined based on the statistical results of the historical aggregated response deviation of the distribution cabinet and the offline calibration results, and the value range is usually 0.08 to 0.2.

[0099] It should be noted that when both the lighting circuit and the distribution cabinet are determined to be abnormal, the abnormal distribution cabinet will be retained as the target distribution cabinet, and the lighting circuits with the largest consistency deviation under the current target distribution cabinet will be determined as the target lighting circuits.

[0100] The number of lighting circuits is determined based on the total number of lighting circuits under the target distribution cabinet and the upper limit of the phase-locked observation resources, and the value range is usually from 1 to 3. The two lighting circuits with the largest consistency deviation are selected as target lighting circuits. The reason for selecting two lighting circuits as target lighting circuits is that when multiple lighting circuits under the target distribution cabinet are suspected of being abnormal at the same time, a single lighting circuit is not enough to cover the main abnormal branches. On the other hand, too many target lighting circuits will increase the communication load, time alignment load and data processing load of the phase-locked observation stage. Therefore, the two lighting circuits with the largest consistency deviation are selected first to achieve a balance between the abnormal coverage range and the observation resource overhead.

[0101] It should be noted that when there is only a target lighting circuit but no target distribution cabinet, the distribution cabinet to which the target lighting circuit belongs is directly identified as the target distribution cabinet so as to form a complete synchronous observation link from the lighting fixture side to the distribution side.

[0102] Furthermore, after identifying the target lighting circuit and the target distribution cabinet, phase-locked loop (PLL) up-order observation is initiated on the lighting fixture side, the circuit side, and the distribution side via the field gateway.

[0103] It should be noted that phase-locked loop (PLL) upsampling observation refers to the process where the field gateway generates a unified synchronization start time and sends a synchronization control frame to the luminaire controllers in the target lighting circuit, the corresponding circuit collectors in the target lighting circuit, and the corresponding power distribution collectors in the target power distribution cabinet. This allows the luminaire side, circuit side, and power distribution side to enter the upsampling state under the same time reference. Specifically, after the field gateway sends the synchronization control frame, each luminaire controller, circuit collector, and power distribution collector completes local clock correction according to the unified synchronization start time in the synchronization control frame and identifies the same PLL upsampling observation task according to the synchronization sequence number in the synchronization control frame. After the unified synchronization start time arrives, each luminaire controller, circuit collector, and power distribution collector begins sampling according to its corresponding upsampling period, ensuring that the data output from the luminaire side, circuit side, and power distribution side has a unified time reference and a unified task identifier.

[0104] It should be noted that the synchronization control frame includes the unified synchronization start time, the upgraded sampling period, the upgraded observation window length, and the synchronization sequence number.

[0105] Among them, the unified synchronization start time is used to constrain the common sampling start point of the lighting fixture side, the circuit side, and the power distribution side; the upgraded sampling period is used to constrain the sampling frequency of each acquisition side; the upgraded observation window length is used to limit the duration of this phase-locked order-up observation; and the synchronization sequence number is used to identify all the sampling data generated under the same phase-locked order-up observation task.

[0106] It should be noted that the luminaire-side upsampling cycle is set based on the local sampling capability of the luminaire controller, the response speed of luminaire power changes, and the communication refresh cycle between the field gateway and the luminaire controller. For example, it is set to 0.2 seconds. The circuit-side upsampling cycle is set based on the sampling resolution of the circuit collector, the rate of change of lighting circuit current, and the alignment requirements between the circuit-side sampling data and the luminaire-side sampling data. For example, it is set to 0.1 seconds. The distribution-side upsampling cycle is set based on the sampling resolution of the distribution collector, the rate of change of total outgoing power on the distribution side, and the alignment requirements between the distribution-side sampling data and the circuit-side sampling data. For example, it is set to 0.1 seconds. The upsampling observation window length is determined based on the field communication bandwidth, the number of target lighting circuits, the duration of orthogonal coding perturbation, and the response propagation time coverage requirements. The value range is usually from 10 seconds to 30 seconds.

[0107] It should be noted that phase-locked loop (PLL) upgrade observation is not a routine observation that is maintained for all new lighting fixtures, all lighting circuits, and all distribution cabinets over a long period of time. Rather, it is a local upgrade observation triggered on the target lighting circuit and the target distribution cabinet when the consistency deviation results indicate that the current anomaly is concentrated in the target lighting circuit and the target distribution cabinet.

[0108] Furthermore, after the lighting controller, circuit collector, and power distribution collector receive the synchronization control frame, they begin sampling according to the unified synchronization start time and attach a unified time tag to the sampling results. The field gateway performs time alignment and aggregation on the sampling data of the lighting side in the target lighting circuit, the sampling data of the corresponding circuit side, and the sampling data of the power distribution cabinet in the target power distribution cabinet according to the unified time tag, synchronization sequence number, and the corresponding ascending sampling period of each acquisition side, to form synchronization response data. After the synchronization response data is formed, the synchronization response data, the target lighting circuit number, the target power distribution cabinet number, and the current operating scenario identifier are cached together.

[0109] It should be noted that when the sampling times of the lighting fixture side, circuit side, and power distribution side sampling data do not completely overlap, the field gateway takes the unified synchronization start time as the starting point and the maximum value of the corresponding ascending sampling period of each acquisition side as the alignment sampling period, forming a unified alignment time axis within the ascending observation window length. For any alignment time on the unified alignment time axis, if there is a sampling point with the same alignment time on any of the lighting fixture side, circuit side, or power distribution side, the corresponding sampling point is directly used; if there is no sampling point with the same alignment time, the adjacent sampling points before and after the current alignment time are read. The sampling points are sampled, and the sampled values ​​of the corresponding acquisition side are linearly interpolated according to the time labels of adjacent sampling points to obtain the aligned sampling value of the corresponding acquisition side at the current alignment time. When the acquisition side lacks adjacent sampling points that can be used for linear interpolation before and after the current alignment time, and the time difference between the nearest sampling point and the current alignment time is not greater than the time tolerance, the nearest sampling point is taken as the aligned sampling value of the corresponding acquisition side at the current alignment time. When the time difference between the nearest sampling point and the alignment time is greater than the time tolerance, the data corresponding to the current alignment time is marked as an invalid alignment point, and the invalid alignment point does not participate in the formation of the synchronization response data.

[0110] It should be noted that the time tolerance is determined based on the local clock error of the lighting controller, the circuit collector, and the power distribution collector, the refresh cycle of the field gateway communication, and the upsampling cycle of the corresponding acquisition side. The time tolerance is usually no more than half of the upsampling cycle of the corresponding acquisition side.

[0111] It should be noted that the synchronous response data includes, but is not limited to, the lamp-side sampling data of each new type of lighting fixture in the target lighting circuit within the phase-locked loop (PLL) upgrade observation window, the circuit-side sampling data of the target lighting circuit within the PLL upgrade observation window, the distribution-side sampling data of the target distribution cabinet within the PLL upgrade observation window, the corresponding unified time tag, and the corresponding synchronization sequence number.

[0112] It should be noted that the synchronous response data is used to ensure that when the subsequent candidate lighting fixture set performs orthogonal coding perturbation, the runtime responses of the lighting fixture side, circuit side and power distribution side can be matched and extracted under a unified time reference.

[0113] S3. Perform orthogonal coding perturbation on the candidate luminaire set in the target lighting circuit, and extract the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire set based on the synchronization response data.

[0114] Candidate lighting fixtures are selected based on synchronous response data, and orthogonal coding perturbation is performed on the candidate lighting fixtures.

[0115] Furthermore, the target lighting circuit number, target power distribution cabinet number, current operating scene identifier, and corresponding synchronization response data are read; for each target lighting circuit, based on the lamp-side sampling data in the synchronization response data, all new lighting fixtures belonging to the current target lighting circuit are screened to form a candidate lamp set.

[0116] It should be noted that the candidate luminaire set is used to further narrow down the runtime response fingerprint extraction target within the target lighting circuit, so that subsequent orthogonal coding perturbation and runtime response fingerprint extraction focus on novel luminaires with higher deviation, rather than performing runtime perturbation on all novel luminaires in the target lighting circuit at the same time.

[0117] Furthermore, for any target lighting circuit, the lamp-side sampling data of all new lighting fixtures belonging to the current target lighting circuit within the phase-locked loop (PLL) observation window are read, and the window average power of each new lighting fixture within the current PLL observation window is calculated based on the lamp-side sampling data within the current PLL observation window. When the deviation of a new lighting fixture from the steady-state power benchmark is higher than the candidate screening threshold, the current new lighting fixture is included in the candidate fixture set corresponding to the current target lighting circuit.

[0118] Among them, the first The average power of the new type of lighting fixture within the current phase-locked loop (PLL) up-order observation window is denoted as: .

[0119] It should be noted that the degree of deviation of the new lighting fixture from the steady-state power reference is expressed as follows: ; in, Indicates the first The degree of deviation of a new type of lighting fixture from the steady-state power reference of the corresponding operating scenario within the current phase-locked loop upgrade observation window.

[0120] It should be noted that the candidate screening threshold is determined by jointly tuning the upper limit of steady-state fluctuation of the same type of new lighting fixtures in the offline calibration stage and the quantile value of the statistical deviation in online operation. The value range is usually 8% to 25% of the corresponding steady-state power reference.

[0121] It should be noted that when the number of new lighting fixtures in the current target lighting circuit that exceeds the candidate screening threshold is greater than the upper limit of the number of candidates, only a few new lighting fixtures with the largest deviation will be retained as the candidate fixture set.

[0122] It should be noted that the upper limit of the number of candidates is determined based on the total number of new lighting fixtures connected to the target lighting circuit, the number of available orthogonal codes, and the upper limit of synchronous observation resources during operation. The value range is usually from 1 to 3.

[0123] It should be noted that when there are no new lighting fixtures in the current target lighting circuit that are higher than the candidate screening threshold, the new lighting fixture with the largest deviation in the current target lighting circuit is selected as the candidate fixture to avoid the target lighting circuit lacking a test object in the fingerprint extraction stage during subsequent operation.

[0124] Furthermore, after forming a set of candidate luminaires for each target lighting circuit, the union of the sets of candidate luminaires corresponding to all target lighting circuits is taken as the total set of candidate luminaires corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet.

[0125] Here, the set of candidate luminaires corresponding to any target lighting circuit is denoted as Let the total set of candidate luminaires for all target lighting circuits under the current target distribution cabinet be denoted as . .

[0126] Furthermore, after forming the candidate luminaire set, orthogonal coding perturbation is performed on the candidate luminaire set through the field gateway. Specifically, a set of different orthogonal coding sequences is assigned to each candidate luminaire in the candidate luminaire set from the orthogonal coding sequence table, and the coding index, perturbation start time and perturbation duration are sent to the luminaire controller corresponding to each candidate luminaire, so that each candidate luminaire in the candidate luminaire set performs runtime orthogonal coding perturbation under a unified time reference.

[0127] It should be noted that the runtime orthogonal coding perturbation performed on the candidate lighting fixture set and the orthogonal coding perturbation performed when establishing the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark use the same chip current modulation method, coding length, and chip duration to ensure comparability between the runtime response fingerprint and the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

[0128] It should be noted that candidate lamps within the same runtime perturbation batch synchronously execute different orthogonal coding sequences at the start of the same perturbation; the number of orthogonal codes that can be allocated in a single round is determined by the number of available coding sequences in the orthogonal coding sequence library that meet the coding-related threshold requirements and are not occupied in the current runtime perturbation batch.

[0129] It should be noted that the orthogonal coding sequences assigned to different candidate lamps within the same perturbation batch during operation all meet the coding correlation threshold requirements. This is to enable the perturbation components generated by different candidate lamps in the circuit-side response and distribution-side response to be distinguished and extracted during chip in-phase correlation matching, thereby reducing response crosstalk between different candidate lamps.

[0130] It should be noted that when the number of candidate lamps in the candidate lamp set exceeds the number of orthogonal codes that can be allocated in a single round, the runtime perturbation batches are divided according to the degree of deviation of the candidate lamps from large to small. The number of candidate lamps in each runtime perturbation batch does not exceed the number of orthogonal codes that can be allocated in a single round. Orthogonal coding perturbation is performed on each runtime perturbation batch to form corresponding runtime synchronization response data.

[0131] It should be noted that the runtime orthogonal coding perturbation adopts the same chip current modulation method, coding length, and chip duration as when establishing the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark. After chip in-phase correlation matching, the runtime response components corresponding to each candidate lamp are extracted to ensure that the runtime response fingerprint is comparable to the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

[0132] It should be noted that the start time of the runtime perturbation is determined based on the established unified time base and synchronization sequence number, so that when the candidate luminaire set performs runtime orthogonal coding perturbation, the sampling data of the luminaire side, circuit side and power distribution side are still under the same phase-locked order-up observation framework.

[0133] Based on the synchronization response data generated after performing orthogonal coding perturbation on the candidate luminaire set, the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire set is extracted.

[0134] Furthermore, after the candidate lighting fixture set undergoes orthogonal coding perturbation, the field gateway continues to collect lighting fixture-side sampling data, circuit-side sampling data, and power distribution-side sampling data within the phase-locked loop (PLL) up-order observation window and associates them with the synchronization sequence number corresponding to the current perturbation batch to form runtime synchronization response data.

[0135] It should be noted that the runtime synchronization response data includes, but is not limited to, the lamp-side sampling data of each candidate lamp in the candidate lamp set during the runtime orthogonal coding perturbation, the circuit-side sampling data of the target lighting circuit in the corresponding time window, the power distribution-side sampling data of the target power distribution cabinet in the corresponding time window, the unified time tag, and the synchronization sequence number corresponding to the current perturbation batch.

[0136] Furthermore, based on a unified time tag and synchronization sequence number, the sampling data of the luminaire side, the sampling data of the circuit side, and the sampling data of the power distribution side in the runtime synchronization response data are segmented according to the chip boundary. For each candidate luminaire, the sampling sequence of the luminaire side, the sampling sequence of the circuit side, and the sampling sequence of the power distribution side corresponding to the current candidate luminaire are extracted. The sampling sequences of the luminaire side, the sampling sequence of the circuit side, and the sampling sequence of the power distribution side are normalized using the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting luminaire in the corresponding operating scenario, the steady-state power benchmark of the circuit side corresponding to the target lighting circuit to which the candidate luminaire belongs, and the steady-state power benchmark of the power distribution side corresponding to the target power distribution cabinet to which the candidate luminaire belongs.

[0137] It should be noted that the normalized sampled sequence of the lamp side chip under the orthogonal coding perturbation batch during the current operation of the candidate lamp is denoted as The normalized circuit-side chip sampling sequence corresponding to the target lighting circuit to which the candidate luminaire belongs is denoted as... The normalized distribution-side chip sampling sequence corresponding to the target distribution cabinet to which the candidate lighting fixture belongs is denoted as... .

[0138] Furthermore, the normalized luminaire-side chip sampling sequence, the normalized loop-side chip sampling sequence, and the normalized distribution-side chip sampling sequence are respectively matched with the orthogonal coding sequence corresponding to the candidate luminaires to obtain the normalized luminaire-side operating response amplitude, normalized loop-side operating response amplitude, and normalized distribution-side operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaires under the current operating orthogonal coding perturbation batch.

[0139] It should be noted that the normalized operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaires is expressed as: ; in, Indicates runtime, This represents the normalized operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaire. This represents the total number of chips in the current orthogonal coded sequence.

[0140] It should be noted that the normalized loop-side operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaire is expressed as: ; in, This represents the normalized loop-side operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaire.

[0141] It should be noted that the normalized distribution-side operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaires is expressed as: ; in, This represents the normalized operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaire on the distribution side.

[0142] It should be noted that the chip in-phase correlation matching is used to extract the response components that are in phase with the orthogonal coding sequence of the candidate luminaire from the luminaire-side chip sampling sequence, the circuit-side chip sampling sequence and the power distribution-side chip sampling sequence under a unified time reference, so as to obtain the running response intensity of the candidate luminaire on the luminaire side, the circuit side and the power distribution side respectively.

[0143] Furthermore, after obtaining the normalized operating response amplitude of the luminaire side, the normalized operating response amplitude of the circuit side, and the normalized operating response amplitude of the distribution side, the ratio of the normalized operating response amplitude of the circuit side to the normalized operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaire is taken as the luminaire-to-lighting circuit operating propagation coefficient of the candidate luminaire, and the ratio of the normalized operating response amplitude of the distribution side to the normalized operating response amplitude of the candidate luminaire is taken as the lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet operating propagation coefficient of the candidate luminaire under the orthogonal coded perturbation batch during current operation.

[0144] The propagation coefficient from the candidate luminaire to the lighting circuit under the orthogonal coded perturbation batch during current operation is denoted as: The propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet under the orthogonal coded perturbation batch of candidate luminaires during current operation is denoted as... .

[0145] It should be noted that the luminaire-to-lighting circuit propagation coefficient is used to reflect the proportion of the candidate luminaire's operating response that is stably transmitted from the luminaire side to the lighting circuit level under the current operating state; the lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet propagation coefficient is used to reflect the proportion of the candidate luminaire's operating response that continues to be stably transmitted from the lighting circuit level to the distribution cabinet level under the current operating state.

[0146] It should be noted that the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet are calculated only when both the normalized luminaire-side operating response amplitude and the normalized loop-side operating response amplitude are higher than the minimum operating response threshold. When either the normalized luminaire-side operating response amplitude or the normalized loop-side operating response amplitude is lower than the minimum operating response threshold, the operating orthogonal coding perturbation corresponding to the current candidate luminaire is re-executed.

[0147] It should be noted that the minimum response threshold during operation is determined by jointly tuning the minimum response threshold, the background noise level within the current phase-locked loop upgrade observation window, and the fluctuation statistics of the synchronous response data during operation. The value range is usually 0.05 to 0.2 of the corresponding normalized operating response amplitude.

[0148] Furthermore, based on the matching peak positions of the sampling sequences of the lamp side chip, the circuit side chip, and the distribution side chip, the propagation delay from the lamp to the lighting circuit and the propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet under the current orthogonal coding perturbation batch of candidate lamps are extracted.

[0149] The propagation time delay from the candidate luminaire to the lighting circuit is denoted as... , used to represent the propagation time of the orthogonal coded perturbation of the candidate luminaire from the luminaire side to the lighting circuit side; the propagation delay from the lighting circuit of the candidate luminaire to the distribution cabinet is denoted as . , is used to represent the propagation time of the orthogonal coded perturbation of the candidate luminaire from the lighting circuit side to the distribution cabinet side.

[0150] Furthermore, after obtaining the normalized operating response amplitude of the luminaire, the operating propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit, the operating propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, the operating propagation delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit, and the operating propagation delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, the running response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire in the current operating scenario is defined.

[0151] It should be noted that the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire in the current operating scenario is represented as follows: ; in, This represents the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire in the current operating scenario.

[0152] It should be noted that the runtime response fingerprint is composed of the runtime luminaire body response, the runtime two-stage propagation intensity characteristics, and the runtime two-stage propagation time characteristics.

[0153] Furthermore, for each candidate luminaire in the candidate luminaire set, the corresponding runtime response fingerprint is extracted and saved according to the structure of candidate luminaire number, target lighting circuit number, target power distribution cabinet number, current operating scene identifier, current synchronization sequence number, current perturbation batch identifier, and corresponding runtime response fingerprint.

[0154] S4. Compare the runtime response fingerprint with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark to form lighting-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria respectively. Based on the comparison results of the lighting-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria, determine the faulty object.

[0155] The runtime response fingerprint is compared with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark by hierarchical residual comparison. The residuals of the candidate luminaires at the luminaire level, circuit level, and power distribution level are calculated respectively. Based on the aggregation results of the residuals of each level in the candidate luminaire set, luminaire-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria are formed.

[0156] Furthermore, after obtaining the runtime response fingerprint corresponding to the candidate luminaire set, the candidate luminaire number, the target lighting circuit number, the target distribution cabinet number, the current operating scenario identifier, and the corresponding runtime response fingerprint are read; and the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark established and saved for the corresponding candidate luminaire under the same operating scenario is called, and the runtime response fingerprint is compared with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark item by item.

[0157] It should be noted that when performing residual comparison on candidate luminaires, only the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire in the current operating scenario is compared with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark of the same candidate luminaire in the same operating scenario. The runtime response fingerprints of different candidate luminaires are not cross-compared with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark, nor are the runtime response fingerprints in the current operating scenario compared with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmarks in other operating scenarios. This is to avoid interference from individual differences of different luminaires and differences in different operating conditions on fault determination.

[0158] Furthermore, hierarchical residual comparisons are performed on the runtime response fingerprints and scenario-based response fingerprint benchmarks of the candidate luminaires. Based on the difference between the normalized luminaire-side runtime response amplitude and the luminaire-side response amplitude of the candidate luminaires, the luminaire-side residual of the candidate luminaires is calculated. Based on the differences between the luminaire-to-lighting circuit propagation coefficient and the luminaire-to-lighting circuit propagation delay of the candidate luminaires and the corresponding benchmark quantities, the circuit-side residual of the candidate luminaires is calculated. Based on the differences between the lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet propagation coefficient and the lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet propagation delay of the candidate luminaires and the corresponding benchmark quantities, the distribution-side residual of the candidate luminaires is calculated.

[0159] It should be noted that the residual of the luminaire layer for calculating the candidate luminaires is expressed as: ; in, This represents the lamp layer residual of the candidate lamp.

[0160] It should be noted that the loop layer residuals for calculating candidate luminaires are expressed as follows: ; in, This represents the loop layer residual of the candidate luminaire. This indicates the normalized reference time for the delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit.

[0161] It should be noted that the residual of the distribution layer for the candidate luminaires is expressed as: ; in, This indicates the residual in the power distribution layer of the candidate luminaire. This indicates the normalized reference time for the delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet.

[0162] It should be noted that the lamp layer residual is used to reflect the degree of deviation of the lamp body response from the reference state under the current operating state of the candidate lamp; the circuit layer residual is used to reflect the degree of deviation of the lamp-to-lighting circuit propagation characteristics from the reference state under the current operating state of the candidate lamp; and the power distribution layer residual is used to reflect the degree of deviation of the lighting circuit-to-power distribution cabinet propagation characteristics from the reference state under the current operating state of the candidate lamp.

[0163] It should be noted that the normalized reference time for the delay from the luminaire to the lighting circuit is determined based on the circuit-side up-order sampling period, the offline propagation delay test results, and the chip peak position resolution tuning, with a value range typically from 0.1 seconds to 0.5 seconds; the normalized reference time for the delay from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet is determined based on the distribution-side up-order sampling period, the offline propagation delay test results, and the chip peak position resolution tuning, with a value range typically from 0.1 seconds to 0.5 seconds.

[0164] It should be noted that the lamp-level residual is calculated only when the normalized lamp-side operating response amplitude corresponding to the candidate lamp is higher than the minimum effective comparison threshold of the lamp side; the circuit-level residual is calculated only when the lamp-to-lighting circuit operating propagation coefficient corresponding to the candidate lamp is higher than the minimum effective comparison threshold of the lamp-to-lighting circuit propagation coefficient; the distribution-level residual is calculated only when the lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet operating propagation coefficient corresponding to the candidate lamp is higher than the minimum effective comparison threshold of the lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet propagation coefficient; when any of the normalized lamp-side operating response amplitude, lamp-to-lighting circuit operating propagation coefficient, and lighting circuit-to-distribution cabinet operating propagation coefficient corresponding to the candidate lamp is lower than the corresponding minimum effective comparison threshold, the level is not directly determined, but the operating response fingerprint corresponding to the current candidate lamp is retained, and the operating response fingerprint is re-extracted in the next inspection cycle.

[0165] It should be noted that the minimum effective comparison threshold for the luminaire side is determined by jointly tuning the minimum response threshold and the minimum response threshold during operation, and the value range is usually from 0.05 to 0.2; the minimum effective comparison threshold for the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit is determined by jointly tuning the offline calibration lower limit and the online operation statistical lower limit of the propagation coefficient from the luminaire to the lighting circuit, and the value range is usually from 0.05 to 0.3; the minimum effective comparison threshold for the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet is determined by jointly tuning the offline calibration lower limit and the online operation statistical lower limit of the propagation coefficient from the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet, and the value range is usually from 0.05 to 0.3.

[0166] Furthermore, after obtaining the lamp-level residuals, circuit-level residuals, and distribution-level residuals of the candidate lamps, lamp-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and distribution-level criteria are constructed respectively. For any target lighting circuit, the maximum value of the lamp-level residual in the candidate lamp set corresponding to the current target lighting circuit is taken as the lamp-level criterion corresponding to the current target lighting circuit; for any target lighting circuit, the average value of all circuit-level residuals in the candidate lamp set corresponding to the current target lighting circuit is taken as the circuit-level criterion corresponding to the current target lighting circuit; for the current target distribution cabinet, the average value of all distribution-level residuals in the total candidate lamp set corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet is taken as the distribution-level criterion corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet.

[0167] It should be noted that the luminaire-level criterion is used to characterize the strongest degree of anomaly in the response of the luminaire itself in the candidate luminaire set; the circuit-level criterion is used to characterize the degree of overall anomaly in the propagation characteristics from the luminaire to the lighting circuit within the target lighting circuit range; and the power distribution-level criterion is used to characterize the degree of overall anomaly in the propagation characteristics from the lighting circuit to the power distribution cabinet within the target power distribution cabinet range.

[0168] It should be noted that the reason for using the maximum value of the residual at the lamp level to construct the lamp-level criterion is that lamp-level faults are usually manifested as a significant deviation of the lamp body response of individual candidate lamps from the baseline state. Using the maximum value can highlight the anomalies of individual lamps.

[0169] It should be noted that the reason for using the average value of the loop layer residuals to construct the loop-level criterion is that loop-level faults usually manifest as several candidate lamps in the same target lighting circuit deviating from the baseline state in terms of the propagation characteristics from the lamp to the lighting circuit. Using the average value can characterize the overall anomaly at the loop level.

[0170] It should be noted that the reason for using the average residual value of the distribution layer to construct the distribution level criterion is that distribution level faults are usually manifested as the propagation characteristics of several target lighting circuits under the current target distribution cabinet deviating from the baseline state at the distribution level. The average residual value of the distribution layer in the total candidate luminaire set can characterize the overall anomaly of the distribution level.

[0171] Furthermore, before comparing fault levels, the lighting fixture-level, circuit-level, and power distribution-level criteria are standardized using lighting fixture-level, circuit-level, and power distribution-level judgment thresholds, respectively, to obtain standardized lighting fixture-level, circuit-level, and power distribution-level criteria. The lighting fixture-level, circuit-level, and power distribution-level judgment thresholds are determined based on the criterion distribution of corresponding fault samples during offline calibration, the criterion fluctuation range during online operation, and false alarm rate control requirements. It should be noted that by standardizing the lighting fixture-level, circuit-level, and power distribution-level criteria, the criteria formed by different aggregation methods are converted into the degree of exceeding the corresponding level judgment threshold.

[0172] The standardized criteria for all lighting fixtures, all circuits, and the current power distribution level are compared. Based on the results of the standardization comparison, the fault level is determined and the fault object is output.

[0173] Furthermore, after establishing luminaire-level and circuit-level standardized criteria for all target lighting circuits, as well as distribution-level standardized criteria for the current target distribution cabinet, the luminaire-level, circuit-level, and current distribution-level standardized criteria are compared. Specifically, when the maximum value in the luminaire-level standardized criteria for all target lighting circuits is greater than the maximum value in the circuit-level standardized criteria for all target lighting circuits, and is also greater than the distribution-level standardized criteria for the current target distribution cabinet, the fault level is determined to be a luminaire-level fault. When a luminaire-level fault is established, the target lighting circuit with the largest luminaire-level standardized criteria is selected, and the candidate luminaire with the largest luminaire-level residual is selected from the candidate luminaire set corresponding to the current target lighting circuit as the fault object. When the maximum value in the circuit-level standardized criteria for all target lighting circuits is greater than the maximum value in the luminaire-level standardized criteria for all target lighting circuits, and is also greater than the distribution-level standardized criteria for the current target distribution cabinet, the fault level is determined to be a circuit-level fault. When a circuit-level fault is established, the target lighting circuit with the largest luminaire-level standardized criteria is selected. The target lighting circuit with the largest circuit-level standardized criterion is taken as the fault object. When the distribution-level standardized criterion corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet is greater than the maximum value among the lamp-level standardized criters corresponding to all target lighting circuits, and also greater than the maximum value among the circuit-level standardized criters corresponding to all target lighting circuits, the fault level is determined to be a distribution-level fault. When a distribution-level fault is established, the current target distribution cabinet is taken as the fault object. When there is an equality among the maximum values ​​of the lamp-level standardized criters corresponding to all target lighting circuits, the maximum values ​​of the circuit-level standardized criters corresponding to all target lighting circuits, and the distribution-level standardized criterion corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet, the fault level is determined in the order of distribution-level, circuit-level, and lamp-level. When the difference between any two standardized criteria among the maximum values ​​of the lamp-level standardized criters corresponding to all target lighting circuits, the maximum values ​​of the circuit-level standardized criters corresponding to all target lighting circuits, and the distribution-level standardized criterion corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet is less than the judgment separation threshold, the fault level is determined in the order of distribution-level, circuit-level, and lamp-level.

[0174] It should be noted that the separation threshold is determined by jointly tuning the minimum distinguishable difference between the standardized criteria of different levels of fault samples in the offline calibration stage and the fluctuation range of the standardized criteria in the online operation stage, and the value range is usually 0.03 to 0.1.

[0175] It should be noted that when the maximum value of the luminaire-level standardized criteria corresponding to all target lighting circuits, the maximum value of the circuit-level standardized criteria corresponding to all target lighting circuits, and the distribution-level standardized criteria corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet are equal, the reason for prioritizing the determination of the fault level in the order of distribution level, circuit level, and luminaire level is that when the standardized criteria of different levels are completely equal, the higher the level of the fault, the greater the overall disturbance to the lower propagation chain. By prioritizing the determination of higher-level faults, it is possible to prevent the distribution-level fault from being misjudged as a local luminaire fault or a local circuit fault.

[0176] It should be noted that when the difference between any two standardized criteria in the lamp-level standardized criteria corresponding to all target lighting circuits, the circuit-level standardized criteria corresponding to all target lighting circuits, and the distribution-level standardized criteria corresponding to the current target distribution cabinet is less than the judgment separation threshold, the reason for prioritizing the determination of the fault level in the order of distribution level, circuit level, and lamp level is that when the standardized criteria of different levels are close and within the minimum distinguishable difference, the higher level fault usually has a larger disturbance range on the overall propagation chain. By prioritizing the determination of higher level faults, the probability of level misjudgment is reduced.

[0177] Furthermore, after identifying the faulty object, the faulty object number, faulty object level, corresponding running scenario identifier, corresponding synchronization sequence number, corresponding running response fingerprint, corresponding scenario-based response fingerprint baseline, corresponding criterion value, and corresponding standardized criterion value are output together.

[0178] It should be noted that when the fault object is a candidate light fixture, the current candidate light fixture number, the corresponding target lighting circuit number, and the target distribution cabinet number are output; when the fault object is a target lighting circuit, the current target lighting circuit number and the corresponding target distribution cabinet number are output; when the fault object is a target distribution cabinet, the current target distribution cabinet number is output.

[0179] In summary, this invention achieves a unified representation of the hierarchical response characteristics of urban lighting facilities through: a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark; and achieves the directional collection of multi-level abnormal features and fault object determination by forming luminaire-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria, thereby improving the clarity of hierarchical monitoring relationships and the accuracy of fault location.

[0180] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: A fixed-level mapping is established for new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits and power distribution cabinets. Under different operating scenarios, the responses of the lighting fixture side, the circuit side and the power distribution side are collected through orthogonal coding perturbation to generate a scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark. Based on the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark, consistency deviation is determined for lighting circuits and distribution cabinets, the target lighting circuit and target distribution cabinet are identified, and phase-locked loop (PLL) up-order observation is initiated on the lamp side, circuit side and distribution side to form synchronous response data. Orthogonal coding perturbation is performed on the candidate luminaire set in the target lighting circuit, and the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate luminaire set is extracted based on the synchronization response data; The runtime response fingerprint is compared with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark by residual comparison to form lighting-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria, respectively. The fault object is determined based on the comparison results of the lighting-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria.

2. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of a fixed hierarchical mapping for new lighting fixtures, lighting circuits, and distribution cabinets includes: Each new lighting fixture, lighting circuit, and distribution cabinet within the target area shall be assigned a unique number. Determine the lighting circuit to which each new lighting fixture belongs and the distribution cabinet to which each lighting circuit belongs. For each new lighting fixture, establish a unique hierarchical affiliation and write all the unique hierarchical affiliations into a fixed mapping table.

3. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The different operating scenarios include: In the scenarios of light-on transition, stable full brightness, reduced illumination, and light-off transition, the time interval in which the luminaire brightness setting, lighting circuit switch status, and distribution cabinet outgoing line status remain unchanged for the minimum duration is set as the stable acquisition window.

4. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The generated scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark includes: Send the coded index to the lamp controller corresponding to the new type of lighting fixture under test, call the corresponding orthogonal coded sequence, and apply modulation to the driving reference current through chip current modulation method; At any given time, only one novel lighting fixture under test is allowed to perform orthogonal coding perturbation; While applying orthogonal coded perturbations to the new lighting fixture under test, the fixture-side response, circuit-side response, and power distribution-side response are simultaneously collected. The amplitudes of the fixture-side response, circuit-side response, and power distribution-side response are extracted. The propagation coefficients from the fixture to the lighting circuit and from the lighting circuit to the power distribution cabinet are calculated. The propagation delays from the fixture to the lighting circuit and from the lighting circuit to the power distribution cabinet are also extracted. Within a stable acquisition window, the steady-state power of the new lighting fixtures under the current operating scenario is statistically analyzed and associated with the scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark.

5. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The consistency deviation determination of lighting circuits and distribution cabinets based on scenario-based response fingerprint benchmarks includes: Determine the current operating scenario and call the saved scenario-based response fingerprint benchmark and the corresponding steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting fixtures in the current operating scenario; By combining the real-time power of the new lighting fixture on the fixture side and the propagation coefficient of the new lighting fixture from the fixture to the lighting circuit in the current operating scenario, a reference aggregated response of the lighting circuit is constructed. By combining the propagation coefficient of the new lighting fixture from the fixture to the lighting circuit and the propagation coefficient of the lighting circuit to the distribution cabinet in the current operating scenario, a reference aggregated response of the distribution cabinet is constructed. Read the measured power on the circuit side of the lighting circuit and the measured power on the distribution side of the distribution cabinet, and calculate the consistency deviation of the lighting circuit and the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet based on the reference aggregate response of the lighting circuit and the reference aggregate response of the distribution cabinet, respectively.

6. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the target lighting circuit and the target distribution cabinet includes: When the consistency deviation of a lighting circuit is higher than the lighting circuit deviation threshold for a continuous inspection cycle, the corresponding lighting circuit will be identified as the target lighting circuit. When the consistency deviation of the distribution cabinet is continuously higher than the deviation threshold of the distribution cabinet in the continuous inspection cycle, the corresponding distribution cabinet will be identified as the target distribution cabinet. When both the lighting circuit and the distribution cabinet are determined to be abnormal, the abnormal distribution cabinet is identified as the target distribution cabinet, and the number of lighting circuits with the largest consistency deviation among the lighting circuits under the current target distribution cabinet are identified as the target lighting circuits. When there is only a target lighting circuit but no target distribution cabinet is formed, the distribution cabinet to which the target lighting circuit belongs is determined as the target distribution cabinet.

7. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The phase-locked loop (PLL) level-up observations on the lighting fixture side, circuit side, and power distribution side include: Synchronization control frames are sent to the luminaire controller in the target lighting circuit, the circuit collector corresponding to the target lighting circuit, and the power collector corresponding to the target power distribution cabinet. The luminaire side, the circuit side, and the power distribution side enter the up-order sampling state under the same time reference. The lighting controller, circuit acquisition unit, and power distribution acquisition unit perform local clock correction and identify the same phase-locked loop upgrade observation task according to the synchronization sequence number, and start sampling according to the corresponding upgrade sampling period; Time alignment and aggregation are performed on the sampling data from the lighting fixture side, the circuit side, and the power distribution side to form synchronous response data.

8. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The orthogonal coding perturbation of the candidate luminaire set in the target lighting circuit includes: For each target lighting circuit, the window average power of each new lighting fixture in the current phase-locked order-up observation window is calculated based on the fixture-side sampling data of all new lighting fixtures in the current target lighting circuit within the phase-locked order-up observation window. The average power of the window is compared with the steady-state power benchmark of the new lighting fixture under the corresponding operating scenario. When the deviation between the average power of the window and the steady-state power benchmark is higher than the candidate screening threshold, the current new lighting fixture is included in the candidate fixture set corresponding to the current target lighting circuit. When the number of new lighting fixtures exceeding the candidate screening threshold is greater than the upper limit of the number of candidates, only a few new lighting fixtures with the largest deviation will be retained as the candidate fixture set. When there are no new lighting fixtures in the current target lighting circuit that are higher than the candidate screening threshold, the new lighting fixture with the largest deviation is selected as the candidate fixture; After forming a set of candidate luminaires for each target lighting circuit, the union of the sets of candidate luminaires for all target lighting circuits is taken as the total set of candidate luminaires for the current target distribution cabinet.

9. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The runtime response fingerprint extracted from the candidate luminaire set based on synchronous response data includes: Each candidate luminaire in the candidate luminaire set is assigned a distinct orthogonal coding sequence from the orthogonal coding sequence list, and the coding index, perturbation start time and perturbation duration are sent to the luminaire controller corresponding to each candidate luminaire. Collect sampling data from the lighting fixture side, the circuit side, and the power distribution side, and associate them with the synchronization sequence number corresponding to the current perturbation batch to form runtime synchronization response data; The runtime synchronous response data is segmented according to the chip boundaries, and chip-in-phase correlation matching is performed with the orthogonal coding sequences corresponding to the candidate lamps, followed by normalization processing, to form the runtime response fingerprint of the candidate lamps in the current operating scenario.

10. The method for monitoring the operation of urban lighting facilities based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The identified faulty objects include: Calculate the lamp layer residual, the circuit layer residual, and the power distribution layer residual of the candidate lamps to determine the lamp-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and power distribution-level criteria for the current target lighting circuit. Compare all lighting-level criteria, circuit-level criteria, and current distribution-level criteria to determine the faulty object.

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