Aperiodic CSI-RS signaling for enhanced type-II codebook for predicted PMI in large array

Abstract

A system and method are disclosed, including a method performed by a user equipment (UE) comprising receiving a channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration that configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource comprising >32 antenna ports, using a codebook for a predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI). The method also includes receiving information for configuring a set of aperiodic non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources for the UE, the set comprising multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource comprising Y antenna ports, where Y≤32. The method also includes receiving downlink control information (DCI) triggers, determining K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZP CSI-RS resources and having X·Y>32 antenna ports, performing channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources, determining CSI based on the channel measurements, and reporting the CSI to network nodes.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 567,846, filed March 20, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to wireless (e.g., cellular) communication systems, and more specifically, to aperiodic channel state information reference signaling (CSI-RS) for enhanced Type II codebooks of predicted precoded matrix indicators (PMIs) under large arrays in wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0004] Multi-antenna technology can significantly improve the data rate and reliability of wireless communication systems. Performance is particularly improved when both the transmitter and receiver are equipped with multiple antennas, forming a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication channel. Such systems and / or related technologies are commonly referred to as MIMO.

[0005] A core component of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks, or New Radio (NR), is the support for MIMO antenna deployment and MIMO-related technologies such as spatial multiplexing. Under favorable channel conditions, spatial multiplexing can be used to increase data rates. Figure 1 This illustrates an example of spatial multiplexing. The symbol vector carrying information. Multiply by N T×r Precoding matrix or precoder The precoding matrix or precoder is used to distribute the transmit energy to N. T In a subspace of a dimensional vector space. The precoding matrix is ​​usually chosen from a codebook of possible precoding matrices and is usually indicated by a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), which specifies a unique precoding matrix in the codebook for a given number of symbol streams. The r symbols in the code each correspond to a MIMO layer, and r is called the transmission rank, which is equal to the precoder rank. The number of columns. In this way, spatial multiplexing is achieved because multiple symbols can be transmitted simultaneously on the same time-frequency resource element (RE). The number of symbols r is usually adjusted to suit the current channel characteristics.

[0006] NR uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) in the downlink. The User Equipment (UE) receives NR on a certain RE. R ×1 vector It can be represented as:

[0007]

[0008] Among them, en This is the receiver noise / interference vector. (Pre-encoder) It can be constant in frequency (i.e., broadband) or frequency selective (i.e., per subband).

[0009] Select pre-encoder To match N R ×N T MIMO channel matrix This property allows for channel-related precoding, also known as closed-loop precoding.

[0010] In closed-loop precoding, the UE provides feedback to the next-generation NodeB (gNB) regarding a suitable precoder in the form of a PMI (Programmable Memory Index) based on downlink channel measurements. For this purpose, the UE is configured with a Channel State Information (CSI) reporting configuration, which includes a CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) for channel measurements and a codebook of candidate precoders. In addition to the precoder, the feedback may also include a Rank Indicator (RI) and one or two Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs). RI, PMI, and CQI are part of the CSI feedback. In NR (Non-Navigate Registry), CSI feedback can be wideband, reporting one CSI for the entire channel bandwidth, or frequency-selective, reporting one CSI for each subband. A subband is defined as a number of consecutive Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), ranging from 4 to 32 PRBs, depending on the size of the Bandwidth Partial (BWP).

[0011] Based on the CSI feedback from the UE, the gNB determines the transmission parameters it wishes to use for transmitting to the UE, including the precoding matrix, transmission rank, and modulation and coding scheme (MCS).

[0012] Two-dimensional (2D) antenna arrays are widely used, and such antenna arrays can be constructed using a number of antenna ports in the first dimension (e.g., the horizontal dimension). The number of antenna ports in a second dimension perpendicular to the first dimension (e.g., a vertical dimension). and the number of polarizations To describe it. Therefore, the total number of antenna ports is The concept of an antenna port is non-limiting and can refer to any virtualization (e.g., linear mapping) of a physical antenna element. For example, pairs of physical antenna elements can be fed the same signal, thus sharing the same virtualized antenna port. Figure 2 It shows an antenna element with dual polarization (i.e., ) of 4×4 (i.e., Example of an array.

[0013] Precoding can be interpreted as multiplying the signal to be transmitted by a set of beamforming weights at the antenna port before transmission. A typical approach is to adapt the precoder to the antenna form factor, i.e., to consider the antenna shape factor when designing the precoder codebook. , and .

[0014] CSI-RS is defined for CSI measurement and feedback. CSI-RS is transmitted on the antenna port at the gNB, and the UE uses CSI-RS to measure the downlink channel between that antenna port and each of the UE's receive antenna ports. The transmitting antenna port is also referred to as the CSI-RS port. The number of CSI-RS ports supported in NR is {1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32}. By measuring the received CSI-RS, the UE can estimate the channel traversed by the CSI-RS, including the radio propagation channel and antenna gain. CSI-RS used for the above purposes is also referred to as Non-Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS.

[0015] CSI-RS can be configured to be transmitted in certain REs within a time slot and in certain time slots. Figure 3 An example of a CSI-RS RE with twelve (12) antenna ports is shown, where one RE is shown for each port per resource block (RB).

[0016] In addition, NR defines Interference Measurement Resources (IMR) for UEs to measure interference. An IMR resource consists of four REs, either four frequency-adjacent REs within the same Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, or REs in a time slot that are adjacent in both time and frequency in a 2×2 configuration. By measuring the channel based on NZP CSI-RS and measuring interference based on IMR, the UE can estimate the effective channel and noise-plus-interference, thereby determining the CSI. Furthermore, UEs in NR can be configured to measure interference based on one or more NZP CSI-RS resources.

[0017] In NR, a UE can be configured with multiple CSI reporting settings and multiple CSI-RS resource settings. Each resource setting can contain multiple resource sets, and each resource set can contain up to eight (8) CSI-RS resources. For each CSI reporting setting, the UE feeds back a CSI report. Each CSI reporting setting contains at least the following information:

[0018] • CSI-RS resource settings for channel measurements

[0019] • IMR resource set for interference measurement

[0020] • Optionally, a CSI-RS resource set for interference measurement

[0021] • Time-domain behavior, i.e., periodic reporting, semi-persistent reporting, or aperiodic reporting.

[0022] • Frequency granularity, i.e., broadband or subband

[0023] • CSI parameters to be reported, such as RI, PMI, CQI, and CSI-RS resource indicators (CRI) when multiple CSI-RS resources exist in the resource set.

[0024] • Codebook type, i.e., type I or type II, and codebook subset restrictions

[0025] Measurement limitations

[0026] • Subband size. Indicates one of two possible subband sizes, with the value depending on the BWP's bandwidth. A CQI / PMI is fed back for each subband (if subband reporting is configured).

[0027] In NR, CSI-AperiodicTriggerState is configured to trigger aperiodic CSI reports. The CSI-AperiodicTriggerList information element (IE) is defined in 3GPP TS38.331 V17.2.0 as follows: A list of trigger states exists, which can include up to 128 CSI-AperiodicTriggerStates. Each trigger state can include up to 16 CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfos. Each CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo contains a reportConfig id associated with it and a CSI-ReportConfig. The UE can configure up to 48 different reportConfigs. Each ReportConfig includes a codebookConfig field.

[0028] A common type of precoding is the use of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) precoder, where the precoder is used to encode data using a variable frequency drive (VFD). The precoder vector for precoding a single-layer transmission of a single-polarization uniform linear array (ULA) with one antenna is defined as:

[0029]

[0030] in, For precoder index, The integer oversampling factor. Also known as beam index A one-dimensional (1D) DFT beam. If the ULA is along the horizontal dimension, each DFT beam points to an azimuth direction. If the ULA is along the vertical dimension, each DFT beam points to an elevation direction. Each precoder corresponds to a DFT beam.

[0031] For having in one dimension One antenna port and has in another dimension The precoder vector for a two-dimensional uniform planar array (UPA) with multiple antenna ports can be created by taking the Kronecker product of two precoder vectors, as shown below:

[0032] ,

[0033] in, and It is the 1D DFT beam in each of the two dimensions, and and They are respectively with and The oversampling factors on the two associated dimensions. Also known as 2D DFT beamforming, it consists of two beam indices. This is used to characterize a beam index in each dimension. Each precoder corresponds to a 2D DFT beam.

[0034] Then, extending the DFT precoder to dual-polarized UPA can be done as follows:

[0035]

[0036] in, The co-phase factor can be selected from the M-phase shift keying (PSK) alphabet, for example, from quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK). .

[0037] Precoder matrix for multilayer transmission This can be created by appending columns to the DFT precoder vector, as shown below:

[0038]

[0039] in, This refers to the number of transmission layers. Such a DFT-based precoder is used, for example, in NR Type I CSI feedback, where each layer is associated with a 2D DFT beam.

[0040] In multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), two or more users in the same cell are coordinated and scheduled on the same time-frequency resource. That is, multiple data streams are sent to different UEs on the same time-frequency resource, and each UE can be assigned one or more layers. By sending multiple streams simultaneously, system capacity can be improved.

[0041] To avoid inter-UE or inter-layer interference, zero-forcing (ZF) precoders can be used. In this type of precoder, feedback precoders associated with all UEs co-scheduled in the same time-frequency resource are used together to generate a new set of orthogonal precoders. This requires that each feedback precoder can accurately represent the underlying channel. However, in multipath channels, a single DFT beam often cannot accurately represent a layer because each layer may be transmitted through multiple paths, each corresponding to a DFT beam.

[0042] To improve upon the aforementioned precoder based on a single DFT beam, CSI feedback based on a Type II codebook was introduced in NR Rel-15 and further enhanced in NR Rel-16. The basic concept is that, due to multipath propagation, each layer may contain more than one DFT beam. Therefore, a better precoder can be created by combining multiple DFT beams for each layer, and the UE feeds back these multiple DFT beams along with the combination coefficients.

[0043] Type II CSI codebooks (specified in section 5.2.2.2.3 of 3GPP TS 38.214 V18.1.0) were introduced in NR Rel-15, enabling UEs to report richer CSI than Type I feedback (specified in section 5.2.2.2.1 of 3GPP TS 38.214), thus facilitating MU-MIMO precoding. Essentially, Type II CSI feedback includes information linearly combined from multiple DFT beams at each layer at the subband granularity. Type II CSI feedback outperforms Type I CSI feedback in system-level performance. However, the Type II CSI reporting specified in NR Rel-15 suffers from significant overhead due to subband reporting. To overcome the problem of high overhead in Type II, Rel-16 introduced the enhanced Type II (eType-II) CSI codebook (specified in section 5.2.2.2.5 of 3GPP TS 38.214), which utilizes the correlation between subbands and applies compression along the frequency domain.

[0044] In addition to the Type II and eType-II codebooks, NR also supports its port selection (PS) variants, namely the Type II PS codebook and the eType-II PS codebook, where the UE measures beamformed CSI-RS ports instead of unbeamformed CSI-RS ports and selects a subset of ports. The PS variants are designed for reciprocity-based operation typically used in Time Division Duplex (TDD) deployments, as the network may already know a good set of spatial (SD) bases for precoding CSI-RS. In Rel-17, the eType-II PS codebook of Rel-16 (specified in section 5.2.2.2.6 of 3GPP TS 38.214 V18.1.0) is further enhanced to support frequency division duplex (FDD) scenarios with partial reciprocity, where the network can estimate a good set of SD bases and the delay differences between these SD bases. In the further enhanced Type II PS codebook of Rel-17 (or the feType-II PS specified in Section 5.2.2.2.7 of 3GPP TS 38.214), the UE measures the beamformed and delay-compensated CSI-RS and reports phase-related information that the network cannot estimate due to partial reciprocity.

[0045] As of Rel-17, in all Type II CSI feedback variants, the UE is configured to report PMI for a single CSI-RS measurement instance, based on the configured codebook type. Type II feedback contains granular CSI information, and it has been observed that system-level performance (especially when using MU-MIMO) degrades with UE mobility due to outdated reporting. This performance loss can be partially recovered by shortening the CSI-RS transmission cycle, but at the cost of increased DL RS overhead and UL reporting overhead.

[0046] To address the issue of Type II reporting becoming outdated with UE mobility, Rel-18 specifies the following codebook:

[0047] a) The enhanced Type II codebook used for the predicted PMI (or the eType II-predicted PMI as specified in Section 5.2.2.2.10 of 3GPP TS 38.214); and

[0048] b) The further enhanced Type II PS codebook for the predicted PMI (feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI as specified in Section 5.2.2.2.11 of 3GPP TS 38.214).

[0049] The UE is configured with A non-periodic CSI-RS resource, or one configured with periodic or semi-persistent CSI-RS resources, is used to perform multiple measurements. The UE uses these multiple measurements to determine multiple PMIs within a future time window and packages these PMIs into a single report. The enhanced codebook used for the predicted PMIs is described in detail below.

[0050] Regarding PMI forecasting based on aperiodic CSI-RS, periodic CSI-RS, or semi-persistent CSI-RS Figure 4 The concept of a Type II codebook for the predicted PMI in Rel-18 is illustrated. The UE is configured to... Each time slot Measurements are performed on bursts of aperiodic or periodic / semi-persistent (P / SP) CSI-RS instances, shown in the figure with the first type of shaded line. In Rel-18, each CSI-RS resource has a maximum of 32 CSI-RS ports. The UE measures the CSI-RS ports at multiple time instances and determines the intervals between them. Each time slot One precoder / PMI, shown in the figure with the second type of shaded line. The determination of the precoder is made by the UE implementation. The UE can determine the precoder in the following two possible ways. One precoder:

[0051] a) The UE can first predict each CSI port in The channel for each future time slot is determined, and the precoder is calculated based on the predicted channel; or

[0052] b) The UE can directly based on Sub-measurement calculation One precoder.

[0053] Each PMI is packaged into a single CSI report, and in time slots The data is sent to the network (shown in black boxes). This is to account for the time slots in which CSI reports are sent in UL resources. The network configures parameters to the UE based on the delay between the first PMI applied to the DL transmission time slot. The UE can use this information to determine the time slot that the first PMI will be used and design its predictor accordingly.

[0054] In the event of an aperiodic CSI-RS burst Several distinct aperiodic CSI-RS resources are configured as part of a single NZPCSI-RS resource set. This is in accordance with the CSI-AperiodicTriggerStateList IE defined in 3GPP TS 38.331 V18.0.0. A single NZP CSI-RS resource set of an aperiodic CSI-RS resource is triggered via CSI-ApperiodicTriggerState.

[0055] The Type II codebook used in Rel-18 for predicting PMI is based on the design principles of the Rel-16 eType-II codebook. Therefore, PMI is reported using a set of SD basis, frequency domain (FD) basis, and linear complex-valued combination coefficients. To... To minimize reporting overhead, PMIs are packaged into a single report. A new set of bases, the Doppler domain (DD) bases, is introduced to reduce reporting overhead.

[0056] Regarding eTypeII-predictedPMI codebook parameters and CSI reports, the following channel measurement resources can be configured for eTypeII-predictedPMI:

[0057] · A non-periodic CSI-RS resource, each resource spaced apart. One time slot;

[0058] · The cycle is Periodic or semi-persistent CSI-RS resources.

[0059] According to Section 5.2.2.2.10 of 3GPP TS 38.214, the following parameters can be configured in the Rel-18 eTypeII-predicted PMI codebook:

[0060] The number of DFT beams, FD basis vectors, and coefficients to be selected by the UE and reported in the CSI report is configured via a parameter combination index. The parameter combinations are listed in Table 1, where... For the number of DFT beams, For rank, Determine the number of FD bases, Decide on the number of non-zero coefficients to report.

[0061] Table 1: , and Codebook parameter configuration

[0062]

[0063] • Number of PMIs in future time windows (number of PMI intervals). :

[0064] If If so, the PMI should be reported in the Rel-16 eType II format as specified in Section 5.2.2.2.5 and Table 5.2.2.2.5-5 of 3GPP TS 38.214.

[0065] If Then choose The Doppler domain bases are compressed over time slots in future time windows and the PMI is reported in accordance with Section 5.2.2.2.10 and Table 5.2.2.2.10-2 of 3GPP TS 38.214. The first DD base (the first column of the DDDFT matrix) is always selected, and only the index of the second selected base is reported.

[0066] ◦When At that time, due to Therefore, the indexes of the selected DD base are not reported.

[0067] • The interval between consecutive PMIs or the duration of the PMI For periodic / semi-persistent CSI-RS, ,in For periodic / semi-persistent CSI-RS, the period is [not specified]. For aperiodic CSI-RS, [not specified]. ,in The interval between two CSI-RS instances.

[0068] • Delay parameter delta, . The earliest time slot interval in the PMI time slot interval is from time slot In the beginning, among them For reporting CSI uplink timeslots. Here, It is a time slot associated with the CSI reference resource described in Section 5.2.2.5 of 3GPP TS 38.214.

[0069] Regarding the feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI codebook parameters and CSI reports, the feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI codebook is an extension of the Rel-17 feTypeII PS codebook. In this port selection variant, Change the size to The port selection matrix, which is used for each polarization selection Each CSI-RS port is beamformed. Furthermore, the beamformed CSI-RS ports are time-delay compensated.

[0070] Most parameters of the Rel-18 feTypeII-PS-predicted PMI codebook are similar to those of the Rel-17 feTypeII-PS codebook.

[0071] One codebook parameter that differs from Rel-18 eTypeII-predictedPMI is N_4, which represents the number of PMIs in the future window. Only N_4=1 is supported, meaning the UE measures bursts of CSI-RS instances and targets... A future window for each time slot reports a single PMI.

[0072] Since there is no need to compress N_4>1 PMIs, no new codebook format is specified. Instead, the Rel-17feTypeII-PS codebook is reused for reporting, as described in Section 5.2.2.2.7 and Table 5.2.2.2.7-3 of 3GPP TS 38.214. Summary of the Invention

[0073] A system and method for aperiodic channel state information (CSI) reference signaling (CSI-RS) for an enhanced Type II codebook of predicted precoding matrix indicators (PMI) in large arrays are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) includes: receiving a CSI reporting configuration from a network node, the CSI reporting configuration configuring the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource including more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for the predicted PMI. The method further includes: receiving information from the network node for configuring a set of aperiodic non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources for the UE for the channel measurements for the CSI reporting configuration, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including a plurality of NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32. The method further includes: receiving downlink control information (DCI) that triggers an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on a CSI report; identifying K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZPCSI-RS resources from the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and having X·Y > 32 antenna ports; and performing channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources. The method also includes: determining the CSI based on the channel measurements and reporting the CSI to network nodes. In this way, aperiodic CSI-RS bursts with multiple samples for more than 32 antenna ports (e.g., up to 128 antenna ports) can be instructed for channel measurements, thereby calculating the CSI based on, for example, an enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted PMI and / or a further enhanced Type II PS codebook for the predicted PMI.

[0074] In one embodiment, determining K aggregated CSI-RS resources includes: determining K aggregated CSI-RS resources such that the first X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form a first aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports, and a second group of X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form a second aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports. In one embodiment, determining K aggregated CSI-RS resources also includes: the last X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form a Kth aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports.

[0075] In one embodiment, the NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are indexed from 0 to Z-1, where Z = X·K, and determining K aggregated CSI-RS resources includes: determining (504) K aggregated CSI-RS resources such that for the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource i = 0, 1, ..., K-1, the NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set indexed as X·i+j are aggregated to form the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource, where j = 0, 1, ..., X-1.

[0076] In one embodiment, adjacent aggregated CSI-RS resources in K aggregated CSI-RS resources are separated by a configurable number of time slots.

[0077] In one embodiment, the z-th (z=1, 2, …, Z) NZP CSI-RS resource in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is the NZP CSI-RS resource corresponding to the z-th NZP CSI-RS resource identifier configured as part of the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set.

[0078] In one embodiment, all NZP CSI-RS resources aggregated to form the same aggregated CSI-RS resource are contained in the same time slot.

[0079] In one embodiment, all NZP CSI-RS resources aggregated to form the same aggregated CSI-RS resource are contained within consecutive time slots.

[0080] In one embodiment, the codebook used for the predicted PMI is one of the following: an enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted PMI; or a further enhanced Type II Port Selection (PS) codebook for the predicted PMI.

[0081] A corresponding embodiment of the UE is also disclosed. In one embodiment, the UE is adapted to: receive a CSI reporting configuration from a network node, the CSI reporting configuration configuring the UE to report CSI based on a codebook for the predicted PMI, according to channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource including more than 32 antenna ports. The UE is also adapted to: receive information from a network node for configuring a set of aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resources for the UE, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements for the CSI reporting configuration, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32. The UE is also adapted to: receive a DCI that triggers an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on a CSI report; determine K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZP CSI-RS resources from the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and having X·Y>32 antenna ports; and perform channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources. The UE is also adapted to determine CSI based on the channel measurements and report the CSI to the network node.

[0082] In one embodiment, a UE includes a communication interface comprising a transmitter and a receiver. The UE also includes processing circuitry associated with the communication interface. The processing circuitry is configured to cause the UE to: receive from a network node a CSI reporting configuration that configures the UE to report CSI based on a codebook for a predicted PMI, according to channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource including more than 32 antenna ports. The processing circuitry is also configured to cause the UE to: receive from a network node information for configuring a set of aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resources for the UE to perform channel measurements for the CSI reporting configuration, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32. The processing circuitry is also configured to enable the UE to: receive a DCI that triggers an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report based on a CSI report configuration; determine K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZP CSI-RS resources from the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and having X·Y > 32 antenna ports; and perform channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources. The processing circuitry is also configured to enable the UE to determine the CSI based on the channel measurements and report the CSI to the network node.

[0083] Embodiments of a method performed by a network node of a radio access network (RAN) of a telecommunications network are also disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a network node of the RAN of a telecommunications network includes: sending a CSI reporting configuration to a UE, the CSI reporting configuration configuring the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource including more than 32 antenna ports, according to a codebook for a predicted PMI. The method further includes: sending information to the UE for configuring a set of aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resources for the UE for channel measurements for the CSI reporting configuration, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including a plurality of NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32. The method further includes: sending a DCI to the UE, the DCI triggering an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on a CSI report; and receiving a CSI report from the UE according to the CSI report configuration, wherein the CSI is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE on K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZPCSI-RS resources from the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and having X·Y>32 antenna ports.

[0084] Corresponding embodiments of network nodes are also disclosed. In one embodiment, a network node for a RAN in a telecommunications network is adapted to: send a CSI reporting configuration to a UE, the CSI reporting configuration configuring the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource including more than 32 antenna ports, according to a codebook for a predicted PMI. The network node is also adapted to: send information to the UE for configuring a set of aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resources for the UE, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements for the CSI reporting configuration, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including a plurality of NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32. The network node is also adapted to: send a DCI to the UE, which triggers an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; and receive a CSI report from the UE according to the CSI report configuration, wherein the CSI is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE on K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZP CSI-RS resources from the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and having X·Y>32 antenna ports.

[0085] In one embodiment, a network node of a RAN for a telecommunications network includes processing circuitry configured to cause the network node to: send a CSI reporting configuration to a UE, the CSI reporting configuration configuring the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each CSI-RS resource including more than 32 antenna ports, according to a codebook for a predicted PMI. The processing circuitry is also configured to cause the network node to: send information to the UE for configuring a set of aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resources for the UE to perform channel measurements for the CSI reporting configuration, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including a plurality of NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32. The processing circuitry is also configured to enable the network node to: send a DCI to the UE, which triggers an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; and receive a CSI report from the UE in accordance with the CSI report configuration, wherein the CSI is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE on K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each aggregated CSI-RS resource being composed of X NZP CSI-RS resources from the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and having X·Y>32 antenna ports. Attached Figure Description

[0086] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0087] Figure 1 This illustrates the spatial multiplexing transmission structure in NR;

[0088] Figure 2 A dual-polarized antenna element is shown. A two-dimensional antenna array, wherein... A horizontal antenna element and One vertical antenna element;

[0089] Figure 3 An example of RE allocation for a 12-port CSI-RS in an NR is shown;

[0090] Figure 4 The Type II codebook used for the predicted PMI in Rel-18 is shown;

[0091] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a process performed by a user equipment (UE) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0092] Figure 6A A first example illustrating aggregated resources and corresponding aggregated samples according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown (it should be noted that each white box in the figure represents a time slot).

[0093] Figure 6B A second example illustrating aggregated resources and corresponding aggregated samples according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown (it should be noted that each white box in the figure represents a time slot).

[0094] Figure 6C A third example illustrating aggregated resources and corresponding aggregated samples according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown (note that each white box in the figure represents a time slot);

[0095] Figure 6D A fourth example illustrating aggregated resources and corresponding aggregated samples according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown (note that each white box in the figure represents a time slot);

[0096] Figure 7 An example of a CSI-RS resource set and corresponding aggregated sample is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (note that each white box in the figure represents a time slot).

[0097] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a process performed by a network node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0098] Figure 9 Examples of communication systems according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0099] Figure 10 A user equipment (UE) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0100] Figure 11 Network nodes according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0101] Figure 12 This is a block diagram of a host according to various aspects of the present disclosure described herein, the host may be Figure 9 An example of a host in a system;

[0102] Figure 13 This is a block diagram illustrating a virtualized environment in which the functions implemented in some embodiments of this disclosure can be virtualized; and

[0103] Figure 14 A communication diagram is shown illustrating a host communicating with a UE via a network node through a partial wireless connection according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0104] The embodiments described below provide information enabling those skilled in the art to practice these embodiments and illustrate the best mode of practice. Upon reading the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand the concepts of this disclosure and recognize applications of these concepts not specifically described herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications fall within the scope of this disclosure.

[0105] Some embodiments contemplated herein will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are provided by way of example to convey the scope of the subject matter to those skilled in the art.

[0106] Several challenges exist. In 3GPP Release (Rel-) 19, RP-234007 Objective 2b defines support for Channel State Information (CSI) for up to 128 CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) ports, specifying:

[0107] 2. Specifies CSI support for up to 128 CSI-RS ports, targeting FR1.

[0108] a) Assuming the use of traditional CSI-RS resources (maximum 32 CSI-RS ports per resource), the Type I codebook is improved based on the extension of the traditional codebook to support a maximum of 128 CSI-RS ports across all resources;

[0109] b) Assuming the use of traditional CSI-RS resources (up to 32 CSI-RS ports per resource), the Type II codebook is improved based on the extension of the traditional codebook to support a total of up to 128 CSI-RS ports across all resources. Except for introducing additional values ​​for the port number codebook parameter, no codebook parameters are modified.

[0110] c) Extend CRI-based CSI reporting (calculate CQI / PMI / RI per CRI for ≥1 CRI) for hybrid beamforming to support a total of up to 128 CSI-RS ports across all resources, with up to 32 CSI-RS ports per resource, without requiring a new codebook design.

[0111] To form a 128-port CSI-RS, multiple traditional non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources are aggregated together, with each resource having a maximum of 32 CSI-RS ports. For example, a 128-port CSI-RS is formed by aggregating four 32-port NZP CSI-RS resources. This aggregation-based approach is used in Rel-19 because no NZP CSI-RS resource pattern with more than 32 ports is defined in the 5G New Radio (NR).

[0112] For CSI based on an enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI) and / or a further enhanced Type II PS codebook for the predicted PMI, an aperiodic CSI-RS burst with K samples is configured as a set of NZP CSI-RS resources with K NZP CSI-RS resources. However, this existing method of configuring aperiodic CSI-RS bursts is only applicable to a maximum of 32 CSI-RS ports, where each of the K NZP CSI-RS resources consists of 32 CSI-RS ports. How to indicate aperiodic CSI-RS bursts for channel measurements using up to 128 CSI-RS ports is an unresolved problem.

[0113] Certain aspects of this disclosure and its embodiments can provide solutions to these or other challenges. Two sets of solutions are provided for how a User Equipment (UE) determines and aggregates NZP CSI-RS resources from one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets to form aggregated resources and aggregated samples. Based on this determination, the UE estimates the channel and calculates the CSI based on an Enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted PMI and / or a Further Enhanced Type II Port Selection (PS) codebook for the predicted PMI. The calculated CSI is reported to the Next Generation NodeB (gNB).

[0114] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to how a UE aggregates one or more NZP CSI-RS resources from an aperiodic CSI-RS resource set to form aggregated resources and aggregated samples. Different solutions are provided below in Embodiment Group 1 and Embodiment Group 2.

[0115] Certain embodiments may provide one or more of the following technical advantages. Using the proposed embodiments, aperiodic CSI-RS bursts with multiple samples for up to 128 CSI-RS ports can be directed for channel measurements, thereby calculating CSI based on an enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted PMI and / or a further enhanced Type II PS codebook for the predicted PMI. Using the proposed embodiments, the UE and gNB can have the same understanding regarding which resources are aggregated to form, for example, 128 CSI-RS ports, and which resources represent different samples in the aperiodic CSI-RS bursts.

[0116] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method performed at a UE according to some embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the method includes one or more of the following steps:

[0117] • Step 500A: The UE receives the configuration of the CSI report configuration from the gNB for a CSI report based on the eTypeII-predictedPMI codebook or a CSI report based on the feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI codebook, wherein the CSI report is for more than 32 antenna ports.

[0118] • Step 500B: The UE receives from the gNB an indication of one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets configured for channel measurement for the CSI report.

[0119] • Step 502: The UE (e.g., from the gNB) receives downlink control information (DCI), which triggers one or more of the following:

[0120] ◦ One or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets; and / or

[0121] ◦ CSI reporting on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) based on the eTypeII-predictedPMI codebook or the feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI codebook.

[0122] • Step 504: The UE performs channel measurement based on the determination of how to aggregate NZP CSI-RS resources in one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets according to either embodiment group 1 or embodiment group 2 described below.

[0123] Step 506: The UE calculates or determines the CSI based on channel measurements.

[0124] Step 508: The UE reports the CSI to the gNB.

[0125] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail.

[0126] Example Group 1

[0127] In this set of embodiments, aperiodic CSI-RS bursts for channel measurements of up to 128 CSI-RS ports are configured as a single NZP CSI-RS resource set (e.g., in...). Figure 5 (in step 500B).

[0128] First, consider the scenario of X NZP CSI-RS resources, where each of the X resources has Y CSI-RS ports. Then, aggregate these X NZP CSI-RS resources to form an aggregated resource with X·Y CSI-RS ports. The UE obtains the NZP CSI-RS resource configuration... and based on And in the associated CSI report configuration (e.g., from Figure 5 In step 500A) as indicated Derivation ,Right now, .

[0129] In this embodiment, the UE receives (e.g., in step 500B) a set of aperiodic CSI-RS resources having Z = X·K NZP CSI-RS resources. Each of these Z NZP CSI-RS resources has at most, for example, Y = 32 CSI-RS ports. The UE then determines (e.g., in...) the Z NZP CSI-RS resources by grouping them as follows. Figure 5 In step 504, which resources will be aggregated?

[0130] The first X NZP CSI-RS resources out of the Z NZP CSI-RS resources in the NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the first aggregated resource with X·Y CSI-RS ports. This first aggregated resource represents the first sample in an aperiodic CSI-RS burst.

[0131] The second group of X NZP CSI-RS resources from the Z NZP CSI-RS resource set is aggregated to form a second aggregated resource with X·Y CSI-RS ports. This second aggregated resource represents the second sample in an aperiodic CSI-RS burst.

[0132] ·……

[0133] The last X NZP CSI-RS resources among the Z NZP CSI-RS resources in the NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the Kth aggregated resource with X·Y CSI-RS ports. This Kth aggregated resource represents the Kth sample in an aperiodic CSI-RS burst.

[0134] In other words, assuming that the NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are indexed from 0 to Z-1, then for i=0, 1, …, K-1 and j=0, 1, …, X-1, the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource (in the K aggregated resource sets) is aggregated from the NZP CSI-RS resources X·i+j in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set (where k is given and j=0, 1, …, X-1).

[0135] Alternatively, the k'th sample in an aperiodic CSI-RS burst is formed by aggregating NZP CSI-RS resources (k'-1)·X+1, (k'-1)·X+2, ..., k'·X, where k'=1, 2, ... K.

[0136] In some embodiments, the z-th (z=1, 2, … Z) resource in the resource set is the NZP CSI-RS resource corresponding to the z-th NZP CSI-RS resource Id configured as part of the resource set.

[0137] In one detailed embodiment, all NZP CSI-RS resources forming each aggregated resource are contained within the same time slot. In another embodiment, adjacent aggregated resources are separated by m time slots, where m is an integer configured by the higher layer. Figure 6A An example is shown where X=2 (i.e., 2 resources are aggregated to form each aggregated resource), K=4 (i.e., there are 4 aggregated samples), and m=2 (i.e., each aggregated sample is separated by 2 time slots). This example is non-limiting, and this embodiment can be extended to any number of X, K, and m. In this example:

[0138] • The first and second resources in the aperiodic CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the first aggregated resource corresponding to the first aggregated sample;

[0139] • The third and fourth resources in the aperiodic CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the second aggregated resource corresponding to the second aggregated sample;

[0140] • The 5th and 6th resources in the aperiodic CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the 3rd aggregated resource corresponding to the 3rd aggregated sample; and

[0141] • The 7th and 8th resources in the aperiodic CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the 4th aggregated resource corresponding to the 4th aggregated sample.

[0142] In another detailed embodiment, all NZP CSI-RS resources forming each aggregated resource are contained in adjacent consecutive time slots. In another embodiment, the time slot containing the last resource in an aggregated resource is separated from the time slot containing the first resource in the next aggregated resource by m time slots, where m is an integer configured by the higher layer. Figure 6B An example is shown where X=2 (i.e., 2 resources are aggregated to form each aggregated resource), K=4 (i.e., there are 4 aggregated samples), and m=1 (i.e., the time interval between two aggregated samples is 1 time slot). This example is non-limiting, and this embodiment can be extended to any number of X, K, and m.

[0143] Example Group 2

[0144] In this embodiment, aperiodic CSI-RS bursts for channel measurements of up to 128 CSI-RS ports are configured using X NZP CSI-RS resource sets (e.g., in step 500B), where each of the X NZP CSI-RS resource sets has K NZP CSI-RS resources. Then, the kth NZP CSI-RS resource from each of the X NZP CSI-RS resource sets is aggregated to form the Kth aggregated resource.

[0145] In some embodiments, the kth (k=1, 2, … K) resource in each resource set is the NZP CSI-RS resource corresponding to the kth NZP CSI-RS resource Id configured as part of that resource set.

[0146] In one detailed embodiment, all NZP CSI-RS resources forming each aggregated resource are contained within the same time slot. In another embodiment, adjacent aggregated resources are separated by m time slots, where m is an integer configured by the higher layer. Figure 6C An example is shown where X=2 (i.e., two resources from two resource sets are aggregated to form each aggregated resource), K=4 (i.e., there are four aggregated samples), and m=2 (i.e., each aggregated sample is separated by two time slots). This example is non-limiting, and this embodiment can be extended to any number of X, K, and m. For simplicity, NZP CSI-RS resource sets are referred to as sets in the figure. In this example:

[0147] • The first resource from the first NZP CSI-RS resource set and the first resource from the second NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the first aggregated resource corresponding to the first aggregated sample;

[0148] • The second resource from the first NZP CSI-RS resource set and the second resource from the second NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form a second aggregated resource corresponding to the second aggregated sample;

[0149] • The third resource from the first NZP CSI-RS resource set and the third resource from the second NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form a third aggregated resource corresponding to the third aggregated sample; and

[0150] • The fourth resource from the first NZP CSI-RS resource set and the fourth resource from the second NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the fourth aggregated resource corresponding to the fourth aggregated sample.

[0151] In another detailed embodiment, all NZP CSI-RS resources forming each aggregated resource are contained in adjacent consecutive time slots. In another embodiment, the time slot containing the last resource in an aggregated resource is separated from the time slot containing the first resource in the next aggregated resource by m time slots, where m is an integer configured by the higher layer. Figure 6D An example is shown where X=2 (i.e., two resources from two resource sets are aggregated to form each aggregated resource), K=4 (i.e., there are four aggregated samples), and m=1 (i.e., the time interval between two aggregated samples is one time slot). This example is non-limiting, and this embodiment can be extended to any number of X, K, and m.

[0152] In another embodiment, by A set of NZP CSI-RS resources is used to configure aperiodic CSI-RS bursts for channel measurements of up to 128 CSI-RS ports, where Each resource set in a NZP CSI-RS resource set has One NZPCSI-RS resource is created and aggregated into a resource with up to 128 ports. The first NZPCSI-RS burst... The sample is from the first A set of NZP CSI-RS resources is formed. Figure 7 An example of this embodiment is shown in the figure, wherein , ,and .

[0153] Details about the trigger (e.g., Figure 5 Step 502)

[0154] In the existing NR, only one non-periodic CSI-RS resource set associated with a CSI reporting configuration can be triggered at a time. When multiple CSI-RS resource sets are associated with a CSI reporting configuration, the existing triggering mechanism needs to be enhanced.

[0155] In one embodiment, the existing “CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo” information element (IE) is extended as shown below, wherein multiple NZP-CSI-RS resource sets can be configured to trigger for CSI reports. Optionally, multiple CSI-IM resource sets can also be configured to trigger for CSI reports.

[0156] The existing Internet Explorers (IEs) in NR are as follows:

[0157]

[0158] One possible enhancement to this IE might be as follows (exemplary enhancements are shown in italics for emphasis):

[0159]

[0160] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a network node (e.g., a gNB in ​​this example embodiment) according to an embodiment of this disclosure. It should be noted that this process differs from the process performed by the UE described above (e.g., regarding...). Figure 5 The processes described are complementary. Therefore, regarding Figures 5 to 7 The provided details also apply. The method includes one or more of the following steps:

[0161] • Step 800A: The gNB sends the configuration of the CSI report to the UE for either a CSI report based on the eTypeII-predictedPMI codebook or a CSI report based on the feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI codebook, wherein the CSI report is for more than 32 antenna ports.

[0162] • Step 800B: The gNB sends an indication to the UE of one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets configured for channel measurements for the CSI report.

[0163] • Step 802: The gNB sends a DCI to the UE, which triggers one or more of the following: one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets; and / or a CSI report on the PUSCH based on the eTypeII-predictedPMI codebook or the feTypeII-PS-predictedPMI codebook.

[0164] • Step 804: The gNB receives a CSI from the UE, which is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE according to the determination of how to aggregate one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets of NZP CSI-RS resources.

[0165] Figure 9 An example of a communication system 900 according to some embodiments is shown.

[0166] In this example, the communication system 900 includes a telecommunications network 902, which includes an access network 904 such as a radio access network (RAN), and a core network 906, which includes one or more core network nodes 908. The access network 904 includes one or more access network nodes, such as network nodes 910A and 910B (one or more of which may generally be referred to as network node 910), or any other similar 3GPP access node or non-3GPP access point (AP). Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that network nodes are not necessarily limited to implementations that are provided by a single vendor and integrate the radio and baseband portions. Therefore, it will be understood that network nodes include decomposed implementations or portions thereof. For example, in some embodiments, the telecommunications network 902 includes one or more Open RAN (ORAN) network nodes. An ORAN network node is a node in the telecommunications network 902 that supports ORAN specifications (e.g., specifications published by the O-RAN Alliance or any similar organization) and can operate independently or together with other nodes to perform one or more functions of any node in the telecommunications network 902 (including one or more network nodes 910 and / or core network nodes 908).

[0167] Examples of ORAN network nodes include Open Radio Units (O-RUs), Open Distributed Units (O-DUs), Open Central Units (O-CUs) (including O-CU control planes (O-CU-CPs) or O-CU user planes (O-CU-UPs)), RAN intelligent controllers (near real-time or non-real-time) with managed software or software plug-ins (e.g., near real-time control applications (e.g., xApps) or non-real-time control applications (e.g., rApps)), or any combination thereof (the adjective "open" indicates support for the ORAN specification). Network nodes can support the specification by, for example, supporting interfaces defined by the ORAN specification (e.g., A1, F1, W1, E1, E2, X2, Xn interfaces), open fronthaul user plane interfaces, or open fronthaul management plane interfaces. Furthermore, ORAN access nodes can be logical nodes within physical nodes. Additionally, ORAN network nodes can be implemented in a virtualized environment (further described below) where one or more network functions are virtualized. For example, the virtualized environment may include an O-Cloud computing platform orchestrated by a service management and orchestration framework via the O-2 interface or similar technologies defined by the O-RAN Consortium. Network node 910 facilitates direct or indirect connections of user equipment (UE), such as connecting UE 912A, 912B, 912C and 912D (one or more of which may generally be referred to as UE 912) to core network 906 via one or more wireless connections.

[0168] Examples of wireless communication via wireless connection include sending and / or receiving wireless signals using electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared waves, and / or other types of signals suitable for transmitting information without the use of wiring, cables, or other conductors. Furthermore, in various embodiments, communication system 900 may include any number of wired or wireless networks, network nodes, UEs, and / or any other components or systems that can facilitate or participate in data and / or signal communication (whether via wired or wireless connection). Communication system 900 may include and / or interface with any type of communications, telecommunications, data, cellular, radio network, and / or other similar type of system.

[0169] UE 912 can be any of a wide variety of communication devices, including wireless devices that are arranged, configured, and / or operable to communicate wirelessly with network node 910 and other communication devices. Similarly, network node 910 is arranged, capable, configured, and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with UE 912 and / or with other network nodes or devices in telecommunication network 902 to achieve and / or provide network access (e.g., wireless network access) and / or to perform other functions in telecommunication network 902 (e.g., management).

[0170] In the depicted example, core network 906 connects network node 910 to one or more hosts, such as host 916. These connections can be direct connections or indirect connections via one or more intermediate networks or devices. In other examples, network nodes may be directly coupled to hosts. Core network 906 includes one or more core network nodes (e.g., core network node 908) that together with hardware and software components. The characteristics of these components may be substantially similar to those described with respect to UEs, network nodes, and / or hosts, such that the description is generally applicable to the corresponding components of core network node 908. Example core network nodes include the functions of one or more of the following: Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Mobility Management Entity (MME), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Authentication Server Function (AUSF), Subscription Identifier Unhiding Function (SIDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Security Edge Protection Agent (SEPP), Network Open Function (NEF), and / or User Plane Function (UPF).

[0171] Host 916 may be owned or under the control of a service provider other than the operator or provider of access network 904 and / or telecommunications network 902, and may be operated by or on behalf of that service provider. Host 916 may host a variety of applications to provide one or more services. Examples of such applications include real-time and pre-recorded audio / video content, data collection services (e.g., retrieving and compiling data about various environmental conditions detected by multiple UEs), analytics functions, social media, functions for controlling or otherwise interacting with remote devices, functions for alarms and monitoring centers, or any other such functions performed by a server.

[0172] Overall, Figure 9 The communication system 900 enables connectivity between the UE, network nodes, and hosts. In this sense, the communication system 900 can be configured to operate according to predefined rules or procedures (e.g., specific standards), including but not limited to: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or other suitable second-, third-, fourth-, or fifth-generation (2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G) standards, or any applicable future-generation standard (e.g., sixth-generation (6G)); Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standards, such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard (WiFi); and / or any other suitable wireless communication standards, such as Global Microwave Access Interoperability (WiMax), Bluetooth, Z-Wave, Near Field Communication (NFC), ZigBee, LiFi, and / or any Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) standards such as LoRa and Sigfox.

[0173] In some examples, Telecom Network 902 is a cellular network implementing 3GPP standardized features. Therefore, Telecom Network 902 can support network slicing to provide different logical networks to different devices connected to it. For example, Telecom Network 902 can provide Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) services to some UEs while providing enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services to other UEs, and / or massive machine-type communication (mMTC) / massive Internet of Things (IoT) services to yet another set of UEs.

[0174] In some examples, UE 912 is configured to send and / or receive information without direct human interaction. For example, the UE may be designed to send information to access network 904 according to a predetermined schedule when triggered by internal or external events or in response to a request from access network 904. Additionally, the UE may be configured to operate in a single RAT or multiple radio access technology (RAT) or multiple standards mode. For example, the UE may operate using any or a combination of WiFi, New Radio (NR), and LTE, i.e., configured for multiple radio dual connectivity (MR-DC), such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) NR-Dual Connectivity (EN-DC).

[0175] In this example, the central hub 914 communicates with the access network 904 to facilitate indirect communication between one or more UEs (e.g., UE 912C and / or 912D) and a network node (e.g., network node 910B). In some examples, the central hub 914 may be a controller, router, content source and analyzer, or any other communication device described herein relating to the UE. For example, the central hub 914 may be a broadband router that enables the UE to access the core network 906. As another example, the central hub 914 may be a controller that sends commands or instructions to one or more actuators in the UE. Commands or instructions may be received from the UE, network node 910, or via executable code, scripts, processes, or other instructions in the central hub 914. As another example, the central hub 914 may be a data collector that acts as a temporary storage device for UE data, and in some embodiments, may perform data analysis or other processing. As another example, the central hub 914 may be a content source. For example, for a UE acting as a virtual reality (VR) headset, display, speaker, or other media delivery device, hub 914 can retrieve VR assets, video, audio, or other media or data related to perceived information via network nodes, and then provide them directly to the UE after performing local processing and / or adding additional local content. In yet another example, hub 914 acts as a proxy server or orchestrator for the UE, particularly if one or more of these UEs are low-power IoT devices.

[0176] The hub 914 can have a constant / persistent connection or an intermittent connection with the network node 910B. The hub 914 can also allow different communication schemes and / or scheduling between the hub 914 and the UE (e.g., UE 912C and / or 912D) and between the hub 914 and the core network 906. In other examples, the hub 914 is connected to the core network 906 and / or one or more UEs via a wired connection. Furthermore, the hub 914 can be configured to connect to a machine-to-machine (M2M) service provider via the access network 904, and / or to another UE via a direct connection. In some scenarios, the UE can establish a wireless connection with the network node 910 while still being connected via the hub 914 via a wired or wireless connection. In some embodiments, the hub 914 can be a dedicated hub, i.e., a hub whose primary function is to route communication between the UE and the network node 910B. In other embodiments, the central hub 914 may be a non-dedicated central hub, that is, a device capable of routing communication between the UE and the network node 910B, and also capable of functioning as the communication start point and / or end point of certain data channels.

[0177] It should be noted that the above (for example, regarding) Figures 9 to 14 The functionality of the network node or gNB described above can be implemented in any of the network nodes 910, and the above (e.g., regarding...) Figures 9 to 14 The functions of the UE described can be implemented in any of the UEs 912. In this regard, network node 910 can be a multi-TRP network node (e.g., a gNB with multiple TRPs).

[0178] Figure 10 A UE 1000 according to some embodiments is illustrated. As used herein, a UE refers to a device capable of, configured, positioned, and / or operable to wirelessly communicate with network nodes and / or other UEs. Examples of UEs include, but are not limited to, smartphones, mobile phones, cellular phones, Voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, desktop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless cameras, gaming consoles or devices, music storage devices, playback devices, wearable terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, tablet computers, laptop computers, laptop embedded devices (LEEs), laptop-mounted devices (LMEs), smart devices, wireless client devices (CPEs), vehicles, vehicle-mounted or vehicle-embedded / integrated wireless devices, etc. Other examples include any UE identified by 3GPP, including Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) UEs, Machine-Type Communication (MTC) UEs, and / or Enhanced MTC (eMTC) UEs.

[0179] The UE can support device-to-device (D2D) communication, for example, by implementing 3GPP standards for sidelink communication, Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), or vehicle-to-everything (V2X). In other examples, the UE may not necessarily be a user in the sense of a human user who owns and / or operates the associated device. Alternatively, the UE may represent a device intended for sale to or operated by a human user but which may not or initially may not be associated with a particular human user (e.g., a smart sprinkler controller). Or, the UE may represent a device not intended for sale to or operated by an end user but which may be associated with or operated for the user's benefit (e.g., a smart power meter).

[0180] UE 1000 includes processing circuitry 1002, which is operatively coupled via bus 1004 to input / output interface 1006, power supply 1008, memory 1010, communication interface 1012, and / or any other component, or any combination thereof. Some UEs may utilize... Figure 10 The components shown may be all or a subset. The level of integration between components can vary depending on the UE. Furthermore, some UEs may include multiple instances of components, such as multiple processors, memories, transceivers, transmitters, receivers, etc.

[0181] Processing circuitry 1002 is configured to process instructions and data and can be configured to implement any sequential state machine operable to execute instructions stored in memory 1010 as a machine-readable computer program. Processing circuitry 1002 can be implemented as: one or more hardware-implemented state machines (e.g., implemented with discrete logic, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.); programmable logic together with appropriate firmware; one or more stored computer programs, general-purpose processors (e.g., microprocessors or digital signal processors (DSPs)) together with appropriate software; or any combination of the foregoing. For example, processing circuitry 1002 may include multiple central processing units (CPUs).

[0182] In this example, the input / output interface 1006 can be configured to provide one or more interfaces to input devices, output devices, or one or more input and / or output devices. Examples of output devices include speakers, sound cards, graphics cards, displays, monitors, printers, actuators, transmitters, smart cards, other output devices, or any combination thereof. Input devices can allow users to capture information into the UE 1000. Examples of input devices include touch-sensitive or presence-sensitive displays, cameras (e.g., digital cameras, digital camcorders, webcams, etc.), microphones, sensors, mice, trackballs, directional keyboards, touchpads, scroll wheels, smart cards, etc. Presence-sensitive displays may include capacitive or resistive touch sensors to sense input from the user. Sensors may be, for example, accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt sensors, force sensors, magnetometers, optical sensors, proximity sensors, biometric sensors, etc., or any combination thereof. Output devices can use the same type of interface port as input devices. For example, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port can be used to provide both input and output devices.

[0183] In some embodiments, the power supply 1008 is configured as a battery or battery pack. Other types of power sources may be used, such as external power sources (e.g., power outlets), photovoltaic devices, or batteries. The power supply 1008 may also include power circuitry for delivering power from the power supply 1008 itself and / or an external power source to various parts of the UE 1000 via input circuitry or an interface such as a power cable. The delivery of power may, for example, be used for charging the power supply 1008. The power circuitry may perform any formatting, conversion, or other modifications on the power from the power supply 1008 to suit the power for the various components of the UE 1000 to which it is supplied power.

[0184] Memory 1010 may be or be configured to include memory such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), disk, optical disk, hard disk, removable magnetic tape, flash drive, etc. In one example, memory 1010 includes one or more applications 1014, such as an operating system, web browser application, widget, utility engine, or other application, and corresponding data 1016. Memory 1010 may store any one or a combination of various operating systems used by UE 1000.

[0185] The memory 1010 can be configured to include multiple physical drive units, such as a redundant array of independent disks (RAID), flash memory, a USB flash drive, an external hard drive, a thumb drive, a pen drive, a key drive, a high-density digital versatile optical disc (HD-DVD) drive, an internal hard drive, a Blu-ray disc drive, a holographic digital data storage (HDDS) disc drive, an external mini dual in-line memory module (DIMM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), external micro DIMM SDRAM, smart card memory (e.g., a tamper-proof module in the form of a universal integrated circuit card (UICC), including one or more subscriber identification modules (SIMs), such as a universal SIM (USIM) and / or an IP multimedia service identification module (ISIM)), other memory, or any combination thereof. The UICC can be, for example, an embedded UICC (eUICC), an integrated UICC (iUICC), or a removable UICC commonly referred to as a "SIM card." The memory 1010 can allow the UE 1000 to access instructions, applications, etc., stored on temporary or non-temporary storage media to offload or upload data. Articles of manufacture, such as those utilizing a communication system, may be tangibly embodied in or contained in memory 1010, which may be or include a device-readable storage medium.

[0186] Processing circuitry 1002 can be configured to communicate with an access network or other network using communication interface 1012. Communication interface 1012 may include one or more communication subsystems and may include or be communicatively coupled to antenna 1022. Communication interface 1012 may include one or more transceivers for communication (e.g., via one or more remote transceivers capable of wireless communication with another device (e.g., another UE or a network node in the access network). Each transceiver may include a transmitter 1018 and / or a receiver 1020 suitable for providing network communication (e.g., optical, electrical, frequency assignment, etc.). Furthermore, transmitter 1018 and receiver 1020 may be coupled to one or more antennas (e.g., antenna 1022) and may share circuitry, software, or firmware, or alternatively, be implemented separately.

[0187] In the illustrated embodiment, the communication functions of the communication interface 1012 may include cellular communication, WiFi communication, LPWAN communication, data communication, voice communication, multimedia communication, short-range communication such as Bluetooth, NFC, location-based communication (e.g., using a Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine location), another type of communication function, or any combination thereof. Communication may be implemented according to one or more communication protocols and / or standards (e.g., IEEE 802.11, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), GSM, LTE, NR, UMTS, WiMax, Ethernet, Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP / IP), Synchronous Optical Network (SONET), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Fast User Datagram Protocol Internet Connection (QUIC), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), etc.).

[0188] Regardless of the type of sensor, the UE can provide the output of data captured by its sensors via its communication interface 1012 through a wireless connection with a network node. Data captured by the UE's sensors can be transmitted via another UE through the same wireless connection. The output can be periodic (e.g., every 15 minutes if it reports the sensed temperature), random (e.g., to balance the load of reports from several sensors), responsive to a triggering event (e.g., sending an alarm when humidity is detected), responsive to a request (e.g., a user-initiated request), or a continuous stream (e.g., real-time video feed of a patient).

[0189] As another example, the UE includes actuators, motors, or switches associated with a communication interface configured to receive wireless input from a network node via a wireless connection. The state of the actuator, motor, or switch can change in response to the received wireless input. For example, the UE may include a motor that adjusts the control surfaces or rotors of a flying drone based on the received input, or adjusts a robotic arm performing a medical procedure based on the received input.

[0190] When the UE is in the form of an Internet of Things (IoT) device, the UE can be a device used in one or more application areas, including but not limited to urban wearable technology, extended industrial applications, and healthcare. Non-limiting examples of such IoT devices include or embedded in the following devices: connected refrigerators or freezers, televisions, connected lighting devices, electricity meters, robotic vacuum cleaners, voice-controlled smart speakers, home security cameras, motion detectors, thermostats, smoke detectors, door and window sensors, flood / humidity sensors, electronic door locks, connected doorbells, air conditioning systems (such as heat pumps), autonomous vehicles, surveillance systems, weather monitoring devices, vehicle parking monitoring devices, electric vehicle charging stations, smartwatches, fitness trackers, head-mounted displays for augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR), wearable devices for haptic or sensory enhancement, sprinklers, animal or item tracking devices, sensors for monitoring plants or animals, industrial robots, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and any kind of medical device (such as heart rate monitors or remote-controlled surgical robots). In addition to the above... Figure 10 In addition to the other components described in the UE 1000 shown, UEs in the form of IoT devices also include circuitry and / or software depending on the intended application of the IoT device.

[0191] As another specific example, in an IoT scenario, a UE can represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and / or measurement and sends the results of such monitoring and / or measurement to another UE and / or network node. In this case, the UE can be an M2M device, which can be referred to as an MTC device in the 3GPP context. As a specific example, this UE can implement the 3GPP NB-IoT standard. In other scenarios, a UE can represent a vehicle (e.g., a car, bus, truck, ship, or aircraft) or other device capable of monitoring and / or reporting its operational status or other functions associated with its operation.

[0192] In practice, any number of UEs can be used together for a single use case. For example, the first UE can be a drone or integrated into a drone, and provides the drone's speed information (obtained via a speed sensor) to a second UE, which is a remote controller for operating the drone. When the user makes a change from the remote controller, the first UE can adjust the throttle on the drone (e.g., by controlling the actuators) to increase or decrease the drone's speed. The first UE and / or the second UE can also include more than one of the functions described above. For example, the UE can include sensors and actuators, and handle data communication between both the speed sensor and the actuators.

[0193] Figure 11A network node 1100 according to some embodiments is illustrated. As used herein, a network node refers to a device that is capable of, configured, arranged, and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with a UE and / or with other network nodes or devices in a telecommunications network. Examples of network nodes include, but are not limited to, access points (e.g., radio access points), base stations (BSs) (e.g., radio BSs, NodeBs, evolved NodeBs (eNBs), NR NodeBs (gNBs)), and O-RAN nodes or components of O-RAN nodes (e.g., O-RUs, O-DUs, O-CUs).

[0194] Base stations can be classified based on the coverage they provide (or, in other words, their transmission power levels); therefore, depending on the coverage provided, a base station can be called a femtobase, picobase, microbase, or macrobase. A base station can be a relay node or a relay donor for a control relay. Network nodes can also include one or more (or all) portions of a distributed radio base station, such as centralized digital units, distributed units (e.g., in O-RAN access nodes), and / or remote radio units (RRUs), sometimes referred to as remote radio headends (RRHs). These RRUs may or may not be integrated with antennas to form an antenna-integrated radio. A portion of a distributed radio base station can also be referred to as a node in a distributed antenna system (DAS).

[0195] Other examples of network nodes include multi-transmitter point (multi-TRP) 5G access nodes, multi-standard radio (MSR) devices (e.g., MSR BS), network controllers (e.g., radio network controllers (RNC) or base station controllers (BSC)), base transceiver stations (BTS), transmitter points, transmitter nodes, multi-cell / multicast coordination entities (MCE), operations and maintenance (O&M) nodes, operations support system (OSS) nodes, self-organizing network (SON) nodes, location nodes (e.g., evolved Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC)) and / or minimized drive test (MDT).

[0196] Network node 1100 includes processing circuitry 1102, memory 1104, communication interface 1106, and power supply 1108. Network node 1100 may consist of multiple physically separate components (e.g., NodeB components and RNC components, BTS components and BSC components, etc.), each with its own corresponding components. In some scenarios where network node 1100 includes multiple separate components (e.g., BTS and BSC components), one or more separate components may be shared among several network nodes. For example, a single RNC can control multiple NodeBs. In such scenarios, each unique NodeB and RNC pair may be considered a single, separate network node in some cases. In some embodiments, network node 1100 may be configured to support multiple RATs. In such embodiments, some components may be replicated (e.g., separate memory 1104 exists for different RATs), and some components may be reused (e.g., the same antenna 1110 may be shared by different RATs). Network node 1100 may also include multiple sets of various components shown for different wireless technologies (e.g., GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, Zigbee, Z-wave, LoRaWAN, RFID, or Bluetooth wireless technologies). These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chips or chipsets and other components within network node 1100.

[0197] Processing circuitry 1102 may include one or more of the following: a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, CPU, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software and / or coding logic, operable to provide network node 1100 functionality alone or in combination with other network node 1100 components (e.g., memory 1104).

[0198] In some embodiments, the processing circuitry 1102 includes a system-on-a-chip (SOC). In some embodiments, the processing circuitry 1102 includes one or more of a radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry 1112 and a baseband processing circuitry 1114. In some embodiments, the RF transceiver circuitry 1112 and the baseband processing circuitry 1114 may be on separate chips (or chipsets), boards, or units (e.g., radio units and digital units). In alternative embodiments, some or all of the RF transceiver circuitry 1112 and the baseband processing circuitry 1114 may be on the same chip or chipset, board, or unit group.

[0199] Memory 1104 may include any form of volatile or non-volatile computer-readable memory, including but not limited to permanent storage devices, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, RAM, ROM, mass storage media (e.g., hard disk), removable storage media (e.g., flash drives, optical discs (CDs), or digital video discs (DVDs)) and / or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device-readable and / or computer-executable memory device that stores information, data, and / or instructions usable by processing circuitry 1102. Memory 1104 may store any suitable instructions, data, or information, including computer programs, software, applications including logic, rules, codes, tables, and / or other instructions executable by processing circuitry 1102 and usable by network node 1100. Memory 1104 may be used to store any calculations performed by processing circuitry 1102 and / or any data received via communication interface 1106. In some embodiments, processing circuitry 1102 and memory 1104 are integrated together.

[0200] Communication interface 1106 is used for wired or wireless communication of signaling and / or data between network nodes, access networks, and / or UEs. As shown, communication interface 1106 includes a port / terminal 1116 for transmitting and receiving data to and from the network, for example, via a wired connection. Communication interface 1106 also includes radio front-end circuitry 1118, which may be coupled to antenna 1110, or in some embodiments, is part of antenna 1110. Radio front-end circuitry 1118 includes a filter 1120 and an amplifier 1122. Radio front-end circuitry 1118 may be connected to antenna 1110 and processing circuitry 1102. Radio front-end circuitry 1118 may be configured to modulate the signal transmitted between antenna 1110 and processing circuitry 1102. Radio front-end circuitry 1118 may receive digital data to be transmitted to other network nodes or UEs via a wireless connection. Radio front-end circuitry 1118 may use a combination of filter 1120 and / or amplifier 1122 to convert the digital data into a radio signal with appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters. The radio signal may then be transmitted via antenna 1110. Similarly, when data is received, antenna 1110 can collect radio signals, which are then converted into digital data by radio front-end circuitry 1118. The digital data can then be passed to processing circuitry 1102. In other embodiments, communication interface 1106 may include different components and / or different combinations of components.

[0201] In some alternative embodiments, network node 1100 does not include a separate radio front-end circuitry 1118; instead, processing circuitry 1102 includes radio front-end circuitry and is connected to antenna 1110. Similarly, in some embodiments, all or some of the RF transceiver circuitry 1112 is part of communication interface 1106. In yet another embodiment, communication interface 1106 includes one or more ports or terminals 1116, radio front-end circuitry 1118, and RF transceiver circuitry 1112 as part of a radio unit (not shown), and communication interface 1106 communicates with baseband processing circuitry 1114, which is part of a digital unit (not shown).

[0202] Antenna 1110 may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays configured to transmit and / or receive wireless signals. Antenna 1110 may be coupled to radio front-end circuitry 1118 and may be any type of antenna capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving data and / or signals. In some embodiments, antenna 1110 is decoupled from network node 1100 and may be connected to network node 1100 via an interface or port.

[0203] Antenna 1110, communication interface 1106, and / or processing circuitry 1102 can be configured to perform any receive operation and / or certain acquire operation described herein by network node 1100. Any information, data, and / or signals can be received from the UE, another network node, and / or any other network device. Similarly, antenna 1110, communication interface 1106, and / or processing circuitry 1102 can be configured to perform any transmit operation described herein by network node 1100. Any information, data, and / or signals can be transmitted to the UE, another network node, and / or any other network device.

[0204] Power supply 1108 supplies power to the various components of network node 1100 in a form suitable for each component (e.g., at the voltage and current levels required by each respective component). Power supply 1108 may also include or be coupled to power management circuitry to supply power to the components of network node 1100 for performing the functions described herein. For example, network node 1100 may be connected to an external power source (e.g., the mains or a power outlet) via input circuitry or an interface (e.g., a cable), thereby supplying power to the power circuitry of power supply 1108. As another example, power supply 1108 may include a power source in the form of a battery or battery pack, which is connected to or integrated into the power circuitry. The battery can provide backup power if the external power source fails.

[0205] Embodiments of network node 1100 may include more than Figure 11Additional components shown are provided to offer certain aspects of the functionality of the network node, including any of the functions described herein and / or any functionality required to support the topics described herein. For example, network node 1100 may include a user interface device to allow information to be input into and output from network node 1100. This allows users to perform diagnostic, maintenance, repair, and other management functions on network node 1100.

[0206] Figure 12 This is a block diagram of host 1200 based on the various aspects described herein, which host 1200 may be Figure 9 The embodiment of host 916. Host 1200 as used herein can be or include various combinations of hardware and / or software (including processing resources in standalone servers, blade servers, cloud-implemented servers, distributed servers, virtual machines, containers, or server clusters). Host 1200 can provide one or more services to one or more UEs.

[0207] Host 1200 includes processing circuitry 1202 operably coupled via bus 1204 to input / output interface 1206, network interface 1208, power supply 1210, and memory 1212. Other components may be included in other embodiments. The features of these components may be substantially similar to those with respect to the previous figures (e.g., Figure 10 and Figure 11 The characteristics described for the device make its description generally applicable to the corresponding components of the host 1200.

[0208] Memory 1212 may include one or more computer programs, including one or more host applications 1214 and data 1216, which may include user data, such as data generated by the UE for the host 1200, or data generated by the host 1200 for the UE. Embodiments of the host 1200 may utilize only a subset or all of the illustrated components. Host application 1214 may be implemented in a container-based architecture and may provide support for video codecs (e.g., Universal Video Coding (VVC), High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), Advanced Video Coding (AVC), Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), VP9) and audio codecs (e.g., Free and Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC), Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), MPEG, G.711), including transcoding for a variety of different categories, types, or implementations of UEs (e.g., mobile phones, desktop computers, wearable display systems, and head-up display systems). Host application 1214 can also provide user authentication and authorization checks, and can periodically report health status, routing, and content availability to a central node (e.g., a device in the core network or a device at the core network edge). Therefore, host 1200 can select and / or indicate different hosts for over-the-top (OTT) services for the UE. Host application 1214 can support various protocols, such as HTTP Live Streaming (HLS), Real-time Messaging Protocol (RTMP), Real-time Streaming Protocol (RTSP), Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH or MPEG-DASH), etc.

[0209] Figure 13 This is a block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment 1300 capable of virtualizing functionality implemented by some embodiments. In this context, virtualization means creating a virtual version of an apparatus or device that may include a virtualized hardware platform, storage devices, and network resources. Virtualization as used herein can be applied to any device or component thereof described herein, and involves at least a portion of its functionality being implemented as an implementation of one or more virtual components. Some or all of the functionality described herein can be implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines (VMs) in one or more virtual environments 1300 hosted by one or more hardware nodes (e.g., hardware computing devices operating as network nodes, UEs, core network nodes, or hosts). Furthermore, in embodiments where the virtual node does not require radio connectivity (e.g., core network nodes or hosts), the node can be fully virtualized. In some embodiments, the virtualization environment 1300 includes components defined by the O-RAN Alliance, such as an O-Cloud environment orchestrated via an O-2 interface by a service management and orchestration framework.

[0210] Application 1302 (which may also be referred to as a software instance, virtual device, network function, virtual node, virtual network function, etc.) runs in virtualization environment 1300 to implement some of the features, functions and / or benefits of some embodiments disclosed herein.

[0211] Hardware 1304 includes processing circuitry, memory storing software and / or instructions executable by the hardware processing circuitry, and / or other hardware devices described herein (e.g., network interfaces, input / output interfaces, etc.). The software can be executed by the processing circuitry to instantiate one or more virtualization layers 1306 (also referred to as hypervisors or virtual machine monitors (VMMs)), provide VMs 1308A and 1308B (one or more of which may generally be referred to as VM 1308), and / or perform any functionality, features, and / or benefits described in relation to some embodiments described herein. Virtualization layer 1306 can present a virtual operating platform to VM 1308, which appears as network hardware.

[0212] VM 1308 includes virtual processing, virtual memory, virtual network or interface, and virtual storage, and can be run by a corresponding virtualization layer 1306. Different embodiments of instances of virtual device 1302 can be implemented on one or more VMs 1308, and the implementation can be made in different ways. In some contexts, hardware virtualization is referred to as Network Functions Virtualization (NFV). NFV can be used to unify numerous network device types onto industry-standard high-capacity server hardware, physical switches, and physical storage devices that can reside in data centers and customer premises equipment (CPE).

[0213] In the context of NFV, VM 1308 can be a software implementation of a physical machine, whose runtime environment behaves as if it were running on a physical, non-virtualized machine. Each VM 1308, along with the portion of hardware 1304 that executes that VM (whether it is dedicated hardware for that VM and / or hardware shared by that VM with other VM 1308s), forms a separate virtual network element. Still within the context of NFV, the virtual network function is responsible for handling the specific network functions running on one or more VMs 1308 above hardware 1304 and corresponding to application 1302.

[0214] Hardware 1304 can be implemented in a standalone network node with general or specific components. Hardware 1304 may implement some functions via virtualization. Alternatively, hardware 1304 may be part of a larger hardware cluster (e.g., in a data center or CPE) where many hardware nodes work together and are managed by management and orchestration 1310, which in particular oversees the lifecycle management of application 1302. In some embodiments, hardware 1304 is coupled to one or more radio units, each radio unit including one or more transmitters and one or more receivers that can be coupled to one or more antennas. The radio units may communicate directly with other hardware nodes via one or more suitable network interfaces and may be used in conjunction with virtual components to provide radio capabilities to virtual nodes (e.g., RAN or base stations). In some embodiments, some signaling may be provided using a control system 1312, which may alternatively be used for communication between hardware nodes and radio units.

[0215] Figure 14 A communication diagram is shown showing a host 1402 communicating with a UE 1406 via a partial wireless connection through a network node 1404, according to some embodiments. Reference will now be made to... Figure 14 To describe the UE discussed in the preceding paragraphs (e.g., Figure 9 UE 912A and / or Figure 10 UE 1000), network nodes (e.g., Figure 9 Network node 910A and / or Figure 11 Network node 1100) and host (e.g., Figure 9 Host 916 and / or Figure 12 Example implementations of the host 1200 according to various embodiments.

[0216] Similar to host 1200, embodiments of host 1402 include hardware such as a communication interface, processing circuitry, and memory. Host 1402 also includes software stored in or accessible by host 1402 and executable by the processing circuitry. This software includes a host application operable to provide services to a remote user, such as UE 1406 connected via an OTT connection 1450 extending between UE 1406 and host 1402. When providing services to a remote user, the host application can provide user data transmitted using OTT connection 1450.

[0217] Network node 1404 includes hardware that enables it to communicate with host 1402 and UE 1406. Connection 1460 can be a direct connection or via a core network (such as...). Figure 9The connection is to the core network (906) and / or one or more other intermediate networks (e.g., one or more public, private, or hosted networks). For example, an intermediate network could be a backbone network or the Internet.

[0218] UE 1406 includes hardware and software stored in or accessible by UE 1406 and executable by the UE's processing circuitry. The software includes client applications (e.g., web browsers or carrier-specific "applications") operable to provide services to human or non-human users via UE 1406, supported by host 1402. In host 1402, the executing host application can communicate with the executing client application via OTT connection 1450, which terminates between UE 1406 and host 1402. When providing services to a user, the UE's client application can receive request data from the host application of the host and, in response to the request data, provide user data. OTT connection 1450 can transmit both request data and user data. The UE's client application can interact with the user to generate user data provided to the host application via OTT connection 1450.

[0219] OTT connection 1450 can be extended via connection 1460 between host 1402 and network node 1404 and via wireless connection 1470 between network node 1404 and UE 1406 to provide connectivity between host 1402 and UE 1406. Connection 1460 and wireless connection 1470, which provide OTT connection 1450, have been abstractly drawn to illustrate communication between host 1402 and UE 1406 via network node 1404, without explicitly involving any intermediate devices and the precise routing of messages via these devices.

[0220] As an example of sending data via OTT connection 1450, in step 1408, host 1402 provides user data, which can be performed by executing a host application. In some embodiments, the user data is associated with a specific human user interacting with UE 1406. In other embodiments, the user data is associated with UE 1406, which shares data with host 1402 without explicit human interaction. In step 1410, host 1402 initiates a transmission carrying user data to UE 1406. Host 1402 may initiate the transmission in response to a request sent by UE 1406. This request may be caused by human interaction with UE 1406 or by the operation of a client application executed on UE 1406. Based on the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, this transmission may be carried out via network node 1404. Therefore, in step 1412, based on the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, network node 1404 sends the user data carried in the transmission initiated by host 1402 to UE 1406. In step 1414, UE 1406 receives the user data carried in the transmission, which can be performed by a client application running on UE 1406, which is associated with a host application running by host 1402.

[0221] In some examples, UE 1406 executes a client application that provides user data to host 1402. User data can be provided as a response to data received from host 1402. Therefore, in step 1416, UE 1406 can provide user data, which can be done by executing the client application. When providing user data, the client application may also consider user input received from a user via the input / output interface of UE 1406. Regardless of the specific manner in which user data is provided, in step 1418, UE 1406 initiates the transmission of user data to host 1402 via network node 1404. In step 1420, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, network node 1404 receives user data from UE 1406 and initiates the transmission of the received user data to host 1402. In step 1422, host 1402 receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by UE 1406.

[0222] One or more embodiments in various examples improve the performance of the OTT service provided to the UE 1406 using OTT connection 1450, in which wireless connection 1470 forms the final part. More specifically, the teachings of these embodiments can improve, for example, data rates, latency, and / or power consumption, and thus provide benefits such as reduced user wait time, relevant file size limits, improved content resolution, better responsiveness, and / or extended battery life.

[0223] In the example scenario, host 1402 can collect and analyze plant status information. As another example, host 1402 can process audio and video data that may have been retrieved from the UE for map creation. As another example, host 1402 can collect and analyze real-time data to assist in controlling traffic congestion (e.g., controlling traffic lights). As another example, host 1402 can store surveillance video uploaded by the UE. As another example, host 1402 can store or control access to media content such as video, audio, VR, or AR, which can be broadcast, multicast, or unicast to the UE. As other examples, host 1402 can be used for energy pricing, remote control of non-time-critical power loads to balance generation demand, location services, presentation services (e.g., compiling charts based on data collected from remote devices), or any other function that collects, retrieves, stores, analyzes, and / or transmits data.

[0224] In some examples, a measurement process may be provided to monitor data rate, latency, and other factors that one or more embodiments may improve upon. Optional network functions may also be present for reconfiguring the OTT connection 1450 between host 1402 and UE 1406 in response to changes in measurement results. The measurement process and / or the network functions for reconfiguring the OTT connection 1450 may be implemented in the software and hardware of host 1402 and / or UE 1406. In some embodiments, sensors (not shown) may be deployed in or associated with other devices traversed by the OTT connection 1450; the sensors may participate in the measurement process by providing values ​​of the monitored quantities exemplified above or by providing values ​​of other physical quantities from which software can calculate or estimate the monitored quantities. Reconfiguration of the OTT connection 1450 may include message formatting, retransmission settings, preferred routing, etc.; reconfiguration does not require a direct change to the operation of network node 1404. Such processes and functions may be known and practiced in the art. In some embodiments, the measurement may involve proprietary UE signaling that facilitates host 1402's measurement of throughput, propagation time, latency, etc. Measurements can be achieved by having the software use an OTT connection 1450 to send messages (especially empty or “virtual” messages) while monitoring propagation time, errors, etc.

[0225] While the computing devices described herein (e.g., UE, network node, host) may include combinations of the hardware components shown, other embodiments may include computing devices with different combinations of components. It should be understood that these computing devices may include any suitable combination of hardware and / or software required to perform the tasks, features, functions, and methods disclosed herein. The determination, calculation, acquisition, or similar operations described herein may be performed by processing circuitry that processes information in ways such as: converting acquired information into other information, comparing the acquired or converted information with information stored in a network node, and / or performing one or more operations based on the acquired or converted information, and making determinations based on the results of said processing. Furthermore, although components are depicted as single boxes located within larger boxes or nested within multiple boxes, in practice, a computing device may include multiple different physical components constituting a single illustrated component, and functionality may be partitioned between individual components. For example, a communication interface may be configured to include any of the components described herein, and / or the functionality of a component may be partitioned between processing circuitry and the communication interface. In another example, the non-computationally intensive functions of any such component may be implemented in software or firmware, and the computationally intensive functions may be implemented in hardware.

[0226] In some embodiments, some or all of the functions described herein may be provided by processing circuitry that executes instructions stored in memory, which in some embodiments may be a computer program product in the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functions may be provided by the processing circuitry, for example, in a hard-wired manner, without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device-readable storage medium. In any of these particular embodiments, the processing circuitry may be configured to perform the described functions regardless of whether instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium are executed. The benefits provided by such functions are not limited to the individual processing circuitry or other components of the computing device, but are enjoyed holistically by the computing device and / or generally by the end user and wireless network.

[0227] Those skilled in the art will recognize improvements and modifications to the embodiments of this disclosure. All such improvements and modifications are considered to be within the scope of the concept disclosed herein.

[0228] Some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are as follows:

[0229] Group A Examples

[0230] Example 1: A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising any one or more of the following:

[0231] • Configuration for receiving (500A) CSI reports from gNB, which is used for CSI reports based on eTypeII-predicted PMI codebook or CSI reports based on feTypeII-PS-predicted PMI codebook, wherein the CSI reports are for more than 32 antenna ports;

[0232] • Receive from gNB (500B) an indication of one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets configured for channel measurements for this CSI report;

[0233] • Receive (502) DCI, which triggers one or more of the following: one or more non-periodic CSI-RS resource sets; and / or CSI reports on PUSCH based on the eTypeII-predicted PMI codebook or the feTypeII-PS-predicted PMI codebook;

[0234] • Channel measurements (504) are performed based on the determination of how to aggregate NZP CSI-RS resources in one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets;

[0235] • Determine (506) CSI based on channel measurements; and

[0236] • Report (508) CSI.

[0237] Example 2: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes: providing user data; and forwarding the user data to the host via transmission to a network node.

[0238] Group B Implementation Examples

[0239] Example 3: A method executed by a network node, the method comprising one or more of the following:

[0240] • Configuration for sending (800A) CSI reports, which is used for CSI reports based on the eTypeII-predicted PMI codebook or CSI reports based on the feTypeII-PS-predicted PMI codebook, wherein the CSI report is for more than 32 antenna ports;

[0241] • Send (800B) an indication of one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets configured for channel measurements for this CSI report;

[0242] • Send (802) DCI, which triggers one or more of the following: one or more non-periodic CSI-RS resource sets; and / or CSI reports on PUSCH based on the eTypeII-predicted PMI codebook or the feTypeII-PS-predicted PMI codebook;

[0243] • Receive (804) CSI, which is determined by channel measurements performed by the UE based on the determination of how to aggregate one or more aperiodic CSI-RS resource sets of NZP CSI-RS resources.

[0244] Example 4: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes: obtaining user data; and forwarding the user data to a host or user equipment.

[0245] Group C Implementation Examples

[0246] Example 5: A user equipment includes: a processing circuit configured to perform any step of any of the Group A examples; and a power supply circuit configured to supply power to the processing circuit.

[0247] Example 6: A network node comprising: processing circuitry configured to perform any step of any of the examples in Group B; and power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the processing circuitry.

[0248] Example 7: A user equipment (UE) includes: an antenna configured to transmit and receive radio signals; a radio front-end circuit connected to the antenna and processing circuitry and configured to condition signals transmitted between the antenna and processing circuitry; processing circuitry configured to perform any step of any of the Group A embodiments; an input interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to allow information to be input to the UE for processing by the processing circuitry; an output interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to output information already processed by the processing circuitry from the UE; and a battery connected to the processing circuitry and configured to power the UE.

[0249] Example 8: A host configured to operate in a communication system to provide over-the-top (OTT) services, the host comprising: processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and a network interface configured to initiate the transmission of user data to a network node in a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE), the network node having a communication interface and processing circuitry, the processing circuitry of the network node being configured to perform any operation of any of the Group B examples to send user data from the host to the UE.

[0250] Example 9: The host according to the previous example, wherein: the host's processing circuitry is configured to execute a host application that provides user data; and the UE includes processing circuitry configured to execute a client application associated with the host application to receive transmissions of user data from the host.

[0251] Example 10: A method implemented in a host configured to operate in a communication system, the communication system further comprising a network node and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: providing user data to the UE; and initiating a transmission of the user data to the UE via a cellular network including the network node, wherein the network node performs any of the operations in any of the Group B examples to send the user data from the host to the UE.

[0252] Example 11: The method according to the previous example further includes: at the network node, sending user data provided by the host to the UE.

[0253] Example 12: The method according to any one of the preceding two examples, wherein user data is provided at the host by executing a host application, the host application interacts with a client application executed on the UE, and the client application is associated with the host application.

[0254] Example 13: A communication system configured to provide over-the-top (OTT) services, the communication system including a host, the host including: processing circuitry configured to provide user data to a user equipment (UE), the user data being associated with the over-the-top service; and a network interface configured to initiate the transmission of the user data to a cellular network node for transmission to the UE, the network node having a communication interface and processing circuitry, the processing circuitry of the network node being configured to perform any operation of any of the Group B examples to send the user data from the host to the UE.

[0255] Example 14: The communication system according to the previous example further includes: a network node; and / or a UE.

[0256] Example 15: A host configured to operate in a communication system to provide over-the-top (OTT) services, the host comprising: processing circuitry configured to initiate the reception of user data; and a network interface configured to receive user data from a network node in a cellular network, the network node having a communication interface and processing circuitry, the processing circuitry of the network node being configured to perform any operation of any of the Group B examples to receive user data for the host from a user equipment (UE).

[0257] Example 16: A host according to any one of the preceding two examples, wherein: the host's processing circuitry is configured to execute a host application for receiving user data; and the host application is configured to interact with a client application executed on the UE, the client application being associated with the host application.

[0258] Example 17: The host according to any one of the preceding two examples, wherein initiating the reception of user data includes requesting user data.

[0259] Example 18: A method implemented by a host configured to operate in a communication system, the communication system further comprising a network node and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: at the host, initiating the reception of user data from the UE, the user data originating from a transmission already received from the UE by the network node, wherein the network node performs any step of any of the Group B examples to receive user data from the UE for the host.

[0260] Example 19: The method described in the previous example further includes: sending the received user data to the host at the network node.

[0261] Example 20: A host configured to operate in a communication system to provide over-the-top (OTT) services, the host including: processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and a network interface configured to initiate the transmission of user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE), wherein the UE includes a communication interface and processing circuitry, the communication interface and processing circuitry of the UE being configured to perform any operation of any of the Group A examples to receive user data from the host.

[0262] Example 21: The host according to the previous example, wherein the cellular network further includes a network node configured to communicate with the UE to transmit user data from the host to the UE.

[0263] Example 22: A host according to any one of the preceding two examples, wherein: the host's processing circuitry is configured to execute a host application to provide user data; and the host application is configured to interact with a client application executed on the UE, the client application being associated with the host application.

[0264] Example 23: A method implemented by a host operating in a communication system, the communication system further comprising a network node and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: providing user data to the UE; and initiating a transmission carrying the user data to the UE via a cellular network including the network node, wherein the UE performs any operation of any of the Group A examples to receive the user data from the host.

[0265] Example 24: The method according to the previous example further includes: at the host, executing a host application associated with a client application executed on the UE to receive user data from the host application.

[0266] Example 25: The method according to the previous example further includes: at the host, sending input data to a client application executed on the UE, the input data being provided by executing the host application, wherein user data is provided by the client application in response to input data from the host application.

[0267] Example 26: A host configured to operate in a communication system to provide over-the-top (OTT) services, the host comprising: processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and a network interface configured to initiate the transmission of user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE), wherein the UE includes a communication interface and processing circuitry, the UE's communication interface and processing circuitry being configured to perform any step of any of the Group A examples to send user data to the host.

[0268] Example 27: The host according to the previous example, wherein the cellular network further includes a network node configured to communicate with the UE to send user data from the UE to the host.

[0269] Example 28: A host according to any one of the preceding two examples, wherein: the host's processing circuitry is configured to execute a host application to provide user data; and the host application is configured to interact with a client application executed on the UE, the client application being associated with the host application.

[0270] Example 29: A method implemented by a host configured to operate in a communication system, the communication system further comprising a network node and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: at the host, receiving user data sent by the UE to the host via the network node, wherein the UE performs any step of any of the Group A examples to send the user data to the host.

[0271] Example 30: The method according to the previous example further includes: at the host, executing a host application associated with a client application executed on the UE to receive user data from the UE.

[0272] Example 31: The method according to any one of the preceding two examples further includes: at the host, sending input data to a client application executed on the UE, the input data being provided by executing the host application, wherein user data is provided by the client application in response to input data from the host application.

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: The UE is configured to receive (500A) Channel State Information (CSI) reporting configuration from a network node, wherein the CSI reporting configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each of the K>1 CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for a predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI). The network node receives (500B) information for configuring an aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource set for the UE, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set being used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set comprising multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource comprising Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Receive (502) downlink control information (DCI), the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; Determine (504) K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each of the K aggregated CSI-RS resources being aggregated from X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, and having X·Y>32 antenna ports; Perform (504) channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources; Based on the channel measurements, determine (506) CSI; and Report the CSI (508) to the network node.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Determining (504) the K aggregated CSI-RS resources includes: determining (504) the K aggregated CSI-RS resources such that: The first X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the first aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports; and The second group of X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is aggregated to form a second aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, Determining (504) the K aggregated CSI-RS resources also makes it so that: the last X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the Kth aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are indexed from 0 to Z-1, where Z = X·K, and determining (504) the K aggregated CSI-RS resources includes: determining (504) the K aggregated CSI-RS resources such that for the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource i = 0, 1, …, K-1, the NZP CSI-RS resources indexed as X·i+j in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource, where j = 0, 1, …, X-1.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The adjacent aggregated CSI-RS resources in the K aggregated CSI-RS resources are separated by a configurable number of time slots.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The z-th (z=1,2,…,Z) NZP CSI-RS resource in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is the NZP CSI-RS resource corresponding to the z-th NZP CSI-RS resource identifier configured as part of the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, All NZP CSI-RS resources aggregated to form the same aggregated CSI-RS resource are contained in the same time slot.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, All NZP CSI-RS resources aggregated to form the same aggregated CSI-RS resource are contained in consecutive time slots.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The codebook used for the predicted PMI is one of the following: an enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted PMI; or a further enhanced Type II port selection PS codebook for the predicted PMI.

10. A user equipment (UE), suitable for: The UE is configured to receive (500A) Channel State Information (CSI) reporting configuration from a network node, wherein the CSI reporting configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each of the K>1 CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for a predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI). The network node receives (500B) information for configuring an aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource set for the UE. This aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report. The aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set includes multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports. Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Receive (502) downlink control information (DCI), the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; Determine (504) K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each of the K aggregated CSI-RS resources being aggregated from X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, and having X·Y>32 antenna ports; Perform (504) channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources; Based on the channel measurements, determine (506) CSI; and Report the CSI (508) to the network node.

11. The UE according to claim 10 is also suitable for performing the method of any one of claims 2 to 9.

12. A user equipment (UE) (1000), comprising: The communication interface (1012) includes a transmitter (1018) and a receiver (1020). as well as A processing circuit (1002) associated with the communication interface (1012) is configured to cause the UE (1000) to: The UE is configured to receive (500A) Channel State Information (CSI) reporting configuration from a network node, wherein the CSI reporting configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each of the K>1 CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for a predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI). The network node receives (500B) information for configuring an aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource set for the UE, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set being used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set comprising multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource comprising Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Receive (502) downlink control information (DCI), the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; Determine (504) K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each of the K aggregated CSI-RS resources being aggregated from X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, and having X·Y>32 antenna ports; Perform (504) channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources; Based on the channel measurements, determine (506) CSI; and Report the CSI (508) to the network node.

13. The UE (1000) according to claim 12, wherein, The processing circuit (1002) is also configured to cause the UE (1000) to perform the method according to any one of claims 2 to 9.

14. A method performed by a network node of a radio access network (RAN) of a telecommunications network, the method comprising: Send (800A) Channel State Information (CSI) Report Configuration to User Equipment (UE), wherein the CSI Report Configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each of the K>1 CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports; Send (800B) information to the UE for configuring an aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource set for the UE, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements configured for the CSI report, the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set including multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Sending (802) Downlink Control Information (DCI) to the UE, the DCI triggers the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; and The UE receives (804) a CSI report according to the CSI report configuration report, wherein the CSI is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE on K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each of the K aggregated CSI-RS resources being aggregated from X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, and having X·Y>32 antenna ports.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The K aggregated CSI-RS resources satisfy: The first X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the first aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports; and The second group of X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is aggregated to form a second aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The K aggregated CSI-RS resources also satisfy the following condition: the last X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are aggregated to form the Kth aggregated CSI-RS resource with X·Y>32 antenna ports.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set are indexed from 0 to Z-1, where Z = X·K, and for the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource i = 0, 1, …, K-1, the NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set with index X(i)+j are aggregated to form the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource, where j = 0, 1, …, X-1.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein, The adjacent aggregated CSI-RS resources in the K aggregated CSI-RS resources are separated by a configurable number of time slots.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein, The z-th (z=1, 2, …, Z) NZP CSI-RS resource in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is the NZP CSI-RS resource corresponding to the z-th NZP CSI-RS resource identifier configured as part of the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein, All NZP CSI-RS resources aggregated to form the same aggregated CSI-RS resource are contained in the same time slot.

21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein, All NZP CSI-RS resources aggregated to form the same aggregated CSI-RS resource are contained within consecutive time slots.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein, The codebook used for the predicted PMI is one of the following: an enhanced Type II codebook for the predicted PMI; or a further enhanced Type II port selection PS codebook for the predicted PMI.

23. A network node for a radio access network (RAN) in a telecommunications network, said network node being adapted to: Send (800A) Channel State Information (CSI) Report Configuration to User Equipment (UE), wherein the CSI Report Configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts with K CSI-RS resources, each of the K CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for the Predicted Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI). The system sends (800B) information to the UE for configuring an aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource set for the UE. This aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report. The aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set includes multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports. Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Send (802) downlink control information (DCI) to the UE, the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; as well as The UE receives (804) a CSI report according to the CSI report configuration report, wherein the CSI is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE on K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each of the K aggregated CSI-RS resources being aggregated from X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, and having X·Y>32 antenna ports.

24. The network node according to claim 23 is also suitable for performing the method according to any one of claims 15 to 22.

25. A network node for a radio access network (RAN) in a telecommunications network, the network node including processing circuitry configured to cause the network node to: Send (800A) Channel State Information (CSI) Report Configuration to User Equipment (UE), wherein the CSI Report Configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts with K CSI-RS resources, each of the K CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for the Predicted Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI). The system sends (800B) information to the UE for configuring an aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource set for the UE. This aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set is used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report. The aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set includes multiple NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource including Y antenna ports. Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Send (802) downlink control information (DCI) to the UE, the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; as well as The UE receives (804) a CSI report according to the CSI report configuration report, wherein the CSI is determined based on channel measurements performed by the UE on K aggregated CSI-RS resources, each of the K aggregated CSI-RS resources being aggregated from X NZP CSI-RS resources in the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, and having X·Y>32 antenna ports.

26. The network node according to claim 25, wherein, The processing circuitry is further configured to cause the network node to perform the method according to any one of claims 15 to 22.

27. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: The UE is configured to receive (500A) Channel State Information (CSI) reporting configuration from a network node, wherein the CSI reporting configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts having K>1 CSI-RS resources, each of the K>1 CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for a predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI). The network node receives (500B) information for configuring X aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource sets for the UE, the X aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource sets being used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report, each of the X aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource sets comprising K NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource comprising Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Receive (502) downlink control information (DCI), the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; Determine (504) K aggregated CSI-RS resources such that for each i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource in the K aggregated CSI-RS resources, the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource is aggregated from the i-th NZP CSI-RS resource in each of the X aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource sets, thereby the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource has X·Y>32 antenna ports; Perform (504) channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources; Based on the channel measurements, determine (506) CSI; and Report the CSI (508) to the network node.

28. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: The UE is configured to receive (500A) Channel State Information (CSI) reporting configuration from a network node, wherein the CSI reporting configuration configures the UE to report CSI based on channel measurements of aperiodic CSI-RS bursts with K CSI-RS resources, each of the K CSI-RS resources comprising more than 32 antenna ports, based on a codebook for a predicted precoding matrix indicator (PMI). The network node receives (500B) information for configuring K>1 aperiodic non-zero power NZP CSI-RS resource sets for the UE, the K>1 aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource sets being used for channel measurements configured for the CSI report, each of the K aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource sets comprising X NZP CSI-RS resources, each NZP CSI-RS resource comprising Y antenna ports, where Y is an integer value less than or equal to 32; Receive (502) downlink control information (DCI), the DCI triggering the aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set and / or a CSI report configured based on the CSI report; Determine (504) K aggregated CSI-RS resources such that for each i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource in the K aggregated CSI-RS resources, the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource is aggregated from X aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resources in the i-th aperiodic NZP CSI-RS resource set, so that the i-th aggregated CSI-RS resource has X·Y>32 antenna ports; Perform (504) channel measurements on the K aggregated CSI-RS resources; Based on the channel measurements, determine (506) CSI; and Report the CSI (508) to the network node.

Images