Rolling type earth and rockfill dam crest structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rolling type earth and rockfill dam crest structure, relates to the field of earth and rockfill dam structures, and aims to solve the problem of poor stability of the existing earth and rockfill dam crest structure, the overall stability and the anti-sliding capacity of a dam body are effectively improved by arranging an anchor rod, extending one end of the anchor rod into the dam body and connecting the anchor rod with a wave wall. And the anchor rods are connected with the base, so that the stability of the dam crest structure is further enhanced, and the dam body can keep sufficient stability when being subjected to the action of external force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of earth-rock dam structures, in particular to a rolling earth-rock dam crest structure. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of water conservancy project construction, earth-rock dam, as a common dam type, plays an important role in flood control, irrigation, power generation, etc. However, there are some problems in the design and construction of the traditional earth-rock dam crest structure, which affects the stability and service life of the dam body.

[0003] The traditional earth-rock dam crest structure is insufficient in terms of stability. When the dam body is subjected to external forces such as wind, waves, and water flow, it is prone to slippage and settlement, which seriously affects the safe operation of the dam body. Although some structural measures, such as strengthening the dam slope and setting up a drainage system, can improve the stability of the dam body to a certain extent, it is still difficult to fundamentally solve the problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a dam top structure of a rolled earth-rock dam in response to the defects of the prior art. An anchor rod is set, one end of the anchor rod is extended into the dam body, and the anchor rod is connected to the wave-breaking wall, thereby effectively improving the overall stability and anti-slip ability of the dam body. The connection between the anchor rod and the base further enhances the stability of the dam top structure, so that the dam body can maintain sufficient stability when subjected to external forces.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0006] A rolled earth-rock dam crest structure, comprising:

[0007] The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upstream side of the top of the dam body, and the wave-breaking wall is provided with a wall body and a base connected to form an inverted T shape;

[0008] The shoulder is arranged on the downstream side of the top of the dam body, and a dam top road surface is provided on the top of the dam body between the wave-breaking wall and the shoulder, and the base extends into the dam top road surface at one end facing the shoulder, and the bottom of the shoulder extends into the dam top road surface at one end facing the wave-breaking wall;

[0009] The anchor rod vertically penetrates the base and is connected to the base at the penetration position. One end of the anchor rod extends into the dam body, and the other end extends into the dam top road surface.

[0010] Furthermore, one side of the base extending into the dam top pavement is provided with multiple inclined surfaces distributed vertically, the angles of different inclined surfaces relative to the horizontal plane are distributed differently, and boundary lines are formed between adjacent inclined surfaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the dam top pavement includes multiple structural layers distributed in sequence along the vertical direction, and the boundary line serves as a stratification reference line for adjacent structural layers.

[0012] Furthermore, the multi-layer structure layer includes a road surface layer, a crushed stone base layer and a crushed stone cushion layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the crushed stone cushion layer is flush with the bottom surface of the wave-breaking wall and the bottom surface of the shoulder.

[0013] Furthermore, along the extension direction of the dam top road surface, a plurality of reserved holes are arranged at intervals on the base, and the anchor rods are connected to the reserved holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] Furthermore, mortar is filled between the inner wall of the reserved hole and the outer wall of the anchor rod to anchor the reserved hole and the anchor rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the shoulder is L-shaped, a functional ditch is provided between the shoulder and the dam top pavement, an opening is provided at the top of the functional ditch, the top surface of the dam top pavement is a slope, the functional ditch is located at the lower end of the slope, and the opening at the top of the functional ditch is flush with the lower end of the slope.

[0016] Furthermore, the functional ditch includes a grille cover, a bracket and a drainage ditch which are distributed in sequence from top to bottom. The grille bracket is installed at the opening at the top of the functional ditch, the bracket is fixed to the side wall of the functional ditch, and the drainage ditch is connected to the external shoulder drainage ditch.

[0017] Furthermore, the vertical cross-section of the drainage groove is trapezoidal, and the width of the drainage groove gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0018] Furthermore, a guardrail is connected to the top of the road shoulder.

[0019] The utility model aims to solve the problem of poor stability of the dam top structure of the current earth-rock dam. By arranging anchor rods, one end of the anchor rods is extended into the dam body, and the anchor rods are connected to the wave-breaking wall, so as to effectively improve the overall stability and anti-slip ability of the dam body. The connection between the anchor rods and the base further enhances the stability of the dam top structure, so that the dam body can maintain sufficient stability when subjected to external forces.

[0020] In the utility model, multiple sections of inclined surfaces are arranged on one side of the base extending to the dam top pavement, and the angles between different inclined surfaces and the horizontal plane are distributed differently, thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the base and the dam top pavement and improving the structural stability of the dam top pavement.

[0021] The utility model realizes accurate layered construction of the dam top pavement by designing the dam top pavement as a multi-layer structure layer and using the boundary line on the base as the layered reference line of the adjacent structure layer. This helps to control the quality of each layer structure and improve the overall performance of the dam top pavement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the crest structure of a rolled earth-rock dam in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the components of the dam top structure of a rolled earth-rock dam in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the functional groove in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Explanation of the numbers (in order of first appearance): 1. Dam body, 2. Anchor rod, 3. Gravel cushion layer, 4. Wave-breaking wall, 5. Pavement layer, 6. Gravel base layer, 7. Functional ditch, 8. Guardrail, 9. Shoulder, 10. Drainage trough, 11. Bracket, 12. Grille cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] During the design of an earth-rock dam, factors such as rainwater collection, drainage, transportation, lighting, wiring and structural stability need to be considered. The current earth-rock dam crest structure has the problem of single function and poor structural stability. Based on this, this embodiment provides a rolled earth-rock dam crest structure. Based on the problem of poor structural stability of the crest part of the earth-rock dam, an inverted T-shaped wave-breaking wall 4 is set, and the wave-breaking wall 4 is connected to the anchor rod 2 structure, one end of the anchor rod 2 is extended into the dam body 1, and the anchor rod 2 is connected to the wave-breaking wall 4, which effectively improves the overall stability and anti-slip ability of the wave-breaking wall 4. The connection between the anchor rod 2 and the base further enhances the stability of the dam crest structure; based on the problem of the single function of the crest part of the earth-rock dam, a functional ditch 7 is set between the shoulder 9 and the dam crest pavement, and structures such as a grille cover plate 12, a bracket 11 and a drainage trough 10 are configured to achieve effective drainage of the dam crest pavement, facilitate lighting wiring, and increase the crest function of the earth-rock dam.

[0028] See also Figure 1 The crest structure of the rolled earth-rock dam includes a wave-breaking wall 4, a shoulder 9, a dam crest pavement and a functional ditch 7. The wave-breaking wall 4 is located on the upstream side of the top of the dam body 1, the shoulder 9 is located on the downstream side of the top of the dam body 1, the dam crest pavement is located on the top of the dam body 1 between the wave-breaking wall 4 and the shoulder 9, and the functional ditch 7 is located between the shoulder 9 and the dam crest pavement.

[0029] The wave-breaking wall 4 is arranged on the upstream side of the top of the dam body 1, facing the water storage direction of the dam body 1, and the wave-breaking wall 4 is provided with a wall and a base connected to form an inverted T shape; the horizontal width of the base is greater than the horizontal width of the wall, such as Figure 2 As shown, the stability of the wave-breaking wall 4 can be enhanced and its ability to resist wind and wave impact can be improved.

[0030] The shoulder 9 is arranged on the downstream side of the top of the dam body 1, and a dam top pavement is provided on the top of the dam body 1 between the wave-breaking wall 4 and the shoulder 9. The base extends into the dam top pavement at one end facing the shoulder 9, and the bottom of the shoulder 9 extends into the dam top pavement at one end facing the wave-breaking wall 4. The design of the dam top pavement takes into account the extension of the base and the shoulder 9, so that the dam top pavement is closely combined with the wave-breaking wall 4 and the shoulder 9, thereby enhancing the integrity and stability of the dam top pavement.

[0031] The anchor rod 2 vertically penetrates the base and is connected to the base at the penetration position. One end of the anchor rod 2 extends into the dam body 1, and the other end extends into the dam top road surface. The base is firmly connected to the dam body 1 by the anchor rod 2 vertically penetrating the base, and one end of the anchor rod 2 is extended into the dam body 1, so as to reinforce the wave-breaking wall 4 and improve the overall stability of the wave-breaking wall 4.

[0032] Through the reinforcement of the anchor rod 2, the problems of slippage and settlement that may occur when the wave-breaking wall 4 is subjected to external forces (such as wind, waves, water flow, etc.) are effectively solved, and the stability of the wave-breaking wall 4 is improved; by optimizing the structural design of the dam top road surface, the dam top road surface is closely combined with the wave-breaking wall 4 and the shoulder 9, the structural strength of the dam top road surface is improved, and the occurrence of road surface cracking, settlement and other problems is reduced. The inverted T-shaped design of the wave-breaking wall 4 enhances its structural stability and improves the waterproof and wave-proof effects.

[0033] It is understandable that the anchor rod 2 in this embodiment can be in various forms to meet different engineering conditions and requirements. For example: the full-length bonded anchor rod 2 is filled with bonding material throughout its entire length, so that the anchor rod 2 forms a tight bond with the surrounding rock and soil, thereby providing a strong anchoring force; the friction anchor rod 2 relies on the friction between the anchor rod 2 and the hole wall to provide an anchoring effect, which is suitable for situations where the rock and soil are relatively hard and the friction is relatively large; the self-drilling anchor rod 2 itself has a hole-making function, and can simultaneously complete the processes of drilling, grouting and anchoring, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

[0034] The base is firmly connected to the dam body 1 by the anchor rod 2, which can significantly improve the anti-slip ability of the base. Under the action of external forces such as wind, waves, and water flow, the base is not easy to displace or slip, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the dam top structure. The extension and connection of the anchor rod 2 provide additional support and fixation for the base. It helps to reduce the deformation and damage of the base when subjected to external forces, and maintain its structural integrity and stability.

[0035] It should be pointed out that when arranging the anchor rods 2, special attention should be paid to avoiding the anti-seepage panels or clay core walls in the dam body 1 to ensure that the complete closed anti-seepage system formed is not affected. The main function of the clay core wall is anti-seepage. It can keep the back water surface of the core wall of the dam body 1 dry and strong. If the clay core wall is damaged or affected, the safety of the dam body 1 will be greatly reduced. The anti-seepage panel is also an important part of the anti-seepage system of the dam body 1. Therefore, when arranging the anchor rods 2, it is necessary to ensure that the integrity and functionality of the clay core wall are not destroyed or interfered with. It is necessary to avoid passing through or damaging the anti-seepage panel to prevent its anti-seepage effect from being damaged.

[0036] In order to ensure that the distribution of anchor rods 2 will not affect these anti-seepage structures, detailed planning and layout are required in the design stage. During the construction process, it is also necessary to strictly follow the design plan and conduct regular inspections and maintenance to ensure the safety and stability of the dam body 1. The distribution of anchor rods 2 should be coordinated with the anti-seepage system of the dam body 1, meeting the stability and safety requirements of the dam body 1 and ensuring the integrity and effectiveness of the anti-seepage system.

[0037] Since the dam top pavement needs to bear the loads of vehicles and personnel, its structural strength is required to be high. However, the traditional dam top pavement design often ignores the close integration with the dam body 1 structure, resulting in the pavement being prone to cracking, settlement and other problems, affecting the overall performance of the dam body 1.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, one side of the base extending to the dam top pavement is provided with multiple inclined surfaces distributed vertically, and the angles of different inclined surfaces relative to the horizontal plane are distributed differently, and boundary lines are formed between adjacent inclined surfaces.

[0039] In this embodiment, two sections of inclined surfaces distributed vertically are provided on the side of the wave-breaking wall 4 facing the dam top pavement. Different inclined surfaces have different inclination angles relative to the horizontal plane, so that a boundary line is formed between adjacent inclined surfaces. The dam top pavement includes multiple structural layers distributed in sequence along the vertical direction. The boundary line serves as a stratification reference line for adjacent structural layers, which is beneficial to leveling when different structural layers of the dam top pavement are laid out.

[0040] By setting up multiple inclined surfaces on one side of the base extending to the dam top pavement, the bonding strength between the base and the dam top pavement is enhanced, the structural stability of the dam top pavement is improved, and the occurrence of problems such as pavement cracking and settlement is reduced, thereby ensuring the long-term safe use of the dam top pavement.

[0041] In this embodiment, the wave-breaking wall 4 and the shoulder 9 are cast and made of reinforced concrete, which can be effectively combined with the anti-seepage panel or the clay core wall to form a complete closed anti-seepage system.

[0042] In this embodiment, by designing the dam top pavement as a multi-layer structure and using the boundary line on the base as the layering reference line of the adjacent structure layer, the accurate layered construction of the dam top pavement is achieved. This helps to control the quality of each layer of the structure, improve the overall performance of the dam top pavement, and facilitate the subsequent maintenance and repair work.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the shoulder 9 is L-shaped, a functional ditch 7 is provided between the shoulder 9 and the dam top road surface, an opening is provided at the top of the functional ditch 7, the top surface of the dam top road surface is a slope, the functional ditch 7 is located at the lower end of the slope, and the opening at the top of the functional ditch 7 is flush with the lower end of the slope. The slope of the slope can be 0.5%.

[0044] The multi-layer structure of the dam top pavement includes a pavement layer 5, a crushed stone base layer 6 and a crushed stone cushion layer 2 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom. The bottom surface of the crushed stone cushion layer 2 is flush with the bottom surfaces of the wave-breaking wall 4 and the bottom surface of the shoulder 9.

[0045] Pavement layer 5 adopts C25 asphalt concrete pavement, which is composed of coarse-grained asphalt concrete and fine-grained asphalt concrete, with a total thickness of 15 cm; the coarse-grained asphalt concrete is located in the lower layer with a thickness of 10 cm, and the fine-grained asphalt concrete is located in the upper layer (surface layer) with a thickness of 5 cm; the surface layer adopts a slope of 1% toward the downstream, which can effectively collect rainwater from the dam top and discharge it into the downstream functional ditch 7.

[0046] The gravel base layer 6 is paved with 5% cement-stabilized gravel, composed of cement and aggregate, with a total thickness of 15 cm and a cement:aggregate ratio of 5:100; the cement is ordinary Portland cement with a density of not less than 32.5 MPa and a compaction degree of not less than 98%; the upper layer of the gravel base layer 6 is C25 asphalt concrete pavement, and the lower layer is a gravel cushion layer 2.

[0047] The crushed stone cushion layer 2 is composed of four gradations, namely 20mm-30mm, 10mm-20mm, 5mm-10mm crushed stone and 0-5mm stone chips, with a total thickness of 20cm; the main function of the crushed stone cushion layer 2 is to strengthen the bearing capacity of the foundation and improve the durability and stability of the dam top road surface.

[0048] Along the extension direction of the dam top road surface, a plurality of reserved holes are arranged at intervals on the base, and the anchor rods 2 are connected to the reserved holes one by one, so as to realize the stable connection between the anchor rods 2 and the dam body 1. This not only improves the overall stability of the wave-breaking wall 4, but also helps to prevent the wave-breaking wall 4 from slipping, settling and other problems when subjected to external forces. At the same time, by filling mortar between the inner wall of the reserved hole and the outer wall of the anchor rod 2, the anchoring effect of the anchor rod 2 and the reserved hole is enhanced, and the stability of the connection is further improved.

[0049] The functional ditch 7 includes a grille cover 12, a bracket 11 and a drainage trough 10 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and has the two-in-one function of drainage and wiring. The grille cover 12 is installed at the opening at the top of the functional ditch 7, the bracket 11 is fixed to the side wall of the functional ditch 7, and the drainage trough 10 is connected to the external shoulder drainage ditch; by setting the functional ditch 7 between the shoulder 9 and the dam top road surface, and configuring the grille cover 12, the bracket 11 and the drainage trough 10 and other structures, effective drainage of the dam top road surface is achieved.

[0050] The vertical cross section of the drainage trough 10 is trapezoidal, and the width of the drainage trough 10 gradually decreases from top to bottom, which improves its water collection and drainage effect, helps prevent rainwater accumulation from damaging the dam body 1, and reduces safety hazards such as slippery roads. The grille cover 12 is a porous metal plate structure, and a rainwater outlet grate can also be used to meet the requirements of bearing strength and aesthetics.

[0051] In addition, by connecting guardrail 8 on the top of shoulder 9, the safety of the dam top is improved to prevent people from accidentally falling. Guardrail 8 uses 60x10 flat steel columns with a spacing of 1.2m, a 24mm diameter crossbar with a spacing of 14cm, and a 50x3 diameter steel pipe handrail. Shoulder 9 not only serves as the shoulder 9 of the dam top pavement, but also serves as the foundation of the downstream side railing, which can effectively ensure the stability of the pavement structure and provide a stable foundation for the dam top lighting facilities.

[0052] The above detailed description of the specific implementation of the utility model is only used as an example, and the utility model is not limited to the specific implementation described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modification or substitution of the utility model is also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, the equalization, modification, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A roller compacted earth-rock dam crest structure, characterized in that: include: The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upstream side of the top of the dam body, and the wave-breaking wall is provided with a wall body and a base connected to form an inverted T shape; The shoulder is arranged on the downstream side of the top of the dam body, and a dam top road surface is provided on the top of the dam body between the wave-breaking wall and the shoulder, and the base extends into the dam top road surface at one end facing the shoulder, and the bottom of the shoulder extends into the dam top road surface at one end facing the wave-breaking wall; The anchor rod vertically penetrates the base and is connected to the base at the penetration position. One end of the anchor rod extends into the dam body, and the other end extends into the dam top road surface.

2. The crest structure of a rolled earth-rock dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the base extending to the dam top road surface is provided with multiple inclined surfaces distributed vertically, the angles of different inclined surfaces relative to the horizontal plane are distributed differently, and boundary lines are formed between adjacent inclined surfaces.

3. The crest structure of a rolled earth-rock dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dam top pavement includes multiple structural layers distributed in sequence along the vertical direction, and the boundary line serves as a stratification reference line of adjacent structural layers.

4. The roller compacted earth-rock dam crest structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-layer structure layer comprises a road surface layer, a crushed stone base layer and a crushed stone cushion layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the crushed stone cushion layer is flush with the bottom surface of the wave-breaking wall and the bottom surface of the shoulder.

5. The roller compacted earth-rock dam crest structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the dam top road surface, a plurality of reserved holes are arranged at intervals on the base, and the anchor rods are connected to the reserved holes one by one.

6. The crest structure of a rolled earth-rock dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: Mortar is filled between the inner wall of the reserved hole and the outer wall of the anchor rod to anchor the reserved hole and the anchor rod.

7. The crest structure of a rolled earth-rock dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shoulder is L-shaped, and a functional ditch is provided between the shoulder and the dam top road surface. An opening is provided at the top of the functional ditch. The top surface of the dam top road surface is a slope. The functional ditch is located at the lower end of the slope, and the opening at the top of the functional ditch is flush with the lower end of the slope.

8. The crest structure of a rolled earth-rock dam according to claim 7, characterized in that: The functional ditch includes a grille cover plate, a bracket and a drainage ditch which are distributed in sequence along the vertical direction. The grille bracket is installed at the opening at the top of the functional ditch, the bracket is fixed to the side wall of the functional ditch, and the drainage ditch is connected to the external shoulder drainage ditch.

9. The roller compacted earth-rock dam crest structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vertical cross section of the drainage groove is trapezoidal, and the width of the drainage groove gradually decreases from top to bottom.

10. The roller compacted earth-rock dam crest structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A guardrail is connected to the top of the road shoulder.

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