Novel electrode structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420247681.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing lithium-ion batteries are prone to induce internal short circuits when subjected to extrusion, collision and abnormality, resulting in thermal runaway, posing safety hazards, and at the same time, manufacturing costs and pollution need to be reduced.
A new electrode structure is adopted, including a composite fluid collecting layer, a dry electrode film layer and a separator layer. A polymer material layer and a carbon layer are arranged in the composite fluid collecting layer. The polymer material layer has a high resistance and can absorb the expansion stress of lithium ions. and shrink stress to prevent internal short circuits, while the carbon layer reduces interface impedance and improves processing performance.
Through the design of polymer material layer and carbon layer, the thermal runaway process of the battery is delayed, the safety performance of the battery is improved, the proportion of metal is reduced, the quality and cost of the battery are reduced, and the energy density and electrical properties are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222440617U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a novel electrode structure. Background Art
[0002] Since the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries in the 1990s, they have greatly changed our lives. Lithium-ion batteries have accelerated the transition from oil- and gas-powered vehicles to pure electric vehicles, and promoted the advent of the new energy era. However, in response to the growing environmental requirements, the manufacturing cost and pollution of lithium-ion batteries need to be further reduced, and safety performance also needs to be improved. In addition, existing batteries can induce internal short circuits and cause thermal runaway when squeezed, collided, or abnormal. Internal short circuits in batteries are a safety hazard of current lithium-ion batteries. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model provides a new electrode structure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and specifically adopts the following technical solutions:
[0004] A novel electrode structure comprises: a composite current collector layer; dry electrode film layers are arranged on both sides of the composite current collector layer; a diaphragm layer is arranged on the side of the dry electrode film layer away from the composite current collector layer; the composite current collector layer comprises: a metal layer; a polymer material layer is arranged in the metal layer; bonding layers are arranged between the upper and lower sides of the polymer material layer and the metal layer respectively; and a carbon layer is coated on the upper and lower sides of the metal layer.
[0005] Furthermore, the composite current collector is a positive electrode current collector; the thickness of the metal layer of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 0.1 to 2.5 μm; the thickness of the polymer material layer of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 1 to 10 μm; and the thickness of the bonding layer of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 10 to 50 nm.
[0006] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal layer of the positive electrode current collector is 1 μm.
[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the polymer material layer of the positive electrode current collector is 3.5 μm.
[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the bonding layer of the positive electrode current collector is 15 nm.
[0009] Furthermore, the composite current collector is a negative electrode current collector; the thickness of the metal layer of the negative electrode current collector ranges from 0.1 to 2.5 μm; the thickness of the polymer material layer of the negative electrode current collector ranges from 1 to 10 μm; and the thickness of the bonding layer of the negative electrode current collector is 10 to 50 nm.
[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal layer of the negative electrode current collector is 0.75 μm.
[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the polymer material layer of the negative electrode current collector is 4.5 μm.
[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the bonding layer of the negative electrode current collector is 15 nm.
[0013] Furthermore, the overall thickness of the composite current collector layer is 5.5 μm.
[0014] The utility model is beneficial in that the new electrode structure provided has a polymer material layer in the middle of the composite current collector layer. The high resistance of the polymer material layer can delay the thermal runaway process of the battery, prevent short circuits in the battery, and reduce the proportion of metal, so that the overall weight of the battery is reduced, the energy density is increased, and the electrical performance is improved. The above-mentioned polymer material layer can absorb the expansion stress and contraction stress generated by the insertion and extraction of lithium ions from the electrode active material layer, has strong toughness, good processing performance, and can increase the battery life.
[0015] The new electrode structure of the utility model reduces the interface impedance through the carbon layer, increases the processing performance, and improves the peel strength of the metal layer, thereby improving the high-rate performance of the battery. Therefore, the carbon layer can reduce the electrode interface impedance and improve the processing performance of the composite current collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel electrode structure involved in the present application;
[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the composite current collector of the novel electrode structure;
[0019] Novel electrode structure 10 , composite current collector layer 11 , metal layer 111 , polymer material layer 112 , bonding layer 113 , carbon layer 114 , dry electrode film layer 12 , and diaphragm layer 13 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0021] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0022] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0023] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a novel electrode structure 10 of the present application comprises: a composite current collector layer 11, a dry electrode film layer 12 is provided on both sides of the composite current collector layer 11, and a diaphragm layer 13 is provided on the side of the dry electrode film layer 12 away from the composite current collector layer 11. The composite current collector layer 11 comprises: a metal layer 111. A polymer material layer 112 is provided in the metal layer 111. Adhesive layers 113 are provided between the upper and lower sides of the polymer material layer 112 and the metal layer 111, respectively. The upper and lower sides of the metal layer 111 are coated with a carbon layer 114. In this way, a composite current collector coated with a carbon layer 114 is used to replace traditional foil materials to prepare batteries, which reduces the volume and weight of the battery and improves the energy density. At the same time, due to the good insulation properties of the polymer material layer 112, during the needle puncture process during battery preparation, the polymer material layer 112 will extend along the direction of the needle to avoid short circuits caused by contact between the positive and negative electrodes, greatly improving the safety performance of the battery. In addition, the carbon layer 114 reduces the interfacial impedance of the electrode surface, which can improve the processing performance of the composite current collector and improve the rate performance.
[0024] That is to say, the novel electrode structure 10 of the present scheme sets a polymer material layer 112 in the middle of the composite current collector layer 11. The high resistance of the polymer material layer 112 can delay the thermal runaway process of the battery, prevent short circuits in the battery, and reduce the proportion of metal, so that the overall weight of the battery is reduced, the energy density is increased, and the electrical performance is improved. The above-mentioned polymer material layer 112 can absorb the expansion stress and contraction stress generated by the insertion and extraction of lithium ions from the electrode active material layer. It has strong toughness and good processing performance, and can increase the battery life. The novel electrode structure 10 of the present scheme reduces the interface impedance through the carbon layer 114, increases the processing performance, and improves the peel strength of the metal layer 111, thereby improving the high-rate performance of the battery. Therefore, the carbon layer 114 can reduce the electrode interface impedance and improve the processing performance of the composite current collector.
[0025] As a specific implementation, when the composite current collector is a positive electrode current collector, the thickness of the metal layer 111 of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 0.1 to 2.5 μm, the thickness of the polymer material layer 112 of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 1 to 10 μm, and the thickness of the bonding layer 113 of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 10 to 50 nm.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the metal layer 111 of the positive electrode current collector is 1 μm, the thickness of the polymer material layer 112 of the positive electrode current collector is 3.5 μm, and the thickness of the bonding layer 113 of the positive electrode current collector is 15 nm.
[0027] As a specific implementation, when the composite current collector is a negative electrode current collector, the thickness of the metal layer 111 of the negative electrode current collector ranges from 0.1 to 2.5 μm, the thickness of the polymer material layer 112 of the negative electrode current collector ranges from 1 to 10 μm, and the thickness of the bonding layer 113 of the negative electrode current collector is 10 to 50 nm.
[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the metal layer 111 of the negative electrode current collector is 0.75 μm, the thickness of the polymer material layer 112 of the negative electrode current collector is 4.5 μm, and the thickness of the bonding layer 113 of the negative electrode current collector is 15 nm.
[0029] As a specific implementation, the overall thickness of the composite current collector layer 11 is 5.5 μm.
[0030] The above-mentioned solution constrains the thickness values of the various structures of the novel electrode structure 10 and the electrode as a whole, thereby improving the structural performance of the overall battery and controlling the volume of the battery, thereby ensuring the convenience of using the battery.
[0031] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the utility model in any form, and any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A novel electrode structure, characterized in that: include: Composite current collector layer; Dry electrode film layers are provided on both sides of the composite current collector layer; A diaphragm layer is provided on one side of the dry electrode film layer away from the composite current collector layer; The composite current collector layer comprises: a metal layer; A polymer material layer is provided in the metal layer; Adhesive layers are respectively arranged between the upper side and the lower side of the polymer material layer and the metal layer; and the upper side and the lower side of the metal layer are coated with a carbon layer.
2. The novel electrode structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The composite current collector is a positive electrode current collector; The thickness of the metal layer of the positive electrode current collector is in the range of 0.1-2.5 μm; The thickness of the polymer material layer of the positive electrode current collector is in the range of 1-10 μm; The thickness of the bonding layer of the positive electrode current collector ranges from 10 to 50 nm.
3. The novel electrode structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the metal layer of the positive electrode current collector is 1 μm.
4. The novel electrode structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the polymer material layer of the positive electrode current collector is 3.5 μm.
5. The novel electrode structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the bonding layer of the positive electrode current collector is 15 nm.
6. The novel electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite current collector is a negative electrode current collector; The thickness of the metal layer of the negative electrode current collector is in the range of 0.1-2.5 μm; The thickness of the polymer material layer of the negative electrode current collector is in the range of 1-10 μm; The thickness of the bonding layer of the negative electrode current collector is 10-50 nm.
7. The novel electrode structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal layer of the negative electrode current collector is 0.75 μm.
8. The novel electrode structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the polymer material layer of the negative electrode current collector is 4.5 μm.
9. The novel electrode structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the bonding layer of the negative electrode current collector is 15 nm.
10. The novel electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall thickness of the composite current collector layer is 5.5 μm.