Force loading test device adaptive to freezing and thawing box

Abstract

The utility model relates to a force loading test device adaptive to a freezing and thawing box. The device comprises a bottom plate; the lower shear box is arranged on the bottom plate; the upper shear box is arranged on the lower shear box, and the upper shear box and the lower shear box receive a fractured rock mass to be subjected to a force loading test together; the servo electric cylinder is located on one side of the upper shearing box and one side of the lower shearing box and installed on the bottom plate, the output end of the servo electric cylinder is connected with a push rod, the outer ring of the push rod is sleeved with a connecting piece, and a force sensor is installed on one side of the connecting piece; the force sensor is located on one side of the upper shear box and is configured to conduct the force of the connecting piece and the push rod to the upper shear box, so that the upper shear box moves relative to the lower shear box; and the servo motor is arranged on one side of the servo electric cylinder. In this way, the device is combined with a matched freezing and thawing box, the test condition of a low-temperature ice-fissure rock mass test can be met, and an important tool is provided for characteristic research of the ice-fissure rock mass under the action of external force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical testing devices, in particular to a force loading testing device suitable for a freeze-thaw box. Background Art

[0002] The freeze-thaw process, as a natural phenomenon in cold regions, is an important issue faced by geotechnical engineering construction in cold regions. The freeze-thaw cycle is one of the important causes of rock and soil damage and geological disasters in cold regions. It has immeasurable harm to engineering construction and seriously threatens engineering construction and economic and social development in plateau areas.

[0003] In actual engineering projects, the damage of fractured rock mass under the action of freeze-thaw cycles is quite serious. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to ensure the long-term safety of engineering construction in high-altitude mountainous areas and promote their economic and social development by studying the physical and mechanical properties of ice-containing fractured rock mass in cold regions under the action of freeze-thaw, and exploring the basic strength indicators, constitutive relations and changing laws of the mechanical properties of ice-containing fractured rock mass under many factors such as freeze-thaw cycles.

[0004] Most of the existing low-temperature mechanical test devices are direct shear or triaxial test devices developed for frozen soil research, etc., and there are no reports on devices for studying the mechanical properties of ice-containing fractured rock mass under low temperature conditions. In view of the above reasons, a force loading test device for ice or ice-rock mixture under low temperature conditions suitable for freeze-thaw chamber is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to address the problem that the existing mechanical loading tests in the current technology are mostly some direct shear or triaxial test devices developed for frozen soil research, and there is a lack of devices for studying the mechanical properties of ice-containing fractured rock masses under low temperature conditions. A force loading test device for ice or ice-rock mixtures under low temperature conditions that is suitable for freeze-thaw boxes is proposed.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the utility model, a force loading test device suitable for a freeze-thaw box includes: a base plate; a lower shear box, which is arranged on the base plate and receives a fractured rock mass to be subjected to a force loading test together with the lower shear box; an upper shear box, which is arranged on the lower shear box; a servo electric cylinder, which is located on one side of the upper shear box and the lower shear box and is installed on the base plate, the output end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to a push rod, the outer ring sleeve of the push rod is provided with a connecting piece, a force sensor is installed on one side of the connecting piece, the force sensor is located on one side of the upper shear box and is configured to transmit the force of the connecting piece and the push rod to the upper shear box, so that the upper shear box moves relative to the lower shear box; and a servo motor, which is arranged on one side of the servo electric cylinder and is configured to generate power to drive the servo electric cylinder to work.

[0007] In some embodiments, a slider is connected to one side of the upper shear box close to the servo electric cylinder. A pad is also installed on one side of the servo electric cylinder. A guide rail is provided on the pad, and the slider is slidably arranged on the guide rail.

[0008] In some embodiments, the upper shear box is connected to the slider and is capable of relative movement with the lower shear box.

[0009] In some embodiments, the force loading test device further includes a fixing block, and one end of the servo motor and the servo electric cylinder are both fixed to the fixing block.

[0010] In some embodiments, a through hole is formed on the backing plate for the push rod to pass through, and a backing plate fixing bolt is connected between the backing plate and the outer wall of the servo electric cylinder.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lower shear box is secured to the base plate via base plate securing bolts.

[0012] In some embodiments, an air hole is connected to the servo electric cylinder.

[0013] In some embodiments, the servo motor is electrically connected to the servo electric cylinder for controlling the movement of the output end of the servo electric cylinder.

[0014] In some embodiments, four groups of pads arranged diagonally are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pad is in an "L" shape.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] The utility model is used in combination with a freeze-thaw chamber to meet the test conditions for low-temperature ice-containing fractured rock mass tests, and provides important tools and test conditions for the study of the characteristics of ice-containing fractured rock mass under the action of external forces.

[0018] The utility model also converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into linear motion. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of the precise speed control of the servo motor, the precise torque control is converted into precise speed control, thereby converting the rotation of the servo motor into the push of the servo electric cylinder, and can control the push position of the servo electric cylinder to achieve precise thrust control.

[0019] The utility model solves the problem that the low temperature environment in cold areas cannot be simulated during conventional shear tests, provides a condition as close to low temperature as possible for shear tests of ice-containing fractured rock masses, and provides an important tool and test environment for studying the characteristics of ice-containing fractured rock masses under external forces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] By reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 A front schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment according to the present utility model is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram from another perspective is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing another perspective of an exemplary embodiment according to the present utility model.

[0024] Figure numerals: 1-1, upper shear box; 1-2, lower shear box; 2, base plate; 3, base plate fixing bolts; 15, pad fixing bolts; 4, pad block; 5, slider; 6, connector; 7, push rod; 8, force sensor; 9, guide rail; 10, fixing block; 11, air hole; 12, pad; 13, servo motor; 14, servo electric cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] As mentioned above, in view of the problem that the existing mechanical loading tests in the current technology are mostly developed for the study of frozen soil, and there is a lack of devices for studying the mechanical properties of ice-containing fractured rock mass under low temperature conditions, the utility model uses the shear stress of the mutual movement of the lower shear box and the upper shear box to generate shear stress on the fractured rock mass, and can be used in conjunction with the freeze-thaw box to meet the test conditions of the low-temperature ice-containing fractured rock mass test, and provides important tools and test conditions for the study of the characteristics of ice-containing fractured rock mass under external forces; each embodiment of the utility model also converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into linear motion, and at the same time, combined with the characteristics of the precise speed control of the servo motor, the precise torque control is converted into precise speed control, and the rotation of the servo motor is converted into the push of the servo electric cylinder, which can control the push position of the servo electric cylinder and realize precise thrust control; the utility model solves the problem that the low temperature environment in cold areas cannot be simulated during conventional shear tests, and provides a condition as close to low temperature as possible for the shear test of ice-containing fractured rock mass, and provides important tools and test environment for the study of the characteristics of ice-containing fractured rock mass under external forces.

[0027] The following will combine Figures 1 to 3 Hereinafter, a schematic force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention will be introduced. Figure 1 A front schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment according to the present utility model is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram from another perspective is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing another perspective of an exemplary embodiment according to the present utility model.

[0028] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the force loading test device suitable for the freeze-thaw chamber may include a base plate 2 and a lower shear box 1-2 installed on the base plate 2, and an upper shear box 1-1 located on the lower shear box 1-2. In one embodiment, the lower shear box 1-2 and the upper shear box 1-1 are both shear boxes of a cube structure or a rectangular structure. Before the force loading test begins, the upper shear box 1-1 and the lower shear box 1-2 can together receive the fractured rock mass to be subjected to the force loading test.

[0029] In one embodiment, a bottom plate fixing bolt 3 is connected between the lower shear box 1-2 and the bottom plate 2. That is, the fixing bolt 3 fixes the lower shear box 1-2 on the bottom plate 2, and four sets of pads 4 arranged diagonally are fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom plate 2. Although the pads 4 are shown as square structures, they can also be any other suitable structures, such as circular, elliptical, or cylindrical, etc., as long as they can better adapt to the freeze-thaw box, and the utility model does not limit this.

[0030] In one embodiment, continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3, the upper shear box 1-1 is located above the lower shear box 1-2, and the two are arranged relative to each other up and down and can move or slide relative to each other. In this way, the upper shear box 1-1 and the lower shear box 1-2 move relative to each other to generate shear stress on the fractured rock mass. In one embodiment, a servo electric cylinder 14 installed on the bottom plate 2 is provided on one side of the upper shear box 1-1 and the lower shear box 1-2.

[0031] In one embodiment, the servo electric cylinder 14 can be controlled by a closed-loop servo with a control accuracy of 0.01mm. The servo electric cylinder 14 can use a precision servo point just past, which can precisely control the thrust, and add a pressure sensor, with a control accuracy of up to 1%. In addition, the servo electric cylinder 14 is easily connected to a control system such as a PLC to achieve high-precision motion control. In addition, the servo electric cylinder 14 has low noise, energy saving, cleanness, high rigidity, impact resistance, ultra-long life, simple operation and maintenance, and can significantly increase the life of the force loading test device. In addition, the servo electric cylinder 14 can be trouble-free in harsh environments, has a high level of protection, can not only work for a long time, but also has the characteristics of high strength, high speed, high-precision positioning, smooth movement and low noise. In one embodiment, the servo electric cylinder 14 is connected to an air hole 11, and the air hole 11 is used to exhaust gas from the force loading test device.

[0032] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a servo motor 13 is provided on one side of the servo electric cylinder 14. The servo motor 13 and the servo electric cylinder 14 are electrically connected to control the output end of the servo electric cylinder 14 to push. By controlling the rotation speed of the servo motor 13, the thrust of the output end of the servo electric cylinder 14 is controlled, and the rotational motion of the servo motor 13 is converted into linear motion. In one embodiment, the servo motor 13 can control the speed, and the position accuracy is very accurate. The voltage signal can be converted into torque and speed to drive the control object. The rotor speed of the servo motor 13 is controlled by the input signal and can respond quickly. In the automatic control system, it is used as an actuator and has the characteristics of small electromechanical time constant and high linearity. The received electrical signal can be converted into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft. In this way, the servo electric cylinder 14 can generate power under the drive of the servo motor 13 to drive the servo electric cylinder 14 to work, and the servo electric cylinder 14 generates thrust to push the upper shear box 1-1 to move and generate shear stress.

[0033] In one embodiment, a fixing block 10 is also installed on the top of the base plate 2, and the servo motor 13 and the servo electric cylinder 14 are fixed to the fixing block 10 together, that is, one end of the servo motor 13 and the servo electric cylinder 14 is assembled and connected to the fixing block 10 by bolts, so as to support and install the servo motor 13 and the servo electric cylinder 14. Figures 1 to 3As shown, the output end of the servo electric cylinder 14 is connected to the push rod 7. The pad 12 can be an "L"-shaped plate, and a through hole for the push rod 7 to pass through can be opened on the pad 12. A pad fixing bolt 15 is connected between the pad 12 and the outer wall of the servo electric cylinder 14, and the pad 12 and one side of the servo electric cylinder 14 are assembled by the pad fixing bolt 15. In one embodiment, the outer ring of the push rod 7 is sleeved with a connector 6, and a force sensor 8 is installed on one side of the connector 6. The force sensor 8 is located on one side of the upper shear box 1-1. The force sensor 8 is a device that converts the magnitude of force into a related electrical signal, and can detect mechanical quantities such as tension, pulling force, pressure, weight, torque, internal stress and strain. In some embodiments, the force sensor 8 can be a metal strain gauge, a pressure sensor, etc., and the utility model does not limit this.

[0034] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the upper shear box 1-1 is connected to a slider 5 on one side close to the servo electric cylinder 14, and a pad 12 is also installed on one side of the servo electric cylinder 14. A guide rail 9 is provided on the pad 12, and the slider 5 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 9. The guide rail 9 can be grooved or installed on the pad 12 as a separate component. The slider 5 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 9. In one embodiment, a lubricant is provided between the slider 5 and the guide rail 9, so as to reduce the friction force that the slider 5 has to overcome when sliding on the guide rail 9.

[0035] In this embodiment, the servo electric cylinder 14 is started by controlling the operation of the servo motor 13, so that the output end of the servo electric cylinder 14 pushes the push rod 7, and the push of the push rod 7 pushes the connecting piece 6 and the force sensor 8, so that the force sensor 8 pushes the upper shear box 1-1, and while the upper shear box 1-1 is pushed, the slider 5 is guided to slide along the guide rail 9 on one side of the pad 12, so that the upper shear box 1-1 moves relative to the lower shear box 1-2, so that the upper shear box 1-1 and the lower shear box 1-2 generate shear stress on the fractured rock mass while moving relative to each other, and force loading is realized. When the test object is tested in combination with the freeze-thaw box, the actual low temperature of the freeze-thaw box can be adjusted according to the test requirements. The servo electric cylinder 14 converts the rotational motion of the servo motor 13 into linear motion, and at the same time converts the best advantages of the servo motor 13 - precise speed control, precise number of revolutions control, and precise torque control - into precise speed control, precise position control, and precise thrust control.

[0036] In summary, the utility model can meet the test conditions of low-temperature ice-containing fissured rock mass tests by setting it up and using it in combination with a freeze-thaw chamber, and provides important tools and test conditions for studying the characteristics of ice-containing fissured rock mass under external forces. The utility model also converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into linear motion, and at the same time, combined with the characteristics of the precise speed control of the servo motor, the precise torque control is converted into precise speed control, and the rotation of the servo motor is converted into the push of the servo electric cylinder. The push position of the servo electric cylinder can be controlled to achieve precise thrust control. The utility model solves the problem that the low-temperature environment in cold areas cannot be simulated during conventional shear tests, and provides a condition that is as close to low temperature as possible for the shear test of ice-containing fissured rock mass, and provides important tools and test environments for studying the characteristics of ice-containing fissured rock mass under external forces.

[0037] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of a separate embodiment may also be implemented in a single implementation in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber, characterized in that: include: Bottom plate (2); A lower shear box (1-2) is arranged on the bottom plate (2); An upper shear box (1-1) is arranged on the lower shear box (1-2) and, together with the lower shear box (1-2), receives a fractured rock mass to be subjected to a force loading test; A servo electric cylinder (14) is located on one side of the upper shear box (1-1) and the lower shear box (1-2) and is installed on the bottom plate (2); an output end of the servo electric cylinder (14) is connected to a push rod (7); an outer ring of the push rod (7) is sleeved with a connecting piece (6); a force sensor (8) is installed on one side of the connecting piece (6); the force sensor (8) is located on one side of the upper shear box (1-1) and is configured to transmit the force of the connecting piece (6) and the push rod (7) to the upper shear box (1-1), thereby causing the upper shear box (1-1) to move relative to the lower shear box (1-2); as well as A servo motor (13) is arranged on one side of the servo electric cylinder (14) and is configured to generate power to drive the servo electric cylinder (14) to work, and wherein the servo motor (13) is electrically connected to the servo electric cylinder (14) to control the movement of the output end of the servo electric cylinder (14).

2. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slider (5) is connected to the side of the upper shear box (1-1) close to the servo electric cylinder (14), and a pad (12) is also installed on one side of the servo electric cylinder (14). A guide rail (9) is provided on the pad (12), and the slider (5) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (9).

3. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper shear box (1-1) is connected to the slider (5) and is capable of relative movement with the lower shear box (1-2).

4. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force loading test device further comprises a fixing block (10), and one end of the servo motor (13) and the servo electric cylinder (14) are both fixed to the fixing block (10).

5. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The backing plate (12) is provided with a through hole for the push rod (7) to pass through, and a backing plate fixing bolt (15) is connected between the backing plate (12) and the outer wall of the servo electric cylinder (14).

6. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower shear box (1-2) is fixed to the bottom plate (2) via bottom plate fixing bolts (3).

7. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo electric cylinder (14) is connected to an air hole (11).

8. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four groups of cushion blocks (4) arranged diagonally are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate (2).

9. The force loading test device adapted for a freeze-thaw chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pad (12) is in an "L" shape.

Images