Main transmission mechanism of machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a machine tool main transmission mechanism and relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools. The device comprises a shell and a driving mechanism arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of one side of the shell, a driving shaft of the driving mechanism penetrates through a bearing on the outer wall of one side of the shell and is connected with a driving seat through a coupler, a transmission seat is arranged on the other side in the shell, a connecting seat is arranged in a gap of the inner side of the transmission seat, and a fluted disc is sleeved at the center of the outer wall of a main shaft. A rack is arranged under the fluted disc, a limiting assembly is arranged in the through groove, and the connecting base and the transmission base are in buffering connection through an abutting assembly. By means of the limiting assembly and the abutting assembly, workers can conveniently and rapidly disassemble, assemble and replace the damaged main shaft, time and labor are saved, working efficiency is high, resource waste is reduced, the main shaft, the fluted disc and the rack are utilized, the fluted disc on the outer wall of the main shaft is in direct transmission connection with the rack below the fluted disc, energy loss in the transmission process is reduced, and transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to a main transmission mechanism of a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools are automated machine tools equipped with a program control system. They can better solve the problems of complex, precise, small-batch, and multi-variety parts processing. They are flexible and high-efficiency automated machine tools. Different types of machine tools can also produce and process molds, fixtures, and jigs. During the operation of the machine tool, the main transmission mechanism is used to drive the processing tool to move and process the workpiece.

[0003] After searching, publication number CN219665872U, application date 2022.10.27 discloses a CNC machine tool transmission mechanism, including a spindle housing, a first bevel gear rotatably connected in the spindle housing, the first bevel gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the spindle, an air cylinder is fixedly connected in the spindle housing, a piston is slidably connected in the air cylinder, and a sliding mechanism for sliding the rack is provided in the spindle housing, the sliding mechanism includes a second bevel gear rotatably connected in the spindle housing, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to an incomplete gear through a connecting rod, and the incomplete gear is meshed with the rack.

[0004] However, it still has the following disadvantages in actual use:

[0005] 1. When the transmission mechanism of the CNC machine tool is in use, the spindle is directly connected to the outer drive mechanism and the processing parts. In this way, the staff cannot quickly disassemble and assemble the spindle, which leads to low work efficiency.

[0006] 2. The above-mentioned CNC machine tool transmission mechanism realizes the reciprocating motion of the piston through the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the connecting rod, the gear and other structures when in use. However, this method has many transmission parts, so it will cause energy loss during the transmission process and affect the transmission efficiency. To this end, we provide a machine tool main transmission mechanism to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a main transmission mechanism for a machine tool, which is convenient for workers to quickly disassemble and replace a damaged spindle by setting a limit component and a tightening component, saving time and effort, improving work efficiency, and reducing waste of resources. The main shaft, the toothed disc and the rack are directly connected through the toothed disc on the outer wall of the main shaft and the rack below, thereby reducing energy loss in the transmission process and improving transmission efficiency.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0009] The utility model is a main transmission mechanism of a machine tool, comprising a housing and a driving mechanism arranged on the outer side of an outer wall of one side thereof, wherein a driving shaft of the driving mechanism penetrates a bearing on the outer wall of one side of the housing and is connected to a driving seat through a coupling, a transmission seat is arranged on the other side of the interior of the housing, a connecting seat is arranged in the inner gap of the transmission seat, a main shaft is installed between the opposite end faces of the driving seat and the connecting seat, a through groove is opened on one side of the outer wall of the driving seat, a toothed disc is sleeved at the center position of the outer wall of the main shaft, a rack is arranged directly below the toothed disc, a limiting component is arranged inside the through groove, and a buffer connection is made between the connecting seat and the transmission seat through a tightening component;

[0010] The limiting assembly includes a push plate and a connecting rod fixedly connected to the inner wall thereof at the center position, and the other end of the connecting rod passes through a through hole on the fixing ring and is connected to the moving plate;

[0011] The clamping assembly includes a guide rod and a reset spring sleeved on the outside of its outer wall. One end of the guide rod is fixed to the outside of the inner wall of the transmission seat, and the other end of the guide rod passes through a through hole on one end surface of the connecting seat and is connected to a fixing cap. The reset spring is located between the connecting seat and the transmission seat.

[0012] The utility model is further configured that an axle seat is installed at the center position of the outer wall on the other side of the shell, an air cylinder is installed through the bottom of one side of the front end face of the shell, and slots are provided at the center positions of the opposite end faces of the driving seat and the connecting seat.

[0013] The utility model is further configured such that plug blocks are fixedly connected to the center positions of the end faces on both sides of the main shaft, the plug blocks are located inside adjacent slots, gears are evenly spaced at the top and bottom of the outer wall of the toothed disk, and the outer wall of the toothed disk is meshed with the upper surface of the rack.

[0014] The utility model is further configured such that a limiting hole is provided at the center of the outer wall of the insert block, the outer end of the transmission seat passes through a through hole on the inner wall of the shell and is rotatably connected to the bearing inside the shaft seat, and a tension spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rack.

[0015] The utility model is further configured such that the other end of the tension spring is fixed on the inner wall of the outer shell, the outer end of the rack passes through the through hole on the inner wall of the air cylinder and is connected to the rubber plug, the air outlet at the center position of the front end face of the air cylinder is connected to the injection pipe through a pipe joint, and an air inlet is provided on the outer side of the outer wall of one side of the air cylinder.

[0016] The utility model is further configured that an adjusting spring is sleeved on the outer side of the outer wall of the connecting rod, and the adjusting spring is located between the push plate and the fixing ring.

[0017] The utility model is further configured that the outer wall of the fixing ring is fixed on the inner wall of the through groove, and one side of the inner wall of the movable plate is fixedly connected with a limiting rod.

[0018] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The utility model provides a limit assembly and a tightening assembly, which can drive the limit rod on the movable plate and the inner wall thereof to move under the action of the elastic performance of the adjusting spring, thereby achieving or canceling the limit effect between the limit rod and the upper limit hole of the insert block, and adjusting the distance between the main shaft and the adjacent driving seat and the connecting column under the action of the elastic performance of the reset spring, thereby facilitating the staff to quickly disassemble and replace the damaged main shaft, saving time and labor, improving work efficiency, and reducing resource waste, and solving the problem that the main shaft of the above-mentioned CNC machine tool transmission mechanism is directly connected to the outer driving mechanism and the processing parts when in use, while the staff cannot quickly disassemble and assemble the main shaft in this way, which is better and has low work efficiency.

[0020] 2. The utility model provides a main shaft, a toothed disc and a rack, and directly transmits and connects the toothed disc on the outer wall of the main shaft with the rack below, thereby reducing energy loss in the transmission process and improving transmission efficiency. It solves the problem that the above-mentioned CNC machine tool transmission mechanism realizes the reciprocating motion of the piston through the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the connecting rod, the gear and other structures when in use, and this method has more transmission parts, so it will cause energy loss in the transmission process, affecting the transmission efficiency.

[0021] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the main transmission mechanism of the machine tool.

[0024] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the main transmission mechanism of the machine tool Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the main transmission mechanism of the machine tool Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 4 This is the disassembly diagram of the drive seat, spindle and connecting seat.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the limit assembly.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the tightening component.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0030] 1-housing, 101-shaft seat, 102-driving mechanism, 103-driving seat, 103a-slot, 103b-through slot, 104-spindle, 104a-toothed disc, 104b-insert block, 104c-limiting hole, 105-connecting seat, 106-transmission seat, 107-rack, 107a-tension spring, 107b-rubber plug, 108-air cylinder, 108a-injection tube, 2-limiting assembly, 201-push plate, 202-connecting rod, 203-adjusting spring, 204-fixing ring, 205-moving plate, 206-limiting rod, 3-tightening assembly, 301-guide rod, 302-reset spring, 303-fixing cap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 4 The utility model is a main transmission mechanism of a machine tool, comprising a housing 1 and a driving mechanism 102 arranged on the outer side of an outer wall of one side thereof, a driving shaft of the driving mechanism 102 passes through a bearing on the outer wall of one side of the housing 1 and is connected to a driving seat 103 through a coupling, a transmission seat 106 is arranged on the other side of the interior of the housing 1, a connecting seat 105 is arranged in the inner gap of the transmission seat 106, a main shaft 104 is installed between the opposite end surfaces of the driving seat 103 and the connecting seat 105, a through groove 103b is opened on one side of the outer wall of the driving seat 103, a toothed disc 104a is sleeved at the center of the outer wall of the main shaft 104, and a rack 107 is arranged directly below the toothed disc 104a.

[0034] Specifically, a shaft seat 101 is installed at the center position of the outer wall of the other side of the shell 1, a gas cylinder 108 is installed through the bottom of one side of the front end face of the shell 1, a slot 103a is provided at the center position of the opposite end faces of the drive seat 103 and the connecting seat 105, and plug blocks 104b are fixedly connected to the center positions of the end faces of both sides of the main shaft 104, and the plug blocks 104b are located inside the adjacent slots 103a, and gears are evenly spaced at the top and bottom of the outer wall of the toothed disc 104a, and the outer wall of the toothed disc 104a is meshed with the upper surface of the rack 107, and the plug blocks 104b are fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjacent slots 103a. A limiting hole 104c is provided at the center position of the outer wall, the outer end of the transmission seat 106 passes through the through hole on the inner wall of the shell 1 and is rotatably connected to the bearing inside the shaft seat 101, the inner side wall of the rack 107 is fixedly connected with a tension spring 107a, the other end of the tension spring 107a is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 1, the outer end of the rack 107 passes through the through hole on the inner side wall of the air cylinder 108 and is connected with a rubber plug 107b, the air outlet at the center position of the front end face of the air cylinder 108 is connected to the injection pipe 108a through a pipe joint, and an air inlet is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of one side of the air cylinder 108.

[0035] Furthermore, the driving mechanism 102 is a prior art, so it will not be described in detail here. The operation of the driving mechanism 102 can drive the driving seat 103 to move, and then under the action of the main shaft 104, the transmission seat 106, the connecting seat 105 and the processing tools at the outer end thereof are rotated, and the gear on the outer wall of the toothed disk 104a is meshed with the gear on the surface of the rack 107 below to play a transmission role. The plug 104b can be inserted into the slot 103a to achieve docking installation. Under the elastic performance of the tension spring 107a, the rack 107 can be pulled to reciprocate, and the movement of the rack 107 pushes the rubber plug 107b to squeeze the air in the air cylinder 108.

[0036] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: the driving mechanism 102 drives the driving seat 103 to rotate. Since the driving seat 103 and the connecting seat 105 are connected by the main shaft 104, when the driving seat 103 rotates, the connecting seat 105 is driven to rotate under the action of the main shaft 104, and the outer end of the processing tool head is driven to rotate through the transmission seat 106, so that the workpiece on the machine tool can be processed. During the rotation of the main shaft 104, the toothed disc 104a in the middle section of its outer wall is driven to rotate, wherein the outer wall top and bottom of the toothed disc 104a are evenly spaced and provided with gears, and The gear is meshed with the gear on the upper surface of the rack 107 below, so when the gear rotates, it will drive the rack 107 to move outward at even intervals. The movement of the rack 107 will pull the tension spring 107a and push the rubber plug 107b inside the air cylinder 108, thereby squeezing the air inside the air cylinder 108, and then the waste chips are blown out by the jet pipe 108a, which protects the main shaft 104. The toothed disc 104a on the outer wall of the main shaft 104 is directly connected to the rack 107 below, which reduces the energy loss in the transmission process and improves the transmission efficiency.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 On the basis of the first embodiment, what is different from the first embodiment is that: a limit assembly 2 and a clamping assembly 3 are provided, the limit assembly 2 includes a push plate 201 and a connecting rod 202 fixedly connected to its inner wall at the center position, the other end of the connecting rod 202 passes through the through hole on the fixed ring 204 and is connected to the movable plate 205; the clamping assembly 3 includes a guide rod 301 and a return spring 302 sleeved on the outside of its outer wall, which solves the problem that the spindle of the existing CNC machine tool transmission mechanism is directly connected to the outer drive mechanism and the processing parts when in use, and the staff cannot quickly disassemble and assemble the spindle in this way, which is better and has low work efficiency.

[0039] Specifically, an adjusting spring 203 is sleeved on the outer side of the outer wall of the connecting rod 202, and the adjusting spring 203 is located between the push plate 201 and the fixed ring 204. The outer wall of the fixed ring 204 is fixed on the inner wall of the through groove 103b. One side of the inner wall of the movable plate 205 is fixedly connected to the limiting rod 206. One end of the guide rod 301 is fixed to the outer side of the inner wall of the transmission seat 106. The other end of the guide rod 301 passes through the through hole on the end face of one side of the connecting seat 105 and is connected to the fixing cap 303. The reset spring 302 is located between the connecting seat 105 and the transmission seat 106.

[0040] Furthermore, the push plate 201 and the movable plate 205 are connected by the connecting rod 202, which plays the role of connecting transmission. The movement of the movable plate 205 and the limit rod 206 at its inner end can be adjusted under the action of the elastic performance of the adjusting spring 203. The distance between the connecting seat 105 and the transmission seat 106 can be adjusted under the action of the elastic performance of the reset spring 302, which is convenient for installing and disassembling the main shaft 104. The guide rod 301 can play a guiding role. A telescopic rod is arranged at the center between the connecting seat 105 and the transmission seat 106 to play the role of auxiliary movement.

[0041] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: when the spindle 104 is damaged and needs to be disassembled, the push plate 201 is first pushed inward. The inner wall of the push plate 201 is connected to the movable plate 205 through the connecting rod 202. Therefore, when the push plate 201 is subjected to force, the movable plate 205 is driven to move under the action of the connecting rod 202 and squeeze the adjustment spring 203. The movement of the movable plate 205 drives the outer limiting rod 206 to move out of the limiting hole 104c on the insert block 104b, canceling the limiting effect. Then, the spindle 104 is pushed inward, and the spindle 104 is The movement of 104 will push the connecting seat 105 inward and squeeze the return spring 302 under the guidance of the guide rod 301. At this time, the plug block 104b at the outer end of the main shaft 104 can be moved out of the slot 103a, and then the other end of the main shaft 104 can be moved out of the slot 103a on the connecting seat 105. The disassembly of the main shaft 104 is completed. The same is true for installation, which makes it easy for the staff to quickly disassemble and assemble the main shaft 104, and better damage the main shaft 104, saving time and effort, high work efficiency, convenient maintenance for the staff, and reducing resource waste.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are only used to help explain the utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the utility model, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can well understand and use the utility model. The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A main transmission mechanism of a machine tool, comprising a housing (1) and a driving mechanism (102) arranged on the outer side of an outer wall of one side thereof, wherein a driving shaft of the driving mechanism (102) penetrates a bearing on the outer wall of one side of the housing (1) and is connected to a driving seat (103) through a coupling, a transmission seat (106) is arranged on the other side of the interior of the housing (1), a connecting seat (105) is arranged in the inner gap of the transmission seat (106), a main shaft (104) is installed between the opposite end surfaces of the driving seat (103) and the connecting seat (105), a through groove (103b) is opened on one side of the outer wall of the driving seat (103), and the characteristics are: A toothed disc (104a) is sleeved at the center of the outer wall of the main shaft (104), a rack (107) is arranged directly below the toothed disc (104a), a limit assembly (2) is arranged inside the through slot (103b), and the connecting seat (105) and the transmission seat (106) are buffer-connected via a tightening assembly (3); The limiting assembly (2) comprises a push plate (201) and a connecting rod (202) fixedly connected to the inner wall thereof at a central position, and the other end of the connecting rod (202) passes through a through hole on a fixing ring (204) and is connected to a movable plate (205); The clamping assembly (3) comprises a guide rod (301) and a return spring (302) sleeved on the outer side of the outer wall of the guide rod (301); one end of the guide rod (301) is fixed to the outer side of the inner wall of the transmission seat (106); the other end of the guide rod (301) passes through a through hole on one end surface of the connecting seat (105) and is connected to a fixing cap (303); the return spring (302) is located between the connecting seat (105) and the transmission seat (106).

2. The main transmission mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axle seat (101) is installed at the center position of the outer wall on the other side of the shell (1), an air cylinder (108) is installed through the bottom of one side of the front end face of the shell (1), and slots (103a) are provided at the center positions of the opposite end faces of the drive seat (103) and the connection seat (105).

3. The main transmission mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Insert blocks (104b) are fixedly connected to the center positions of the end faces on both sides of the main shaft (104), and the insert blocks (104b) are located inside the adjacent slots (103a). Gears are evenly spaced at the top and bottom of the outer wall of the toothed disc (104a), and the outer wall of the toothed disc (104a) is meshed with the upper surface of the rack (107).

4. The main transmission mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting hole (104c) is provided at the center of the outer wall of the insert block (104b); the outer end of the transmission seat (106) passes through a through hole on the inner wall of the housing (1) and is rotatably connected to a bearing inside the shaft seat (101); and a tension spring (107a) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rack (107).

5. The main transmission mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the tension spring (107a) is fixed on the inner wall of the outer shell (1), the outer end of the rack (107) passes through the through hole on the inner wall of the air cylinder (108) and is connected to the rubber plug (107b), the air outlet at the center of the front end face of the air cylinder (108) is connected to the injection pipe (108a) through a pipe joint, and an air inlet is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of one side of the air cylinder (108).

6. The main transmission mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustment spring (203) is sleeved on the outer side of the outer wall of the connecting rod (202), and the adjustment spring (203) is located between the push plate (201) and the fixing ring (204).

7. The main transmission mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixing ring (204) is fixed to the inner wall of the through groove (103b), and one side of the inner wall of the movable plate (205) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (206).

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