Photovoltaic module initial assembly and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic assembly initial assembly and a photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic module initial combination body comprises a first transparent cover plate, a second transparent cover plate, a hot melting sealing medium and a photovoltaic cell, and the first transparent cover plate is provided with a first sealing groove which is adjacent to the edge of the first transparent cover plate and is arranged in a surrounding manner; the second transparent cover plate is provided with a second sealing groove which is adjacent to the edge of the second transparent cover plate in a surrounding mode. The second sealing groove corresponds to the first sealing groove in position and forms a first containing cavity together with the first sealing groove. The hot melting sealing medium is configured to be heated to melt, fill the first accommodating cavity and bond the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate to jointly form a second accommodating cavity in the hot pressing process; and the photovoltaic battery piece is arranged in the second accommodating cavity. The initial assembly of the photovoltaic module can improve the packaging uniformity of the obtained photovoltaic module, reduce residual bubbles in the module, reduce the hidden crack risk of a photovoltaic cell, and improve the packaging yield and the aesthetic degree of the module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic components, in particular to an initial assembly of photovoltaic components and a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, solar power generation has become one of the most promising renewable energy sources. For a long time, photovoltaic power generation systems have been dominated by large-scale centralized ground-based photovoltaic systems, which require valuable land resources. Therefore, surface photovoltaic power generation systems have begun to gain popularity. Compared with ground-based photovoltaic power generation systems, surface photovoltaic power generation systems can save a lot of land resources, and have a shorter installation and construction period and lower construction costs. However, considering the operating environment of surface photovoltaic power generation systems, they have more stringent requirements for the waterproof sealing performance of photovoltaic modules.

[0003] In the prior art, hot-melt sealing media (such as butyl rubber) are commonly used as the sealing layer for photovoltaic modules. However, during the lamination process to prepare photovoltaic modules, the flow direction of the melted butyl rubber is uncontrolled, easily flowing into the module and hindering the discharge of internal bubbles, seriously affecting the uniformity of the package and potentially causing the risk of cracks in the solar cells. Furthermore, the uncontrolled flow of butyl rubber also seriously affects the aesthetics of the resulting photovoltaic module.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a technical solution to improve the problem of uncontrolled flow direction of butyl rubber, so as to effectively improve the packaging yield and aesthetics of photovoltaic modules. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module initial assembly and a photovoltaic module to solve the problem that the hot melt sealing medium of the existing photovoltaic module flows into the internal cavity of the module after being heated during the packaging process, resulting in uneven packaging, and at the same time, there will be risks such as bubbles and hidden cracks, as well as poor appearance of the packaged component.

[0006] On the one hand, the utility model provides an initial assembly of a photovoltaic component, which is used to form a photovoltaic component after performing hot pressing. The initial assembly of the photovoltaic component includes: a first transparent cover plate, a second transparent cover plate, a hot melt sealing medium and a photovoltaic cell; wherein the first transparent cover plate has a first sealing groove arranged around its edge; the second transparent cover plate is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate; the second transparent cover plate has a second sealing groove arranged around its edge, the second sealing groove corresponds to the position of the first sealing groove and together constitutes a first accommodating cavity; the hot melt sealing medium is arranged in the first accommodating cavity; the hot melt sealing medium is configured to: during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic component, it is heated and melted, filled in the first accommodating cavity, and adheres the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate to together constitute a second accommodating cavity; the photovoltaic cell is arranged in the second accommodating cavity.

[0007] In some embodiments, the width of the first sealing groove is 2.2 mm to 15.2 mm; the depth of the first sealing groove is 0.4 mm to 1.4 mm; and the distance between the first sealing groove and the edge of the first transparent cover is 1 mm to 2 mm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the width of the second sealing groove is 2.2 mm to 15.2 mm; the depth of the second sealing groove is 0.4 mm to 1.4 mm; and the distance between the second sealing groove and the edge of the second transparent cover is 1 mm to 2 mm.

[0009] In some embodiments, the width of the hot melt sealing medium includes: 2.0 mm to 15.0 mm; the height of the hot melt sealing medium includes: 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module initial assembly further includes: an encapsulation film disposed between the first transparent cover and the photovoltaic cell; and between the second transparent cover and the photovoltaic cell; the encapsulation film is configured to melt and fill the second accommodating cavity during the thermal compression bonding process of the photovoltaic module initial assembly;

[0011] Correspondingly, the hot-melt sealing medium has a plurality of exhaust holes running through it in the width direction; the exhaust holes are configured to discharge excess gas and excess molten packaging film in the second accommodating cavity during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module; wherein the melting point temperature of the hot-melt sealing medium is greater than the melting point temperature of the packaging film.

[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter of the exhaust hole ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate further has a plurality of first overflow grooves; the first overflow grooves are connected from the edge of the first transparent cover plate to the first sealing groove; the first overflow grooves are configured to discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium in the first accommodating cavity during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic component.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second transparent cover plate further has a plurality of second overflow grooves; the second overflow grooves are connected from the edge of the second transparent cover plate to the second sealing groove; the second overflow grooves are configured to discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium in the first accommodating cavity during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic component.

[0015] In some embodiments, the hot melt sealing medium includes at least one of butyl sealant, organic silicone sealant and epoxy resin sealant.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate or the second transparent cover plate is further provided with lead-out wire holes.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, which is obtained by hot pressing the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module provided in some of the aforementioned embodiments; the photovoltaic module includes: a first transparent cover plate, a second transparent cover plate, a sealant layer, a photovoltaic cell and an encapsulation layer; wherein the first transparent cover plate has a first sealing groove arranged around its edge; the second transparent cover plate is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate; the second transparent cover plate has a second sealing groove arranged around its edge, the second sealing groove corresponds to the position of the first sealing groove and together constitutes a first accommodating cavity; the sealant layer is filled in the first accommodating cavity and bonds the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate; the sealant layer, the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate together constitute a second accommodating cavity; the sealant layer is formed by a hot-melt sealing medium; the photovoltaic cell is arranged in the second accommodating cavity; the encapsulation layer is filled between the photovoltaic cell and the first transparent cover plate, and between the photovoltaic cell and the second transparent cover plate; the encapsulation layer is formed by an encapsulation film.

[0018] The technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The initial assembly of the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention is provided with a first sealing groove around the circumference of the first transparent cover plate and a second sealing groove around the circumference of the second transparent cover plate, so that the two together constitute a first accommodating cavity, and a hot-melt sealing medium is provided in the first accommodating cavity. During the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module, the hot-melt sealing medium is melted by heat and filled in the first accommodating cavity, and the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate are bonded to form a second accommodating cavity together. In this way, during the hot pressing process, the flow and filling area of the molten hot-melt sealing medium is limited by the first accommodating cavity, so that the hot-melt sealing medium is prevented from flowing into the internal cavity (such as the second accommodating cavity) after being heated, thereby improving the filling uniformity of the hot-melt sealing medium and preventing the generation of bubble aggregation in the second accommodating cavity, thereby reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic cell and improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0020] (2) The initial assembly of the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes penetrating the hot melt sealing medium in the width direction thereof, and the hot melt sealing medium is provided in the first accommodating cavity formed by the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove, so that the extension direction of the exhaust holes is perpendicular to the depth direction of the first accommodating cavity. During the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module, the excess gas and excess molten packaging film in the second accommodating cavity are discharged through the exhaust holes, further reducing the risk of bubble accumulation inside the module, and at the same time allowing the excess packaging film to flow out of the second accommodating cavity after melting, thereby further improving the packaging uniformity of the photovoltaic module and reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic cell.

[0021] (3) The initial assembly of photovoltaic modules provided by the present invention is facilitated by arranging a plurality of first overflow grooves on the first transparent cover plate and a plurality of second overflow grooves on the second transparent cover plate during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of photovoltaic modules. The first overflow grooves and / or the second overflow grooves are used to discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium in the first accommodating cavity, thereby further preventing the hot-melt sealing medium from flowing into the interior of the module (such as the second accommodating cavity) during the lamination process, thereby improving the packaging uniformity of the photovoltaic module, reducing the risk of bubbles and hidden cracks in the module, and improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an initial assembly of photovoltaic modules provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the initial photovoltaic assembly along the AA direction is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a first transparent cover provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the first transparent cover along direction BB is shown;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a hot-melt sealing medium provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the hot melt sealing medium along the CC direction is shown;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another initial assembly of photovoltaic modules provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the initial photovoltaic module assembly along the DD direction is shown;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic module along the EE direction.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 100 - first transparent cover plate; 200 - second transparent cover plate; 300 - hot-melt sealing medium; 400 - photovoltaic cell; 500 - encapsulation film; 600 - sealing adhesive layer; 700 - encapsulation adhesive layer; 101 - first sealing groove; 102 - first overflow groove; 201 - second sealing groove; 202 - second overflow groove; 301 - exhaust hole; A1 - first accommodating cavity; A2 - second accommodating cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to solve the problem that the hot-melt sealing medium of the existing photovoltaic components flows into the internal cavity after being heated during the packaging process, resulting in uneven packaging, and at the same time, there are risks such as bubbles and hidden cracks in the photovoltaic cells, as well as poor appearance of the packaged components, the utility model provides an initial assembly of photovoltaic components, which is used to form a photovoltaic component after performing hot pressing. The initial assembly of photovoltaic components includes: a first transparent cover plate, a second transparent cover plate, a hot-melt sealing medium and a photovoltaic cell; wherein the first transparent cover plate has a first sealing groove arranged around its edge; the second transparent cover plate is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate; the second transparent cover plate has a second sealing groove arranged around its edge, the second sealing groove corresponds to the position of the first sealing groove and together constitutes a first accommodating cavity; the hot-melt sealing medium is arranged in the first accommodating cavity; the hot-melt sealing medium is configured to: during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic component, it is heated and melted, filled in the first accommodating cavity, and adhered to the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate to together constitute a second accommodating cavity; the photovoltaic cell is arranged in the second accommodating cavity.

[0036] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, which is obtained by hot pressing the above-mentioned initial assembly of the photovoltaic module; the photovoltaic module comprises: a first transparent cover plate, a second transparent cover plate, a sealing glue layer, a photovoltaic cell and an encapsulation glue layer; wherein, the first transparent cover plate has a first sealing groove arranged around its edge; the second transparent cover plate is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate; the second transparent cover plate has a second sealing groove arranged around its edge, the second sealing groove corresponds to the position of the first sealing groove and together constitutes a first accommodating cavity; the sealing glue layer is filled in the first accommodating cavity and adheres the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate; the sealing glue layer, the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate together constitute a second accommodating cavity; the sealing glue layer is formed by a hot-melt sealing medium; the photovoltaic cell is arranged in the second accommodating cavity; the encapsulation glue layer is filled between the photovoltaic cell and the first transparent cover plate, and between the photovoltaic cell and the first transparent cover plate; the sealing glue layer is formed by an encapsulation glue film.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 4It is understood that this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module initial assembly for forming a photovoltaic module after performing hot pressing. The photovoltaic module initial assembly includes: a first transparent cover plate 100, a second transparent cover plate 200, a hot melt sealing medium 300 and a photovoltaic cell 400; wherein the first transparent cover plate 100 has a first sealing groove 101 arranged adjacent to its edge; the second transparent cover plate 200 is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate 100; the second transparent cover plate 200 has a second sealing groove arranged adjacent to its edge 201, the second sealing groove 201 corresponds to the position of the first sealing groove 101 and together constitutes a first accommodating cavity A1; the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is arranged in the first accommodating cavity A1; the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is configured to: during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module, it is melted by heat, filled in the first accommodating cavity A1, and adheres the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200 to jointly constitute a second accommodating cavity A2; the photovoltaic cell 400 is arranged in the second accommodating cavity A2.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate 100 includes: one of: tempered glass, organic glass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) board, PC (polycarbonate) board, and PI (polyimide) board.

[0041] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the first transparent cover 100 includes a square, a rectangle, or a rounded rectangle.

[0042] In some embodiments, the second transparent cover plate 200 includes: one of: tempered glass, organic glass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) board, PC (polycarbonate) board, and PI (polyimide) board.

[0043] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the second transparent cover plate 200 includes a square, a rectangle, or a rounded rectangle.

[0044] Please continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 It is understood that in some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate 100 is surrounded by a first sealing groove 101 adjacent to its edge area. The first sealing groove 101 can be formed based on the first transparent cover plate 100 being grooved, or can also be formed based on the same transparent cover plate being spliced, and this application does not limit this.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second transparent cover plate 200 is surrounded by a second sealing groove 201 adjacent to its edge region. The layout and formation method of the second sealing groove 201 can be obtained by referring to the first sealing groove 101 described above and will not be repeated here.

[0046] Please continue reading Figure 2It is understood that in some embodiments, the second transparent cover plate 200 is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate 100, that is, the openings of the first sealing groove 101 correspond to the openings of the second sealing groove 201. In this way, the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201 together form a first accommodating cavity A1, which facilitates the placement of the hot-melt sealing medium 300.

[0047] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell includes: a PERC cell, an HJT cell, a TOPCon cell, a BC cell, or a perovskite tandem cell.

[0048] In the above embodiment, a first sealing groove 101 surrounding the circumference of the first transparent cover plate 100 and a second sealing groove 201 surrounding the circumference of the second transparent cover plate 200 are provided, so that the two together constitute a first accommodating cavity A1, and a hot-melt sealing medium 300 is provided in the first accommodating cavity A1. During the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is melted by heat and filled in the first accommodating cavity A1, and the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200 are bonded to each other to jointly constitute the second accommodating cavity A2. In this way, during the hot pressing process, the flow and filling area of the molten hot melt sealing medium 300 is limited by the first accommodating cavity A1, thereby preventing the hot melt sealing medium 300 from flowing into the internal cavity (such as the second accommodating cavity A2) after being heated, thereby improving the filling uniformity of the hot melt sealing medium 300 and avoiding the accumulation of bubbles in the second accommodating cavity A2, thereby reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic cell and improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0049] Please continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the width W1 of the first sealing groove 101 ranges from 2.2 mm to 15.2 mm, for example, 2.2 mm, 5.8 mm, 10.9 mm, or 15.2 mm.

[0050] In some embodiments, the depth H1 of the first sealing groove 101 ranges from 0.4 mm to 1.4 mm, for example, 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.1 mm, or 1.4 mm.

[0051] In some embodiments, the distance L1 between the first sealing groove 101 and the edge of the first transparent cover plate 100 is 1 mm to 2 mm, for example, 1 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.8 mm, or 2 mm.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the first sealing groove 101 includes: semicircular or square.

[0053] Correspondingly, the relevant size and shape of the second sealing groove 201 can be consistent with those of the first sealing groove 101 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the width of the second sealing groove 201 ranges from 2.2 mm to 15.2 mm, for example, 2.2 mm, 5.8 mm, 10.9 mm, or 15.2 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the depth of the second sealing groove 201 ranges from 0.4 mm to 1.4 mm, for example, 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.1 mm, or 1.4 mm.

[0056] In some embodiments, the distance between the second sealing groove 201 and the edge of the second transparent cover plate 200 is 1 mm to 2 mm, for example, 1 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.8 mm or 2 mm.

[0057] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the second sealing groove 201 includes: semicircular or square.

[0058] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is understood that in some embodiments, the width of the hot melt sealing medium 300 includes: 2.0 mm to 15.0 mm, such as 2.0 mm, 8.0 mm, 12.5 mm, and 15.0 mm;

[0059] In some embodiments, the thickness H2 of the hot melt sealing medium 300 ranges from 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm, for example, 1.0 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.5 mm, or 3.0 mm.

[0060] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is understood that in some embodiments, the initial photovoltaic module assembly further includes: an encapsulation film 500, which is disposed between the first transparent cover 100 and the photovoltaic cell 400; and between the second transparent cover 200 and the photovoltaic cell 400; the encapsulation film 500 is configured to: melt under heat during the thermal compression bonding process of the initial photovoltaic module assembly and fill the second accommodating cavity A2;

[0061] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is understood that the hot melt sealing medium 300 has a plurality of exhaust holes 301 running through it in the width direction; the exhaust holes 301 are configured to discharge excess gas and excess molten packaging film 500 in the second accommodating cavity A2 during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module; wherein the melting point temperature of the hot melt sealing medium 300 is greater than the melting point temperature of the packaging film 500.

[0062] Here, by setting the relative melting point temperatures of the hot-melt sealing medium 300 and the packaging film 500, for example, setting the melting point temperature of the hot-melt sealing medium 300 to be greater than the melting point temperature of the packaging film 500, during the hot pressing process, the packaging film 500 begins to melt first and fills the second accommodating cavity A2, and allows the excess air and excess molten packaging film 500 in the second accommodating cavity A2 to overflow outward through the exhaust holes 301 on the hot-melt sealing medium 300, thereby further improving the filling uniformity in the second accommodating cavity A2 and avoiding the accumulation of bubbles. As the hot pressing process proceeds, the temperature gradually rises to the melting point range of the hot-melt sealing medium 300. At this time, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 begins to melt and fill the first accommodating cavity A1, and gradually closes the exhaust holes 301 under pressure, bonding the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200, thereby achieving effective sealing of the second accommodating cavity A2.

[0063] In some embodiments, the hot melt sealing medium 300 includes at least one of butyl sealant, organic silicone sealant, and epoxy resin sealant.

[0064] In some embodiments, the packaging film 500 includes at least one of an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) film, a POE (polyolefin) film, or a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film.

[0065] In some embodiments, the diameter of the exhaust hole 301 ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.1 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0066] In some embodiments, the number of the exhaust holes 301 ranges from 1 to 200, such as 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150, or 200.

[0067] In the above embodiment, by providing a plurality of exhaust holes 301 extending through the hot-melt sealing medium 300 in the width direction thereof, and disposing the hot-melt sealing medium 300 in the first accommodating cavity A1 formed by the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201, with the exhaust holes 301 extending perpendicularly to the depth direction of the first accommodating cavity A1, during the hot pressing process of the initial photovoltaic module assembly, excess gas and excess molten encapsulating film 500 within the second accommodating cavity A2 are exhausted through the exhaust holes 301, further reducing the risk of bubble accumulation within the module and allowing the excess encapsulating film 500 to flow out of the second accommodating cavity A1 after melting, thereby further improving the packaging uniformity of the photovoltaic module and reducing the risk of hidden cracks in the photovoltaic cell 400.

[0068] It is worth noting that in the above embodiment, the specific sizes and shapes of the hot melt sealing medium 300, the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201 need to be matched.

[0069] In some embodiments, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is simultaneously disposed in the first sealing groove 101 of the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second sealing groove 201 of the second transparent cover plate 200. When the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200 are initially combined, the second sealing groove 201 corresponds to the position of the first sealing groove 101 and together constitutes a first accommodating cavity A1. At this time, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is located in the first accommodating cavity A1, and the thickness H2 of the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is greater than the sum of the depths of the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201.

[0070] During the thermal compression process, the first stage is the vacuum heating stage. Since the melting point of the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is set to be higher than the melting point of the encapsulating film 500, the encapsulating film 500 begins to melt first, and the excess molten encapsulating film 500 overflows outward through the vent holes 301, stopping at the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201, thereby allowing the excess encapsulating film 500 to overflow into the first accommodating cavity A1. During this process, the excess air in the second accommodating cavity A2 is also extracted through the vent holes 301. By reserving an overflow path for the encapsulating film 500, this embodiment ensures that the encapsulating film 500 fully and evenly encapsulates the second accommodating cavity A2, thereby solving the problem of bubble accumulation and poor filling uniformity in the component in the related art. Subsequently, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 begins to melt and gradually closes the vent holes 301, allowing the first accommodating cavity A1 to still accommodate the molten hot-melt sealing medium 300.

[0071] The second stage is the pressurization stage, the exhaust hole 301 is completely closed, and the excess molten hot-melt sealing medium 300 overflows outward through the first overflow groove 102 and the second overflow groove 202. During this process, the excess air in the second accommodating cavity is also extracted through the first overflow groove 102 and the second overflow groove 202, so that the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is fully filled in the first accommodating cavity and adheres to the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200, thereby achieving effective sealing of the photovoltaic module.

[0072] In other embodiments, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 is adapted to be disposed in the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201, respectively. In a specific implementation, the exhaust holes 301 of the hot-melt sealing medium 300 disposed in the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201 can be semicircular, and the thickness of each hot-melt sealing medium 300 is greater than the depth of the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201. When the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200 are initially assembled, the hot-melt sealing medium 300 disposed in the first sealing groove 101 and the second sealing groove 201 are combined together, wherein the semicircular exhaust holes 301 are merged into a circular hole, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of excess air and excess packaging film 500 within the second accommodating cavity A2.

[0073] Please continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 It is understood that in some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate 100 also has a plurality of first overflow grooves 102; the first overflow grooves 102 are connected from the edge of the first transparent cover plate 100 to the first sealing groove 101; the first overflow grooves 102 are configured to: discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium 300 in the first accommodating cavity A1 during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module.

[0074] It can be understood that this embodiment provides multiple first overflow grooves 102 on the first transparent cover plate 100, so that during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module, the excess gas in the first accommodating cavity A1 and the excess molten hot-melt sealing medium 300 can be discharged with the help of the first overflow grooves 102, thereby further avoiding the hot-melt sealing medium 300 from flowing into the interior of the module (for example, the second accommodating cavity A2) during the lamination process, thereby improving the packaging uniformity of the photovoltaic module, reducing the risk of bubbles and hidden cracks inside the module, and improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0075] Correspondingly, in some embodiments, the second transparent cover plate 200 also has a plurality of second overflow grooves 202; the second overflow grooves 202 are connected from the edge of the second transparent cover plate 200 to the second sealing groove 201; the second overflow grooves 202 are configured to: discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium 300 in the first accommodating cavity A1 during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module.

[0076] In this embodiment, a plurality of second overflow grooves 202 are provided on the second transparent cover plate 200, so that during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module, the excess gas in the first accommodating cavity A1 and the excess molten hot-melt sealing medium 300 can be discharged with the help of the second overflow grooves 202, thereby further preventing the hot-melt sealing medium 300 from flowing into the interior of the module (for example, the second accommodating cavity A2) during the lamination process, thereby improving the packaging uniformity of the photovoltaic module, reducing the risk of bubbles and hidden cracks inside the module, and improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0077] In some embodiments, the number and arrangement positions of the first overflow troughs 102 and the second overflow troughs 202 correspond to each other.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate 100 and / or the second transparent cover plate 200 are further provided with lead wire holes (not shown). In one example, the lead wire holes are provided on one side of the second transparent cover plate 200. The lead wire holes are used to allow lead wires to pass through to connect the internal and external circuits of the photovoltaic module.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] See also Figure 9 and Figure 10 It is understood that the present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, characterized in that the photovoltaic module initial assembly of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is obtained by hot pressing; the photovoltaic module comprises: a first transparent cover plate 100, a second transparent cover plate 200, a sealant layer 600, a photovoltaic cell 400 and an encapsulation layer 700; wherein the first transparent cover plate 100 has a first sealing groove arranged around its edge; the second transparent cover plate 200 is arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate 100; the second transparent cover plate 200 has a second sealing groove arranged around its edge, and the position of the second sealing groove and the first sealing groove is The first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200 are respectively arranged in a first accommodating cavity; the sealing glue layer 600 is filled in the first accommodating cavity and adheres the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200; the sealing glue layer 600, the first transparent cover plate 100 and the second transparent cover plate 200 together constitute a second accommodating cavity; the sealing glue layer 600 is formed by a hot-melt sealing medium; the photovoltaic cell 400 is arranged in the second accommodating cavity; the encapsulation glue layer 700 is filled between the photovoltaic cell 400 and the first transparent cover plate 100, and between the photovoltaic cell 400 and the second transparent cover plate 200; the encapsulation glue layer 700 is formed by an encapsulation glue film.

[0081] The technical advantages possessed by the initial assemblies of the photovoltaic modules in the aforementioned embodiments are also possessed by the photovoltaic modules provided in this embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first transparent cover plate 100 includes: one of: tempered glass, organic glass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) board, PC (polycarbonate) board, and PI (polyimide) board.

[0083] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the first transparent cover 100 includes a square, a rectangle, or a rounded rectangle.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second transparent cover plate 200 includes: one of: tempered glass, organic glass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) board, PC (polycarbonate) board, and PI (polyimide) board.

[0085] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shape of the second transparent cover plate 200 includes a square, a rectangle, or a rounded rectangle.

[0086] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell 400 includes: a PERC cell, an HJT cell, a TOPCon cell, a BC cell, or a perovskite tandem cell.

[0087] In some embodiments, the sealant layer 600 includes at least one of butyl sealant, organic silicone sealant, and epoxy resin sealant.

[0088] In some embodiments, the encapsulation adhesive layer 700 includes at least one of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) adhesive, POE (polyolefin) adhesive, or PVB (polyvinyl butyral) adhesive.

[0089] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module initial assembly, used to form a photovoltaic module after performing thermal compression, characterized in that: include: a first transparent cover plate, wherein the first transparent cover plate has a first sealing groove disposed adjacent to an edge thereof; a second transparent cover plate, arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate; The second transparent cover plate has a second sealing groove arranged around the edge thereof, the second sealing groove corresponds to the first sealing groove and together they form a first accommodating cavity; A hot melt sealing medium is disposed in the first accommodating cavity; the hot melt sealing medium is configured to melt when heated during the thermal compression bonding process of the initial photovoltaic module assembly, fill the first accommodating cavity, and bond the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate to form a second accommodating cavity. The photovoltaic cell is disposed in the second accommodating cavity.

2. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first sealing groove is 2.2 mm to 15.2 mm; the depth of the first sealing groove is 0.4 mm to 1.4 mm; the distance between the first sealing groove and the edge of the first transparent cover is 1 mm to 2 mm; and The width of the second sealing groove is 2.2 mm to 15.2 mm; the depth of the second sealing groove is 0.4 mm to 1.4 mm; and the distance between the second sealing groove and the edge of the second transparent cover plate is 1 mm to 2 mm.

3. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the hot-melt sealing medium includes: 2.0mm~15.0mm; the height of the hot-melt sealing medium includes: 1.0mm~3.0mm.

4. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also includes: An encapsulating film is disposed between the first transparent cover plate and the photovoltaic cell; and between the second transparent cover plate and the photovoltaic cell; the encapsulating film is configured to melt and fill the second accommodating cavity during the thermal compression bonding process of the initial photovoltaic module assembly; Correspondingly, The hot melt sealing medium has a plurality of exhaust holes extending through the hot melt sealing medium in a width direction; the exhaust holes are configured to exhaust excess gas and excess molten packaging film in the second accommodating cavity during the hot pressing process of the initial photovoltaic module assembly; Wherein, the melting point temperature of the hot-melt sealing medium is greater than the melting point temperature of the packaging film.

5. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the exhaust through hole ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first transparent cover plate also has a plurality of first overflow grooves; the first overflow grooves are connected from the edge of the first transparent cover plate to the first sealing groove; the first overflow grooves are configured to discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium in the first accommodating cavity during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module.

7. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second transparent cover plate also has a plurality of second overflow grooves; the second overflow grooves are connected from the edge of the second transparent cover plate to the second sealing groove; the second overflow grooves are configured to discharge excess gas and excess hot-melt sealing medium in the first accommodating cavity during the hot pressing process of the initial assembly of the photovoltaic module.

8. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot melt sealing medium includes at least one of butyl sealant, organic silica gel and epoxy resin glue.

9. The photovoltaic module initial assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent cover plate or the second transparent cover plate is further provided with lead-out wire holes.

10. A photovoltaic module, obtained by hot pressing the photovoltaic module initial assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9; characterized in that: include: a first transparent cover plate, wherein the first transparent cover plate has a first sealing groove disposed adjacent to an edge thereof; a second transparent cover plate, arranged opposite to the first transparent cover plate; The second transparent cover plate has a second sealing groove arranged around the edge thereof, the second sealing groove corresponds to the first sealing groove and together they form a first accommodating cavity; a sealant layer, filling the first accommodating cavity and bonding the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate; the sealant layer, the first transparent cover plate and the second transparent cover plate together constitute a second accommodating cavity; The sealant layer is formed by a hot-melt sealing medium; A photovoltaic cell is disposed in the second accommodating cavity; The encapsulation adhesive layer is filled between the photovoltaic cell and the first transparent cover plate, and between the photovoltaic cell and the second transparent cover plate; the encapsulation adhesive layer is formed by an encapsulation adhesive film.

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