Portable PMU tester
By introducing a heat dissipation mechanism with a cooling fan and a baffle plate, as well as a mounting mechanism with a bidirectional screw and a movable block into the portable PMU tester, the problems of excessive temperature and inconvenient height adjustment are solved, achieving efficient heat dissipation and flexible adjustment, and improving testing accuracy and ease of use.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Portable PMU testers can become overheated during operation due to component heating, affecting testing accuracy, and their height is inconvenient to adjust during use.
A portable PMU tester including a heat dissipation mechanism and a mounting mechanism was designed. The heat dissipation mechanism achieves uniform heat dissipation through a cooling fan and a guide plate, while the mounting mechanism adjusts the height through a bidirectional screw and a movable block.
It effectively solves the problem of excessive temperature, improves detection accuracy, and allows the height of the tester to be adjusted according to needs, thus improving ease of use.
Smart Images

Figure CN224081737U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of testing instrument technology, specifically a portable PMU testing instrument. Background Technology
[0002] Synchronous phasor measurement units (PMUs) are important electrical devices that require regular testing with PMU testers. The core components of a PMU tester are high-power voltage and current sources, which generate significant heat during operation. To achieve effective heat dissipation, this is typically achieved by using larger heat sinks and fans.
[0003] Patent CN218938484U discloses a portable PMU tester. The tester includes a housing with a carrier plate at the bottom and a current processing device on the carrier plate. The housing also contains a mounting bracket, with the current processing device located in the lower part of the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket contains a power amplifier heatsink, on which a power amplifier circuit board and a main control circuit board are sequentially mounted. The housing has ventilation holes directly opposite the power amplifier heatsink. The current processing device includes a first mounting base and a second mounting base. The first mounting base has a power transformer, and the second mounting base has a rectifier circuit board and a filter capacitor.
[0004] Currently, traditional portable PMU testers generate heat from the working components inside the test chamber during operation, causing the temperature inside the test chamber to become too high, which affects the tester's detection accuracy. Furthermore, the height of the tester is not easily adjustable to meet actual needs, making it inconvenient to use. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a portable PMU tester to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the working components inside the test chamber generating heat during operation, causing the temperature inside the test chamber to be too high, affecting the detection accuracy of the tester, and the inconvenience of adjusting the height of the tester according to actual needs during use.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a portable PMU tester, comprising a housing, side plates on both sides of the housing, heat dissipation holes at the upper end of the side plates, a heat dissipation mechanism detachably connected to one side of the side plates, a mounting mechanism fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing, a tester body movably connected to the upper end of the mounting mechanism, a housing cover detachably connected to the upper end of the housing, and a handle fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing cover;
[0007] The heat dissipation mechanism includes a mounting bracket, one side of which is detachably connected to one side of a side plate. A connector is provided on one side of the mounting bracket, and a guide plate is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the mounting bracket. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting bracket, and a cooling fan is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod.
[0008] Preferably, one side of the side panel is detachably connected to one side of the housing, and the outer wall of the heat dissipation hole is connected through the inner wall of the side panel.
[0009] Preferably, one side of the mounting bracket is threaded to one side of the connector, and the middle of the inner wall of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to both sides of the guide plate.
[0010] Preferably, the cooling fans are provided in pairs and are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting bracket away from the air guide plate.
[0011] Preferably, the installation mechanism includes an installation box, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing. A bidirectional screw is provided at the lower end of the installation box, and a handle is provided at one end of the bidirectional screw. A movable block is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional screw. A support rod is hinged to the upper end of the movable block, and a protective box is hinged to the upper end of the support rod. A support seat is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the bidirectional screw via a bearing. Sliding grooves are embedded and connected to both sides of the inner wall of the installation box. Sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the protective box. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding block, and a spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod.
[0012] Preferably, the bottom inner wall of the mounting box is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional screw, and one end of the bidirectional screw is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating handle.
[0013] Preferably, the groove and the slider have the same shape, and the two ends of the slider are fixedly connected to the two ends of the inner wall of the groove.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0015] 1. The heat dissipation mechanism can effectively dissipate heat during long-term operation, preventing the tester from being damaged due to overheating and extending its service life. When the cooling fan is working, it can guide external air into the chamber through the heat dissipation holes via the baffle plate to dissipate heat from the tester. At the same time, the cooling fan can also extract hot air from inside the chamber to achieve the heat dissipation effect.
[0016] 2. The installation mechanism allows for height adjustment of the testing instrument body according to actual needs, facilitating operation. A rotating handle drives a bidirectional screw, which in turn moves two movable blocks relative to or opposite to each other. These blocks, via a support rod, raise or lower the protective box, thus adjusting the height of the testing instrument body. Simultaneously, as the protective box moves, a slider slides along a guide rod, which guides the slider's movement. A spring buffers the protective box, preventing damage from collisions during height adjustment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation mechanism of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a side view of the three-dimensional structure of this utility model.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Side panel; 3. Ventilation holes; 4. Heat dissipation mechanism; 5. Mounting mechanism; 6. Tester body; 7. Cover; 8. Handle; 41. Mounting bracket; 42. Connector; 43. Guide plate; 44. Connecting rod; 45. Cooling fan; 51. Mounting box; 52. Double-acting screw; 53. Rotary handle; 54. Movable block; 55. Support rod; 56. Protective box; 57. Support base; 58. Slide groove; 59. Slider; 510. Slide rod; 511. Spring. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4This utility model provides a technical solution: a portable PMU tester, including a housing 1, side plates 2 on both sides of the housing 1, heat dissipation holes 3 on the upper end of the side plates 2, a heat dissipation mechanism 4 detachably connected to one side of the side plates 2, an installation mechanism 5 fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1, a tester body 6 movably connected to the upper end of the installation mechanism 5, a housing cover 7 detachably connected to the upper end of the housing 1, a handle 8 fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing cover 7, the heat dissipation mechanism 4 including a mounting frame 41, one side of the mounting frame 41 detachably connected to one side of the side plate 2, a connector 42 on one side of the mounting frame 41, a guide plate 43 in the middle of the inner wall of the mounting frame 41, a connecting rod 44 fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting frame 41, a cooling fan 45 fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 44, one side of the side plate 2 detachably connected to one side of the housing 1, and the outer wall of the heat dissipation hole 3 penetratingly connected to the inner wall of the side plate 2;
[0024] One side of the mounting bracket 41 is threadedly connected to one side of the connector 42, making the connection between the mounting bracket 41 and the side plate 2 more stable and facilitating disassembly and maintenance. The baffle plate 43 allows the airflow generated by the cooling fan 45 to flow more evenly across the tester body 6, improving the heat dissipation effect. There are two cooling fans 45, both symmetrically positioned on the side of the mounting bracket 41 away from the baffle plate 43. This arrangement ensures uniform and efficient heat dissipation and prevents local overheating of the tester body 6. In addition, the lower end of the mounting box 51 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1. The lower end of the mounting box 51 is provided with a bidirectional screw 52, and one end of the bidirectional screw 52 is provided with a handle 53. Rotating the handle 53 can drive the bidirectional screw 52 to rotate. The outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 is threadedly connected to a movable block 54. The upper end of the movable block 54 is hinged to a support rod 55, and the upper end of the support rod 55 is hinged to a protective box 56. The protective box 56 is used to place the tester body 6 and provides protection.
[0025] Please see Figure 2 In order to quickly dissipate heat from the tester body 6 inside the housing 1, one side of the mounting bracket 41 is threadedly connected to one side of the connector 42, and the middle of the inner wall of the mounting bracket 41 is fixedly connected to both sides of the guide plate 43. The number of cooling fans 45 is set to two and they are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting bracket 41 away from the guide plate 43.
[0026] A support seat 57 is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 via a bearing. The support seat 57 ensures stable rotation of the bidirectional screw 52. Slide grooves 58 are embedded on both sides of the inner wall of the mounting box 51. Slide blocks 59 are fixed to the bottom of both sides of the protective box 56. A slide rod 510 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide block 59. The slide rod 510 restricts the direction of movement of the protective box 56, allowing it to move smoothly up and down. A spring 511 is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 510. The spring 511 allows the protective box 56 to maintain a certain position when no external force is applied, while also providing a certain buffering effect. The bottom inner wall of the mounting box 51 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52, ensuring stable rotation of the bidirectional screw 52. One end of the slide bar 510 is fixedly connected to one side of the handle 53. By rotating the handle 53, the bidirectional screw 52 can be easily driven to rotate. The slide groove 58 and the slider 59 have the same shape, and the two ends of the slide bar 510 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the inner wall of the slide groove 58. This setting ensures that the slider 59 can slide smoothly in the slide groove 58, while restricting the direction of movement of the slider 59. In use, the bidirectional screw 52 is driven to rotate by rotating the handle 53. The bidirectional screw 52 drives the movable block 54 to move. The movable block 54 drives the protective box 56 to move up and down through the support rod 55, thereby adjusting the height of the tester body 6 to meet different usage needs. At the same time, the heat dissipation mechanism 4 ensures the heat dissipation effect of the tester body 6 during operation, avoiding the tester body 6 from affecting the detection accuracy due to overheating.
[0027] Please see Figure 3 To quickly secure the tester body 6 within the protective box 56, the mounting mechanism 5 includes a mounting box 51. The lower end of the mounting box 51 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1. A bidirectional screw 52 is provided at the lower end of the mounting box 51. A handle 53 is provided at one end of the bidirectional screw 52. A movable block 54 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52. A support rod 55 is hinged to the upper end of the movable block 54. The protective box 56 is hinged to the upper end of the support rod 55. The middle of the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 is rotated via a bearing. The mounting box 51 is connected to a support base 57. The inner walls of the mounting box 51 are embedded with sliding grooves 58. The bottom sides of the protective box 56 are fixedly connected to sliders 59. The inner walls of sliders 59 are slidably connected to slide rods 510. The outer walls of slide rods 510 are sleeved with springs 511. The bottom inner wall of the mounting box 51 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the double-acting screw 52. One end of the double-acting screw 52 is fixedly connected to one side of the handle 53. The sliding grooves 58 and sliders 59 have the same shape, and the two ends of slide rods 510 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the inner walls of the sliding grooves 58.
[0028] The lower end of the mounting box 51 is securely connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1. A bidirectional screw 52 is located at the lower end of the mounting box 51, with a handle 53 for easy operation fixed to one end. The outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 is threaded, and these threads are tightly connected to a movable block 54. The upper end of the movable block 54 is hinged to a support rod 55, and the upper end of the support rod 55 is also hinged to a protective box 56. To ensure the stability and flexibility of the mechanism, the middle of the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 is connected to a support seat 57 via a bearing, allowing the bidirectional screw 52 to rotate freely. The lower end of the support seat 57 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the mounting box 51. Furthermore, grooves 58 are embedded on both sides of the inner wall of the mounting box 51. 8 provides sliding space for slider 59. Slider 59 is fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the protective box 56. The inner wall of slider 59 is slidably connected to slide rod 510. Spring 511 is sleeved on the outer wall of slide rod 510 to provide necessary elastic support. Finally, the bottom inner wall of mounting box 51 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of double screw 52, ensuring that one end of double screw 52 can be firmly fixed to one side of handle 53. The slide groove 58 and slider 59 are exactly the same in shape to ensure that both ends of slide rod 510 can be firmly fixed to both ends of the inner wall of slide groove 58, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire mounting mechanism 5. In order to provide shock absorption protection for the tester body 6, rubber pads are fixedly connected to all four sides of the inner wall of protective box 56. The tester body 6 is fitted to the outer wall. To facilitate positioning of the tester body 6, two support rods 55 are provided, symmetrically distributed about the vertical center line of the bidirectional screw 52. To facilitate disassembly of the mounting bracket 41, a bolt is provided on one side of the connector 42, and a threaded hole matching the bolt is provided on one side of the mounting bracket 41. To facilitate disassembly of the cover 7, a buckle is provided on one side of the cover 7, and a slot matching the buckle is provided at the upper end of the housing 1. When heat dissipation of the tester body 6 is required, the cooling fan 45 is activated. The cooling fan 45 generates airflow, which, guided by the guide plate 43, quickly dissipates heat from the housing 1 through the heat dissipation holes 3, achieving rapid heat dissipation. When heat dissipation of the tester body 6 is required... During installation, rotating the handle 53 causes the double-ended screw 52 to rotate. The double-ended screw 52 causes the movable blocks 54 to move closer together. The movable blocks 54 move one end of the support rod 55, and the other end of the support rod 55 moves the protective box 56. The protective box 56 causes the slider 59 to slide on the slide rod 510. At the same time, the spring 511 deforms. The tester body 6 is placed into the protective box 56. Rotating the handle 53 in the opposite direction causes the double-ended screw 52 to rotate. The double-ended screw 52 causes the movable blocks 54 to move further apart. The movable blocks 54 move one end of the support rod 55, and the other end of the support rod 55 moves the protective box 56. The protective box 56 causes the slider 59 to slide on the slide rod 510. At the same time, the spring 511 returns to its original position.The tester body 6 is fixed in place, and the rubber pads provide shock absorption and protection, improving its stability during use.
[0029] Working principle: First, the mounting bracket 41 is threadedly connected to the connector 42 on one side, making the connection between the mounting bracket 41 and the side plate 2 more stable and facilitating disassembly and maintenance. The guide plate 43 allows the airflow generated by the cooling fan 45 to flow more evenly across the tester body 6, improving heat dissipation. Two cooling fans 45 are symmetrically positioned on the side of the mounting bracket 41 away from the guide plate 43. This arrangement ensures uniform and efficient heat dissipation, preventing localized overheating of the tester body 6. Additionally, the lower end of the mounting box 51 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1. The lower end of the mounting box 51 is equipped with... A bidirectional screw 52 has a handle 53 at one end, which drives the bidirectional screw 52 to rotate. A movable block 54 is threaded onto the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52. A support rod 55 is hinged to the upper end of the movable block 54, and a protective box 56 is hinged to the upper end of the support rod 55. The protective box 56 houses the testing instrument body 6 and provides protection. A support seat 57 is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 via a bearing, ensuring stable rotation of the bidirectional screw 52. Sliding grooves 58 are embedded on both sides of the inner wall of the mounting box 51. Sliding blocks 59 are fixed to the bottom of both sides of the protective box 56. A slide rod 510 is slidably connected to the inner wall of block 59. The slide rod 510 restricts the movement direction of the protective box 56, allowing the protective box 56 to move smoothly up and down. A spring 511 is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 510. The spring 511 allows the protective box 56 to maintain a certain position when no external force is applied, while also providing a certain cushioning effect. The bottom inner wall of the mounting box 51 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52, ensuring that the bidirectional screw 52 can rotate stably. One end of the bidirectional screw 52 is fixedly connected to one side of the handle 53. By rotating the handle 53, the bidirectional screw 52 can be easily driven to rotate. The slide groove 58 and the slide... The blocks 59 have the same shape and the two ends of the slide rod 510 are fixed to the two ends of the inner wall of the slide groove 58. This setting ensures that the slider 59 can slide smoothly in the slide groove 58, while restricting the movement direction of the slider 59. In use, the double screw 52 is driven to rotate by rotating the handle 53. The double screw 52 drives the movable block 54 to move. The movable block 54 drives the protective box 56 to move up and down through the support rod 55, thereby adjusting the height of the tester body 6 to meet different usage needs. At the same time, the heat dissipation mechanism 4 ensures the heat dissipation effect of the tester body 6 during operation, avoiding the tester body 6 from affecting the detection accuracy due to overheating.
[0030] Then, the lower end of the mounting box 51 is firmly connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1. A bidirectional screw 52 is provided at the lower end of the mounting box 51, with a handle 53 for easy operation fixed to one end. The outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 is threaded, and these threads are tightly connected to the movable block 54. The upper end of the movable block 54 is hinged to the support rod 55, and the upper end of the support rod 55 is also hinged to the protective box 56. To ensure the stability and flexibility of the mechanism, the middle of the outer wall of the bidirectional screw 52 is connected to the support seat 57 via a bearing, allowing the bidirectional screw 52 to rotate freely. The lower end of the support seat 57 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the mounting box 51. Furthermore, grooves are embedded on both sides of the inner wall of the mounting box 51. 58. The groove 58 provides sliding space for the slider 59. The slider 59 is fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the protective box 56. The inner wall of the slider 59 is slidably connected to the slide rod 510. The outer wall of the slide rod 510 is fitted with a spring 511 to provide necessary elastic support. Finally, the bottom inner wall of the mounting box 51 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the double-acting screw 52, ensuring that one end of the double-acting screw 52 can be firmly fixed to one side of the handle 53. The groove 58 and the slider 59 are exactly the same in shape to ensure that both ends of the slide rod 510 can be firmly fixed to both ends of the inner wall of the groove 58, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire mounting mechanism 5. In order to provide shock absorption protection for the tester body 6, rubber is fixedly connected to all four sides of the inner wall of the protective box 56. The rubber pad is attached to the outer wall of the tester body 6 on one side. To facilitate the limiting of the tester body 6, there are two support rods 55, both symmetrically distributed about the vertical center line of the bidirectional screw 52. To facilitate the disassembly of the mounting bracket 41, a bolt is provided on one side of the connector 42, and a threaded hole matching the bolt is provided on one side of the mounting bracket 41. To facilitate the disassembly of the cover 7, a buckle is provided on one side of the cover 7, and a slot matching the buckle is provided at the upper end of the housing 1. When it is necessary to dissipate heat from the tester body 6, the cooling fan 45 is activated. The cooling fan 45 generates airflow, which, guided by the guide plate 43, quickly dissipates the heat inside the housing 1 through the heat dissipation holes 3, achieving rapid heat dissipation. When the tester body 6 needs to be installed, rotate the handle 53. The handle 53 drives the bidirectional screw 52 to rotate. The bidirectional screw 52 drives the movable blocks 54 to move closer together. The movable blocks 54 drive one end of the support rod 55 to move. The other end of the support rod 55 drives the protective box 56 to move. The protective box 56 drives the slider 59 to slide on the slide rod 510. At the same time, the spring 511 deforms, placing the tester body 6 into the protective box 56. Rotate the handle 53 in the opposite direction. The handle 53 drives the bidirectional screw 52 to rotate. The bidirectional screw 52 drives the movable blocks 54 to move away from each other. The movable blocks 54 drive one end of the support rod 55 to move. The other end of the support rod 55 drives the protective box 56 to move. The protective box 56 drives the slider 59 to slide on the slide rod 510. At the same time, the spring 511 returns to its original position.The tester body 6 is fixed in place by the elastic force of spring 511. The rubber pads provide shock absorption and protection for the tester body 6, improving its stability during use. This concludes the overall working process of the device. Any content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A portable PMU tester, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The box (1) has side panels (2) on both sides, and heat dissipation holes (3) are provided at the upper end of the side panels (2). A heat dissipation mechanism (4) is detachably connected to one side of the side panels (2). An installation mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall inside the box (1). The upper end of the installation mechanism (5) is movably connected to the tester body (6). A box cover (7) is detachably connected to the upper end of the box (1). A handle (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the box cover (7). The heat dissipation mechanism (4) includes a mounting bracket (41), one side of which is detachably connected to one side of the side plate (2). A connector (42) is provided on one side of the mounting bracket (41), a guide plate (43) is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the mounting bracket (41), and a connecting rod (44) is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting bracket (41). A cooling fan (45) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod (44).
2. The portable PMU tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the side plate (2) is detachably connected to one side of the box (1), and the outer wall of the heat dissipation hole (3) is connected through the inner wall of the side plate (2).
3. The portable PMU tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the mounting bracket (41) is threadedly connected to one side of the connector (42), and the middle of the inner wall of the mounting bracket (41) is fixedly connected to both sides of the guide plate (43).
4. A portable PMU tester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of cooling fans (45) is set to two, and both are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting bracket (41) away from the guide plate (43).
5. A portable PMU tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation mechanism (5) includes an installation box (51), the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the box (1). A double-acting screw (52) is provided at the lower end of the installation box (51). A rotating handle (53) is provided at one end of the double-acting screw (52). A movable block (54) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the double-acting screw (52). A support rod (55) is hinged to the upper end of the movable block (54). A protective box (56) is hinged to the upper end of the support rod (55). A support seat (57) is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the double-acting screw (52) through a bearing. Slide grooves (58) are embedded and connected to both sides of the inner wall of the installation box (51). A slider (59) is fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the protective box (56). A slide rod (510) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slider (59). A spring (511) is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (510).
6. A portable PMU tester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the mounting box (51) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional screw (52), and one end of the bidirectional screw (52) is fixedly connected to one side of the handle (53).
7. A portable PMU tester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The groove (58) and the slider (59) have the same shape, and the two ends of the slider (510) are fixed to the two ends of the inner wall of the groove (58).