Self-positioning shaft part grinding driving clamp with opening type tooth grooves

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-positioning shaft part grinding driving clamp with an opening type tooth groove, and belongs to the technical field of machining clamps. The machine tool is provided with a machine tool headstock and a tailstock which are respectively provided with a tip used for clamping two ends of a workpiece. The device further comprises a shaft sleeve, a sliding shaft, a shifting block and a spring. The shaft sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving plate of a machine tool headstock; the sliding shaft is supported on the outer circle of the shaft sleeve through dense ball bearings and can move in the axial direction, and the shaft sleeve and the sliding shaft are connected through a guide structure to achieve circumferential rotation limiting of the sliding shaft. The shifting block is fixed to the end of the sliding shaft and used for being inserted into an opening tooth groove of a workpiece. A spring is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the sliding shaft and used for pushing the sliding shaft and the shifting block to reset. One-time clamping and grinding of the workpiece are achieved through automatic alignment of the shifting block and the tooth groove of the workpiece, and the shifting block can be replaced to adapt to different tooth groove structures. The clamp is simple in structure, suitable for an automatic production line and capable of remarkably improving the machining efficiency and precision.

Description

Self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machining fixture technology, specifically relating to a self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves, suitable for one-time clamping grinding of shaft parts with open keyways, gears or splines at the ends. Background Technology

[0002] In the grinding of shaft parts, especially those with open keyways, gears, or splines at the ends, high precision requirements such as coaxiality, cylindricity, and roundness of the outer diameter are typically required. In traditional machining methods, due to the limitations of the toothed structure at the workpiece end, conventional fixtures struggle to achieve reliable drive and clamping, necessitating multiple clamping or adjustments. This not only results in low machining efficiency but also easily affects machining accuracy due to clamping errors. Furthermore, in mass production lines with automated machining, the random placement of workpieces during robotic loading and unloading can lead to difficulties in aligning the toothed grooves with the drive components, further increasing the machining complexity.

[0003] While some specialized fixtures exist for toothed parts, their complex structures, poor versatility, and inability to achieve automatic alignment and drive make them unsuitable for high-efficiency, high-precision machining. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a grinding drive fixture capable of automatic alignment, stable drive, and applicability to various toothed structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open tooth grooves. This utility model can realize one-time clamping and grinding of workpieces, automatically align the workpiece tooth grooves, and adapt to the processing requirements of various tooth groove structures, thereby improving processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves, comprising a machine tool headstock and a tailstock, wherein the machine tool headstock and tailstock are respectively provided with centers for clamping both ends of the workpiece; and further comprising: bushings, sliding shafts, levers, and springs.

[0007] The bushing screw is coaxially and fixedly connected to the dial of the machine tool headstock;

[0008] The sliding shaft is supported on the outer circle of the bushing by dense ball bearings and can move axially. The bushing and the sliding shaft are connected by a guide structure to limit the circumferential rotation of the sliding shaft.

[0009] The lever is fixed to the end of the sliding shaft and is used to insert into the open tooth groove of the workpiece;

[0010] A spring is provided between the bushing and the sliding shaft to push the sliding shaft and the toggle block to reset.

[0011] Further defining the above solution, the guide structure includes a guide sleeve and a guide screw. The guide sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bushing and is sleeved on the outside of the sliding shaft. The outer circumference of the sliding shaft is provided with an axial guide groove. The guide screw is fixed on the guide sleeve and its end is inserted into the guide groove for guiding and driving the sliding shaft.

[0012] As a further limitation of the above scheme, the spring is provided with a guide post, which is fixed to the end face of the sliding shaft to prevent the spring from tipping over.

[0013] As a further limitation of the above scheme, an end cap is fixed to the end of the sliding shaft, and the end cap is connected to the toggle block.

[0014] As a further limitation of the above scheme, the pry block is a replaceable structure, and its shape matches the open tooth groove of the workpiece.

[0015] Further specifying the above scheme, the tip is a Morse code 4 tip.

[0016] To further specify the above solution, the spring is a compression spring.

[0017] Advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art:

[0018] 1. This solution enables machining to be completed in one clamping: By automatically aligning the self-positioning lever with the workpiece tooth groove, the workpiece can be clamped and ground in one clamping, avoiding multiple clamping errors and improving machining accuracy;

[0019] 2. This solution is adaptable to various toothed structures: the shift block is replaceable and it is suitable for machining various toothed parts such as keyways, gears, and splines, making it highly versatile;

[0020] 3. This solution is compatible with automated production: It is suitable for automated production lines with robotic arms for loading and unloading, thereby improving production efficiency;

[0021] 4. This solution has a simple and reliable structure: automatic alignment and driving are achieved through the cooperation of springs and guide sleeves, resulting in a compact structure and stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tooth grooves of different workpieces according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-2 for a detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0028] Example: Referring to Figure 1, a self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves has a machine headstock 11 and a tailstock 12. The machine headstock 11 and the tailstock 12 are respectively provided with centers 13 for clamping both ends of the workpiece.

[0029] It also includes: bushing 1, sliding shaft 3, lever 7, and spring 8; the bushing 1 is coaxially fixedly connected to the dial of the machine tool headstock 11 by screws; the sliding shaft 3 is supported on the outer circle of the bushing 1 by dense ball bearing 6 and can move axially; the bushing 1 and the sliding shaft 3 are connected by a guide structure to limit the circumferential rotation of the sliding shaft 3; the lever 7 is fixed to the end of the sliding shaft 3 and is used to insert into the open tooth groove 14-1 of the workpiece 14; a spring 8 is provided between the bushing 1 and the sliding shaft 3 to push the sliding shaft 3 and the lever 7 to reset.

[0030] This embodiment achieves machining in a single clamping: by automatically aligning the self-positioning lever with the workpiece tooth groove, the workpiece can be clamped and ground in one operation, avoiding multiple clamping errors and improving machining accuracy.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, the guiding structure includes a guide sleeve 2 and a guide screw 9. The guide sleeve 2 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bushing 1 and is fitted over the sliding shaft 3. The outer circumferential surface of the sliding shaft 3 is provided with an axial guide groove 3-1. The guide screw 9 is fixed on the guide sleeve 2 and its end is inserted into the guide groove 3-1 for guiding and driving the sliding shaft 3. Preferably, the guide screw 9 is a square-headed cylindrical screw.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, the spring 8 is provided with a guide post 5, which is fixed to the end face of the sliding shaft 3 to prevent the spring from tipping over.

[0033] The above structure achieves automatic alignment and drive through the cooperation of springs and guide sleeves, and has a compact structure and stable operation.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, an end cap 4 is fixed to the end of the sliding shaft 3, and the end cap 4 is connected to the lever 7 by screws.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the lever 7 is a replaceable structure, and its shape matches the open toothed groove 14-1 of the workpiece 14. Refer to Figure 2 for the end face shapes of different workpieces.

[0036] This structure is adaptable to various toothed structures: the paddle is replaceable and it is suitable for machining various toothed parts such as keyways, gears, and splines, making it highly versatile.

[0037] Preferably, the tip 13 is a Mohs No. 4 tip.

[0038] Preferably, the spring 8 is a compression spring.

[0039] The assembly procedure for this fixture is as follows:

[0040] 1. Fix bushing 1 to the machine tool headstock dial with screws, ensuring its concentricity with the machine tool spindle;

[0041] 2. Install the sliding shaft 3 and the dense ball bearing 6 to ensure the axial movement flexibility of the sliding shaft 3;

[0042] 3. Install square-headed cylindrical screws 9 on guide sleeve 2 and insert them into guide groove 3-1 of sliding shaft 3;

[0043] 4. Select a suitable lever 7 according to the shape of the workpiece tooth groove and fix it to the end of the sliding shaft 3;

[0044] 5. Place the spring 8 onto the guide post 5 and install it between the bushing 1 and the sliding shaft 3;

[0045] 6. The workpiece 14 is placed between the two centers 13 by the robot arm. After the machine tool is started, the shift block 7 automatically aligns and drives the workpiece 14 to rotate, completing the grinding process.

[0046] Working principle: During operation, the robot arm randomly places the workpiece 14 between two centers 13. The open toothed groove 14-1 at the end of the workpiece 14 may not be aligned with the lever 7. At this time, the lever 7 and the sliding shaft 3 are compressed by the workpiece and retract axially, compressing the spring 8. The machine headstock 11 drives the bushing 1 to rotate. When the lever 7 is aligned with the toothed groove of the workpiece, the spring 8 pushes the sliding shaft 3 and the lever 7 into the toothed groove, realizing the automatic driving of the workpiece 14.

[0047] This invention enables high-precision grinding of workpieces in a single clamping operation. The shifting blocks can be replaced according to the shape of the workpiece's tooth grooves to accommodate different tooth structures such as keyways, gears, and splines. The fixture has a simple structure, is suitable for automated production lines, and can significantly improve processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves, comprising a machine headstock (11) and a tailstock (12), wherein the machine headstock (11) and the tailstock (12) are respectively provided with centers (13) for clamping both ends of the workpiece; characterized in that: Also includes: A bushing (1), a sliding shaft (3), a lever (7), and a spring (8) are provided. The bushing (1) is coaxially fixedly connected to the dial of the machine tool headstock (11). The sliding shaft (3) is supported on the outer circle of the bushing (1) by a dense ball bearing (6) and can move axially. The bushing (1) and the sliding shaft (3) are connected by a guide structure to limit the circumferential rotation of the sliding shaft (3). The lever (7) is fixed at the end of the sliding shaft (3) and is used to insert into the open tooth groove (14-1) of the workpiece (14). A spring (8) is provided between the bushing (1) and the sliding shaft (3) to push the sliding shaft (3) and the lever (7) to reset.

2. The self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide structure includes a guide sleeve (2) and a guide screw (9). The guide sleeve (2) is coaxially fixedly connected to the bushing (1) and is sleeved on the outside of the sliding shaft (3). The outer circular surface of the sliding shaft (3) is provided with an axial guide groove (3-1). The guide screw (9) is fixed on the guide sleeve (2) and its end is inserted into the guide groove (3-1) for guiding and driving the sliding shaft (3).

3. The self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (8) is provided with a guide post (5), which is fixed to the end face of the sliding shaft (3) to prevent the spring from tipping over.

4. The self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cap (4) is fixed to the end of the sliding shaft (3), and the end cap (4) is connected to the lever (7).

5. The self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The paddle (7) is a replaceable structure, and its shape matches the open toothed groove (14-1) of the workpiece (14).

6. The self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tip (13) is Mohs No. 4 tip.

7. The self-positioning grinding drive fixture for shaft parts with open toothed grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (8) is a compression spring.

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