Straw crusher

Abstract

The utility model provides a straw crusher, relates to agricultural machinery equipment technical field, the straw crusher comprises a crushing box and a feeding box, the box body of crushing box is provided with a first feed inlet and a first discharge outlet, and a crushing assembly and a sieving assembly are arranged in order between the first feed inlet and the first discharge outlet. A third discharge hole is formed in the box body between the crushing assembly and the sieving assembly; a second feeding port and a second discharging port are formed in a box body of the feeding box, a feeding assembly is arranged on the second feeding port and between the second feeding port and the second discharging port, the second feeding port is connected with the third discharging port, and the second discharging port is connected with the first feeding port; the first feeding port is higher than the first discharging port, the third discharging port is formed in the side wall of the crushing box body, automatic circulating crushing and efficiency improving are achieved, the feeding box and the crushing box form a closed-loop system, substandard straw automatically returns to the feeding ports through the third discharging port to be subjected to secondary crushing, manual intervention is not needed, and operation complexity and labor cost are remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and more specifically, to a straw crusher. Background Technology

[0002] A straw crusher is an agricultural machine primarily used to crush crop residues such as straw for subsequent fermentation, feeding, or use as organic fertilizer. Its working principle involves the high-speed rotation of the crushing blades, which impacts and shears the straw residues to achieve crushing. The crushed straw falls through a screen, which can be replaced as needed to control the amount of straw crushed.

[0003] Existing straw crushers have some problems when crushing straw. The crushed straw is too long and needs to be crushed multiple times to reach the required length. This not only increases the crushing time and energy consumption, but also reduces work efficiency. In order to improve the crushing effect, the workers return the crushed straw to the straw crusher for further crushing, but this requires additional manual operation, which increases labor costs and operational complexity. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art by providing a straw crusher that can automatically crush straw multiple times.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a straw crusher, including a crushing box and a feeding box connected to each other. The crushing box is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet. A crushing component and a screening component are arranged in sequence between the first inlet and the first outlet. A third outlet is provided on the box between the crushing component and the screening component.

[0007] The feeding box is provided with a second inlet and a second outlet. A feeding assembly is provided between the second inlet and the second outlet. The second inlet is connected to the third outlet, and the second outlet is connected to the first inlet.

[0008] The first feed inlet is positioned higher than the first discharge outlet, and the third discharge outlet is located on the side wall of the crushing box.

[0009] Optionally, the sieving assembly includes a sieve plate, which is inclined downward along a horizontal first direction, and the third discharge port is located near the lower end of the sieve plate. A vibrator is provided on the sieve plate.

[0010] The first direction is set to be perpendicular to the third discharge port;

[0011] The screen plate is provided with a second slider at each end. The second slider is connected to the body of the crushing box by a spring and slides up and down inside the body of the crushing box.

[0012] Optionally, the vibrator includes a cam disposed below the sieve plate.

[0013] Optionally, the screen plate is connected to the third discharge port via a second inclined plate. A first inclined plate is provided on one side of the screen plate opposite to the second inclined plate. The second inclined plate is inclined downwards, and the first inclined plate is inclined upwards. The edges of the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate are slidably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box, respectively.

[0014] Optionally, the screening assembly is provided with a cleaning wheel on the side facing the crushing assembly, and the cleaning wheel is provided with a plurality of cleaning plates perpendicular to the axis of the cleaning wheel, so as to sweep the straw on the crushing assembly to the side of the third discharge port;

[0015] The two ends of the cleaning wheel are respectively rotatably connected to the first slider. The first slider is provided with a screw, which is set perpendicular to the axis of the cleaning wheel. The screw is driven by a second motor to make the first slider slide relative to the body of the feeding box.

[0016] One of the first sliders is equipped with a third motor, which is used to drive the cleaning wheel to rotate.

[0017] Optionally, the axis of the cleaning wheel is arranged along the first direction;

[0018] The outer contour of the cleaning wheel matches the inclination angle of the sieve plate.

[0019] Optionally, the crushing assembly includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component sequentially disposed inside the first feed inlet;

[0020] The first crushing component includes a vertically arranged rotating shaft and a plurality of crushing blades arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being driven to rotate by a first motor;

[0021] The second crushing component includes two crushing rollers symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, with a crushing gap formed between the two crushing rollers for crushing straw.

[0022] Optionally, a plurality of guide plates are connected to the inner wall of the crushing box, the guide plates and the crushing roller extend in the same direction and are inclined downward;

[0023] The guide plate includes two first guide plates located between the crushing blade and the crushing roller, the two first guide plates being symmetrically arranged along a vertical plane.

[0024] Optionally, the guide plate includes a second guide plate disposed between the second crusher and the screen plate, the second guide plate and the third discharge port being disposed on the same side.

[0025] Optionally, the feeding assembly includes a vertically arranged spiral conveyor rod, the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding box, and the spiral conveyor rod is driven to rotate by a feeding motor.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model include: automated cyclic crushing, improving efficiency. The feeding box and crushing box form a closed-loop system. Unqualified straw is automatically returned to the feeding port for secondary crushing through the third discharge port. No manual intervention is required, which significantly reduces the complexity of operation and labor costs, while shortening the processing time and improving the overall work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a straw crusher provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a straw crusher provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is the third structural schematic diagram of a straw crusher provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is the fourth schematic diagram of a straw crusher provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is the fifth schematic diagram of a straw crusher provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 This is the sixth structural schematic diagram of a straw crusher provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Icons: 10. Crushing box; 11. First feed inlet; 12. First discharge outlet; 13. First guide plate; 14. Crushing roller; 15. Second guide plate; 16. Third discharge outlet; 20. Feeding box; 21. Second discharge outlet; 22. Conveyor rod; 23. Second feed inlet; 24. Feeding motor; 30. Crushing blade; 31. First motor; 40. Screen plate; 41. Spring; 42. First inclined plate; 43. Second inclined plate; 44. Cam; 45. Second slider; 50. Cleaning wheel; 51. First slider; 52. Baffle; 53. Cleaning plate; 54. Second motor; 55. Screw; 56. Third motor. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of this application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and the combined embodiments are still within the protection scope of this application.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a straw crusher, including a crushing box 10 and a feeding box 20 connected to each other. The crushing box 10 is provided with a first inlet 11 and a first outlet 12. A crushing component and a screening component are arranged sequentially between the first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12. A third outlet 16 is provided on the box between the crushing component and the screening component. The feeding box 20 is provided with a second inlet 23 and a second outlet 21. A feeding component is arranged between the second inlet 23 and the second outlet 21. The second inlet 23 is connected to the third outlet 16, and the second outlet 21 is connected to the first inlet 11. The first inlet 11 is higher than the first outlet 12, and the third outlet 16 is located on the side wall of the crushing box 10. The crushing box 10 and the feeding box 20 are connected in a closed loop. Straw that meets the requirements is discharged through the first discharge port 12, while straw that does not meet the requirements automatically enters the feeding box 20 through the third discharge port 16. The feeding assembly in the feeding box 20 feeds the straw from the second inlet 23 to the second discharge port 21, from which the straw is then fed back into the first inlet 11 for secondary crushing. This process requires no manual intervention, significantly improving efficiency and ensuring the uniformity of the straw. In this embodiment, the first inlet 11 is higher than the first discharge port 12, utilizing gravity to assist straw flow, reducing additional power requirements and saving space. The feeding box 20 and the crushing box 10 are connected separately, facilitating maintenance and fault isolation, and reducing downtime.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the sieving assembly includes a sieve plate 40, which is inclined downwards along a first horizontal direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the third discharge port 16. Figure 7 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the first direction; the third discharge port 16 is located near the lower end of the screen plate 40, and a vibrator is installed on the screen plate 40; second sliders 45 are respectively installed at both ends of the screen plate 40, and the second sliders 45 are connected to the body of the crushing box 10 through springs 41, and slide up and down inside the crushing box 10. The screen plate 40 is inclined downward in the horizontal direction. The inclined screen plate 40, combined with the vibrator, accelerates the falling of qualified straw, and quickly guides uncrushed straw to the third discharge port 16, thereby speeding up the screening speed, improving screening efficiency, and reducing screening time; the springs 41 and the second sliders 45 buffer the vibration impact, reduce the risk of screen plate 40 deformation, extend service life, avoid local accumulation, and ensure uniform distribution of straw.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the vibrator includes a cam 44 disposed below the sieve plate 40. The cam 44 has a simple and reliable structure, low maintenance cost, and is suitable for high-dust environments in agricultural machinery.

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, the screen plate 40 is connected to the third discharge port 16 via the second inclined plate 43. A first inclined plate 42 is provided on the side of the screen plate 40 opposite to the second inclined plate 43. The second inclined plate 43 slopes downwards, and the first inclined plate 42 slopes upwards. The edges of the first inclined plate 42 and the second inclined plate 43 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box 10. This ensures that non-compliant straw can flow smoothly from the screen plate 40 to the third discharge port 16 and then enter the feeding box 20 for further crushing, improving the straw conveying efficiency. The design of the first inclined plate 42 and the second inclined plate 43 guides the flow of straw, reducing accumulation and blockage between the screen plate and the inner wall of the crushing box 10, maintaining the permeability of the screen plate 40, and improving the screening effect and the working efficiency of the equipment.

[0041] On the other hand, a cleaning wheel 50 is provided on the side of the screening assembly facing the crushing assembly. Multiple cleaning plates 53 perpendicular to the axis of the cleaning wheel 50 are provided on the cleaning wheel 50 to sweep the straw on the crushing assembly to the side of the third discharge port 16. Both ends of the cleaning wheel 50 are rotatably connected to a first slider 51. A screw 55 passes through the first slider 51 and is perpendicular to the axis of the cleaning wheel 50. The screw 55 is driven by a second motor 54 to make the first slider 51 slide relative to the body of the feeding box 20. A third motor 56 is provided on one of the first sliders 51 to drive the cleaning wheel 50 to rotate. In this embodiment, the rotating cleaning wheel 50 cleans the screening assembly back and forth, preventing straw from tangling or clogging, avoiding straw accumulation on the screening assembly, and stirring the straw for better screening results. Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning wheel 50 rotates counterclockwise to move the straw to the right side of the crushing box 10. The cleaning wheel is driven by a rotating cleaning plate.

[0042] In this embodiment, the axis of the cleaning wheel 50 is arranged along a first direction; the outer contour of the cleaning wheel 50 matches the inclination angle of the screen plate 40. The screen plate 40 is inclined, allowing the straw to be poured into one side of the crushing box 10. Since the cross-section of the feeding box 20 is small, such as... Figure 7 As shown, to avoid straw accumulation, the cleaning wheel 50 sweeps back and forth along the vertical first direction, which more effectively cleans up straw residue, improves cleaning efficiency, and allows the straw to enter the feeding box 20.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the crushing assembly includes a first crusher and a second crusher sequentially arranged inside the first feed inlet 11. The first crusher includes a vertically arranged rotating shaft and multiple crushing blades 30 arranged on the rotating shaft, which is driven to rotate by a first motor 31. The second crusher includes two crushing rollers 14 symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, forming a crushing gap between the two crushing rollers 14 for crushing straw. The first crusher (rotating blades) coarsely crushes the straw, while the second crusher (rollers) finely crushes it. The two stages work together to make the crushing more uniform and prevent excessively large straw from tangling on the crushing rollers 14. Several guide plates are connected to the inner wall of the crushing box 10. The guide plates extend in the same direction as the crushing rollers 14 and are inclined downwards. The guide plates include two first guide plates 13 located between the crushing blades 30 and the crushing rollers 14, and the two first guide plates 13 are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction. The symmetrically inclined first guide plates 13 guide the coarsely crushed straw evenly to the crushing gap between the rollers, avoiding one-sided accumulation. The downward inclination of the guide plates suppresses straw scattering during the crushing process and improves safety.

[0044] Specifically, the guide plate includes a second guide plate 15 disposed between the second crusher and the screen plate 40. The second guide plate 15 and the third discharge port 16 are disposed on the same side to prevent the straw from entering the feeding box 20 directly after being crushed by the crushing roller 14.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding assembly includes a vertically arranged spiral conveyor 22, with both ends of the spiral conveyor 22 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding box 20. The spiral conveyor 22 is driven to rotate by a feeding motor 24. The vertically arranged spiral conveyor 22, through the rotation of its spiral blades, efficiently transports the straw entering the feeding box 20 from the second feed inlet 23 to the second feed inlet 21, and then back into the first feed inlet 11, ensuring continuous cyclic crushing of the straw.

[0046] The usage process of a straw crusher provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0047] First, straw is fed into the crushing box 10 through the first feed inlet 11. The straw first passes through the crushing components, where it is coarsely crushed by the crushing blades 30 of the first crushing component. Then, under the action of the two first guide plates 13, it enters the second crushing component, where it is finely crushed by the two crushing rollers 14. The crushed straw falls onto the screen plate 40 of the screening component. The screen plate 40 vibrates under the action of the vibrator cam 44. Straw that meets the requirements passes through the screen plate 40 and is discharged from the first discharge outlet 12. Straw that does not meet the requirements enters the second feed inlet 23 of the feeding box 20 through the third discharge outlet 16. The screw conveyor 22 sends the straw from the second feed inlet 23 to the second discharge outlet 21, and then sends it back into the crushing box 10 from the first feed inlet 11 for secondary crushing. This cycle continues until the straw meets the requirements. Throughout the process, the cleaning wheel 50 rotates continuously to sweep the straw on the crushing components to the side of the third discharge outlet 16 to prevent blockage and ensure screening effect.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A straw crusher, comprising a crushing box (10) and a feeding box (20) connected to each other, characterized in that: The crushing box (10) is provided with a first feed inlet (11) and a first discharge outlet (12). A crushing component and a screening component are arranged in sequence between the first feed inlet (11) and the first discharge outlet (12). A third discharge outlet (16) is provided on the box between the crushing component and the screening component. The feeding box (20) is provided with a second inlet (23) and a second outlet (21). A feeding assembly is provided between the second inlet (23) and the second outlet (21). The second inlet (23) is connected to the third outlet (16), and the second outlet (21) is connected to the first inlet (11). The first feed inlet (11) is set higher than the first discharge outlet (12), and the third discharge outlet (16) is set on the side wall of the crushing box (10); The sieving assembly includes a sieve plate (40), which is inclined downward along a horizontal first direction. The third discharge port (16) is located near the lower end of the sieve plate (40), and a vibrator is provided on the sieve plate (40). The first direction is set to be perpendicular to the third discharge port (16); The screen plate (40) is provided with a second slider (45) at both ends. The second slider (45) is connected to the body of the crushing box (10) by a spring (41) and slides up and down inside the body of the crushing box (10).

2. The straw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrator includes a cam (44) disposed below the sieve plate (40).

3. The straw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screen plate (40) is connected to the third discharge port (16) through the second inclined plate (43). The screen plate (40) has a first inclined plate (42) on one side opposite to the second inclined plate (43). The second inclined plate (43) is inclined downward and the first inclined plate (42) is inclined upward. The edges of the first inclined plate (42) and the second inclined plate (43) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box (10).

4. The straw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening assembly is provided with a cleaning wheel (50) on the side facing the crushing assembly. The cleaning wheel (50) is provided with a plurality of cleaning plates (53) perpendicular to the axis of the cleaning wheel (50) to sweep the straw on the crushing assembly to the side of the third discharge port (16). The two ends of the cleaning wheel (50) are rotatably connected to the first slider (51), and the first slider (51) is provided with a screw (55). The screw (55) is set perpendicular to the axis of the cleaning wheel (50). The screw (55) is driven by the second motor (54) so ​​that the first slider (51) slides relative to the box body of the feeding box (20). One of the first sliders (51) is provided with a third motor (56), which is used to drive the cleaning wheel (50) to rotate.

5. The straw crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the cleaning wheel (50) is set along the first direction; The outer contour of the cleaning wheel (50) matches the inclination angle of the sieve plate (40).

6. The straw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component arranged sequentially inside the first feed inlet (11); The first crushing component includes a vertically arranged rotating shaft and a plurality of crushing blades (30) arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being driven to rotate by a first motor (31); The second crushing component includes two crushing rollers (14) arranged symmetrically in the horizontal direction, with a crushing gap formed between the two crushing rollers (14) for crushing straw.

7. The straw crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that, A number of guide plates are connected to the inner wall of the crushing box (10). The guide plates and the crushing roller (14) extend in the same direction and are inclined downward. The guide plate includes two first guide plates (13) located between the crushing blade (30) and the crushing roller (14), the two first guide plates (13) being arranged symmetrically along the vertical plane.

8. The straw crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guide plate includes a second guide plate (15) disposed between the second crusher and the screen plate (40), and the second guide plate (15) and the third discharge port (16) are disposed on the same side.

9. The straw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly includes a vertically arranged spiral conveyor rod (22), the two ends of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding box (20), and the spiral conveyor rod (22) is driven to rotate by a feeding motor (24).

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