A flotation device for improving the quality of fly ash

Abstract

This utility model provides a flotation device for improving the quality of fly ash, relating to the field of fly ash treatment. The flotation device includes a mixing tank for adding water and reagents, and a pump for conveying coal slurry from the mixing tank to a slurry tank. The outer surface of the mixing tank is connected to an inclined outer shell, and a rotating mechanism is rotatably installed inside the outer shell. A feeding mechanism is installed on one side of the rotating mechanism. The flotation device uses cylindrical and inclined screens A and B to gradually refine fly ash particles of different initial sizes through progressive crushing, reducing the presence of large particles and making the particle size distribution more uniform. The grooved wheel has several slots with fixed capacity, achieving relatively stable quantitative feeding, allowing bubbles to be more evenly distributed around the particles, thus improving the quality, selectivity, and recovery rate of the flotation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fly ash treatment, specifically to a fly ash quality improvement flotation device. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash is a fine ash collected from the flue gas after coal combustion. It is a major solid waste discharged from coal-fired power plants. Fly ash often contains unburned carbon. After coal is crushed by a coal separator, water and reagents are added to a mixing tank and mixed by an agitator. After being prepared into a coal slurry in a mixing tank, it is poured into a slurry tank where mixing begins. Air is poured into the coal slurry to form a large number of bubbles. Some mineral particles that are not easily wetted by water, generally known as hydrophobic mineral particles, attach to the bubbles and float to the surface of the coal slurry with the bubbles, forming a mineralized bubble layer. Other mineral particles that are easily wetted by water, generally known as hydrophilic mineral particles, do not attach to the bubbles and flow into the coal slurry. The mineralized bubbles containing specific coal minerals are discharged. Due to the strong agitation and aeration of the coal slurry, bubbles are generated. Finally, the mineralized foam is scraped off by a scraper. The carbon can be separated by flotation. The recovered carbon can be used as fuel or for other purposes, improving resource utilization.

[0003] Because raw coal contains a large amount of hard minerals, the fly ash particles produced after combustion are large and hard. Conversely, some raw coal contains a large amount of soft minerals, resulting in relatively small fly ash particles after combustion. During the crushing process, the harder mineral particles are relatively difficult to crush, while the softer particles are easily over-crushed, leading to uneven particle size. In the flotation process, the size and number of bubbles need to match the particle size to achieve the best flotation effect. When the particle size is uneven, larger particles require larger bubbles to provide sufficient buoyancy, but the number of larger bubbles is relatively small, making it difficult to meet the flotation needs of all larger particles. For smaller particles, although there are many small bubbles, insufficient buoyancy will prevent them from floating, resulting in lower flotation efficiency and quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a flotation device for improving the quality of fly ash, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a flotation device for improving the quality of fly ash, comprising a mixing tank for adding water and reagents and a conveying pump for conveying coal slurry in the mixing tank to a slurry tank. The outer surface of the mixing tank is connected to an inclined outer shell, and a rotating mechanism is rotatably installed inside the outer shell. A feeding mechanism is installed on one side of the rotating mechanism. A cylindrical screen A and a screen B for rotation are fixedly connected inside the rotating mechanism. Screen A is located inside screen B, and the two are at the same axis.

[0006] The rotating mechanism is equipped with crushing components A and B for crushing fly ash. Crushing component A is located inside screen A, and crushing component B is located inside screen B and outside screen A. A grooved wheel for quantitative feeding is rotatably installed at the bottom of the outer shell.

[0007] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a fixed block, a feeding pipe and a hopper. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the hopper and the outer shell. The hopper is connected to the feeding pipe. The feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the turntable. The turntable has a feeding hole inside, and the feeding hole is connected to the feeding pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes two baffles, a turntable, and several fixing bars. The fixing bars are all located on the outside of the screen B and are all fixedly connected to the two baffles. The turntable is rotatably connected to one of the baffles. Both screen A and screen B are fixedly connected to the two baffles.

[0009] Preferably, the crushing component A includes a rotating rod A and a plurality of crushing blades A arranged at equal distances. The rotating rod A is fixedly connected to the plurality of crushing blades A. The two ends of the rotating rod A pass through the turntable and a baffle away from the turntable, respectively, and are rotatably connected to the turntable and fixedly connected to the baffle. One end of the rotating rod A is connected to an external motor.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing component B includes a rotating rod B and a plurality of crushing blades B arranged at equal distances. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the plurality of crushing blades B. Both ends of the rotating rod B are rotatably connected to two baffles respectively. One end of both the rotating rod B and the rotating rod A is fixedly connected to a gear. The two gears are meshed together. One of the gears has a toothed ring meshed on its outer surface. The toothed ring is fixedly connected to the baffle adjacent to it.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the grooved wheel penetrates the outer shell, and both the grooved wheel and one end of the rotating rod A are fixedly connected to a rotating wheel, with the two rotating wheels connected by a belt drive.

[0012] Preferably, the mesh size of screen A is larger than that of screen B.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: By setting screen A and screen B to be cylindrical and inclined, when screen A and screen B rotate, screen A first screens out the larger fly ash particles and crushes them through crusher A, reducing the size of the originally larger particles. After the first crushing, the smaller fly ash particles enter screen B through the screen holes of screen A and are crushed again by crusher B inside screen B. This gradual crushing method can gradually refine fly ash particles of different initial sizes, reducing the presence of large particles and making the particle size distribution more uniform. By setting several slots inside the grooved wheel with fixed capacity, a relatively stable quantitative feeding is achieved, and the fly ash particles are transported to the mixing tank, preventing the addition of too many fly ash particles to the mixing tank at one time. This prevents the agitator in the mixing tank from failing to fully mix all the particles. When the particles are uniform, the air bubbles can be more evenly distributed around the particles, improving the quality, selectivity and recovery rate of flotation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the front view of the outer shell of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the side view of the outer shell of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the grooved wheel structure of this utility model.

[0019] The components are as follows: 1. Mixing tank; 2. Conveying pump; 3. Outer shell; 4. Rotating mechanism; 401. Baffle; 402. Turntable; 403. Fixing bar; 5. Feeding mechanism; 6. Screen A; 7. Screen B; 8. Crushing assembly A; 801. Rotating rod A; 802. Crushing blade A; 9. Crushing assembly B; 901. Rotating rod B; 902. Crushing blade B; 10. Grooved wheel; 11. Gear; 12. Gear ring; 13. Rotating wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figures 1-5As shown, a fly ash quality improvement flotation device includes a mixing tank 1 for adding water and reagents, and a conveying pump 2 for conveying coal slurry in the mixing tank 1 to a slurry tank. An inclined outer shell 3 is connected to the outer surface of the mixing tank 1. A rotating mechanism 4 is rotatably installed inside the outer shell 3. The rotating mechanism 4 includes two baffles 401, a turntable 402, and several fixing bars 403. The fixing bars 403 are all located outside a screen B7 and are fixedly connected to the two baffles 401. The turntable 402 is rotatably connected to one of the baffles 401. Screens A6 and B7 are both fixedly connected to the two baffles 401. When one baffle 401 rotates, the other baffle 401 also rotates accordingly, thereby allowing the two baffles 401 to rotate simultaneously. The rotating mechanism 4 drives screens A6 and B7 to rotate. Screens A6 and B7 are inclined. A feeding mechanism 5 is installed on one side of the rotating mechanism 4. The feeding mechanism 5 includes a fixed block, a feeding pipe and a hopper. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the hopper and the outer shell 3. The hopper is connected to the feeding pipe. The feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the turntable 402. The turntable 402 has a feeding hole inside, and the feeding hole is connected to the feeding pipe. By feeding fly ash into the hopper, the fly ash passes through the hopper, the feeding pipe and the feeding hole in sequence and enters screen A6. Screens A6 and B7, which are cylindrical and used for rotation, are fixedly connected inside the rotating mechanism 4. Screen A6 is located inside screen B7 and the two are on the same axis. The mesh size of screen A6 is larger than that of screen B7.

[0021] The rotating mechanism 4 is internally equipped with crushing components A8 and B9 for crushing fly ash. Crushing component A8 includes a rotating rod A801 ​​and several equally spaced crushing blades A802. The rotating rod A801 ​​is fixedly connected to the crushing blades A802. Both ends of the rotating rod A801 ​​pass through a turntable 402 and a baffle 401 away from the turntable 402, respectively, and are rotatably connected to the turntable 402 and fixedly connected to the baffle 401. One end of the rotating rod A801 ​​is connected to an external motor, which drives the mechanism. The rotating rod A801 ​​rotates, causing several crushing blades to crush the fly ash inside the screen A6. The crushing component B9 includes a rotating rod B901 and several crushing blades B902 arranged at equal intervals. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the crushing blades B902. Both ends of the rotating rod B901 are rotatably connected to two baffles 401. A gear 11 is fixedly connected to one end of both the rotating rod B901 and the rotating rod A801. The two gears 11 are meshed, with the outer surface of one gear 11 meshing. A toothed ring 12 is connected to a baffle 401 adjacent to it. When the rotating rod A801 ​​rotates, the meshing of two gears 11 causes the rotating rod B901 to rotate, thereby enabling the crushing blade B902 to perform secondary crushing of the fly ash in the screen B7. The meshing of gears 11 and toothed ring 12 also causes the rotating mechanism 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the screens A6 and B7 to rotate. The rotational speed of screens A6 and B7 is less than the rotational speed of crushing components A8 and B9. Crushing component A8 is located inside screen A6, and crushing component B9 is located inside screen B7 and outside screen A6. A grooved wheel 10 for quantitative feeding is rotatably installed at the bottom of the outer casing 3. The grooved wheel 10 has several grooves inside. One end of the grooved wheel 10 passes through the outer casing 3. Rotating wheels 13 are fixedly connected to one end of the grooved wheel 10 and the rotating rod A801. The two rotating wheels 13 are connected by belt drive. When the rotating rod A801 ​​rotates, the grooved wheel 10 can be rotated through the rotating wheel 13 and the belt.

[0022] In operation, fly ash is first fed into the feeding mechanism 5. The fly ash passes through the hopper, feeding pipe, and feeding hole into the screen A6. At this time, one end of the rotating rod A801 ​​is connected to an external motor, and the rotating rod A801 ​​is driven to rotate by the motor. Since the two gears 11 are meshed, the rotation of the rotating rod A801 ​​can drive the two gears 11 to rotate. One of the gears 11 drives the rotating rod B901 to rotate, thereby causing the crushing component A8 and the crushing component A901 to start rotating and working. Since the gear ring 12 is meshed with one of the gears 11 and is fixedly connected to the baffle 401, the rotation of the gear 11 can drive the gear ring 12 to rotate. The gear ring 12 drives the baffle 401 to rotate, thereby causing the rotating mechanism 4 to rotate. At this time, the two baffles 401 drive the two screens A6 and screen B7 to rotate. Since the two rotating wheels 13 are connected by belt drive, when the rotating rod A801 ​​rotates, one of the rotating wheels 13 will drive the grooved wheel 10 to rotate.

[0023] Next, as screen A6 rotates, larger fly ash particles remain inside screen A6. These larger particles are then crushed by the rotation of crusher A802. Smaller particles pass through the screen openings of screen A6 into screen B7, where they are further crushed by the rotation of crusher B902. Because screens A6 and B7 are cylindrical, the fly ash particles roll inside them during rotation. It should be noted that since the outer casing 3 is inclined, screens A6 and B7 should also be inclined. Therefore, when screens A6 and B7 rotate... The system allows fly ash to move along screens A6 and B7, facilitating contact between the fly ash and more crushing blades A802 and B902, thus improving crushing efficiency. Through this process, screen A6 first filters out larger fly ash particles, which are then crushed by blade A802, reducing their size. After this initial crushing, the smaller fly ash particles pass through the screen openings of screen A6 into screen B7, where they undergo a second crushing process by blade B902. This gradual crushing method progressively refines fly ash particles of different initial sizes, reducing the amount of fly ash that needs to be crushed. The presence of large particles makes the particle size distribution more uniform. For example, some initially larger particles are crushed into medium-sized particles after passing through screen A6, and then further crushed into smaller particles after entering screen B7. These smaller particles undergo multiple crushing processes together, reducing the final particle size difference and improving the uniformity of fly ash particles. Screens A6 and B7 are cylindrical and inclined. When they rotate, the fly ash particles can roll inside and move along screens A6 and B7. This movement allows the fly ash particles to interact with more of the crushing blades A802 and... Compared to a fixed screen and crushing device, the rolling and moving particles can come into contact with the crushing blades A802 and B902 from different angles and positions, increasing the possibility and uniformity of crushing. For example, a particle on a fixed screen may only come into contact with a limited number of crushing blades A802 and B902, but on the cylindrical and rotating screens A6 and B7, it can continuously encounter crushing blades A802 and B902 at different positions as it rolls, thus being crushed more comprehensively and reducing particle unevenness caused by insufficient local crushing.

[0024] Finally, the fly ash falls through the sieve holes of screen B7 into the grooved wheel 10 at the bottom of the outer shell 3. When the grooved wheel 10 rotates, because each groove has a fixed capacity, it can hold a certain amount of fly ash particles as it passes through the feeding area. Since the fly ash particles are uniform in size and have good flowability, the amount of material held in each groove is relatively close, thus achieving a relatively stable quantitative feeding and conveying the fly ash particles to the mixing tank 1. This prevents excessive fly ash particles from being added to the mixing tank 1 at once, thereby preventing the mixing tank from overheating. The agitator inside mixing tank 1 cannot fully mix all the particles. It should be noted that a suitable agitator should be installed inside mixing tank 1, and water and chemicals should be added and mixed using the agitator. After being prepared into coal slurry in the mixing tank, the coal slurry is injected into the slurry tank where mixing begins via pump 2. Air is poured into the coal slurry to form a large number of bubbles. Some mineral particles that are not easily wetted by water, generally referred to as hydrophobic mineral particles, adhere to the bubbles and float to the surface of the coal slurry, forming a mineralized bubble layer. Other mineral particles that are easily wetted by water, generally referred to as hydrophilic mineral particles, do not adhere to the bubbles. Bubbles rise and flow into the coal slurry, expelling mineralized bubbles containing specific coal minerals. Due to the intense agitation and aeration of the coal slurry, bubbles are generated. Finally, the mineralized foam is scraped off by a scraper. Through flotation, these carbon particles can be separated, and the recovered carbon can be used as fuel or for other purposes, improving resource utilization. Because the conveyed fly ash particles are relatively uniform, they are more likely to collide and combine with bubbles during the flotation process. For example, smaller particles have a larger specific surface area, allowing for more complete interaction with flotation reagents. Enhanced hydrophobicity makes them easier for bubbles to capture. Larger particles may require stronger buoyancy from bubbles to float due to greater gravity. When particles are uniform, flotation parameters can be adjusted more effectively, making the combination of bubbles and particles more efficient. Uniform particles also reduce the unevenness of bubble-particle combination caused by differences in particle size. In traditional flotation processes, uneven particle size may cause some small particles to be over-floated while some large particles are difficult to float, thus reducing flotation efficiency. When particles are uniform, bubbles can be more evenly distributed around the particles, improving the selectivity and recovery rate of flotation.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fly ash quality upgrading flotation device comprising a mixing tank (1) for adding water and reagents and a delivery pump (2) for delivering the coal slurry in the mixing tank (1) into a slurry tank, characterized in that: The outer surface of the mixing tank (1) is connected to an inclined outer shell (3). A rotating mechanism (4) is rotatably installed inside the outer shell (3). A feeding mechanism (5) is installed on one side of the rotating mechanism (4). A cylindrical screen A (6) and a screen B (7) for rotation are fixedly connected inside the rotating mechanism (4). The screen A (6) is located inside the screen B (7), and the two are at the same axis. The rotating mechanism (4) is equipped with a crushing component A (8) and a crushing component B (9) for crushing fly ash. The crushing component A (8) is located inside the screen A (6), and the crushing component B (9) is located inside the screen B (7) and outside the screen A (6). The bottom end of the outer shell (3) is rotatably equipped with a grooved wheel (10) for quantitative feeding.

2. The fly ash quality improvement flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (5) includes a fixed block, a feeding pipe and a hopper. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the hopper and the outer shell (3). The hopper is connected to the feeding pipe. The feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the turntable (402). The turntable (402) has a feeding hole inside, and the feeding hole is connected to the feeding pipe.

3. The fly ash quality improvement flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (4) includes two baffles (401), a turntable (402) and several fixing bars (403). The several fixing bars (403) are all located on the outside of the screen B (7) and are all fixedly connected to the two baffles (401). The turntable (402) is rotatably connected to one of the baffles (401). The screen A (6) and the screen B (7) are both fixedly connected to the two baffles (401).

4. The fly ash quality improvement flotation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing component A (8) includes a rotating rod A (801) and several crushing blades A (802) arranged at equal distances. The rotating rod A (801) is fixedly connected to the several crushing blades A (802). The two ends of the rotating rod A (801) pass through the turntable (402) and the baffle (401) away from the turntable (402) respectively, and are rotatably connected to the turntable (402) and fixedly connected to the baffle (401). One end of the rotating rod A (801) is connected to an external motor.

5. The fly ash quality improvement flotation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing component B (9) includes a rotating rod B (901) and several crushing blades B (902) arranged at equal distances. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the several crushing blades B (902). The two ends of the rotating rod B (901) are rotatably connected to two baffles (401) respectively. One end of the rotating rod B (901) and the rotating rod A (801) are fixedly connected to a gear (11). The two gears (11) are meshed. One of the gears (11) has a toothed ring (12) meshed on its outer surface. The toothed ring (12) is fixedly connected to the baffle (401) that is close to it.

6. The fly ash quality improvement flotation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the grooved wheel (10) passes through the outer shell (3). Both the grooved wheel (10) and the rotating rod A (801) are fixedly connected to a rotating wheel (13). The two rotating wheels (13) are connected by a belt drive.

7. The fly ash quality improvement flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of screen A (6) is larger than that of screen B (7).

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