A transmission structure for a manual transmission hybrid vehicle

Abstract

This utility model discloses a transmission structure for a manual transmission hybrid vehicle, including an engine, a motor, a clutch, and a manual gearbox. A planetary mechanism is provided between the engine and the motor. The planetary mechanism includes: an external gear ring connected to the engine output shaft; a sun gear coaxially arranged with the external gear ring, its central shaft located inside the motor rotor; and multiple planetary gears meshing between the sun gear and the external gear ring and connected to the ends of the motor rotor. The moving plate of the clutch is connected to the second end of the central shaft, and the stationary plate is connected to the input shaft of the manual gearbox. The engine output shaft, the motor rotor, and the central shaft are all equipped with locking devices. These locking devices can restrict the rotation of corresponding components according to different operating modes to complete the switching of various operating modes. In this way, the most suitable power output mode can be selected according to different operating conditions, reducing vehicle fuel consumption, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. It is applicable to various types of vehicles, including manual transmission vehicles, military vehicles, and tanks and armored vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle transmission technology, and in particular to a transmission structure for a manual transmission hybrid vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the realm of traditional vehicles, manual transmission vehicles have a relatively simple power transmission method, primarily relying on the engine for power, leaving room for improvement in fuel economy. However, in special application scenarios such as military vehicles and tanks, there is not only a requirement for good power performance, but also an urgent need to reduce fuel consumption to extend driving range and improve battlefield stealth (such as reducing engine noise).

[0003] Most existing hybrid technologies are applied to automatic transmission vehicles, with fewer hybrid drivetrain structures designed for manual transmission vehicles. Furthermore, existing vehicle drivetrain structures struggle to simultaneously meet the demands of various complex operating conditions and cannot flexibly and efficiently switch between different power output modes to achieve optimal power performance and fuel efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hybrid drivetrain structure suitable for manual transmission vehicles, especially one that can excel in special scenarios such as military applications. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes a transmission structure for a manual transmission hybrid vehicle.

[0005] This utility model proposes a transmission structure for a manual transmission hybrid vehicle, including an engine, a motor, a clutch, and a manual gearbox. A planetary mechanism is provided between the engine and the motor, and the planetary mechanism includes:

[0006] The external gear ring is connected to the output shaft of the engine.

[0007] The sun gear is located inside the outer gear ring and is coaxially arranged with the outer gear ring, and its central axis is located inside the rotor of the motor;

[0008] Multiple planetary gears mesh between the sun gear and the external gear ring. The first end of the rotor of the motor has multiple connecting shafts that are spaced apart along its circumference. The multiple connecting shafts are respectively connected to the multiple planetary gears. The moving plate of the clutch is connected to the central shaft of the sun gear near the second end. The stationary plate of the clutch is connected to the input shaft of the manual transmission.

[0009] The output shaft of the engine, the rotor of the motor, and the central shaft of the sun gear are all equipped with locking devices. The locking devices can restrict the rotation of the corresponding components according to the requirements of different working modes, so as to complete the switching of various working modes.

[0010] Preferably, the interior of the central shaft of the sun gear near the second end is connected to the moving plate of the clutch via a spline structure.

[0011] Preferably, the various working modes include:

[0012] In pure electric mode, the output shaft of the engine is locked, the motor drives the planetary gears to drive the central shaft of the sun gear, and the power is transmitted to the manual transmission via the clutch.

[0013] In direct drive mode, the motor rotor is locked: the engine directly outputs power via the external gear ring driving the planetary gears;

[0014] In hybrid mode, both the engine and the electric motor output power to the sun gear, which then transmits the power to the manual transmission via the clutch.

[0015] In power generation mode one, the engine simultaneously drives the motor to generate electricity and the solar wheel to output power.

[0016] In the second power generation mode, the sun gear is locked, and the engine drives the motor to generate electricity.

[0017] In the engine start-up mode after production stoppage, the sun gear is locked; the motor drives the sun gear through the external gear ring to start the engine;

[0018] The engine is started in pure electric mode, the engine output shaft is released from lockup, and the motor speed is increased to start the engine;

[0019] When the clutch is engaged to shift gears and the brake is applied lightly, the motor stops in pure electric mode; in hybrid or generator mode, the sun gear is engaged and the motor generates electricity.

[0020] Preferably, there are four planetary gears and four connecting shafts, and the four planetary gears are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sun gear and the circumference of the external gear ring.

[0021] Preferably, the locking device is an electromagnetic-mechanical composite locking device.

[0022] Preferably, the outer gear ring is made of 20CrMnTi carburized steel, and its inner tooth surface has undergone special laser quenching treatment.

[0023] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: by flexibly switching between multiple working modes, the most suitable power output mode can be selected according to different working conditions, which greatly reduces vehicle fuel consumption, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces dependence on fossil fuels; it is applicable to various types of vehicles such as manual transmission vehicles, military vehicles, and tanks and armored vehicles, and has broad application prospects and market value.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged perspective view of the planetary mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Engine; 2. Electric motor; 21. Stator; 22. Rotor; 221. Connecting shaft; 3. Clutch; 31. Moving plate; 32. Stationary plate; 4. Manual gearbox; 5. Planetary mechanism; 51. External gear ring; 52. Sun gear; 521. Central shaft; 53. Planetary gears. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1-3 As shown in this embodiment, a transmission structure for a manual transmission hybrid vehicle includes an engine 1, a motor 2, a clutch 3, and a manual gearbox 4. A planetary mechanism 5 is provided between the engine 1 and the motor 2. The planetary mechanism 5 includes:

[0032] External gear ring 51 is connected to the output shaft of engine 1;

[0033] The sun gear 52 is located inside the outer gear ring 51 and is coaxially arranged with the outer gear ring 51. Its central shaft 521 is located inside the rotor 22 of the motor 2.

[0034] Multiple planetary gears 53 mesh between the sun gear 52 and the external gear ring 51. The rotor 22 of the motor 2 has multiple connecting shafts 221 that are spaced apart along its circumference extending from its first end. The multiple connecting shafts 221 are respectively connected to the multiple planetary gears 53. The moving plate 31 of the clutch 3 is connected to the central shaft 521 of the sun gear 52 near the second end. The stationary plate 32 of the clutch 3 is connected to the input shaft of the manual transmission 4, thereby realizing the transmission of power to the manual transmission 4.

[0035] Furthermore, the interior of the central shaft of the sun gear 52 near the second end is connected to the moving plate 31 of the clutch 3 via a spline structure.

[0036] The output shaft of engine 1, the rotor 22 of motor 2, and the central shaft of sun gear 52 are all equipped with locking devices. The locking devices can restrict the rotation of corresponding components according to the requirements of different working modes, so as to complete the switching of various working modes.

[0037] Among them, motor 2 has the functions of both generator 2 and motor, and can switch working states in real time according to working conditions. The entire system requires the cooperation of the electronic control system and the battery.

[0038] Thus, by flexibly switching between multiple working modes, the most suitable power output method can be selected according to different working conditions, greatly reducing vehicle fuel consumption, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing dependence on fossil fuels; it is applicable to various types of vehicles such as manual transmission vehicles, military vehicles, and tanks and armored vehicles, and has broad application prospects and market value.

[0039] In this embodiment, the various working modes include:

[0040] Pure electric mode: The output shaft of engine 1 is locked. Motor 2 drives planetary gears 53, which in turn drives the central shaft 521 of sun gear 52 to rotate. Power is transmitted to manual transmission 4 via clutch 3, allowing the vehicle to be driven solely by motor 2. This mode is suitable for low-speed urban driving, short-distance driving, or situations requiring quiet operation, effectively reducing noise and fuel consumption. Furthermore, in military vehicles and armored vehicles, pure electric mode reduces the noise and heat generated by engine 1, improving battlefield stealth and increasing combat advantages.

[0041] Direct drive mode: The rotor 22 of motor 2 is locked, and engine 1 drives planetary gear 53 directly to output power through external gear ring 51. In this mode, when the vehicle is driving at high speed and in a stable manner, the power advantage of engine 1 can be fully utilized and the transmission efficiency can be improved.

[0042] Hybrid mode: Both engine 1 and electric motor 2 output power, which is transmitted to sun gear 52 and then to manual transmission 4 via clutch 3. In this mode, when the vehicle is accelerating or climbing hills, the power of engine 1 and electric motor 2 are combined to improve the vehicle's power performance and driving experience.

[0043] Power generation mode 1: Engine 1 simultaneously drives motor 2 to generate electricity and drives sun gear 52 to achieve power output. During vehicle operation, the battery can be charged in a timely manner according to the battery charge level, while ensuring the vehicle's power output.

[0044] Power generation mode 2: Sun gear 52 is locked, and engine 1 drives motor 2 to generate electricity. In this mode, when the vehicle is parked or under specific operating conditions, the focus is on charging the battery, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0045] Engine 1 restart mode after shutdown: Sun gear 52 is locked, motor 2 drives sun gear 52, which drives engine 1 to start via external gear ring 51. This makes it easy to restart engine 1 after it is turned off, and is especially suitable for scenarios where engine 1 needs to work intermittently.

[0046] Starting engine 1 in pure electric mode: Release the locked output shaft of engine 1 and start engine 1 by increasing the speed of motor 2. This can achieve a smooth start to engine 1 and reduce the impact and noise during startup.

[0047] Clutch engagement and light braking: In pure electric mode, motor 2 stops working; in hybrid mode or power generation mode 1, the sun gear 52 is locked, and motor 2 generates electricity to achieve energy recovery and improve energy utilization.

[0048] Under specific operating conditions (such as when shifting gears by depressing the clutch and when lightly braking), motor 2 can generate electricity to recover energy, further improving energy efficiency and extending the vehicle's driving range.

[0049] Furthermore, the brake lever is designed as an electromagnetic-mechanical composite brake lever, which is a device that combines electromagnetic force with mechanical structure to achieve braking and locking functions. The electromagnetic component generates electromagnetic force by energizing an electromagnetic coil. When the electromagnetic coil is powered on, it creates a magnetic field that attracts components such as the armature to move. The mechanical component, under the action of the electromagnetic force, achieves the locking action through mechanical structures. Utilizing principles such as levers and hydraulics, the electromagnetic force is amplified and transmitted, causing the brake pads to engage with the brake disc or the braking device to grip shaft components, thereby generating frictional torque and achieving braking and locking.

[0050] Electromagnetic-mechanical composite brake levers have the following advantages: a) Rapid response: The generation and dissipation of electromagnetic force are very fast, enabling braking and locking in a short time, making them suitable for emergency braking applications; b) Reliable braking: Combining the advantages of electromagnetic and mechanical systems, electromagnetic force provides rapid response power, while the mechanical structure ensures the stability and durability of braking, making it more reliable than single braking methods; c) Flexible control: The braking torque can be precisely adjusted by controlling parameters such as the current and energizing time of the electromagnetic coil to meet the needs of different operating conditions.

[0051] In specific embodiment 1: there are four planetary gears 53 and four connecting shafts. The four planetary gears 53 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the sun gear 52 and the circumference of the external gear ring 51.

[0052] It should be noted that the external gear ring 51 is made of 20CrMnTi carburized steel, which has high bending strength and can withstand the impact torque generated by the rapid acceleration and deceleration of armored vehicles; its internal tooth surface has undergone special laser quenching treatment, which has high hardness and resistance to microcrack propagation.

[0053] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0057] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A drive structure of a manual shift hybrid vehicle, comprising an engine, a motor, a clutch, and a manual transmission, characterized by, A planetary mechanism is provided between the engine and the electric motor, the planetary mechanism comprising: The external gear ring is connected to the output shaft of the engine. The sun gear is located inside the outer gear ring and is coaxially arranged with the outer gear ring, and its central axis is located inside the rotor of the motor; Multiple planetary gears mesh between the sun gear and the external gear ring. The first end of the rotor of the motor has multiple connecting shafts that are spaced apart along its circumference. The multiple connecting shafts are respectively connected to the multiple planetary gears. The moving plate of the clutch is connected to the central shaft of the sun gear near the second end. The stationary plate of the clutch is connected to the input shaft of the manual transmission. The output shaft of the engine, the rotor of the motor, and the central shaft of the sun gear are all equipped with locking devices. The locking devices can restrict the rotation of the corresponding components according to the requirements of different working modes, so as to complete the switching of various working modes.

2. The transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by The interior of the central shaft of the sun gear near the second end is connected to the moving plate of the clutch via a spline structure.

3. The transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by The various working modes include: In pure electric mode, the output shaft of the engine is locked, the motor drives the planetary gears to drive the central shaft of the sun gear, and the power is transmitted to the manual transmission via the clutch. In direct drive mode, the motor rotor is locked: the engine directly outputs power via the external gear ring driving the planetary gears; In hybrid mode, both the engine and the electric motor output power to the sun gear, which then transmits the power to the manual transmission via the clutch. In power generation mode one, the engine simultaneously drives the motor to generate electricity and the solar wheel to output power. In the second power generation mode, the sun gear is locked, and the engine drives the motor to generate electricity. In the engine start-up mode after production stoppage, the sun gear is locked; the motor drives the sun gear through the external gear ring to start the engine; The engine is started in pure electric mode, the engine output shaft is released from lockup, and the motor speed is increased to start the engine; When the clutch is engaged to shift gears and the brake is applied lightly, the motor stops in pure electric mode; in hybrid or generator mode, the sun gear is engaged and the motor generates electricity.

4. The transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by The planetary gears are provided in four parts, and the connecting shafts are provided in four parts. The four planetary gears are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sun gear and the circumference of the external gear ring.

5. The transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by The locking device is an electromagnetic-mechanical composite locking device.

6. The transmission structure of a manual transmission hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by The external gear ring is made of 20CrMnTi carburized steel, and its internal tooth surface has undergone special laser quenching treatment.

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