A limited space steel beam hoisting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of building, concretely relates to a limited space steel roof beam hoisting device, including base, the both ends of base are fixedly provided with a plurality of stand, the one end away from base of stand is provided with support piece, this support piece and stand swing cooperation connection, and this support piece and base parallelly arranged, support piece and stand constitute a upwardly -opening clamping groove, be provided with a plurality of lifting lugs on stand, and this lifting lug is distributed on base and is fixedly connected with base.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building technology and relates to a steel beam hoisting device in a confined space. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building construction, steel beam hoisting is a crucial step in structural erection, especially in confined spaces such as protective canopies above railways or under elevated structures. Steel beams often need to be installed in environments with less than 3 meters of clearance and a narrow horizontal working range. In these scenarios, steel beams typically weigh 8 to 9 tons and can reach 19.5 meters in length. The hoisting operations place extremely high demands on equipment adaptability, operational precision, and structural stability, directly impacting construction efficiency and safety.

[0003] In production and actual use, there are three major problems with the hoisting of steel beams in confined spaces: First, traditional hoisting equipment cannot adapt to space constraints. Equipment such as truck cranes and crawler cranes are difficult to deploy in scenarios with a clearance height of less than 3m because the lifting boom needs to operate vertically. On the other hand, small equipment cannot meet the hoisting requirements of large-load steel beams. Second, the horizontal displacement of steel beams is difficult to control. In narrow spaces, steel beams are prone to collisions due to hoisting swing. Traditional guide rope control is not precise enough and lacks an effective rigid constraint structure. Third, the adaptability of the hoisting structure to construction errors is poor. Due to issues such as the deviation of the embedded plate position, general-purpose hoisting devices cannot dynamically compensate for deviations within ±5cm, resulting in low installation efficiency.

[0004] A search revealed that current solutions for hoisting in confined spaces primarily include: CN221853918U, a patent titled "A Multifunctional Precast Component Hoisting Device for Confined Space Hoisting Operations." This patent achieves multi-angle hoisting by setting multiple sets of lugs (first lug, second lug, and third lug), increasing the working radius within confined spaces. Its core principle is to adapt to different hoisting directions through the diversity of lug directions, while using stiffening plates and reinforcing rings to enhance structural strength. The advantage of this solution is its flexible hoisting direction, adapting to the multi-angle operation requirements of narrow spaces; however, its disadvantages include the lack of a dedicated steel beam constraint structure, making it unable to limit horizontal displacement during hoisting, and the lack of an adjustment mechanism for pre-embedded errors, making it difficult to achieve precise docking between the steel beam and the pre-embedded structure. Another solution, by adding a spreader beam to shorten the hoisting distance and adapt to the height limitations of confined spaces, offers the advantages of simple structure and low cost; however, its disadvantages include limited functionality, only enabling hoisting in one direction, and the inability to solve the problems of steel beam sway and error compensation, resulting in lower safety and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a steel beam hoisting device for confined spaces, which solves the problems of traditional equipment being unable to be deployed, the difficulty in limiting the horizontal displacement of steel beams, and the insufficient adaptability of hoisting structures when hoisting steel beams in confined spaces due to the limited space.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A confined space steel beam hoisting device, characterized in that: it includes a base, and multiple columns are vertically fixed at both ends of the base. A support member is provided on the end of each column away from the base. The support member is movably connected to the column and is parallel to the base. The support member and the column form an upward-opening slot. Multiple lifting lugs are provided on the column and are distributed on the base and fixedly connected to the base.

[0008] The principle and advantages of this scheme are as follows:

[0009] The base, serving as the load-bearing foundation, is made of rigid materials to ensure the stability of the device when placed in a confined space, while also distributing the load during hoisting. Multiple vertically fixed columns at both ends of the base form a vertical support frame. Their height is designed according to the clearance limitations of the confined space to avoid interference with overhead obstacles, solving the problem of traditional cranes being unable to operate due to the need for the boom to extend vertically. The support components at the top of the columns are connected to the columns via a movable fit, such as a sliding groove or bolt adjustment structure, allowing for flexible adjustment along the column's height. The support components remain parallel to the base, and together with the columns, they form an upward-opening slot, the size of which matches the flange of the steel beam. Multiple lifting lugs distributed on the base provide multiple lifting point options, flexibly adapting to the crane's position and operating angle within the confined space. By combining different lifting lugs, the lifting posture of the steel beam can be adjusted, ensuring precise alignment in narrow spaces and achieving safe and efficient hoisting of the steel beam within limited space.

[0010] Compared to existing technologies, the multi-ear plate design improves the flexibility of the lifting direction, but without a dedicated restraint structure, the steel beam is prone to horizontal swaying during hoisting due to airflow or crane operation errors, posing a collision risk in confined spaces. This solution, however, uses a slot formed by the support components and columns to rigidly limit the steel beam's movement. For example, in a limited space with only 2m of clearance and 3m of distance between the two side walls, the horizontal displacement of the steel beam can be controlled within ±2cm, completely avoiding collisions with walls or other obstacles.

[0011] In existing technologies, the steel columns and steel beams are fixedly connected, and the position and height of the lifting device are not adjustable. When facing steel beams of different sizes or construction scenarios with deviations in pre-embedded positions, the device needs to be replaced or modified, resulting in poor adaptability. In this solution, the support component is connected to the column through a movable fit, allowing the position of the support component to be flexibly adjusted according to the height of the steel beam.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting groove is provided at the end of the column away from the base. This connecting groove is slidably connected to the support component. From the perspective of spatial adaptability, the sliding connection allows the support component to be flexibly adjusted along the connecting groove. It can be precisely adapted according to parameters such as the actual width and flange size of the steel beam, solving the problem that traditional fixed structures are difficult to match steel beams of different specifications. In particular, it can meet various hoisting needs without changing tooling in a limited space, reducing the time and cost of equipment adjustment.

[0013] Furthermore, a hydraulic jack is installed at the bottom of the support component. This hydraulic jack is fixed directly below the support component, with one end fixedly connected to the base and the other end fixedly connected to the support component. The hydraulic jack can precisely control the lifting and lowering of the support component, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the clear distance between the concrete beams and the required lifting height of the steel beams within a limited space. This solves the problem that traditional fixed-height fixtures are difficult to adapt to different clearance scenarios, and is especially suitable for confined environments with insufficient clearance. From a force balance perspective, if slight load unevenness occurs during dual-machine lifting, the hydraulic jack can compensate for the deviation by real-time fine-tuning the height of the support component, preventing the steel beam from swaying due to force imbalance. Combined with the slot's restriction on horizontal displacement, this further improves lifting stability and reduces the risk of collisions in narrow spaces. In addition, during the steel beam positioning stage, the jack can slowly adjust the height of the support component to achieve precise alignment.

[0014] Furthermore, the base is equipped with reinforcing ribs welded onto it. From a structural strength perspective, the reinforcing ribs can effectively enhance the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the base. During hoisting, especially under conditions where the total lifting capacity of the dual-machine hoisting system reaches 15 tons and the load rate is 60%, the pressure borne by the base can be distributed, preventing the base from bending or twisting due to the weight of the steel beams and the impact force of hoisting. This ensures that the base always maintains a stable support state in the planar dimensions, thereby improving the load-bearing reliability of the device.

[0015] Furthermore, a diagonal brace is installed between the column and the base. This diagonal brace is welded to both the base and the column, forming a triangular rigid structure. This effectively disperses the vertical load transmitted by the column, evenly transferring the weight and impact force of the steel beam to the base during hoisting. This enhances the overall anti-overturning capability of the device, making it particularly suitable for limited spaces with less than 3m of clearance and a clearance of only 1-1.5m from the concrete beam, preventing structural swaying due to space constraints. Simultaneously, the welded connection ensures no relative displacement between the diagonal brace and the base / column, allowing it to withstand dynamic loads during dual-machine hoisting, preventing loosening of connection nodes, and improving the stability of the hoisting process.

[0016] Furthermore, the two ends of the diagonal brace are inclined, which allows for better contact between the diagonal brace and the contact surfaces of the column and base. The inclined design creates a suitable angle between the connection surfaces of the diagonal brace and the column / base, enabling the vertical load and lateral force generated during hoisting to be transmitted more evenly through the contact surface. This avoids stress concentration at localized weld points. Combined with the welding fixing method, this enhances the load-bearing capacity of the connection nodes, allowing for stable withstand of dynamic loads during dual-machine hoisting. Simultaneously, the close contact surfaces increase the rigidity of the triangular structure formed by the diagonal brace, column, and base, reducing minor deformations caused by connection gaps. In a limited space with less than 3m of clearance, this more effectively limits the overall swaying of the device. Combined with the horizontal constraint function of the slot on the steel beam, this further ensures the stability of the hoisting process.

[0017] Furthermore, the diagonal brace extends from one end near the base to the intersection of the reinforcing rib and the base. The diagonal brace is welded to the base and the reinforcing rib. The intersection of the reinforcing rib and the base is the stress reinforcement point of the base. The extension and welding of the diagonal brace to this point can directly transfer the load transmitted by the column to the reinforced area of ​​the base, avoiding the load concentration in a localized area of ​​the base. This allows for stable bearing of the total lifting load during dual-machine lifting. In addition, the welding of the diagonal brace to both the base and the reinforcing rib enhances the overall stability of the base, column, and diagonal brace. In a limited space with less than 3m of clearance, it can more effectively resist the lateral force generated by the swing of the steel beam during hoisting.

[0018] Furthermore, there are four lifting lugs, with two lugs installed on the base adjacent to the column. The lifting lugs distribute the load more evenly to the base and column. Combined with the symmetrical lifting process of the two machines, this effectively avoids the device tilting due to concentrated force.

[0019] Furthermore, the lifting lug is equipped with a movable connecting rope. When being lifted, the angle formed by the connecting rope is 90 degrees. When the two connecting ropes are at 90 degrees, according to the principle of force decomposition, the tension borne by each connecting rope is only the weight of the suspended object. Compared to an excessively large angle, this effectively reduces the load on a single connecting rope, minimizing the risk of rope breakage due to excessive localized stress. Conversely, compared to an excessively small angle, it avoids excessive tension accumulation, preventing damage to the lifting lugs or connecting ropes due to exceeding their load-bearing limits. Furthermore, a 90-degree angle ensures that the horizontal components of the tension are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, canceling each other out. This results in a net vertical force that precisely balances the object's weight, ensuring the suspended object remains stable during lifting, preventing swaying or shifting, and thus improving the overall safety and stability of the lifting operation.

[0020] Furthermore, cranes are installed at both ends of the base. The booms of these cranes are positioned directly above the lifting lugs, and the lifting ropes on the booms are connected to the connecting ropes via hooks. The cranes are designed for synchronous linkage, with the booms aligned with the lifting lugs to ensure that the lifting force direction is perpendicular to the tooling plane. This prevents lateral torque from the base or column due to force offset. Combined with the stable support dimensions of the base, the load-bearing capacity is maximized, preventing the tooling from tilting during lifting. Synchronous linkage control ensures that the lifting speed and height of the two cranes are completely consistent. Combined with the lifting ropes and the 90° angle design, the posture of the steel beam is strictly constrained, avoiding additional stress caused by asynchronous operation of the two machines and reducing the swing amplitude of the steel beam. This is especially important in limited spaces with a clearance of only 1 to 1.5 meters, effectively preventing the steel beam from colliding with the concrete beam above or the surrounding structure. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the placement structure of the hoisting component of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model in use. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Base; 2. Slot; 3. Support; 4. Sliding groove; 5. Diagonal brace; 6. Lifting lug; 7. Connecting rope; 8. Column; 9. Jack; 10. Reinforcing rib; 11. Lifting component; 12. Crane; 13. Lifting boom; 14. Lifting rope; 15. Hook.

[0025] Example 1 is basically as follows Figure 1 As shown, a confined space steel beam hoisting device includes a base 1, which is welded from Q355 steel plate, with a length of 4m and a width of 1.5m. Four columns 8 are vertically welded to the upper surface of both ends, two at each end, with a spacing of 1.2m. The columns are H-shaped steel, model HW150×150, and the height is designed to be 1.8m according to the clear space of the confined space, ensuring that the distance between the top and the space obstacles is not less than 30cm.

[0026] A sliding groove 4 is opened along the height direction at the end of the column 8 away from the base 1. The groove is 10cm wide and 80cm long. A support member 3 is installed in the sliding groove 4. The support member 3 is made of 20mm thick steel plate and is 1.8m long. The two ends of the support member 3 are embedded in the sliding groove 4 to form a sliding fit, and the position can be adjusted along the height direction of the column 8. The support member 3 is parallel to the base 1. The two and the two columns 8 on both sides form an upward-opening slot 2. The width of the slot 2 is adapted to the thickness of the steel beam flange to limit the horizontal displacement of the steel beam.

[0027] Two hydraulic jacks 9 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the support component 3. The hydraulic jacks are model QF100 with a rated lifting capacity of 100kN. The bottom of the cylinder of the jack 9 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts, and the top of the piston rod is welded to the support component 3. The support component 3 is raised and lowered along the sliding groove 4 by the extension and retraction of the jack 9. The adjustment accuracy can reach ±1mm.

[0028] A cross-shaped reinforcing rib 10 is welded to the upper surface of the base 1. The reinforcing rib is made of 16mm thick steel plate. The reinforcing rib 10 and the base 1 form a grid structure to improve the overall rigidity. A diagonal brace 5 is welded at the connection between the column 8 and the base 1. One end of the diagonal brace 5 is welded to the side wall of the column 8, and the other end extends to the intersection of the reinforcing rib 10 and the base 1 and is welded to both at the same time to form a triangular stable structure. The angle between the diagonal brace 5 and the column 8 and the base 1 is 45° to ensure that the load is evenly transmitted.

[0029] Two lifting lugs 6 are welded to each end of the base 1 on the side adjacent to the column, for a total of four. The lifting lugs 6 are made of 30mm thick steel plate with a hole diameter of 50mm. The lifting lugs 6 are connected to movable connecting ropes 7, which are made of Φ16mm steel wire rope with a breaking tensile strength ≥200kN. The other end of the connecting rope 7 is connected to the hook 15 through a shackle. When lifting, the included angle between the two connecting ropes 7 is kept at 90°.

[0030] Two synchronously linked cranes 12, model QY25K5, with a rated lifting capacity of 25t, are installed on both sides of the base 1. The boom 13 of the crane 12 is directly above the lifting lug 6. The lifting rope 14 at the end of the boom 13 is connected to the hook 15. The consistency of the lifting action is achieved through the synchronous control of the crane 12.

[0031] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0032] Hoist the base 1 to a confined space, such as a narrow area with a clearance of 2m and a distance of 3m between the two side walls, and adjust the base 1 to a horizontal state using a level. According to the height requirements of the steel beam, start the hydraulic jack 9 and adjust the support 3 to the preset height, such as 11.2m away from the base, so that the slot 2 is aligned with the hoisting position of the steel beam.

[0033] Before hoisting, connect the connecting rope 7 to the lifting lug 6, ensuring that the included angle of the two connecting ropes 7 is 90°; extend the boom 13 of the crane 12 to directly above the lifting lug 6, and connect it to the connecting rope 7 through the lifting rope 14 and the hook 15.

[0034] After the lifting component 11 is lifted, it is slowly placed into the slot 2. The flange of the steel beam is embedded in the slot 2, at which time the slot 2 restricts the horizontal displacement of the steel beam.

[0035] Two cranes 12 are started to lift the steel beam simultaneously, and the booms 13 are raised and lowered at the same speed. Through the 90° angle design of the connecting ropes 7, the weight of the steel beam is evenly transferred to the four lifting lugs 6 to avoid localized stress concentration.

[0036] When the steel beam is close to the installation position, the height of the support component 3 is finely adjusted by the hydraulic jack 9 so that the bolt holes of the steel beam are aligned with the pre-embedded connectors. During the fine adjustment, the slot 2 continuously restricts the horizontal sway of the steel beam, and the diagonal brace 5 and the reinforcing rib 10 work together to resist the impact of hoisting and ensure the stability of the device.

[0037] After the steel beam is in place, it is fixed with temporary supports. The lifting rope 14 of the crane 12 is slowly released to transfer the weight of the steel beam to the installation node. The hydraulic jack 9 is turned off, and the support 3 is lowered back to the initial position to complete the hoisting operation.

[0038] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A confined space steel beam hoisting device, characterized in that: The device includes a base, with multiple columns vertically fixed at both ends. A support member is provided on one end of each column away from the base. The support member is movably connected to the column and is parallel to the base. The support member and the column form an upward-opening slot. Multiple lifting lugs are provided on the column and are distributed on the base and fixedly connected to it.

2. The confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the column away from the base is provided with a connecting groove, which is slidably connected to the support member.

3. The confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hydraulic jack is installed at the bottom of the support component. The hydraulic jack is fixed directly below the support component, with one end fixedly connected to the base and the other end fixedly connected to the support component.

4. The confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is equipped with reinforcing ribs welded onto it.

5. A confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A diagonal brace is provided between the column and the base, and the diagonal brace is welded to both the base and the column.

6. A confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the diagonal brace are set at an angle.

7. A confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The diagonal brace extends from one end near the base to the intersection of the reinforcing rib and the base, and is welded to the base and the reinforcing rib.

8. A confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are four lifting lugs, and two lugs are installed on the base adjacent to the column.

9. A confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting lug is equipped with a movable connecting rope, which forms an angle of 90 degrees when being lifted.

10. A confined space steel beam hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is equipped with cranes at both ends. The boom of the crane is located directly above the lifting lug. The lifting rope on the boom is connected to the connecting rope through the hook. The crane is set up in a synchronous linkage.

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