caisson excavator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of open caisson excavation equipment, disclose a kind of open caisson heading machine, including annular guide rail and blade foot heading machine installed on annular blade foot ring, blade foot heading machine includes rack, cutterhead assembly being arranged on rack and annular motion assembly, rack is movably installed in annular guide rail by annular motion assembly circumferentially, rack is located at the radial inner side of annular blade foot ring and with the center axis of annular blade foot ring keeps predetermined distance, to allow in the central region of annular blade foot ring conveying earthwork. Through the above technical scheme, blade foot heading machine digs earthwork below annular blade foot ring and radially outside annular blade foot ring by cutterhead assembly, and advances annularly inside annular blade foot ring by annular motion assembly, and earthwork in the central position of annular blade foot ring can be lifted by ground cable grab bucket or long arm excavator, overall structure is simple, low in cost, easy to operate, more suitable for the excavation of small and medium-sized open caisson.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of caisson excavation equipment technology, specifically to a caisson tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] A caisson tunneling machine is a specialized engineering instrument used for vertical shaft excavation and is applied to excavation work at various caisson excavation sites.

[0003] Most existing caisson tunneling machines adopt a four-wall support and center tunneling machine layout, which is large and has a complex support structure. It is not suitable for the excavation of small and medium-sized caissons. Furthermore, the center tunneling machine layout is not conducive to the lifting of the soil in the middle, and slurry is often used for muck removal, which makes construction difficult. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of existing technologies, such as the large size of the equipment, the complex support structure, the unsuitability for the excavation of small and medium-sized caissons, the unfavorable layout of the central tunneling machine for lifting the soil in the middle, the use of slurry for slag removal, and the high difficulty of construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a caisson tunneling machine, including an annular guide rail mounted on an annular cutting edge ring and a cutting edge tunneling machine. The cutting edge tunneling machine includes a frame, a cutterhead assembly mounted on the frame, and an annular motion assembly. The frame is circumferentially movably mounted on the annular guide rail via the annular motion assembly. The frame is located radially inside the annular cutting edge ring and maintains a predetermined distance from the central axis of the annular cutting edge ring to allow the transport of soil and rock in the central area of ​​the annular cutting edge ring.

[0006] In some embodiments, the annular guide rail includes a toothed rail, and the annular motion assembly includes a first drive member and a toothed disc meshing with the toothed rail. The first drive member is tractively connected to the toothed disc to drive the toothed disc to rotate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the annular guide rail includes an upper guide rail groove and a lower guide rail groove spaced apart in a vertical direction. The annular motion assembly also includes an upper anti-deviation roller and a lower anti-deviation roller with their central axes parallel to the central axis of the annular guide rail. The upper anti-deviation roller is located in the upper guide rail groove and is pressed radially inward against the side wall of the upper guide rail groove, while the lower anti-deviation roller is located in the lower guide rail groove and is pressed radially outward against the side wall of the lower guide rail groove.

[0008] In some embodiments, the annular motion assembly further includes a bearing roller disposed in the lower guide groove, the rolling surface of the bearing roller abutting against the inner bottom surface of the lower guide groove.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cutting foot tunneling machine further includes a lifting motion assembly, which includes a second drive member. The output end of the second drive member is tractively connected to the cutterhead assembly and is capable of driving the cutterhead assembly to move vertically relative to the frame.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lifting motion assembly further includes a second drive member mounting plate, which is disposed on the top of the frame and extends out of the frame. The second drive member is disposed above the extended portion of the second drive member mounting plate, and the output end of the second drive member passes through the second drive member mounting plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, a swinging component is provided between the frame and the cutter head assembly, the swinging component being capable of driving the cutter head assembly to swing relative to the frame within the radial range of the annular cutting foot ring.

[0012] In some embodiments, the oscillating assembly includes a rotating member and a third driving member. The rotating member is connected between the output end of the second driving member and the cutter head assembly, and is capable of rotating the cutter head assembly around the frame. The fixed end of the third driving member is connected to the rotating member, and the output end is rotatably connected to the cutter head assembly. The third driving member is capable of extending and retracting its output end to drive the cutter head assembly to rotate around the frame.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cutterhead assembly includes a cutterhead swing arm, a fourth drive member, and a cutting head member. The fourth drive member is mounted above the cutterhead swing arm, and the cutting head member is located below the cutterhead swing arm. The output end of the fourth drive member passes through the cutterhead swing arm and is connected to the cutting head member in a transmission manner to drive the cutting head member to rotate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fourth driving member and the excavator are respectively configured as two sets, and the two sets of excavator are driven by the two sets of fourth driving members to rotate in opposite directions.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the cutting-edge tunneling machine excavates soil and rock below and radially outside the annular cutting edge ring via the cutterhead assembly, and advances in a circular motion within the annular cutting edge ring via a circular motion component. Soil and rock at the center of the annular cutting edge ring can be lifted using a ground-mounted grab bucket or a long-arm excavator, or mud and water can be collected using various suction systems. Overall, the cutting-edge tunneling machine of this application has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy and convenient to operate, making it more suitable for excavating small and medium-sized caissons. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 It is a 3D view of a caisson tunneling machine;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the caisson construction.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the ring motion component and the ring guide rail;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a side view of the circular motion component and the circular guide rail;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a cutting-edge tunneling machine;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the rotating component;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a top view showing the cutter head assembly set up in two groups.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0024] 100. Circular guide rail; 110. Gear rail; 120. Upper guide rail groove; 130. Lower guide rail groove;

[0025] 200. Cutting foot tunneling machine; 210. Machine frame;

[0026] 220. Cutterhead assembly; 221. Cutterhead swing arm; 222. Fourth drive component; 223. Tunneling head component;

[0027] 230. Circular motion assembly; 231. First driving component; 232. Gear disc; 233. Bearing roller; 234. Upper anti-deviation roller; 235. Lower anti-deviation roller;

[0028] 240. Lifting motion assembly; 241. Second drive component; 242. Second drive component mounting plate;

[0029] 250. Swing assembly; 251. Rotating component; 2511. Housing; 2512. Rotating shaft; 2513. Bearing; 252. Third drive component; 253. Third drive component mounting arm; 254. Connecting component;

[0030] 300. Annular blade foot ring; 310. Embedded fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0033] To address the problems of existing caisson tunneling machines, which mostly employ a four-wall support, center-mounted layout, resulting in bulky equipment, complex support structures, unsuitability for excavating small to medium-sized caissons, and difficulties in lifting the central soil (requiring slurry removal and complex construction), this invention provides a caisson tunneling machine. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel boring machine includes an annular guide rail 100 installed inside the annular cutting edge ring 300 and a cutting edge tunneling machine 200. The cutting edge tunneling machine 200 includes a frame 210, a cutterhead assembly 220 mounted on the frame 210, and an annular motion assembly 230. The cutterhead assembly 220 is located at the bottom of the entire cutting edge tunneling machine 200, in contact with the ground and capable of excavating soil and rock. The frame 210 is located radially inside the annular cutting edge ring 300 and is circumferentially movably mounted on the annular guide rail 100 via the annular motion assembly 230, allowing the cutting edge tunneling machine 200 to move annularly along the inner side of the annular cutting edge ring 300. The frame 210 also maintains a predetermined distance from the central axis of the annular cutting edge ring 300, so that the entire cutting edge tunneling machine 200 is located near the annular cutting edge ring 300 without moving to the central area of ​​the annular cutting edge ring 300, allowing the excavated soil and rock to be transported outward from the central area. The cutterhead assembly 220 extends below the cutting foot of the annular cutting foot ring 300, enabling it to excavate soil and rock below the annular cutting foot ring 300 and radially inward from the annular cutting foot ring 300. Soil and rock in the central area of ​​the annular cutting foot ring 300 can be transported by ground-mounted cable grab bucket or long-arm excavator, or various suction systems can be used to collect mud and water, separating the tunneling and mud collection systems for more flexible construction.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, the soil and rock below the annular cutting edge ring and on the radially inner side of the annular cutting edge ring are excavated by a cutting edge tunneling machine that advances in an annular motion. The soil and rock in the central area of ​​the annular cutting edge ring can be lifted by a ground-mounted grab bucket or a long-arm excavator, or various suction systems can be used to collect mud and water, separating the tunneling and mud collection systems for more flexible construction. Overall, the cutting edge tunneling machine of this application has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy and convenient to operate, making it more suitable for excavating small and medium-sized caissons with a diameter of less than 10 meters.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the annular guide rail 100 is installed on the main body of the annular cutting edge ring 300 via a pre-embedded fixing member 310. The annular guide rail 100 includes a toothed rail 110, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the annular motion assembly 230 includes a first drive member 231 and a gear plate 232 that meshes with the gear rail 110. The first drive member 231 is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, which is connected to the gear plate 232 through a reducer to drive the gear plate 232 to rotate, so that the cutting foot tunneling machine 200 moves in annularly along the inner side of the annular cutting foot ring 300.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the annular guide rail 100 can also be configured to include an upper guide rail groove 120 and a lower guide rail groove 130 spaced apart in the vertical direction. The annular motion assembly 230 also includes an upper anti-deviation roller 234 and a lower anti-deviation roller 235 with their central axes parallel to the central axis of the annular guide rail 100. The upper anti-deviation roller 234 is located in the upper guide rail groove 120, and the lower anti-deviation roller 235 is located in the lower guide rail groove 130. For ease of installation, the width of the upper guide rail groove 120 and the lower guide rail groove 130 is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the upper anti-deviation roller 234 and the lower anti-deviation roller 235. Since the entire cutting foot tunneling machine 200 is suspended inside the annular cutting foot ring 300, under the action of gravity, the upper anti-deviation roller 234 is pressed radially inward against the side wall of the upper guide rail groove 120, and the lower anti-deviation roller 235 is pressed radially outward against the side wall of the lower guide rail groove 130. It is understandable that the upper guide rail groove 120, lower guide rail groove 130, upper anti-deviation roller 234, and lower anti-deviation roller 235 are also configured to enable the cutting-edge tunneling machine 200 to move circumferentially along the inner side of the annular cutting-edge ring 300. These can be configured individually to enable the cutting-edge tunneling machine 200 to move circumferentially, or they can be used as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it is set up simultaneously with the gear rail 110 and the gear disc 232 as an auxiliary component to improve the stability of the operation of the gear rail 110 and the gear disc 232.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the annular motion assembly 230 also includes a bearing roller 233 disposed in the lower guide rail groove 130. When the opening of the lower guide rail groove 130 faces upward, the rolling surface of the bearing roller 233 abuts against the inner bottom surface of the lower guide rail groove 130, further improving the stability of the annular movement of the cutting foot tunneling machine 200. By setting anti-deviation rollers, bearing rollers, and upper and lower guide rail grooves, the cutting foot tunneling machine 200 can be stably supported by only one-sided support, eliminating the need to set support components at other positions of the annular cutting foot ring 300 (such as setting support components on the radial opposite side of the annular cutting foot ring 300, and connecting the cutting foot tunneling machine 200 and the opposite support component through a connecting arm). The structure is simple and can leave the middle area of ​​the annular motion assembly 230 empty, facilitating operation.

[0038] In some embodiments, the cutting-edge tunneling machine 200 further includes a lifting motion assembly 240. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the lifting motion assembly 240 includes a second drive member 241, which is preferably a hydraulic cylinder, but can also be an electric cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc. The output end of the second drive member 241 is connected to the cutter head assembly 220 and can drive the cutter head assembly 220 to move vertically relative to the frame 210, thereby adjusting the height of the cutter head assembly 220 to adjust the digging depth.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lifting motion assembly 240 also includes a second drive member mounting plate 242, which is disposed on the top of the frame 210 and extends outside the frame 210. A second drive member 241 is disposed above the extended portion of the second drive member mounting plate 242, and its output end passes through the second drive member mounting plate 242, drivingly connected to the cutter head assembly 220. To prevent interference between components, the extended portion of the second drive member mounting plate 242 is preferably located on a different side of the frame 210 from the annular motion assembly 230. In other alternative embodiments, the frame 210 can be configured as a housing with an internal space, the second drive member 241 is disposed within the housing, and its output end extends outside the housing and is drivingly connected to the cutter head assembly 220.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, a swing component 250 is provided between the frame 210 and the cutterhead assembly 220. The swing component 250 can drive the cutterhead assembly 220 to swing relative to the frame 210 within the radial range of the annular cutting edge ring 300, so that the cutterhead assembly 220 can transport the excavated soil and rocks to the central area of ​​the annular cutting edge ring 300. This facilitates the transport of the soil and rocks excavated by the cutterhead assembly 220 along with the soil and rocks excavated in the central area, and also expands the excavation range of the cutterhead assembly 220.

[0041] In some embodiments, the swing assembly 250 includes a rotating member 251 and a third driving member 252. The rotating member 251 is connected between the output end of the second driving member 241 and the cutter head assembly 220, enabling the cutter head assembly 220 to rotate around the frame 210 while being driven to move up and down synchronously with the rotating member 251 by the second driving member 241. The fixed end of the third driving member 252 is connected to the rotating member 251, and its output end is rotatably connected to the cutter head assembly 220. The third driving member 252 is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder, which drives the cutter head assembly 220 to rotate around the frame 210 by extending and retracting its output end. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, since the cutterhead assembly 220 is located at the bottom of the entire cutting edge tunneling machine 200, a third drive member mounting arm 253 is installed on the side of the housing 2511 of the rotating component 251. A connecting member 254 is provided above the cutterhead assembly 220. A third drive member 252 is vertically positioned between the third drive member mounting arm 253 and the connecting member 254, and is fixedly connected to the third drive member mounting arm 253 and rotatably connected to the connecting member 254. Driven by the third drive member 252, the cutterhead assembly 220 rotates slightly around the frame 210, causing the cutterhead assembly 220 to swing relative to the frame 210 within the radial range of the annular cutting edge ring 300, thus gathering the soil and rock excavated by the cutterhead assembly 220 towards the central area of ​​the annular cutting edge ring 300.

[0042] In some embodiments, the structure of the rotating member 251 is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the rotating component 251 includes a housing 2511, a rotating shaft 2512, and a bearing 2513. The rotating shaft 2512 is rotatably connected to the inside of the housing 2511 via the bearing 2513, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 2512 is fixed to the cutter head assembly 220. Figure 6 In the given embodiment, the upper end of the housing 2511 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second drive component 241, so that when the rotating shaft 2512 rotates within the housing 2511, it rotates synchronously with the cutter head assembly 220 below it, while the components at the upper end of the housing 2511 remain relatively stationary. This arrangement also allows the lifting motion component 240 and the swing component 250 to simultaneously drive the cutter head assembly 220 to lift and rotate relative to the frame 210. Other rotating components commonly used in the mechanical field, such as rotary connectors, can also be used.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, in order to improve the stability of the lifting motion component 240 driving the cutter head assembly 220, guide rails parallel to the output end of the second driving component 241 are provided on both sides of the second driving component 241. The upper end of the guide rail is fixed to the second driving component mounting plate 242, and the lower end is fixed to the mounting plate below the frame 210. The rotating component 251 is provided with a mounting plate and is sleeved on the outside of the guide rail. When the output end of the second driving component 241 extends or retracts, the rotating component 251 slides along the length direction of the guide rail and drives the cutter head assembly 220 to rise or fall.

[0044] In some embodiments, the cutterhead assembly 220 includes a cutterhead swing arm 221, a fourth drive member 222, and a digging head member 223. The fourth drive member 222 is mounted above the cutterhead swing arm 221, and the digging head member 223 is located below the cutterhead swing arm 221 and in contact with the ground. The output end of the fourth drive member 222 passes through the cutterhead swing arm 221 and is connected to the digging head member 223 to drive the digging head member 223 to rotate. The fourth drive member 222 is preferably a hydraulic motor, but can also be an electric motor. The input end of the hydraulic motor is connected in sequence to a reducer and a drive gear. The drive gear meshes with a cutterhead rotating gear fixed above the digging head member 223. The cutterhead rotating gear is rotatably mounted on the cutterhead swing arm 221 through bearings or other components. The meshing of the cutterhead rotating gear and the drive gear transmits and amplifies the rotational torque, giving the digging head member 223 a large digging force to excavate the soil under the cutting edge into the central empty area. The digging head member 223 includes a digging head and a mounting frame. The digging head can be, for example, a... Figure 5 The steel boot-type cutting foot shown can also be used with a bucket or a star-shaped cutting head.

[0045] In some embodiments, the fourth drive member 222 and the head member 223 are respectively configured as two sets, and the two sets of head members 223 are driven by the two sets of fourth drive members 222 in opposite directions of rotation. The forces of the two sets cancel each other out, reducing the torsional force transmitted to the upper guide rail groove 120 and the lower guide rail groove 130, making the operation of the cutting foot tunneling machine 200 more stable. Specifically, as Figure 7 As shown, the rotating component 251 is configured as two parallel and spaced rotating shafts in the housing 2511, which are respectively connected to two sets of cutter head assemblies 220, or the rotating shaft 2512 is configured as a two-section type that rotates independently up and down, and is respectively connected to two sets of cutter head assemblies 220. The third driving component 252 and the third driving component mounting arm 253 are respectively arranged in two sets at intervals in the vertical direction, which respectively drive the two sets of cutter head assemblies 220 to rotate relative to the frame 210.

[0046] In some embodiments, multiple sets of cutting-foot tunneling machines 200 are installed on the annular cutting-foot ring 300 to operate simultaneously, thereby improving efficiency.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, including combinations of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A caisson excavator, characterized by, The device includes an annular guide rail (100) mounted on an annular cutting edge ring (300) and a cutting edge tunneling machine (200). The cutting edge tunneling machine (200) includes a frame (210), a cutterhead assembly (220) mounted on the frame (210), and an annular motion assembly (230). The frame (210) is circumferentially movably mounted on the annular guide rail (100) via the annular motion assembly (230). The frame (210) is located radially inside the annular cutting edge ring (300) and maintains a predetermined distance from the central axis of the annular cutting edge ring (300) to allow the transport of soil and rock in the central region of the annular cutting edge ring (300).

2. A caisson excavator according to claim 1, characterised in that, The annular guide rail (100) includes a toothed rail (110), and the annular motion assembly (230) includes a first drive member (231) and a toothed disc (232) meshing with the toothed rail (110). The first drive member (231) is throttle connected to the toothed disc (232) to drive the toothed disc (232) to rotate.

3. The caisson excavator of claim 1, wherein, The annular guide rail (100) includes an upper guide rail groove (120) and a lower guide rail groove (130) spaced apart in the vertical direction. The annular motion assembly (230) also includes an upper anti-deviation roller (234) and a lower anti-deviation roller (235) with their central axes parallel to the central axis of the annular guide rail (100). The upper anti-deviation roller (234) is located in the upper guide rail groove (120), and the lower anti-deviation roller (235) is located in the lower guide rail groove (130).

4. A caisson excavator according to claim 3, characterised in that, The ring motion assembly (230) also includes a bearing roller (233) disposed in the lower guide groove (130), the rolling surface of the bearing roller (233) abutting the inner bottom surface of the lower guide groove (130).

5. The caisson excavator of claim 1, wherein, The cutting foot tunneling machine (200) also includes a lifting motion assembly (240), which includes a second drive member (241). The output end of the second drive member (241) is connected to the cutterhead assembly (220) and can drive the cutterhead assembly (220) to move vertically relative to the frame (210).

6. A caisson excavator according to claim 5, characterised in that, The lifting motion assembly (240) further includes a second drive member mounting plate (242), which is located on the top of the frame (210) and extends out of the frame (210). The second drive member (241) is located above the extended portion of the second drive member mounting plate (242), and the output end of the second drive member (241) passes through the second drive member mounting plate (242).

7. The caisson excavator of claim 5, wherein, A swing assembly (250) is provided between the frame (210) and the cutter head assembly (220), the swing assembly (250) being able to drive the cutter head assembly (220) to swing relative to the frame (210) within the radial range of the annular cutting foot ring (300).

8. A caisson excavator according to claim 7, characterised in that, The swing assembly (250) includes a rotating member (251) and a third driving member (252). The rotating member (251) is connected between the output end of the second driving member (241) and the cutter head assembly (220), and enables the cutter head assembly (220) to rotate around the frame (210). The fixed end of the third driving member (252) is connected to the rotating member (251), and the output end is rotatably connected to the cutter head assembly (220). The third driving member (252) can extend and retract its output end to drive the cutter head assembly (220) to rotate around the frame (210).

9. The caisson boring machine of claim 1, wherein, The cutterhead assembly (220) includes a cutterhead swing arm (221), a fourth drive member (222), and a digging head member (223). The fourth drive member (222) is mounted above the cutterhead swing arm (221), and the digging head member (223) is located below the cutterhead swing arm (221). The output end of the fourth drive member (222) passes through the cutterhead swing arm (221) and is connected to the digging head member (223) to drive the digging head member (223) to rotate.

10. A caisson excavator according to claim 9, characterised in that, The fourth driving member (222) and the excavator (223) are respectively configured as two groups, and the two groups of excavator (223) are driven by the two groups of fourth driving members (222) in opposite directions.

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