An underwater compressed air energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underwater compressed air energy storage device, this device has adopted the structure of annular gas holder, and the gas holder is nested with multiple layers of gas storage bag and is additionally installed with multiple baffle plates, divides the whole gas holder into multiple gas storage units, when the device is damaged in a small part of gas storage unit, the device still can play the function of gas storage, increases the reliability of device. In addition, the device has an intelligent control system, which can select part of the unit to inflate or deflate according to the specific needs of the energy storage power station, which helps to realize efficient energy scheduling. The valve that connects multiple gas storage units in the device is only composed of three valve pieces, which has a simple structure and a simple operation mode, which helps to ensure efficient and stable continuous operation of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underwater compressed air energy storage technology, and specifically relates to an underwater compressed air energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology has become one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies after pumped hydro storage due to its advantages of large storage capacity, long storage period, and relatively low operation and maintenance costs. Among various CAES technologies, underwater compressed air energy storage (UCAES), as an important branch, has the greatest development potential. Gas storage devices using UCAES technology place the gas storage container underwater, utilizing the pressure created by the water depth to increase the pressure limit that the gas storage container can withstand, thereby improving the energy storage capacity and the energy conversion efficiency of the inflation and deflation processes. Furthermore, because the gas storage container is placed underwater, UCAES technology significantly reduces the overall footprint of the device, allowing it to adapt to more diverse terrain environments and facilitating its widespread adoption.

[0003] However, existing gas storage devices using UCAES technology still have many shortcomings. Firstly, in terms of reliability, existing devices mostly employ a single gas storage space design. When the gas storage tank is damaged due to material fatigue, external impact, or other factors, the entire device often loses function and becomes paralyzed. Secondly, limited by the design of a single gas storage unit, existing devices lack intelligent hierarchical control mechanisms during the charging and discharging process, making it difficult to flexibly adjust gas storage and discharging strategies according to actual operating conditions such as grid load demand and electricity price fluctuations. This lack of control strategy prevents the system from achieving optimal energy dispatch, weakening the overall operating efficiency and economy of the device. These problems not only reduce the practicality of the device but also significantly increase maintenance costs, becoming a major factor restricting the commercialization of UCAES technology. Therefore, developing gas storage devices with higher efficiency and greater reliability has become a key factor in promoting the development and promotion of UCAES technology and this type of device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underwater compressed air energy storage device. This device has multiple air storage units and an intelligent control system that can select to fill or release some air storage units according to the needs of the energy storage power station. This not only achieves optimal energy scheduling but also increases the reliability of the device.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An underwater compressed air energy storage device includes a main body, an air storage container, and connectors. The main body includes a main pipe, which is a rigid pipe. Its upper end is connected to the surface pipeline of the energy storage power station, and its lower end is closed. The air storage container is annular and sleeved on the main pipe. The air storage container is composed of multiple air storage bags, all of which are also annular.

[0007] The gas storage container contains n gas storage bags, where n ≥ 2 and n is an integer. These gas storage bags are numbered sequentially, with the sequence number of any gas storage bag denoted as i, where 1 ≤ i ≤ n and i is an integer. For any two adjacent gas storage bags, the i-th gas storage bag is nested within the (i-1)-th gas storage bag. The annular tubular space enclosed by the i-th and (i-1)-th gas storage bags is called the i-th layer of gas storage space, and the annular space enclosed by the 1-th gas storage bag is called the 1-th layer of gas storage space. Each gas storage bag has a connection port, with the connection port on the i-th gas storage bag called the i-th connection port. A main connection port is provided on the wall of the main pipe. The connector is a through pipe, allowing the i-th layer of gas storage space to communicate with the connector through the i-th connection port, and the main pipe to communicate with the connector through the main connection port. All gas storage spaces can communicate with the main pipe through the connectors. Each gas storage space has a corresponding valve, which controls whether the gas storage space is connected to the main pipe, and the valve is powered by a motor.

[0008] The device has a control system, which includes pressure sensors, a controller, and motors. All gas storage spaces are numbered, and each space contains a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure within that space; each pressure sensor has a unique number. A pressure sensor, called the main pressure sensor, is also installed in the main pipe to monitor the pressure within the main pipe. All pressure sensors are connected to the controller and upload the monitored pressure values ​​to the controller in real time. The controller is connected to all motors, each with a unique number. The controller is also connected to the energy storage power station control terminal. Based on the status commands sent by the energy storage power station control terminal, and combined with the current pressure values ​​of all gas storage spaces and the main pipe, the controller sends command signals to the corresponding motors.

[0009] In existing technologies, most underwater compressed air energy storage devices adopt a single air storage unit design, and the air storage unit is made of rigid materials, making the device prone to failure due to damage to the air storage unit. In the device of this invention, the air storage container is divided into multiple air storage units. Even if one or more units are damaged, the device can still continue to perform its air storage function using the remaining units. The control system in the device can determine which units are available based on the pressure within each unit, exhibiting a certain degree of intelligence and contributing to efficient and rapid energy dispatch.

[0010] Further optimization involves one or more i-th connection ports, all located on the inner edge of the gas storage tank, with a fixed number of i-th connection ports within the same gas storage container. The connectors consist of multiple connecting pipes, the number of which equals the number of gas storage tanks in the connected gas storage containers. Each connecting pipe corresponds to one gas storage tank, and the connecting pipe and its corresponding gas storage tank share the same serial number. For any two adjacent connecting pipes, the i-th connecting pipe is fitted onto the (i-1)-th connecting pipe. One end of the i-th connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the i-th connection port, and the n connecting pipes are respectively connected to the corresponding n-layer gas storage spaces. The total number of connection ports is one or more, and the device includes m storage tanks. The gas storage container has m≥1 and m is an integer. The total connection ports are divided into m layers. The total connection ports of the same layer are located at the same depth underwater. All gas storage containers are numbered sequentially. The total connection port of each layer has the same number as the nearest gas storage container. The serial number of any gas storage container is represented as j, 1≤j≤m and j is an integer. Then the number of total connection ports in the j-th layer is the same as the number of i-th connection ports in the j-th gas storage container. All connecting pipes are connected to the main pipe through the end that is not connected to the gas storage bag. The number of connectors connected to the j-th gas storage container is the same as the number of i-th connection ports in that gas storage container. The connectors are made of rigid material and the relative position of the connectors to the main pipe is fixed.

[0011] When multiple gas storage spaces need to be connected to the main pipe, the nested connectors described above offer a simpler structure compared to connecting each gas storage space individually to the main pipe, simplifying the production, installation, and maintenance of the device. Furthermore, the connectors are made of rigid materials, and the nested structure enhances the overall structural strength of the device, increasing its reliability and service life.

[0012] Further optimization involves installing the valve controlling the connection between the gas storage space and the main pipe at the main connection port. All connecting pipes, except those connected to the gas storage tank, are fixedly connected to the valve at their ends, and all connecting pipes are connected to the valve. Each main connection port is equipped with a housing, within which the valve is housed. The housing is fixedly connected to the valve and the main pipe. The motor is also housed within the housing, and its outer casing is fixedly mounted relative to the housing. Installing the valve within the connector may weaken its structural strength; installing it at the connection between the connector and the main pipe, combined with the fixing effect of the housing, makes the device structure more robust.

[0013] Further optimization involves the valve comprising two fixed valve plates and one opening / closing valve plate. Both the fixed and opening / closing valve plates are flat plates. The fixed valve plates have multiple vent holes and one mounting hole, with the mounting hole extending along the thickness direction of the fixed valve plate. The opening / closing valve plate has multiple connecting holes and one through hole, with the through hole extending along the thickness direction of the opening / closing valve plate. The two fixed valve plates are referred to as the first valve plate and the second valve plate, respectively. The first valve plate is embedded in the main connection port and sealed to the main pipe. The second valve plate is fixedly connected to the connector, with its outer edge connected to the housing. The connection point between the i-th connecting pipe and the second valve plate in the connector is denoted as the i-th connection point. All connections are annular, with vent holes distributed between adjacent connections. Vent holes are also distributed within the area enclosed by the first connection point.

[0014] The opening and closing valve plate is sandwiched between two fixed valve plates and can rotate relative to the fixed valve plates. The two sides of the opening and closing valve plate are dynamically sealed to the corresponding sides of the first and second valve plates, respectively. The through hole is connected to both mounting holes. The valve also includes a connecting shaft, which consists of a connecting rod in the middle and limiting blocks at both ends. The connecting rod is inserted into the two mounting holes and the through hole. The two limiting blocks abut against the first and second valve plates, respectively. Both the fixed valve plates and the opening and closing valve plate can rotate relative to the connecting shaft but cannot move. The motor can drive the opening and closing valve plate to rotate at a certain angle. By connecting the vent holes in the two fixed valve plates to the same connecting hole, the i-th layer of gas storage space is connected to the main pipe. At the same time, the other layers of gas storage space are not connected to the main pipe. The motor can also drive the opening and closing valve plate to rotate at another angle, so that all gas storage spaces are not connected to the main pipe.

[0015] The valve structure described above is very simple, ensuring that only one layer of the gas storage space is connected to the main pipe during long-term use, which helps increase the reliability of the device. Furthermore, the valve's actuation mechanism is also very simple; simply rotating the valve disc to its corresponding position achieves the desired function, making the device's operation simple and efficient.

[0016] Further optimization involves extending the vents along the thickness of the fixed valve plate. Vents within a certain distance from the mounting hole are grouped into the same layer. Vents within the same layer can only communicate with one layer of gas storage space. The vent that communicates with the i-th layer of gas storage space is designated as the i-th layer vent. All vents are not only arranged in a ring array around the mounting hole but also radially distributed with the mounting hole as the center. The distribution of vents on both fixed valve plates is identical. The through holes extend along the thickness of the opening / closing valve plate. Connecting holes within a certain distance from the through holes are grouped into the same layer. Connecting pipes within the same layer communicate with only one layer of gas storage space. The connecting hole that communicates with the i-th layer of gas storage space is designated as the i-th layer connecting hole. All connecting holes are arranged in a ring array around the through holes, not radially. When the opening / closing valve plate rotates to a certain position, the vents in the i-th layer can communicate with the corresponding connecting holes in the i-th layer. The design of connecting the air vents and connection holes of a certain layer to the main pipe makes the overall structure of the valve simpler and more efficient.

[0017] Further optimization involves a circular valve disc with teeth machined along its outer edge. A gear is also housed within the housing, and the motor shaft is inserted into the central hole of this gear and fixedly connected to it. This gear meshes with the teeth on the outer edge of the valve disc. This gear meshing provides a simple yet powerful transmission mechanism suitable for opening and closing valves.

[0018] Further optimization involves including a partition in the gas storage container, and having multiple i-th connection ports. The partition is located inside the gas storage container and can completely isolate one or more layers of gas storage space. Each segment of the multiple enclosed spaces into which the gas storage space is divided is considered a unit, each unit has a unique number, and each unit can be connected to the main pipe via a connector. Each unit is equipped with a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure within its unit, and the pressure sensor number is the same as the unit's number. With the partition, the gas storage container can be divided into more units, thus further increasing the reliability of the device in the event of container damage.

[0019] Further optimization involves installing a base at the lower end of the main pipe. When the device is in its installed position, the weight of the base is greater than the buoyancy of the entire device. Because the gas storage container experiences significant buoyancy underwater, the entire device needs to be fixed to the bottom in some way to function stably. Adding a base to the device is more beneficial than directly fixing it to the bottom, as it helps maintain the device's flexibility and reduces the difficulty of maintenance and repair.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model device are as follows:

[0021] 1. The gas storage device of this utility model has multiple gas storage units, and can still perform the gas storage function normally even if some units are damaged, thus increasing the reliability of the device;

[0022] 2. The device has a control system that can select to charge or de-charge some units according to the specific needs of the energy storage power station, which is conducive to achieving optimal energy dispatch.

[0023] 3. The valve structure in the gas storage device of this utility model is simple and the operation process is also very simple, which is conducive to achieving stable and efficient operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 Diagram showing the circumferential cross-sectional structure of the gas storage container when the pressure is sufficient;

[0025] Figure 2 Diagram showing the cross-sectional structure distribution of the connector across the central axis when pressure is sufficient;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a partial structure of the main pipe across the central axis;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an underwater compressed air energy storage and gas storage device;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fixed valve plate shape;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the shape of the opening and closing valve plate;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connecting shaft shape;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of fixed valve plates and opening / closing valve plates in a valve.

[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the valve installed in the connector. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] An underwater compressed air energy storage device includes a main body 1, air storage containers 2, and connecting parts 3. The main body 1 includes a main pipe 12, which is a straight pipe with its central axis running vertically. Its upper end is connected to the surface pipeline of the energy storage power station, and its lower end is fixedly connected to a base 11. The base 11 is disc-shaped and collinear with the central axis of the main pipe 12. Four air storage containers 2 are mounted on the main pipe 12. The air storage containers 2 are annular and consist of a first air storage tank 21, a second air storage tank 22, a third air storage tank 23, and four partitions. The three air storage tanks are also annular. The second air storage tank 22 is mounted on the first air storage tank 21, and the third air storage tank 23 is mounted on the second air storage tank 22. The first air storage tank 21 has four first connection ports on its inner edge, the second air storage tank 22 has four second connection ports on its inner edge, and the third air storage tank 23 has four third connection ports on its inner edge. All three types of connection ports are circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the main pipe 12. The connector 3 consists of a first connecting pipe 31, a second connecting pipe 32, and a third connecting pipe 33. The second connecting pipe 32 is sleeved on the first connecting pipe 31, and the third connecting pipe 33 is sleeved on the second connecting pipe 32. One end of the first connecting pipe 31, the second connecting pipe 32, and the third connecting pipe 33 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer edge of the first, second, and third connecting ports. The annular space enclosed by the first gas storage tank 21 is called the first layer of gas storage space. The annular tubular space enclosed by the first gas storage tank 21 and the second gas storage tank 22 is called the second layer of gas storage space. The annular tubular space enclosed by the second gas storage tank 22 and the third gas storage tank 23 is called the third layer of gas storage space. The three connecting pipes are respectively connected to the corresponding three layers of gas storage space.

[0035] In gas storage container 2, the central axis of all gas storage tanks is collinear with the main pipe 12. Connector 3 and main pipe 12 are made of stainless steel. All three connecting pipes are straight, and their central axes are collinear. Any cross-section of gas storage container 2 that does not intersect with the connection port in the circumferential direction is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the cross-sections of the three gas storage tanks are concentric, and the cross-section of connector 3 passing through its central axis is shown below. Figure 2 As shown. The four partitions are all circular plates and are circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the gas storage container 2. Each partition can completely separate the three layers of gas storage space, thus each gas storage container 2 contains 12 enclosed spaces. The main pipe 12 has 16 main connection ports on its wall, arranged in four layers of four ports each. The connection ports in each layer are circumferentially distributed around the central axis of the main pipe 12. The cross-section of the main pipe 12 through its central axis is shown below. Figure 3 As shown. Each main connection port is equipped with a valve. The ends of the three connecting pipes in the same connector 3 that are not connected to the gas storage container 2 are all fixedly connected to the valve, and all three connecting pipes are in communication with the valve. Each main connection port is also equipped with a housing 4, in which the valve is housed. The housing 4 is also made of stainless steel. The housing 4 is fixedly connected to the corresponding valve and the main pipe 12. Four connectors 3 are installed between each gas storage container 2 and the main pipe 12. The overall structure of the device is as follows. Figure 4 As shown.

[0036] The valve includes two fixed valve plates 41 and an opening / closing valve plate 42. Both the fixed valve plates 41 and the opening / closing valve plate 42 are circular plates. The fixed valve plate 41 has 18 vent holes and 1 mounting hole. The central axis of the mounting hole is collinear with the central axis of the fixed valve plate 41. The central axes of all vent holes are parallel to the central axis of the fixed valve plate 41. The 18 vent holes are of equal diameter and are arranged in three layers, with 6 vent holes in each layer. The vent holes in the same layer are equidistant from the mounting hole. The first layer is closest to the mounting hole, followed by the second and third layers outwards. All vent holes are not only arranged in a circular array around the mounting hole but also radially distributed with the mounting hole as the center. The distribution of the mounting holes on the two fixed valve plates 41 is the same. The fixed valve plate 41 has the following shape: Figure 5 As shown. The opening / closing valve plate 42 has 18 connecting holes and 1 through hole. Gear teeth are machined along the outer edge of the valve plate 42, distributed circumferentially along its central axis. The central axis of the through hole is collinear with the central axis of the valve plate 42. The central axes of all connecting holes are parallel to the central axis of the valve plate 42. The 18 connecting holes are of equal diameter and arranged in three layers of 6 holes each. The distance between the connecting holes and the through hole within the same layer is equal. The first layer is closest to the central axis of the valve plate 42, followed by the second and third layers outwards. All connecting holes are arranged in a ring array around the through hole and spirally distributed around the through hole. The shape of the valve plate is as follows. Figure 6 As shown. The connecting hole has the same diameter as the vent hole, and the mounting hole has the same diameter as the through hole.

[0037] The valve also includes a connecting shaft 44, which consists of a connecting rod in the middle and limiting blocks at both ends. The connecting rod and the limiting blocks are cylindrical, and their central axes are collinear. The connecting shaft 44 has the following shape... Figure 7 As shown. The arrangement of the fixed valve plate 41 and the opening / closing valve plate 42 in the valve is as follows. Figure 8 As shown, the opening / closing valve plate 42 is sandwiched between two fixed valve plates 41, and the mounting hole and the central axis of the through hole are collinear. The two fixed valve plates 41 are identical in shape and size, and the two sides of the opening / closing valve plate 42 are dynamically sealed to the corresponding sides of the two fixed valve plates 41. Both mounting holes and the through hole are fitted onto the connecting rod. The diameter of the mounting hole is smaller than the diameter of the limiting block. The two limiting blocks abut against the fixed valve plates 41 on both sides. Both the fixed valve plates 41 and the opening / closing valve plate 42 can rotate relative to the connecting shaft 44 but cannot move. The structure of the valve installed in the connecting member 3 is as follows. Figure 9As shown. The two fixed valve plates 41 are referred to as the first valve plate and the second valve plate, respectively. The first valve plate is embedded in the main connection port and sealed to the main pipe 12. The second valve plate is fixedly connected to the connector 3, and its outer edge is fixedly connected to the housing 4. For any vent hole on the first valve plate, there is a vent hole on the second valve plate that is collinear with its central axis. The connection points of the first connecting pipe 31, the second connecting pipe 32, and the third connecting pipe 33 with the second valve plate are respectively denoted as the first connection point, the second connection point, and the third connection point. All connections are annular. The first-layer vent hole and the second-layer vent hole are located on both sides of the first connection point, the second-layer vent hole and the third-layer vent hole are located on both sides of the second connection point, and the third-layer vent hole and the edge of the valve plate are located on both sides of the third connection point.

[0038] The housing 4 is a sealed housing. The motor 43 is housed within the housing 4, and the outer casing of the motor 43 is fixedly connected to the housing 4. A gear is also housed within the housing 4. The shaft of the motor 43 is inserted into the central hole of the gear and fixedly connected to the gear. The gear meshes with the outer edge teeth of the opening and closing valve plate 42. There are three types of positions between the two fixed valve plates 41 and the opening and closing valve plate 42. When the opening and closing valve plate 42 rotates to the first type of position, the first layer connection hole communicates with the first layer vent hole, and the other connection holes do not communicate with the vent hole. When the opening and closing valve plate 42 rotates to the second type of position, the second layer connection hole communicates with the second layer vent hole, and the other connection holes do not communicate with the vent hole. When the opening and closing valve plate 42 rotates to the third type of position, the third layer connection hole communicates with the third layer vent hole, and the other connection holes do not communicate with the vent hole. When the opening and closing valve plate 42 rotates to any position other than the third type of position, all connection holes do not communicate with the vent hole.

[0039] This utility model device includes a control system, which comprises pressure sensors, a controller, and motors 43. First, the gas storage containers 2 are numbered sequentially from top to bottom. Then, from a top-down perspective, the four segments of the gas storage space divided by partitions are numbered sequentially in clockwise order. Each enclosed space in the gas storage container 2 is considered a unit, and each unit corresponds to a unique number. The number of any unit can be represented as ijk, where i is the layer number of the gas storage space in which the unit is located, j is the sequence number of the gas storage container 2 in which the unit is located, and k is the sequence number of the segment in which the unit is located. A pressure sensor is installed in each unit away from the connection port to monitor the pressure within that unit. The pressure sensor's number is the same as the number of its unit. A pressure sensor, called the total pressure sensor, is also installed in the main pipe 12 away from each main connection port to monitor the pressure within the main pipe 12. All pressure sensors are connected to the controller and upload the monitored pressure values ​​to the controller in real time. The controller is also connected to all motors 43, and each motor 43 also corresponds to a unique number, represented as jk. The system can control the device to be in three states: inflation, deflation, and storage. The controller is also connected to the control terminal of the energy storage power station. The controller will control the device to be in the corresponding state according to the status instructions sent by the control terminal of the energy storage power station.

[0040] Upon receiving a charging or decommissioning command, the controller compares the current pressure value in each unit with the pressure value in the main pipe 12. The controller also records the azimuth angle of each motor 43's shaft at the current moment, i.e., the position of the opening / closing valve 42 relative to the two fixed valve plates 41. When the device is charging, the controller identifies units with pressure values ​​lower than those in the main pipe 12 and marks them as usable units. Based on the unit's number, it determines the motor 43 that can control the connection between that unit and the main pipe 12, and sends a command signal to that motor 43 based on its current shaft azimuth angle, causing the opening / closing valve 42 to rotate to the corresponding position, thus connecting the unit to the main pipe 12. When the pressure value in the unit equals the pressure value in the main pipe 12, the controller removes the usable mark from that unit and then sends a command signal to the corresponding motor 43, causing the opening / closing valve 42 to rotate to another position. When there are no usable units left, the controller automatically puts the device into storage mode and sends a termination signal to the energy storage power station control terminal. When the device is in the venting state, the controller will identify units with pressure values ​​higher than those in the main pipe 12 and mark them as usable units; the subsequent process is the same as above. When the device is in the storage state, all units are not connected to the main pipe 12.

[0041] When a pressure sensor in a unit detects a continuous drop in pressure even when that unit is not connected to the main pipe 12, the controller will mark that unit as a leaking unit and stop using its gas storage function. When the pressure sensors in two adjacent units detect a synchronous rise or fall in pressure, and the pressures in both units are the same during storage, the controller will treat these two units as a single unit.

[0042] It is understandable that the number of gas storage containers 2 in the device can be any number other than four, the number of gas storage bags in gas storage containers 2 can be any number other than three, and the number of segments in gas storage containers 2 can be any number other than four, or no segments at all.

[0043] It is understood that the connector 3 may also be in other forms than those described in Embodiment 1, as long as all units can be connected to the main pipe 12.

[0044] It is understood that the valve can also be in other forms than those described in Embodiment 1, as long as it can control the opening and closing of different units in the gas storage container 2 and the main pipe 12. The valve, motor 43, and housing 4 can also be located in other positions in the device.

[0045] Understandably, the base 11 can also be omitted, and the entire device can be directly fixed to the bottom of the water.

Claims

1. An underwater compressed air energy storage device, characterized by: The device comprises a main body (1), a gas storage container (2) and a connecting piece (3); the main body (1) comprises a main pipe (12), which is a rigid pipe, the upper end of which is communicated with the ground pipe of the energy storage power station, and the lower end of which is closed; the gas storage container (2) is annular and is sleeved on the main pipe (12), and the gas storage container (2) is composed of a plurality of gas storage bags, all of which are also annular; The gas storage container (2) contains n gas storage bags, n≥2 and n is an integer, and the gas storage bags are numbered in sequence, wherein the serial number of any gas storage bag is i, 1≤i≤n and i is an integer, and for any two adjacent gas storage bags, the i-th gas storage bag is sleeved on the i-1-th gas storage bag; The annular tubular space enclosed by the i-th gas storage bag and the i-1-th gas storage bag is referred to as the i-th layer of gas storage space, and the annular space enclosed by the first gas storage bag is referred to as the first layer of gas storage space; a connecting port is formed on each gas storage bag, the connecting port formed on the i-th gas storage bag is referred to as the i-th connecting port, and a total connecting port is formed on the wall of the main pipe (12); the connecting piece (3) is a through pipe, the i-th layer of gas storage space can be communicated with the connecting piece (3) through the i-th connecting port, the main pipe (12) can be communicated with the connecting piece (3) through the total connecting port, and all gas storage spaces can be communicated with the main pipe (12) through the connecting piece (3); each gas storage space has a corresponding valve, which can control whether the gas storage space is communicated with the main pipe (12), and the valve is power-connected with the motor (43); The device has a control system, which comprises a pressure sensor, a controller and a motor (43); all gas storage spaces are numbered, and each gas storage space has a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the gas storage space, and each pressure sensor has a unique number; a total pressure sensor is also installed in the main pipe (12) for monitoring the pressure in the main pipe (12), all pressure sensors are signal-connected with the controller and upload the monitored pressure values to the controller in real time; the controller is signal-connected with all motors (43), and each motor (43) has a unique number; the controller is also signal-connected with the control end of the energy storage power station, and the controller sends instruction signals to the corresponding motors (43) according to the state instructions sent by the control end of the energy storage power station and in combination with the pressure values of all gas storage spaces and the main pipe (12) at the current time.

2. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The number of the i-th connection port is one or more, and all connection ports are opened on the inner edge of the gas storage bag. The number of the i-th connection ports in the same gas storage container (2) is a fixed value. The connector (3) is composed of multiple connecting pipes. The number of connecting pipes is equal to the number of gas storage bags in the gas storage container (2) connected to it. Each connecting pipe corresponds to a gas storage bag. The connecting pipe and the corresponding gas storage bag have the same serial number. For any two adjacent connecting pipes, there is an i-th connecting pipe sleeved on the (i-1)-th connecting pipe. One end of the i-th connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the i-th connection port. The n connecting pipes are respectively connected to the corresponding n-layer gas storage space. The total number of connection ports is one or more. The device includes m gas storage containers (2), where m ≥ 1 and m is an integer. The interface is divided into m layers. The main connection ports of the same layer are located at the same depth underwater. All gas storage containers (2) are numbered sequentially. The main connection port of each layer has the same number as the nearest gas storage container (2). The serial number of any gas storage container (2) is represented as j, 1≤j≤m and j is an integer. Then the number of main connection ports in the j-th layer is the same as the number of i-th connection ports in the j-th gas storage container (2). All connecting pipes are connected to the main pipe (12) through the end that is not connected to the gas storage bag. The number of connecting parts (3) connected to the j-th gas storage container (2) is the same as the number of i-th connection ports in that gas storage container (2). The connecting parts (3) are made of rigid material and the relative position of the connecting parts (3) and the main pipe (12) is fixed.

3. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: A valve controlling the connection between the gas storage space and the main pipe (12) is installed on the main connection port. The end of all connecting pipes that are not connected to the gas storage bag is fixedly connected to the valve and all connecting pipes are connected to the valve. A housing (4) is installed on each main connection port. The valve is housed in the housing (4). The housing (4) is fixedly connected to the valve and the main pipe (12). The motor (43) is also housed in the housing (4), and the outer shell of the motor (43) is fixedly installed relative to the housing (4).

4. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The valve includes two fixed valve plates (41) and one opening / closing valve plate (42). Both the fixed valve plate (41) and the opening / closing valve plate (42) are flat plates. The fixed valve plate (41) has multiple vent holes and one mounting hole. The mounting hole extends along the thickness direction of the fixed valve plate (41). The opening / closing valve plate (42) has multiple connecting holes and one through hole. The through hole extends along the thickness direction of the opening / closing valve plate (42). The two fixed valve plates (41) are respectively called the first valve plate and the second valve plate. The first valve plate is embedded in the main connection port and sealed to the main pipe (12). The second valve plate is fixedly connected to the connector (3) and its outer edge is connected to the shell (4). The connection point between the i-th connecting pipe and the second valve plate in the connector (3) is called the i-th connection point. All connections are annular. Vent holes are distributed between two adjacent connections. Vent holes are also distributed within the area enclosed by the first connection point. The opening and closing valve plate (42) is sandwiched between two fixed valve plates (41) and can rotate relative to the fixed valve plates (41). The two sides of the opening and closing valve plate (42) are dynamically sealed to the corresponding sides of the first valve plate and the second valve plate, respectively. The through hole is connected to both mounting holes. The valve also includes a connecting shaft (44), which consists of a connecting rod in the middle and limiting blocks at both ends. The connecting rod is inserted into the two mounting holes and the through hole. The two limiting blocks abut against the first valve plate and the second valve plate, respectively. Both the plate (41) and the opening and closing valve plate (42) can rotate relative to the connecting shaft (44) but cannot move; the motor (43) can drive the opening and closing valve plate (42) to rotate at a certain angle, so that the air holes in the two fixed valve plates (41) are connected to the same connecting hole to realize the connection between the i-th layer of gas storage space and the main pipe (12), while the other layers of gas storage space are not connected to the main pipe (12). The motor (43) can also drive the opening and closing valve plate (42) to rotate at another angle so that all gas storage spaces are not connected to the main pipe (12).

5. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The vents extend along the thickness of the fixed valve plate (41). Vents within a certain distance from the mounting hole are divided into the same layer. Vents in the same layer can only communicate with one layer of gas storage space. The vent that can communicate with the i-th layer of gas storage space is called the i-th layer vent. All vents are not only arranged in a ring array around the mounting hole, but also radially distributed with the mounting hole as the center. The distribution of vents on the two fixed valve plates (41) is the same. The through hole extends along the thickness direction of the opening and closing valve plate (42). According to the distance between them, the corresponding connecting holes within a certain distance range are divided into the same layer. The connecting pipe in the same layer is only connected to one layer of gas storage space. The connecting hole connected to the i-th layer of gas storage space is recorded as the i-th layer connecting hole. All connecting holes are arranged in a ring array around the through hole, rather than radially; when the opening and closing valve plate (42) rotates to a certain position, the vent hole of the i-th layer can be connected to the connecting hole of the i-th layer.

6. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The opening and closing valve plate (42) is circular and has teeth machined on its outer edge. A gear is also housed in the housing (4). The motor shaft (43) is inserted into the center hole of the gear and is fixedly connected to the gear. The gear meshes with the teeth on the outer edge of the opening and closing valve plate (42).

7. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The gas storage container (2) includes a partition, and the number of the i-th connection port in the gas storage container (2) is multiple. The partition is located inside the gas storage container (2) and can completely separate one or more layers of gas storage space. Each segment of the multiple closed spaces into which the gas storage space is divided is regarded as a unit. Each unit corresponds to a unique number, and each unit can be connected to the main pipe (12) through the connector (3). Each unit is equipped with a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure in the unit. The pressure sensor number is the same as the unit number.

8. An underwater compressed air energy storage device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: The lower end of the main pipe (12) is fixedly equipped with a base (11). When the device is in the installation position, the weight of the base (11) is greater than the buoyancy of the entire device.

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