A photovoltaic module circuit, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system
By using a series-parallel-parallel photovoltaic module circuit structure and ultra-thin solder ribbon, the cost and reliability issues caused by multiple jumpers are solved, achieving a high-efficiency, low-cost photovoltaic module design and improving module reliability and power generation efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YINGLI ENERGY DEV CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
In existing photovoltaic module circuits, the use of multiple jumpers increases material costs and soldering complexity, raises the risk of poor soldering, and affects module reliability and power loss.
The photovoltaic module adopts a series-parallel-parallel circuit structure, using a jumper wire to connect four battery strings. Combined with ultra-thin solder strips and shingled structure, it reduces the risk of solder joints and poor soldering, and improves reliability.
It reduces material costs, improves the reliability and power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules, reduces power loss, and meets the development needs of high-power photovoltaic modules.
Smart Images
Figure CN224319799U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module circuit, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Technology
[0002] Solar cells are thin photovoltaic semiconductor wafers that generate electricity directly from sunlight. Multiple solar cells are connected in series or parallel and tightly packaged to form a photovoltaic module, which then converts light energy into electrical energy to provide power for subsequent electrical equipment.
[0003] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module circuit in the prior art. Given a limited photovoltaic panel size, the circuit employs a parallel-series-parallel structure: two battery strings are connected in parallel, multiple parallel battery strings are connected in series, and finally, the upper and lower parts of the photovoltaic module are connected in parallel via jumpers to achieve the required voltage and current output. Figure 1 As shown, taking the leftmost column as an example for further explanation, two battery strings are connected in parallel to obtain the first battery string 101, the second battery string 102, and the second battery string 103 respectively. The first battery string 101, the second battery string 102, and the second battery string 103 are connected in series to obtain the upper half of the column. The lower half of the column is the same. Finally, the upper and lower parts are connected in parallel again through jumpers. It can be seen that the photovoltaic module circuit at this time requires two jumpers, namely the first jumper 111 and the second jumper 112. This two-jumper setting increases material costs and production processes. Moreover, each jumper needs to be soldered individually, which increases the manufacturing cost of photovoltaic modules. In addition, the number of jumper soldering points increases the risk of poor soldering, such as cold solder joints and desoldering, which leads to increased contact resistance, causing power loss and failure, and affecting the reliability of photovoltaic modules. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module circuit, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic power generation system. Under the condition of limiting the photovoltaic panel type, the photovoltaic module circuit is set to a series-parallel-parallel structure to achieve the required electrical parameter output, and only one jumper is needed, which helps to reduce material costs.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a photovoltaic module circuit, including four battery string groups, each of which includes N battery strings arranged in series, where N is an integer greater than 1;
[0006] The first end of the first battery string group is connected to the first end of the second battery string group through the first busbar, and the common end of the connection is used as the first common end. The first end of the third battery string group is connected to the first end of the fourth battery string group through the second busbar, and the common end of the connection is used as the second common end. The first common end and the second common end are connected to the first busbar through a jumper.
[0007] The second end of the first battery string is connected to the second end of the third battery string via a third busbar, and the common end of the connection is connected to the second busbar. The second end of the second battery string is connected to the second end of the fourth battery string via a fourth busbar, and the common end of the connection is connected to the second busbar.
[0008] Furthermore, each of the battery string groups includes three battery strings arranged in series.
[0009] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module also includes a first bypass diode;
[0010] The first bypass diode is connected in reverse parallel with the first battery string and the third battery string.
[0011] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module also includes a second bypass diode.
[0012] The second bypass diode is connected in reverse parallel with the second battery string and the fourth battery string.
[0013] Furthermore, the battery string includes M sliced battery cells arranged in series, where M is an integer greater than 1.
[0014] Furthermore, the sliced battery cell is a P-slice battery cell, where P is an integer not less than 3.
[0015] Furthermore, the M P-cell solar cells are connected in series in a shingled structure, and the overlap between two adjacent P-cell solar cells is connected by a solder strip.
[0016] Furthermore, the solder strip is an ultra-thin solder strip with a thickness less than a threshold.
[0017] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model also provides a photovoltaic module, including a front encapsulation layer and a rear encapsulation layer, and also includes the photovoltaic module circuit as described above;
[0018] The front encapsulation layer, the photovoltaic module circuit, and the rear encapsulation layer are stacked and encapsulated in sequence.
[0019] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model also provides a photovoltaic power generation system, including the photovoltaic modules described above.
[0020] This application provides a photovoltaic module circuit, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic power generation system. The circuit includes four battery string groups, each containing N battery strings connected in series. The first end of the first battery string group is connected to the first end of the second battery string group via a first busbar, with the common terminal of the connection serving as the first common terminal. The first end of the third battery string group is connected to the first end of the fourth battery string group via a second busbar, with the common terminal of the connection serving as the second common terminal. The first and second common terminals are connected to a first busbar via a jumper. The second end of the first battery string group is connected to the second end of the third battery string group via a third busbar, with the common terminal of the connection serving as the second busbar. The second end of the second battery string group is connected to the second end of the fourth battery string group via a fourth busbar, with the common terminal of the connection serving as the second busbar. Therefore, this solution, within a limited photovoltaic module design, achieves the required electrical parameter output by setting the photovoltaic module circuit to a series-parallel-parallel structure. Furthermore, this circuit structure requires only one jumper, which helps reduce material costs, lowers the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module, and improves the reliability of the photovoltaic module.
[0021] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this application are given below. Attached Figure Description
[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module circuit in the prior art;
[0024] Figure 2 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module circuit;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module circuit provided by the present invention;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module circuit provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The core of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module circuit, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic power generation system. Under the condition of a limited photovoltaic panel type, the photovoltaic module circuit is set to a series-parallel-parallel structure to achieve the required electrical parameter output, and only one jumper is needed, which helps to reduce material costs.
[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module circuit in the prior art. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module circuit provided by this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module circuit provided by this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module circuit provided by this utility model.
[0031] The photovoltaic module circuit includes four battery string groups, each of which contains N battery strings connected in series, where N is an integer greater than 1;
[0032] The first end of the first battery string group 1 is connected to the first end of the second battery string group 2 through the first busbar, and the common end of the connection is used as the first common end. The first end of the third battery string group 3 is connected to the first end of the fourth battery string group 4 through the second busbar, and the common end of the connection is used as the second common end. The first common end and the second common end are connected to the first busbar through the jumper 5.
[0033] The second end of the first battery string group 1 is connected to the second end of the third battery string group 3 through the third busbar, and the common end of the connection is connected to the second busbar. The second end of the second battery string group 2 is connected to the second end of the fourth battery string group 4 through the fourth busbar, and the common end of the connection is connected to the second busbar.
[0034] In this embodiment, considering the current situation, such as Figure 1 The photovoltaic module circuit shown employs a parallel-series-parallel structure, requiring two jumpers. This increases material costs, complicates the soldering process, hinders production efficiency, and increases the risk of soldering defects and breakage. To address these issues, this application provides a photovoltaic module circuit, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a series-parallel-parallel structure is used to achieve the required electrical parameter output (here, electrical parameters refer to voltage, current, and other electrical parameters), and only one jumper 5 is required; it should also be noted that, Figure 2 Due to limitations in the image display and to avoid confusing wiring, the illustrations of the first and second busbars will be omitted for now, and the focus will be on showing the connection structure between the battery strings.
[0035] Specifically, the photovoltaic module circuit can be configured as follows:
[0036] In the first scenario, the first busbar is the positive busbar and the second busbar is the negative busbar, and the first terminal of each battery string refers to its positive terminal. Then, as follows... Figure 3 As shown, the positive terminal of the first battery string group 1 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string group 2 via the first busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the first common terminal. The positive terminal of the third battery string group 3 is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth battery string group 4 via the second busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the second common terminal. The first common terminal and the second common terminal are connected to the positive busbar via jumper 5. The negative terminal of the first battery string group 1 is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string group 3 via the third busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the negative busbar. The negative terminal of the second battery string group 2 is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth battery string group 4 via the fourth busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the negative busbar. In addition, it should be noted that, due to the limitations of the image display and to avoid confusion in the wiring, Figure 3 The positive busbar is represented by a circle containing a plus sign (+), and the negative busbar is represented by a circle containing a minus sign (-).
[0037] In the second scenario, the first busbar is the negative busbar and the second busbar is the positive busbar, and the first terminal of each battery string refers to its negative terminal. Then, as follows... Figure 4As shown, the negative terminal of the first battery string group 1 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery string group 2 via the first busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the first common terminal. The negative terminal of the third battery string group 3 is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth battery string group 4 via the second busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the second common terminal. The first common terminal and the second common terminal are connected to the negative busbar via jumper 5. The positive terminal of the first battery string group 1 is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string group 3 via the third busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the positive busbar. The positive terminal of the second battery string group 2 is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth battery string group 4 via the fourth busbar, and the common terminal of the connection is used as the positive busbar. In addition, it should be noted that, due to the limitations of the image display and to avoid confusion in the wiring, Figure 4 The positive busbar is represented by a circle containing a plus sign (+), and the negative busbar is represented by a circle containing a minus sign (-).
[0038] It should be noted that the first, second, third, and fourth busbars here can be ultra-thin busbars. The first and second busbars are ultimately led out through the busbars and junction boxes. Combined with the automatic soldering process, the jumper 5 can be hidden on the back (i.e., the non-light-receiving surface) of the photovoltaic cell based on the photovoltaic module circuit encapsulation. This avoids the jumper 5 blocking the light-receiving area on the front (i.e., the light-receiving surface) of the photovoltaic cell, reducing the impact on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module circuit. In addition, considering that there is a conductive layer on the back of the photovoltaic cell, in order to encapsulate the jumper 5 on the back and avoid the jumper 5 directly contacting the conductive layer and causing a short circuit, an insulating component made of insulating material can be set on the outside of the jumper 5 to wrap the jumper 5 and prevent short circuit faults.
[0039] It should also be noted that when the photovoltaic module circuit is integrated into the photovoltaic module, various encapsulation methods such as double-sided glass or single-sided glass can be used, and no special restrictions are made here.
[0040] In summary, this application provides a photovoltaic module circuit that, under a limited photovoltaic panel design, achieves the required electrical parameter output by setting the photovoltaic module circuit to a series-parallel-parallel structure. Moreover, this circuit structure only requires one jumper wire 5, which helps reduce material costs, reduce the manufacturing cost of photovoltaic modules, and improve the reliability of photovoltaic modules.
[0041] Based on the above embodiments:
[0042] In some embodiments, each battery string group includes three battery strings arranged in series.
[0043] Specifically, corresponding to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4Given a limited photovoltaic panel type, each battery string group can include three battery strings connected in series. Taking the first battery string group 1 as an example, it can be seen that it includes a first battery string 11, a second battery string 12, and a third battery string 13 connected in series.
[0044] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a first bypass diode D1;
[0045] The first bypass diode D1 is connected in reverse parallel with the first battery string group 1 and the third battery string group 3.
[0046] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a second bypass diode D2.
[0047] The second bypass diode D2 is connected in reverse parallel with the second battery string 2 and the fourth battery string 4.
[0048] Specifically, by setting the first bypass diode D1 and the second bypass diode D2, the photovoltaic module circuit can operate safely and reliably when working outdoors, prevent hot spot effects, avoid the impact of hot spots on power generation, and have stronger anti-hot spot capabilities.
[0049] It should also be noted that, corresponding to the first situation mentioned above, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cathode of the first bypass diode D1 is connected to jumper 5, and the anode of the first bypass diode D1 is connected to the negative terminals of the first battery string group 1 and the third battery string group 3, respectively; the cathode of the second bypass diode D2 is connected to jumper 5, and the anode of the second bypass diode D2 is connected to the negative terminals of the second battery string group 2 and the fourth battery string group 4, respectively. Corresponding to the second case above, as... Figure 4 As shown, the anode of the first bypass diode D1 is connected to jumper 5, and the cathode of the first bypass diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery string 1 and the positive terminal of the third battery string 3, respectively; the anode of the second bypass diode D2 is connected to jumper 5, and the cathode of the second bypass diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string 2 and the positive terminal of the fourth battery string 4, respectively.
[0050] In some embodiments, the battery string includes M sliced battery cells arranged in series, where M is an integer greater than 1.
[0051] In this embodiment, the sliced solar cell can be obtained by laser slicing a whole solar cell. This setting helps to reduce current, thereby reducing module string losses, improving module power, and increasing the CTM value (Cell To Module, cell to module conversion efficiency). Since a higher CTM value indicates a smaller degree of module encapsulation power loss, it can be seen that this application helps to reduce module encapsulation power loss and reduce electrical losses. The CTM value of conventional modules is about 98%, which has relatively large electrical losses.
[0052] Understandably, the specific number of battery strings in each battery string group and the specific number of sliced solar cells in each battery string can be flexibly set according to the required output electrical parameters and photovoltaic panel type. For example, if the required output voltage is 21V and the output voltage of each sliced solar cell is 0.7V, then three battery strings can be connected in series in each battery string group, and 10 sliced solar cells can be set in each battery string group.
[0053] More specifically, the sliced solar cell is a P-slice solar cell, where P is an integer not less than 3.
[0054] To elaborate, the P-cells here can be three-cell, four-cell, etc., without particular limitation. Combined with the series-parallel-parallel photovoltaic module circuit structure provided in this application, it is beneficial to improve module power while maintaining it consistent with traditional photovoltaic modules (traditional photovoltaic modules refer to a topology where multiple half-cells are connected in series at both the top and bottom, and then the top and bottom are connected in parallel; however, this topology is only suitable for half-cells, and the electrical parameters will not meet requirements when matched with P-cells). It also avoids the excessively high module voltage caused by a pure series structure, which would increase system costs. Therefore, this solution is beneficial for saving system costs, improving module current matching and power generation efficiency, reducing power loss, and adapting to the development needs of high-power photovoltaic modules in power plant applications. In some embodiments, M P-cells are arranged in series using a shingled structure, and the overlapping sections between adjacent P-cells are connected by solder strips.
[0055] In this embodiment, considering that there are gaps between the solar cells, which prevents full utilization of the module area and reduces the efficiency of the photovoltaic module, the M P-cell solar cells in this application are arranged in series in a shingled structure. This arrangement reduces the area of the blank space between the solar cells, effectively increasing the effective area of the module, which is beneficial to improving module efficiency and power. More specifically, the solder ribbon here is an ultra-thin solder ribbon with a thickness less than a threshold. Compared with conventional solder ribbon, this helps reduce the risk of microcracks caused by the stacking of P-cell solar cells and improves the module yield. For example, the thickness of the ultra-thin solder ribbon can be 0.18mm to 0.24mm.
[0056] This utility model also provides a photovoltaic module, including a front encapsulation layer and a rear encapsulation layer, and also includes the photovoltaic module circuit as described above.
[0057] The front encapsulation layer, photovoltaic module circuit, and rear encapsulation layer are stacked and encapsulated in sequence.
[0058] For a description of the photovoltaic modules provided in this application, please refer to the above-described embodiments of the photovoltaic module circuits; further details will not be repeated here.
[0059] This utility model also provides a photovoltaic power generation system, including the photovoltaic module as described above.
[0060] For a description of the photovoltaic power generation system provided in this application, please refer to the above-described embodiment of the photovoltaic module circuit; further details will not be repeated here.
[0061] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0062] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.
[0063] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module circuit, characterized in that, It includes four battery string groups, each of which includes N battery strings connected in series, where N is an integer greater than 1; The first end of the first battery string group is connected to the first end of the second battery string group through the first busbar, and the common end of the connection is used as the first common end. The first end of the third battery string group is connected to the first end of the fourth battery string group through the second busbar, and the common end of the connection is used as the second common end. The first common end and the second common end are connected to the first busbar through a jumper. The second end of the first battery string is connected to the second end of the third battery string via a third busbar, and the common end of the connection is connected to the second busbar. The second end of the second battery string is connected to the second end of the fourth battery string via a fourth busbar, and the common end of the connection is connected to the second busbar.
2. The photovoltaic module circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the battery string groups includes three battery strings connected in series.
3. The photovoltaic module circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a first bypass diode; The first bypass diode is connected in reverse parallel with the first battery string and the third battery string.
4. The photovoltaic module circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a second bypass diode; The second bypass diode is connected in reverse parallel with the second battery string and the fourth battery string.
5. The photovoltaic module circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The battery string comprises M sliced battery cells connected in series, where M is an integer greater than 1.
6. The photovoltaic module circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sliced battery cell is a P-slice battery cell, where P is an integer not less than 3.
7. The photovoltaic module circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, M P-cell solar cells are connected in series in a shingled structure, and the overlap between two adjacent P-cell solar cells is connected by a solder strip.
8. The photovoltaic module circuit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The welding strip is an ultra-thin welding strip with a thickness less than a threshold.
9. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes a front encapsulation layer and a rear encapsulation layer, and also includes the photovoltaic module circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; The front encapsulation layer, the photovoltaic module circuit, and the rear encapsulation layer are stacked and encapsulated in sequence.
10. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that, Including the photovoltaic module as described in claim 9.