An anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor

Abstract

This invention discloses an anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor, comprising a cylindrical reactor body. From bottom to top, the reactor body includes an aeration assembly, an inlet assembly, a cyclone generator, a cutting and retaining device, an air guiding component, and a three-phase separator. By installing a cyclone generator within the reactor, when wastewater enters, the aeration assembly below the cyclone generator aerates the wastewater, increasing the dissolved oxygen content and converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrite for short-cut nitrification. The aeration generates upward lift in the reactor, causing the wastewater to swirl within the cyclone generator. This provides shear force for the formation of granular sludge, accelerating granular sludge formation and avoiding the breakage of granular sludge by the return pump blades, which is a common problem in traditional equipment that uses an internal return pump to increase hydraulic shear. This ensures the integrity of the granular sludge and further improves water treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an anaerobic reactor, and more particularly to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Current wastewater denitrification technologies typically employ traditional nitrification-denitrification processes. However, these processes suffer from drawbacks such as high carbon source input, high aeration requirements, high energy consumption, greenhouse gas (NO and N2O) emissions, and high sludge production. In recent years, the emerging anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAO) process has emerged, which can remove nitrogen from NH4+. + -N and NO2 - Nitrogen removal is achieved by converting nitrogen (N-) to nitrogen (N2). This process first uses short-cut nitrification to oxidize approximately 50% of the ammonia nitrogen in wastewater into nitrite nitrogen under the action of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Then, anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) convert both nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen gas. This process has the advantages of saving aeration and organic carbon sources. However, stable implementation of this process is quite demanding. It requires ensuring sufficient oxygen in the reactor to convert enough ammonia nitrogen into nitrite, while avoiding excessive oxygen supply that could lead to the oxidation of nitrite by nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and inhibition of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB).

[0003] Currently, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (AAO) is typically achieved using granular sludge reactors. Granular sludge possesses excellent settling properties, significantly increasing the residence time of AnAOB within the reactor and thus enhancing its abundance. Due to oxygen diffusion and gradual consumption, the oxygen concentration within the granular sludge gradually decreases from the outside in, creating an aerobic zone on the outside and an anaerobic zone on the inside. This allows AOB and AnAOB to coexist within the same reactor and also increases the dissolved oxygen gradient. Furthermore, due to the difference in oxygen mass transfer efficiency between suspended sludge and granular sludge, at the same dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, NOB is present in a higher proportion in suspended sludge, while AnAOB is present in a higher proportion in granular sludge. Therefore, by selecting and retaining granular sludge while excluding suspended sludge, the proportion of NOB in the system can be reduced.

[0004] Existing anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactors mainly improve hydraulic shear and accelerate granulation by setting up internal reflux pumps to increase internal reflux. However, the impellers of the reflux pumps can cause some granular sludge to break up, thus affecting the wastewater treatment effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactors by providing an anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor that accelerates sludge granulation by increasing hydraulic shear force through the installation of a cyclone generator.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] An anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor includes a cylindrical reactor body, wherein an aeration assembly, an inlet assembly, a cyclone generator, a cutter, an air guide component, and a three-phase separator are arranged from bottom to top within the reactor body.

[0008] The aeration assembly includes a blower, an aeration pipe, and an aerator. The blower is located outside the reactor body, and one end of the blower is connected to an aerator located at the bottom of the reactor body through the aeration pipe.

[0009] The water inlet assembly includes a water pump, a water inlet valve, a water inlet pipeline, a pulse water valve, and a pulse water pipeline. The water pump is connected to one end of the water inlet valve through the water inlet pipeline, and the other end of the water inlet valve is connected to the water inlet at the bottom of the reactor body through the water inlet pipeline. The water pump is connected to one end of the pulse water valve through the pulse water pipeline, and the other end of the pulse water valve is connected to the cyclone generator through the pulse water pipeline.

[0010] The vortex generator is designed with an inverted cone shape. A pulse nozzle is located at the center of the bottom of the vortex generator. The pulse nozzle is connected to a pulse water pipeline. Several water distribution pipes are evenly distributed inside the vortex generator. The water distribution holes of each water distribution pipe are evenly distributed in two layers, and the water distribution holes are at a 60° angle to the vertical direction and face upward.

[0011] The cutting and retaining device includes a lower cutting layer and an upper retaining layer, and both the cutting layer and the retaining layer are provided with a plurality of flow holes;

[0012] The air guiding component includes two semi-circular PP plates, which are fixed in the reactor body by a bracket. Triangular strip-shaped water guiding channels, inclined mud-blocking channels, upper exhaust slits and side exhaust pipes are respectively inserted in the PP plates.

[0013] The three-phase separator is located above the air guiding component. The water outlet of the three-phase separator is connected to one end of the first return valve through the first return pipeline, and the other end of the first return valve is connected to the water inlet of the water pump.

[0014] Preferably, the reactor body is further provided with a detection component, which includes a controller and multiple detectors. The controller is communicatively connected to the multiple detectors, and the controller is communicatively connected to the water pump, the inlet valve, the pulse water valve, the blower, and the first return valve.

[0015] Preferably, the detector is a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe, an ammonia nitrogen probe, and a nitrite probe.

[0016] Preferably, the air guide component is connected to the water inlet pipe via a second return pipe, and a second return valve is provided on the second return pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the gas outlet of the three-phase separator is connected to the blower through a gas return pipeline, and a gas return valve is provided on the gas return pipeline.

[0018] Preferably, the second reflux valve is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0019] Preferably, the gas reflux valve is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] (1) By setting up a cyclone generator in the reactor, when sewage enters the reactor, the aeration components below the cyclone generator aerate the sewage, increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water, and convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite to achieve short-cut nitrification. After aeration, the air generates an upward lift in the reactor, causing the sewage to swirl in the cyclone generator, providing shear force for the formation of granular sludge in the sewage, accelerating the formation of granular sludge, avoiding the traditional equipment's method of increasing hydraulic shear through an internal return pump, which causes some granular sludge to be broken by the return pump blades, ensuring the integrity of the granular sludge, and further improving the water treatment effect;

[0022] (2) The rising sludge with air bubbles collides with the cutter and retainer, and the air-sludge separation begins. Large pieces of light sludge are cut into lighter air-containing sludge flocs and some effective small-volume sludge. The air-containing sludge flocs are carried to the upper part of the reactor with the rising mixed liquid. Some effective small-volume sludge is retained. Overall, the problem of sludge runoff is solved to a certain extent, and it plays a role in retaining effective bacteria and biological selection.

[0023] (3) After the sludge is cut and intercepted, a small amount of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria will float to the top and grow and multiply to form effective sludge. Under the action of the air guiding component, the sludge, gas and water are further separated. Part of the sludge returns downward, and the solid, liquid and gas are separated. After the further action of the three-phase separator, the solid, liquid and gas are separated. The gas can be returned to the air inlet valve for aeration, and the water is returned to the reactor for further treatment to improve the treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the vortex generator;

[0026] 1. Reactor body; 2. Aeration components; 2.1 Blower; 2.2 Aeration pipe; 2.3 Aerator; 3. Water inlet components; 3.1 Water pump; 3.2 Water inlet pipeline; 3.3 Water inlet valve; 3.4 Pulse water pipeline; 3.5 Pulse water valve; 3.6 First return pipeline; 3.7 First return valve; 3.8 Second return pipeline; 3.9 Second return valve; 4. Swirl generator; 4.1 Water distribution pipe; 4.2 Pulse nozzle; 4.3 Water distribution hole; 5. Cutting and intercepting device; 6. Air guiding components; 7. Three-phase separator; 8. Gas return pipeline; 9. Gas return valve; 10. Controller; 11. Detector. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to examples. The examples are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0028] An anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it includes a cylindrical reactor body 1, and from bottom to top, the reactor body is provided with an aeration component 2, a water inlet component 3, a cyclone generator 4, a cutter 5, an air guide component 6, and a three-phase separator 7.

[0029] The aeration assembly includes a blower 2.1, an aeration pipe 2.2, and an aerator 2.3. The blower 2.1 is located outside the reactor body 1, and one end of the blower is connected to the aerator 2.3 located at the bottom of the reactor body through the aeration pipe 2.2.

[0030] The water inlet assembly includes a water pump 3.1, a water inlet pipe 3.2, a water inlet valve 3.3, a pulse water pipe 3.4, and a pulse water valve 3.5. The water pump is connected to one end of the water inlet valve 3.3 through the water inlet pipe 3.2, and the other end of the water inlet valve 3.3 is connected to the water inlet at the bottom of the reactor body 1 through the water inlet pipe 3.2. The water pump 3.1 is connected to one end of the pulse water valve 3.5 through the pulse water pipe 3.4, and the other end of the pulse water valve 3.5 is connected to the cyclone generator 4 through the pulse water pipe 3.4.

[0031] The vortex generator 4 has an overall inverted cone-shaped structure. A pulse nozzle 4.2 is located at the center of the bottom of the vortex generator 4. The pulse nozzle 4.2 is connected to the pulse water pipe 3.4. Several water distribution pipes 4.1 are evenly distributed inside the vortex generator 4. The water distribution holes 4.3 of each water distribution pipe 4.1 are evenly distributed in two layers, and the water distribution holes 4.3 form a 60° angle with the vertical direction and face upward.

[0032] The cutting and retaining device 5 includes a lower cutting layer and an upper retaining layer, and both the cutting layer and the retaining layer are provided with several flow holes;

[0033] The air guiding component 6 includes two semi-circular PP plates, which are fixed in the reactor body 1 by a bracket. Triangular strip-shaped water guiding channels, inclined mud-blocking channels, upper exhaust slits and side exhaust pipes are respectively inserted in the PP plates.

[0034] The three-phase separator 7 is located above the air guide component 6. The water outlet of the three-phase separator 7 is connected to one end of the first return valve 3.7 through the first return pipe 3.6, and the other end of the first return valve 3.7 is connected to the water inlet of the water pump 3.1.

[0035] The reactor body 1 is also equipped with a detection component, which includes a controller 10 and multiple detectors 11. The detectors 11 are a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe, an ammonia nitrogen probe, and a nitrite probe, respectively. The controller 10 is communicatively connected to the multiple detectors 11, and the controller 10 is communicatively connected to the water pump 3.1, the inlet valve 3.3, the pulse water valve 3.5, the blower 2.1, and the first reflux valve 3.7, respectively.

[0036] The air guide component 6 is connected to the water inlet pipe 3.2 via the second return pipe 3.8 below, and the second return pipe 3.6 is equipped with a second return valve 3.9.

[0037] The gas outlet of the three-phase separator 7 is connected to the blower 2.1 through the gas return pipeline 8. The gas return pipeline 8 is equipped with a gas return valve 9. The second return valve 3.9 and the gas return valve 9 are connected to the controller.

[0038] The actual working process and principle of this novel anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor are as follows:

[0039] After sludge inoculation and acclimatization in reactor body 1, when the sludge concentration reaches 5-8 g / L, the wastewater ratio of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is controlled at approximately 1:1. Wastewater enters through pump 3.1, flows through inlet pipe 3.2 into the distribution pipe 4.1 of cyclone generator 4, and is ejected through distribution hole 4.3, forming a cyclone with a 30° upward angled inlet flow, rushing towards the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge in the reactor. It collides with the static liquid in the reactor, forming a tangential angle and creating a rotating water flow. Simultaneously, controller 10 controls the pulse water valve 3.5 to open periodically to intermittently flush cyclone generator 4 and reactor base. The inlet time and flushing time are controlled at 9:1. The aeration component pumps mixed air into aerator 2.3 to generate aeration bubbles in the wastewater. Controller 10 sets the total aeration flow rate and aeration control mode in reactor body 1, and sets the dissolved oxygen control concentration or effluent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration in reactor body 1. Controller 10 adjusts the flow rate according to the reaction... Multiple detectors within reactor body 1 monitor the concentrations of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite within the reactor to determine the required oxygen supply. Based on this, the opening and closing of the blower 2.1 and gas return valve 9 are adjusted to control the ratio of fresh air to return tail gas in the mixed gas, maintaining the total gas flow rate at a set level. The rising sludge-water mixture undergoes initial sludge cutting and retention as it passes through the cutter 5 and gas guide component 6. After initial sludge retention, further separation is achieved through the three-phase separator 7, realizing solid-liquid-gas three-phase separation. The treated water returns to reactor body 1 via the first return pipe 3.6 and the first return valve 3.7. Return tail gas returns to reactor body 1 via the gas return pipe 8 and the gas return valve 9. AOB (Aerobic Oxygen-Oxidizing Bacteria) are distributed in the aerobic zone on the surface of the granular sludge, converting influent ammonia nitrogen into nitrite. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are distributed in the anaerobic zone inside the granular sludge, converting the nitrite produced by AOB and the remaining ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen gas.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor, comprising a cylindrical reactor body, characterized in that, The reactor body is equipped with an aeration assembly, a water inlet assembly, a cyclone generator, a cut-and-retain device, an air guiding component, and a three-phase separator from bottom to top. The aeration assembly includes a blower, an aeration pipe, and an aerator. The blower is located outside the reactor body, and one end of the blower is connected to an aerator located at the bottom of the reactor body through the aeration pipe. The water inlet assembly includes a water pump, a water inlet valve, a water inlet pipeline, a pulse water valve, and a pulse water pipeline. The water pump is connected to one end of the water inlet valve through the water inlet pipeline, and the other end of the water inlet valve is connected to the water inlet at the bottom of the reactor body through the water inlet pipeline. The water pump is connected to one end of the pulse water valve through the pulse water pipeline, and the other end of the pulse water valve is connected to the cyclone generator through the pulse water pipeline. The vortex generator is designed with an inverted cone shape. A pulse nozzle is located at the center of the bottom of the vortex generator. The pulse nozzle is connected to a pulse water pipeline. Several water distribution pipes are evenly distributed inside the vortex generator. The water distribution holes of each water distribution pipe are evenly distributed in two layers, and the water distribution holes are at a 60° angle to the vertical direction and face upward. The cutting and retaining device includes a lower cutting layer and an upper retaining layer, and both the cutting layer and the retaining layer are provided with a plurality of flow holes; The air guiding component includes two semi-circular PP plates, which are fixed in the reactor body by a bracket. Triangular strip-shaped water guiding channels, inclined mud-blocking channels, upper exhaust slits and side exhaust pipes are respectively inserted in the PP plates. The three-phase separator is located above the air guiding component. The water outlet of the three-phase separator is connected to one end of the first return valve through the first return pipeline, and the other end of the first return valve is connected to the water inlet of the water pump.

2. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor body is also equipped with a detection component, which includes a controller and multiple detectors. The controller is communicatively connected to the multiple detectors, and is also communicatively connected to the water pump, the inlet valve, the pulse water valve, the blower, and the first reflux valve.

3. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detectors are a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe, an ammonia nitrogen probe, and a nitrite probe.

4. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The air guide component is connected to the water inlet pipe via a second return pipe, and a second return valve is provided on the second return pipe.

5. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second reflux valve is communicatively connected to the controller.

6. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The gas outlet of the three-phase separator is connected to the blower through a gas return pipeline, and a gas return valve is provided on the gas return pipeline.

7. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gas reflux valve is communicatively connected to the controller.

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