A composite structure rubber dam

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a composite rubber dam, comprising: a three-layer structure bonded together sequentially from the outside to the inside, forming a cylindrical dam body structure: an outer protective layer, an EPDM rubber layer with a thickness of 3-8 mm; a middle reinforcing layer, a stainless steel woven mesh with steel wire diameter of 0.5-2 mm; and an inner pressure-bearing layer, a composite layer of fiber cloth skeleton and rubber. This application has the effect of improving the stability of the rubber dam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a composite structure rubber dam. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, rubber dams have become a core facility for river level control due to their advantages such as foldable water storage and rapid flood discharge. However, in practical applications, the high-speed impact of floating debris (such as trees and rocks) and the gnawing of aquatic organisms cause frequent damage to traditional rubber dams. Especially during the flood season, dam perforation failure can lead to uncontrolled water levels and threaten downstream safety.

[0003] In existing technologies, a fully rubber-reinforced structure is generally used: high-density nylon fiber cloth is embedded in the inner layer of the dam body, or an internal metal frame is used: a welded steel frame is used as the core support, which improves rigidity, but the frame's self-weight accounts for more than 35% of the total weight of the dam body.

[0004] However, the fiber cloth has weak penetration resistance and is easily torn by impacts from sharp objects; the metal frame is too heavy, requiring heavy equipment for transportation and installation, and the rigid frame and flexible rubber are not coordinated in deformation, which accelerates structural fatigue. In addition, the steel frame significantly increases the mass of the dam body and raises the cost of the anchoring foundation. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a composite structure rubber dam that can at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] This application provides a composite structure rubber dam, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A composite rubber dam, comprising:

[0008] The three-layer structure, bonded together sequentially from the outside in, forms a cylindrical dam structure:

[0009] Outer protective layer: EPDM rubber layer with a thickness of 3-8mm;

[0010] The middle reinforcing layer is made of stainless steel woven mesh with wire diameters of 0.5-2mm;

[0011] The inner pressure-bearing layer consists of a dam-specific fiber cloth skeleton and a rubber composite layer.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer EPDM rubber layer (3-8mm) directly contacts the outside environment, resisting ultraviolet rays, ozone, and friction from drifting debris. The middle stainless steel mesh layer (mesh density 5-15 mesh / cm², steel wire Ø0.5-2mm) bears the impact load and disperses stress, allowing the material to possess both high strength and rigidity, as well as a certain degree of flexibility and resilience. The inner fiber cloth and rubber composite layer withstand water pressure, and the fiber cloth skeleton inhibits rubber creep. The stainless steel woven mesh enhances impact resistance and extends service life. The stainless steel woven mesh also reduces damage from biological gnawing. Compared with traditional metal dams, it is lightweight and easy to transport and install. The 0.5-2mm diameter steel wire gives the material higher strength and lower elongation. Higher strength improves the structural performance of the material, while lower elongation helps improve the stability and maneuverability of the material. It also has better flexibility and adhesion to rubber, thereby improving the overall performance of the material and enhancing the stability of the rubber dam.

[0013] Optionally, the central reinforcing layer is tied with transverse supports along the length of the dam body and is wrapped within the inner pressure-bearing layer to form a transverse elastic support structure.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, transverse support members (such as metal rods) are tied along the length of the dam body, and stainless steel mesh is wrapped and fixed to the inner bearing layer to form a "rib" type elastic frame, which improves the ability to resist the impact of lateral water flow (the transverse support disperses local stress) and suppresses the bulging deformation of the dam body (the fiber cloth and the support members form a three-dimensional constraint).

[0015] Optionally, the stainless steel woven mesh of the middle reinforcing layer has an anti-corrosion layer formed on its surface.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, the problem of electrochemical corrosion is solved (zinc plating / coating blocks the galvanic cell reaction at the stainless steel-rubber interface, improving applicability in saline-alkali waters).

[0017] Optionally, the lateral support is provided with a plurality of hook-shaped structures, which correspond to the braided nodes of the middle reinforcement layer.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the transverse support is equipped with hook-shaped protrusions and embedded with stainless steel mesh weaving nodes. Mechanical interlocking enhances the interlayer bonding force (prevents interlayer peeling), and the rate of scattered wire breakage under impact load is reduced by 80% (node ​​fixation inhibits chain damage).

[0019] Optionally, the hook-shaped structure has a through hole, and the through hole is filled with rubber to form a conical spike.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the hook-shaped through holes are filled with vulcanized rubber, which is cured to form conical barbs that penetrate the mesh, thereby improving the peel strength (the rubber barbs form chemical anchors); and the interface fatigue life under dynamic load is improved.

[0021] Optionally, the ends of the three-layer structure form anchoring wings, the cross-section of the anchoring wings increases in a stepped manner, the height difference of the steps is 0.5-1 times the thickness of a single layer, and circular anchoring grooves are opened on the stepped surfaces.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, a stepped anchoring wing is formed at the dam end (the step height difference is 0.5-1 times the single layer thickness); a circular anchoring groove is pre-embedded on the stepped surface, and rubber fills the groove when the bolts are tightened; the risk of anchoring failure is reduced (the stepped structure inhibits stress concentration); and the installation efficiency is improved (the circular groove automatically corrects the bolt deflection angle).

[0023] Optionally, a transition layer is provided between the outer protective layer and the middle reinforcing layer. This layer has a thickness of 0.5-2 mm and hemispherical protrusions distributed on its surface, the hemispherical protrusions corresponding to the mesh woven by the middle reinforcing layer.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, a 0.5-2mm transition adhesive layer is set between the EPDM layer and the stainless steel mesh, and hemispherical protrusions are embedded in the stainless steel mesh holes; the interface shear strength is improved (the protrusions increase the contact area) and it is resistant to negative pressure fluctuations (the protrusions buffer the deformation between the layers).

[0025] Optionally, the side of the lateral support opposite to the middle reinforcement layer is arc-shaped.

[0026] Optionally, the transverse support is provided with adhesive-coated holes.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc-shaped back reduces the wear of the fiber cloth (adhesion curvature), and the rubber-coated holes allow the rubber to penetrate the support, forming "rubber rivets" and enhancing the stability of the connection.

[0028] Optionally, a hole is formed at the center of the hemispherical protrusion of the transition layer.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the center of the hemispherical protrusion is opened, and the rubber flows in during vulcanization to form a "barbed structure", which improves the resistance to interfacial peeling.

[0030] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. The stainless steel woven mesh enhances impact resistance and extends service life. The stainless steel woven mesh also reduces damage from biological gnawing. Compared to traditional metal dams, it is lightweight and easier to transport and install. The 0.5-2mm diameter steel wire provides higher strength and lower elongation. Higher strength improves structural performance, while lower elongation enhances stability and maneuverability. It also offers better flexibility and adhesion to rubber, thus improving overall material performance and the stability of the rubber dam.

[0032] 2. Tie transverse support members (such as metal rods) along the length of the dam body, and cover and fix the stainless steel mesh to the inner bearing layer to form a "rib" type elastic frame, which improves the ability to resist the impact of lateral water flow (the transverse support disperses local stress) and inhibits the bulging deformation of the dam body (the fiber cloth and the support members form a three-dimensional constraint).

[0033] 3. The curved back reduces wear on the fiber cloth (adhering to the curvature), and the rubber-coated holes allow rubber to penetrate the support, forming "rubber rivets" to enhance the stability of the connection. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the rubber dam in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the rubber dam in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a detailed illustration of the lateral support and hook-like structure in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Reference numerals: 100, outer protective layer; 200, middle reinforcing layer; 300, inner pressure-bearing layer; 400, lateral support; 410, hook-shaped structure; 411, through hole; 420, adhesive-coated hole; 500, anchoring wing; 510, anchoring groove; 600, transition layer; 610, hemispherical protrusion; 611, hole. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following combination Figures 1 to 4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0040] This embodiment discloses a composite structure rubber dam.

[0041] This embodiment provides a composite rubber dam, the core of which lies in the optimization of the four-layer composite, the transverse skeleton, and the interface reinforcement.

[0042] The main structure consists of an outer protective layer of EPDM (3-8mm), a middle reinforcing layer of stainless steel woven mesh (5-15 mesh / cm², 0.5-2mm steel wire), and an inner pressure-bearing layer of fiber cloth (300), seamlessly bonded together through an overall vulcanization process. Transverse supports (400) are tied every 1.5m along the length of the dam. Hook-shaped structures (410) are embedded in the stainless steel mesh nodes on the surface of the transverse supports (400) and are encased within the fiber cloth pressure-bearing layer. A transition layer (600, 0.5-2mm) with hemispherical protrusions is added between the protective layer and the stainless steel mesh, with a central opening extending through the stainless steel mesh.

[0043] The main laminated structure is prepared by laying it from bottom to top in a molding mold. The inner pressure-bearing layer 300 is a dam-specific aramid fiber cloth (weight ≥800g / m²) coated with 2mm neoprene rubber to form a creep-resistant pressure-bearing matrix. The middle reinforcing layer 200 is a SUS316 stainless steel woven mesh (mesh density 12 mesh / cm², wire Ø1.2mm) laid on an unvulcanized rubber layer. Its surface is galvanized (thickness 20μm). 400 transverse supports (304 stainless steel sheets with arc-shaped thin sections) are arranged every 1.5m along the dam length. Hook-shaped claws (5mm high, spacing matching the mesh nodes) are welded to the side facing the stainless steel mesh. The hook-shaped structures 410 are staggered from the binding positions. The connection end between the hook-shaped structures 400 and the transverse supports 400 is a tubular structure. The end away from the transverse supports 400 can use a flexible steel sheet structure or a tubular structure. The structure is flexible and can be formed into a tubular structure by rolling stainless steel sheets or alloy materials. Each claw tooth has a through hole 411 drilled on its sidewall. During installation, the hook teeth hook into the stainless steel mesh nodes, and the through holes 411 are aligned with the mesh connection points. The transverse supports 400 are placed on the fiber cloth bearing layer. After the hook teeth pass through the stainless steel mesh, they are bent and locked, and finally completely covered by the inner rubber layer. The side of the transverse support 400 facing away from the hook teeth is processed into an R15mm arc surface, and the surface is opened with rubber-coated holes 420 (Ø10mm, spacing 50mm). The transition layer 600 is covered with a 0.8mm butyl rubber layer. The upper surface of this layer is molded with hemispherical protrusions 610 (diameter smaller than the mesh side length, height 1.5mm), and a Ø0.5mm through hole 411 is drilled in the center of the protrusion. The outer protective layer 100 is covered with a calendered 3.5mm thick EPDM rubber sheet, and the hemispherical protrusions are embedded in the EPDM layer to form a mechanical interlock.

[0044] The dam body extends to form anchoring wings 500 at both ends. Within 20cm from the end, the three-layer structure thickens in a stepped manner (the height difference of a single step is 0.7 times the layer thickness). A semi-circular anchoring groove 510 (radius 8mm) is pre-embedded at each step height difference, and adhesive is pre-coated in the groove. The stepped surface is connected to the foundation embedded parts by Ø16mm bolts. During installation, rubber is squeezed into the groove to achieve stress buffering.

[0045] The assembled dam body is placed in a vulcanizing tank and heated to 145℃±5℃ with a steam pressure of 0.8MPa. The through-hole 411 in the center of the hemispherical protrusion of the transition layer 600 allows molten rubber to flow into the stainless steel mesh, forming a barbed structure after cooling. The rubber in the through-hole 411 of the hook-shaped structure 410 expands into a conical barb (2mm at the top and 5mm at the bottom) that penetrates the mesh to form an anchor. The vulcanization time is calculated based on the thickness of the dam body (1.5min / mm). After completion, it is naturally cooled to below 50℃ for demolding.

[0046] Then, a cylindrical dam structure is formed around it, with stepped contact parts at the edges. The parts are then bonded together and pressed together using a vulcanization process. Inflation holes are pre-drilled or cut into the cylindrical structure for installing inflation pipes.

[0047] Water flows into the inner cavity of the dam bag, and the inner layer of fiber cloth inhibits the expansion and deformation of the rubber; impact protection: when floating objects impact, the stainless steel mesh disperses the load through lateral support 400 (maximum strain is reduced by 60%); anchoring load transfer: when water pressure acts on the stepped anchoring wings 500, the multi-layer stepped structure converts the shear force into compressive stress.

[0048] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A composite structure rubber dam, characterized in that: include: The three-layer structure, bonded together sequentially from the outside in, forms a cylindrical dam structure: Outer protective layer (100), EPDM rubber layer with a thickness of 3-8mm; The middle reinforcing layer (200) is a stainless steel woven mesh with a wire diameter of 0.5-2mm; The inner pressure-bearing layer (300) is a composite layer of fiber cloth skeleton and rubber.

2. The composite rubber dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle reinforcing layer (200) is tied with transverse supports (400) along the length of the dam body and is covered within the inner bearing layer (300) to form a transverse elastic support structure.

3. The composite structure rubber dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stainless steel woven mesh of the middle reinforcing layer (200) has an anti-corrosion layer formed on its surface.

4. The composite structure rubber dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse support (400) is provided with a plurality of hook-shaped structures (410), the hook-shaped structures (410) correspond to the braided nodes of the middle reinforcement layer (200), and the hook-shaped structures (410) are offset from the binding positions.

5. The composite rubber dam according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hook-shaped structure (410) is a tubular structure with a through hole (411) on its outer wall that communicates with the interior. The through hole (411) is filled with rubber to form a spike.

6. The composite rubber dam according to claim 4, characterized in that: An anchoring wing (500) is formed at the end of the dam structure. The cross section of the anchoring wing (500) increases in a stepped manner. The height difference of the steps is 0.5-1 times the thickness of a single layer. A circular anchoring groove (510) is opened on the stepped surface.

7. The composite structure rubber dam according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transition layer (600) with a thickness of 0.5-2 mm is provided between the outer protective layer (100) and the middle reinforcing layer (200). The layer has hemispherical protrusions (610) distributed on its surface, and the hemispherical protrusions (610) correspond to the mesh woven by the middle reinforcing layer (200).

8. The composite rubber dam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lateral support (400) is arc-shaped on the side opposite to the middle reinforcement layer (200).

9. The composite structure rubber dam according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transverse support (400) has adhesive-coated holes (420).

10. The composite structure rubber dam according to claim 7, characterized in that: A hole (611) is formed in the center of the hemispherical protrusion (610) of the transition layer (600).

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