A device for reducing the temperature of a gun by air cooling
By using a wind-cooling device and sensor feedback to control airflow, the problem of temperature gradient between the inner and outer walls of the artillery was solved, achieving efficient cooling and cleaning of the inner wall of the barrel and extending the service life of the artillery.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
During continuous firing, existing artillery designs exhibit large temperature gradients between the inner and outer walls of the barrel, leading to changes in thermal stress, cracks, and mechanical wear. Furthermore, existing heat dissipation methods cannot effectively reduce the temperature of the inner wall of the barrel, increasing weight or volume and affecting service life and safety.
It adopts an air-cooling device, which controls the rapid flow of dry air through a ring array of nozzles and valves to achieve rapid cooling of the inner wall of the tube. The ventilation volume is adjusted by sensors and control feedback components to ensure effective cooling and cleanliness.
It achieves rapid cooling of the inner wall of the barrel, reduces ablation, extends service life, avoids structural damage caused by thermal stress, and does not increase the weight or volume of the cannon.
Smart Images
Figure CN224340807U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of artillery cooling technology, and in particular to a device for reducing the temperature of artillery by means of air cooling. Background Technology
[0002] During continuous firing of artillery, the barrel is subjected to periodic thermal shocks from the high-temperature propellant gases, causing a rapid temperature rise and a large temperature gradient between its inner and outer walls, resulting in drastic changes in thermal stress. Simultaneously, the periodic thermal shocks from the propellant gases are accompanied by complex processes of thermal ablation, mechanical wear, and chemical erosion, leading to continuously expanding cracks on the inner wall of the barrel. This reduces the barrel's strength and lifespan and may even cause accidents such as cavity explosions, posing serious challenges to the design of the barrel structure and the selection of materials.
[0003] Existing artillery designs, while increasing the heat dissipation area of the barrel by adding appropriate heat sinks to the outer wall, do increase the weight and size of the artillery, contradicting the requirement for barrel weight reduction. Furthermore, they fail to directly dissipate heat from the inner wall of the barrel, which is in contact with the propellant gases. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel cooling device to achieve rapid cooling of high-rate-of-fire artillery, specifically cooling the inner wall of the barrel. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for reducing the temperature of artillery by means of air cooling. It uses the rapid flow of pre-cooled dry air to achieve rapid cooling of the inner wall of the barrel. By controlling the opening and closing of the valves of the first and second annular array nozzles, different ventilation volumes can be achieved at different positions of the barrel, thereby achieving more efficient cooling of the inner wall of the barrel.
[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this utility model is as follows: a device for reducing the temperature of a cannon by means of air cooling, including a barrel, a sensor assembly, an air cooling assembly, and a control feedback assembly; the annular array nozzles in the air cooling assembly are fixed on the outer ring of the barrel and communicate with the inner cavity of the barrel, and cold air is introduced into the barrel through the air cooling assembly to cool the barrel; the sensor assembly is installed on the barrel and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the barrel; the control feedback assembly is used to control and feedback the working state of the air cooling assembly.
[0006] Furthermore, the air-cooled assembly includes a first annular array nozzle, a second annular array nozzle, an air compressor, a refrigerated compressed air dryer, a gas storage tank, and valves. The first annular array nozzle is fixedly installed in the middle of the gun barrel, and the second annular array nozzle is fixedly installed in the middle of the bore. The first and second annular array nozzles are connected to the gas storage tank through pipes. Valves are installed in the pipes between the first and second annular array nozzles and the gas storage tank. The valves are used to freely adjust the opening size to determine the amount of gas ejected from the nozzles. At the same time, when the valves are closed, they prevent the leakage of gunpowder gas. The refrigerated compressed air dryer is connected to the gas storage tank through a gas supply pipe. The air compressor is connected to the refrigerated compressed air dryer through a gas supply pipe. The air compressor compresses the air and then delivers it to the dryer. The dryer converts the compressed air into refrigerated and dried compressed air and then delivers it to the gas storage tank for use during cooling.
[0007] Furthermore, the first annular array nozzle and the second annular array nozzle have the same structure.
[0008] Furthermore, the barrel includes: a breechblock, a chamber, a bore, and a rifling; the middle of the chamber and the middle of the rifling are arranged in a circumferential array of stepped holes, which include a first countersunk hole and a second through hole.
[0009] Furthermore, the first annular array nozzle includes: multiple first arc-shaped rings and a second arc-shaped ring; all the arc-shaped rings are fixedly connected to each other, and the outer ring of the second arc-shaped ring is provided with a main gas supply pipe outlet, which is connected to a gas storage tank through a pipe.
[0010] Furthermore, each arc-shaped ring is equipped with an arc-shaped gas delivery pipe inside. After the arc-shaped gas delivery pipes are installed together, they form a ring-shaped main gas delivery pipe. Each arc-shaped ring is equipped with a nozzle on its inner ring. The nozzle is matched with the first countersunk hole of the stepped hole in the medicine chamber. The through hole inside the nozzle corresponds to the second through hole of the stepped hole in the medicine chamber, thereby realizing the communication between the main gas delivery pipe and the body pipe.
[0011] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor; the first temperature sensor is arranged in the middle of the propellant chamber, the second temperature sensor is arranged in the middle of the bore, and the third temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged at the tail of the bore; the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are arranged inside the barrel and do not come into direct contact with the propellant gases.
[0012] Furthermore, the control feedback components include a temperature feedback device, a pressure feedback device, and an electronic controller. The pressure feedback device and the pressure sensor are connected by wires. The pressure feedback device acts on the electronic controller to detect whether the projectile has been fired. The temperature feedback device is connected to the temperature sensor by wires. The temperature feedback device acts on the electronic controller to detect the temperature inside the chamber, thereby determining the valve opening size and thus the ventilation volume. The temperature feedback device, the pressure feedback device, and the electronic controller are connected by wires. The electronic controller controls whether gas cooling is introduced into the main gas pipeline by controlling the opening and closing of the valves.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this utility model are:
[0014] (1) The present invention discloses a device for reducing the temperature of artillery by means of air cooling. When working, the rapid flow of pre-cooled dry air can achieve rapid cooling of the inner wall of the barrel.
[0015] (2) The present invention discloses a device for reducing the temperature of a cannon by means of air cooling. By controlling the opening and closing of the valves of the first annular array nozzle and the second annular array nozzle, different ventilation volumes can be achieved at different positions of the barrel, thereby achieving more efficient cooling of the inner wall of the barrel.
[0016] (3) The present invention discloses a device for reducing the temperature of artillery by means of air cooling. The rapid flow of air also has the effect of cleaning the gunpowder and metal residue inside the barrel, reducing barrel erosion and extending barrel life. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first annular array nozzle;
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the nozzle structure viewed along section AA;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view along BB;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first arc-shaped ring. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The terminology used in this utility model is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. The following description, in conjunction with the appendix, further clarifies this utility model. Figure 1-5 The following is a detailed description of some embodiments of this utility model.
[0023] Combination Figure 1 A device for reducing the temperature of a cannon by means of air cooling includes a barrel, a temperature sensor assembly, a pressure sensor 5, an air cooling assembly, and a control feedback assembly.
[0024] The barrel includes: sequentially a breechblock 1, a chamber 2, a breech 3, and a rifling 4; the middle of the chamber 2 and the middle of the rifling 4 have 6 stepped holes arranged in a circumferential array, including a first countersunk hole 20 and a second through hole 21.
[0025] Temperature sensor assembly: including first temperature sensor 6, second temperature sensor 7, and third temperature sensor 8;
[0026] The first temperature sensor 6 is located in the middle of the gun barrel 2, the second temperature sensor 7 is located in the middle of the bore 4, and the third temperature sensor 8 and the pressure sensor 5 are located at the tail of the bore 4. The first temperature sensor 6, the second temperature sensor 7, and the third temperature sensor 8 are located inside the barrel, separated from the inner wall of the barrel by a thin layer, and do not come into direct contact with the propellant gases.
[0027] Air-cooled assembly: including a first annular array nozzle 9, a second annular array nozzle 10, an air compressor 11, a refrigerated compressed air dryer 12, an air tank 13, and a valve 19;
[0028] The first annular array nozzle 9 and the second annular array nozzle 10 have the same structure; the first annular array nozzle 9 is fixedly installed in the middle of the medicine chamber 2, and the second annular array nozzle 10 is fixedly installed in the middle of the bore 4.
[0029] The first annular array nozzle 9 includes: five first arc-shaped rings, one second arc-shaped ring, and six bolts 22;
[0030] The six arc-shaped rings are installed as a single ring array nozzle by bolts 22 and mate with the stepped hole in the middle of the medicine chamber 2;
[0031] Each arc-shaped ring has an arc-shaped gas supply pipe inside. When the arc-shaped gas supply pipes are installed together, they form a ring-shaped main gas supply pipe 17. The inner ring of each arc-shaped ring is equipped with a nozzle 18. The nozzle 18 is matched with the first countersunk hole 20 of the stepped hole of the powder chamber 2. The through hole inside the nozzle 18 corresponds to the second through hole 21 of the stepped hole of the powder chamber 2, thereby realizing the communication between the main gas supply pipe 17 and the body tube. The outer ring of the second arc-shaped ring has an outlet of the main gas supply pipe 17 in the middle, and is connected to the gas storage tank 13 through a pipe. A valve 19 is installed in the pipe between the main gas supply pipe 17 and the gas storage tank 13. The valve 19 can be freely adjusted to determine the amount of gas ejected from the nozzle 18. At the same time, when the valve 19 is closed, it can also prevent the leakage of gunpowder gas. The refrigerated compressed air dryer 12 is connected to the air storage tank 13 via an air supply pipe. The air compressor 11 is connected to the refrigerated compressed air dryer 12 via an air supply pipe. The air compressor 11 compresses the air and then delivers it to the refrigerated compressed air dryer 12. The refrigerated compressed air dryer 12 converts the compressed air into refrigerated and dried compressed air and then delivers it to the air storage tank 13 for use during cooling.
[0032] Each of the first and second arc-shaped rings has a positioning protrusion and a positioning groove at both ends, which are used to cooperate with the adjacent annular rings to achieve positioning and sealing between the arc-shaped rings.
[0033] Control feedback components include a temperature feedback device 14, a pressure feedback device 15, and an electronic controller 16. The pressure feedback device 15 and the pressure sensor 5 are connected by wires. The pressure feedback device 15 acts on the electronic controller 16 to detect whether the projectile has been fired. The temperature feedback device 14 is connected to the first temperature sensor 6, the second temperature sensor 7, and the third temperature sensor 8 by wires. The temperature feedback device 14 acts on the electronic controller to detect the temperature inside the chamber, thereby determining the valve opening size and thus the ventilation volume. The temperature feedback device 14, the pressure feedback device 15, and the electronic controller 16 are connected by wires. The electronic controller 16 controls whether gas cooling is introduced into the main gas supply pipe 17 and controls the opening size of the valve 19 by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 19.
[0034] Valve 19 is a high-pressure power station gate valve made of tungsten-molybdenum alloy, which can still work normally under the impact of high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the chamber.
[0035] Figure 4 Includes nozzle coupling bolt 22, which can be used to join the nozzles together to form a complete annular array nozzle, with a retainer provided below it to tightly join the nozzle components together.
[0036] Operating Process: During continuous firing of the artillery, the time interval between each shot is first input into the electronic controller. During firing, valve 19 is closed. When the projectile leaves the barrel, pressure sensor 5 generates a signal, which is then transmitted to pressure signal feedback device 15. Simultaneously, the three temperature sensors also receive corresponding temperature signals, which are transmitted to temperature feedback device 14. When pressure signal feedback device 15 detects a signal, it transmits it to electronic controller 16. Electronic controller 16 then reads the temperature readings from the corresponding temperature sensors on temperature feedback device 14 and determines the opening size of valves 19 for both annular array nozzles 9 and 10 based on the temperature readings, thereby reducing the temperature and conserving compressed air.
[0037] When valve 19 opens, compressed air in the gas tank 13 is ejected along the nozzle towards the muzzle, cooling the inner wall of the barrel during firing. Valve 19 closes after a pre-input time interval has elapsed since it was opened, allowing the next projectile to be fired.
[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for reducing the temperature of artillery by means of air cooling, characterized in that, It includes a tube, a sensor assembly, an air-cooling assembly, and a control feedback assembly; the annular array nozzles in the air-cooling assembly are fixed to the outer ring of the tube and communicate with the inner cavity of the tube, so as to introduce cold air into the tube and cool it down; the sensor assembly is installed on the tube and is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the tube; the control feedback assembly is used to control and feedback the working status of the air-cooling assembly.
2. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-cooled assembly includes a first annular array nozzle, a second annular array nozzle, an air compressor, a refrigerated compressed air dryer, a gas storage tank, and valves. The first annular array nozzle is fixedly installed in the middle of the gun barrel, and the second annular array nozzle is fixedly installed in the middle of the bore. The first and second annular array nozzles are connected to the gas storage tank through pipes. Valves are installed in the pipes between the first and second annular array nozzles and the gas storage tank. The valves are used to freely adjust the opening size to determine the amount of gas ejected from the nozzles. At the same time, when the valves are closed, they prevent the leakage of gunpowder gas. The refrigerated compressed air dryer is connected to the gas storage tank through a gas supply pipe. The air compressor is connected to the refrigerated compressed air dryer through a gas supply pipe. The air compressor compresses the air and then delivers it to the dryer. The dryer converts the compressed air into refrigerated and dried compressed air and then delivers it to the gas storage tank for use during cooling.
3. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first annular array nozzle and the second annular array nozzle have the same structure.
4. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The barrel includes, in sequence: breechblock, chamber, bore, and rifling; the middle of the chamber and the middle of the rifling have stepped holes arranged in a circumferential pattern, the stepped holes including a first countersunk hole and a second through hole.
5. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first annular array nozzle includes: multiple first arc-shaped rings and one second arc-shaped ring; all arc-shaped rings are fixedly connected to each other, and the outer ring of the second arc-shaped ring is provided with a main gas outlet, which is connected to a gas storage tank through a pipeline.
6. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each arc-shaped ring has an arc-shaped gas delivery pipe inside. When the arc-shaped gas delivery pipes are installed together, they form a ring-shaped main gas delivery pipe. Each arc-shaped ring has a nozzle inside. The nozzle is matched with the first countersunk hole of the stepped hole in the medicine chamber. The through hole inside the nozzle corresponds to the second through hole of the stepped hole in the medicine chamber, thereby realizing the communication between the main gas delivery pipe and the body pipe.
7. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that, Sensor assembly: includes a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor; the first temperature sensor is located in the middle of the propellant chamber, the second temperature sensor is located in the middle of the bore, and the third temperature sensor and pressure sensor are located at the tail of the bore; the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are located inside the barrel and do not come into direct contact with the propellant gases.
8. The device for reducing artillery temperature by air cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that, Control feedback components include a temperature feedback device, a pressure feedback device, and an electronic controller; the pressure feedback device and the pressure sensor are connected by wires, and the pressure feedback device is used to detect whether the projectile has been fired. The temperature feedback device is connected to the temperature sensor via a wire. The temperature feedback device is used to detect the temperature inside the chamber to determine the valve opening size and thus the ventilation volume. The temperature feedback device, pressure feedback device, and electronic controller are connected via wires. The electronic controller controls whether gas cooling is introduced into the main gas pipeline by controlling the opening and closing of the valve.