Lightning arrester on-line monitoring device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of online monitoring technology for surge arresters, specifically to an online monitoring device for surge arresters, comprising a main body of the monitoring device. The main body of the monitoring device is characterized by comprising a power supply circuit, a LoRa circuit, an MCU circuit, an RTC circuit, a digital tube driving circuit, an ADC circuit, and a FLASH circuit. The power supply circuit includes a P4 input port, a FA1 fuse, an R12 varistor, a P5 power module, a C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, a D6 Zener diode, and a U5 power chip. It communicates with a host computer via a LoRa wireless communication module, solving the communication distance problem and enabling long-distance networking. Furthermore, it supports parallel processing of multiple channels and data rates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of online monitoring technology for surge arresters, specifically to an online monitoring device for surge arresters. Background Technology

[0002] The main working principle of the online monitoring device for surge arresters is to collect the resistive current and leakage current passing through the metal oxide zinc surge arrester through a current transformer, filter out high-order harmonics through Fourier transform and other filtering algorithms to obtain a relatively accurate current parameter, and then monitor the insulation effect of the surge arrester by communicating with the host computer.

[0003] Existing surge arrester online monitoring devices transmit data to a host computer via a RS-485 bus. However, the RS-485 bus has limitations: its communication speed decreases over long distances, making it unsuitable for long-distance transmission; furthermore, the RS-485 bus uses a host-polling method, resulting in low throughput and unsuitability for applications with large data volumes, leading to poor real-time performance. Data can only be exported via the data bus, resulting in a time lag. When the entire power grid is shut down for maintenance or an anomaly causes a power outage, the device will also stop working due to the loss of power, making it impossible to monitor the surge arrester's status during the anomaly. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an online monitoring device for surge arresters.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an online monitoring device for surge arresters, comprising a main body of the monitoring device, which is composed of a power supply circuit, a LoRa circuit, an MCU circuit, an RTC circuit, a digital tube driving circuit, an ADC circuit, and a FLASH circuit. The power supply circuit includes a P4 input port, a FA1 fuse, an R12 varistor, a P5 power module, a C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, a D6 Zener diode, and a U5 power chip. The P4 input port, FA1 fuse, R12 varistor, P5 power module, C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, D6 Zener diode, and U5 power chip are electrically connected. The LoRa circuit includes LoRa... The LoRa module, R1 pull-up resistor, C1 filter capacitor, and R2 pull-up resistor are electrically connected. The MCU circuit includes an MCU chip, C4 filter capacitor, C9 filter capacitor, C10 filter capacitor, C11 filter capacitor, C12 filter capacitor, C13 filter capacitor, C2 compensation capacitor, C3 compensation capacitor, Y1 crystal oscillator, R9 pull-up resistor, C5 filter capacitor, R3 pull-up resistor, R4 pull-up resistor, P2 programming port, R6 pull-up resistor, R7 pull-up resistor, R8 pull-up resistor, C6 filter capacitor, C7 filter capacitor, and C8 filter capacitor. The MCU chip and C4 filter capacitor are also present. The following capacitors are electrically connected: C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C2, C3, Y1 crystal oscillator, R9 pull-up resistor, C5, R3, R4 pull-up resistor, P2 programming port, R6, R7, R8, C6, C7, and C8. The RTC circuit includes C14 and C15 compensation capacitors and the Y2 crystal oscillator, which are electrically connected. The digital tube driving circuit includes a U4 driver chip, C17 filter capacitor, and SM1 three-digit digital display. The U4 driver chip, C17 filter capacitor, SM1 three-digit LED display and SM2 three-digit LED display are electrically connected. The ADC circuit includes a P3 plug-in, D1 diode, D2 diode, D3 diode, D4 ​​diode, R11 sampling resistor, C18 filter capacitor and D3 Zener diode, which are electrically connected. The FLASH circuit includes a FLASH chip, C16 filter capacitor and R10 pull-up resistor, which are electrically connected.

[0008] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention includes an improvement whereby the main body of the detection device further comprises a lithium battery charging circuit. This lithium battery charging circuit includes a U6 charging IC, a C23 filter capacitor, a C24 filter capacitor, an R20 configuration resistor, an R23 configuration resistor, an R22 configuration resistor, an R21 configuration resistor, a C25 time configuration capacitor, a P6 lithium battery interface, and an R13 filter bead. The U6 charging IC, C23 filter capacitor, C24 filter capacitor, R20 configuration resistor, R23 configuration resistor, R22 configuration resistor, R21 configuration resistor, C25 time configuration capacitor, P6 lithium battery interface, and R13 filter bead are electrically connected.

[0009] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention includes an improvement whereby the lithium battery charging circuit is further equipped with an R18 current-limiting resistor and a DS1 LED light, which are electrically connected to the lithium battery charging circuit.

[0010] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention includes the following improvement: the power supply circuit is further provided with a C20 filter capacitor, a C21 filter capacitor, and a C22 filter capacitor, which are electrically connected to the power supply circuit.

[0011] To enhance the practicality of this device, the improvement of this utility model includes a power switching circuit in the main body of the monitoring device. The power switching circuit includes a current-limiting resistor R15, a current-limiting resistor R17, a transistor BG1, a transistor BG2, a transistor Q1, a pull-up resistor R14, and a pull-up resistor R16. The current-limiting resistors R15 and R17, transistors BG1, BG2, and Q1, the pull-up resistors R14 and R16 are electrically connected. Transistors BG1, BG2, and Q1 are all NPN transistors.

[0012] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention includes an improvement whereby the power switching circuit is further provided with a pull-down resistor R19, which is electrically connected to the power switching circuit.

[0013] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention includes the following improvement: the LoRa circuit is further provided with a 4-pin terminal and an IPEX interface, which are electrically connected to the LoRa circuit.

[0014] To enhance the practicality of this device, the improvement of this utility model is that the D3 Zener diode is a 5V Zener diode.

[0015] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention includes an improvement where the D6 Zener diode is a 6.8V Zener diode.

[0016] To enhance the practicality of this device, the present invention is improved by specifying that the current-limiting resistors R15 and R17 are the collector current limiting resistors of the 3.9V Zener diode D7 and the BG2 transistor, respectively.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an online monitoring device for surge arresters, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This surge arrester online monitoring device communicates with the host computer through a LoRa wireless communication module, which solves the communication distance problem and enables long-distance networking. In addition, it supports parallel processing of multiple channels and multiple data rates.

[0020] This surge arrester online monitoring device adds a display module to display the current collected on the surge arrester in real time. The displayed current parameters can be configured via LoRa. It also adds a storage module to store the data collected over a period of time.

[0021] This surge arrester online monitoring device, by adding a power switching module, enables it to continue operating when the power grid is abnormal. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is the power supply circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the lithium battery charging circuit of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is the power switching circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the LoRa circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is the MCU circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the circuit diagram of the RTC loop of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is the circuit diagram of the digital tube driving circuit of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is the circuit diagram of the ADC loop of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 This is the FLASH circuit diagram of this utility model; Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-9An online monitoring device for surge arresters includes a main body comprising a power supply circuit, a LoRa circuit, an MCU circuit, an RTC circuit, a digital tube drive circuit, an ADC circuit, and a FLASH circuit. The power supply circuit includes a P4 input port, a FA1 fuse, an R12 varistor, a P5 power module, a C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, a D6 Zener diode, and a U5 power chip. The P4 input port, FA1 fuse, R12 varistor, P5 power module, C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, D6 Zener diode, and U5 power chip are electrically connected. The LoRa circuit includes a LoRa module, an R1 pull-up resistor, and a C1 filter. The LoRa module, R1 pull-up resistor, C1 filter capacitor, and R2 pull-up resistor are electrically connected. The MCU circuit includes an MCU chip, C4 filter capacitor, C9 filter capacitor, C10 filter capacitor, C11 filter capacitor, C12 filter capacitor, C13 filter capacitor, C2 compensation capacitor, C3 compensation capacitor, Y1 crystal oscillator, R9 pull-up resistor, C5 filter capacitor, R3 pull-up resistor, R4 pull-up resistor, P2 programming port, R6 pull-up resistor, R7 pull-up resistor, R8 pull-up resistor, C6 filter capacitor, C7 filter capacitor, and C8 filter capacitor. The MCU chip, C4 filter capacitor, C9 filter capacitor, C10 filter capacitor, C11 filter capacitor, C12 filter capacitor, C13 filter capacitor, C2 compensation capacitor, C3 compensation capacitor, Y1 crystal oscillator, R9 pull-up resistor, C5 filter capacitor, R3 pull-up resistor, R4 pull-up resistor, P2 programming port, R6 pull-up resistor, R7 pull-up resistor, R8 pull-up resistor, C6 filter capacitor, C7 filter capacitor, and C8 filter capacitor. The following components are electrically connected: filter capacitors C11, C12, C13, C2, C3, Y1 crystal oscillator, R9 pull-up resistor, C5 filter capacitor, R3 pull-up resistor, R4 pull-up resistor, P2 programming port, R6 pull-up resistor, R7 pull-up resistor, R8 pull-up resistor, C6 filter capacitor, C7 filter capacitor, and C8 filter capacitor. The RTC circuit includes compensation capacitors C14 and C15 and Y2 crystal oscillator, which are electrically connected. The digital tube driving circuit includes a U4 driver chip, C17 filter capacitor, SM1 three-digit digital tube, and SM2 three-digit digital tube. The 3-digit LED display includes a U4 driver chip, a C17 filter capacitor, and SM1 and SM2 3-digit LED displays that are electrically connected. The ADC circuit includes a P3 connector, D1 diode, D2 diode, D3 diode, D4 ​​diode, R11 sampling resistor, C18 filter capacitor, and D3 Zener diode. The P3 connector, D1 diode, D2 diode, D3 diode, D4 ​​diode, R11 sampling resistor, C18 filter capacitor, and D3 Zener diode are electrically connected. The FLASH circuit includes a FLASH chip, a C16 filter capacitor, and an R10 pull-up resistor. The FLASH chip, C16 filter capacitor, and R10 pull-up resistor are electrically connected.

[0033] Furthermore, the main body of the detection device also includes a lithium battery charging circuit, which includes a U6 charging IC, a C23 filter capacitor, a C24 filter capacitor, an R20 configuration resistor, an R23 configuration resistor, an R22 configuration resistor, an R21 configuration resistor, a C25 time configuration capacitor, a P6 lithium battery interface, and an R13 filter bead. The U6 charging IC, C23 filter capacitor, C24 filter capacitor, R20 configuration resistor, R23 configuration resistor, R22 configuration resistor, R21 configuration resistor, C25 time configuration capacitor, P6 lithium battery interface, and R13 filter bead are electrically connected to increase the practicality of the device.

[0034] Furthermore, the lithium battery charging circuit is also equipped with an R18 current-limiting resistor and a DS1 LED light. The R18 current-limiting resistor, the DS1 LED light, and the lithium battery charging circuit are electrically connected to each other, which facilitates the increase of the practicality of this device.

[0035] Furthermore, the power supply circuit is also equipped with a C20 filter capacitor, a C21 filter capacitor, and a C22 filter capacitor. The C20 filter capacitor, the C21 filter capacitor, and the C22 filter capacitor are electrically connected to the power supply circuit, which facilitates the increase of the practicality of this device.

[0036] Furthermore, the main body of the monitoring device also includes a power switching circuit, which includes a current-limiting resistor R15, a current-limiting resistor R17, a transistor BG1, a transistor BG2, a transistor Q1, a pull-up resistor R14, and a pull-up resistor R16. The current-limiting resistors R15 and R17, transistors BG1, BG2, and Q1, and the pull-up resistors R14 and R16 are electrically connected. Transistors BG1, BG2, and Q1 are all NPN transistors, which increases the practicality of the device.

[0037] Furthermore, the power switching circuit is also equipped with a pull-down resistor R19, which is electrically connected to the power switching circuit to increase the practicality of the device.

[0038] Furthermore, the LoRa circuit is also provided with a 4PIN terminal and an IPEX interface, which are electrically connected to the LoRa circuit to increase the practicality of the device.

[0039] Furthermore, the D3 Zener diode is a 5V Zener diode, which increases the practicality of this device.

[0040] Furthermore, the D6 Zener diode is a 6.8V Zener diode, which increases the practicality of this device.

[0041] Furthermore, the current-limiting resistors R15 and R17 are respectively the collector current limits of the 3.9V Zener diode D7 and the BG2 transistor, which helps to increase the practicality of this device.

[0042] In summary, this surge arrester online monitoring device, during operation, converts mains power to DC power via a power circuit, providing both a 5V DC power supply and a 3.3V DC power supply for the entire unit. The FA1 fuse prevents subsequent components from burning out due to excessive current flow. The R12 varistor acts as a voltage regulator, preventing the system from breaking down downstream circuits due to instantaneous high voltage. The P5 power module converts the input mains power to 5V DC power. The C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor is used for filtering. The U5 power chip converts the 5V DC input power to the output 3.3V DC power. C20 and C21 filter capacitors, and... C22 is a filter capacitor used for filtering the input and output pins of the IC chip. The lithium battery charging circuit charges the lithium battery. R20 and R23 configuration resistors provide a bias voltage for the internal circuit of the IC. The LED (DS1) lights up when the lithium battery is charging, thanks to the current-limiting resistor (R18) and the LED setting. R22 configuration resistor configures the charging current, and R21 configuration resistor configures the charging threshold. The filter bead (R13) connects the negative terminal of the lithium battery to ground in the circuit. The power switching circuit switches to the internal lithium battery for continued power supply when the external power supply is abnormal. R19 is a pull-down resistor. The resistor ensures that the base signal of transistor BG1 is low when there is no signal input. Transistors BG1 and BG2 are used as switching transistors, as is transistor Q1. When conducting, the power supply in the circuit is provided by the lithium battery. The LoRa circuit realizes the conversion between LoRa signals and UART signals, and inputs and outputs wireless signals to the outside through the antenna port. A high-level reset circuit is formed by pull-up resistor R1 and filter capacitor C1 to reset the LoRa module. Pull-up resistor R2 is used to wake up the LoRa module. The 4-pin terminal is used to configure the LoRa module. The IPEX interface can be connected via an adapter cable. The antenna and MCU circuit are the core of this device, realizing functions such as external communication, data conversion, and peripheral control. Among them, the MCU chip is the core of the whole device. C4, C9, C10, C11, C12, and C13 filter capacitors respectively filter the power supply pins and programming interface of the MCU chip; C2 and C3 compensation capacitors are used in conjunction with the crystal oscillator of Y1; the power-on reset circuit is formed by the combination of pull-up resistor R9 and filter capacitor C5; pull-up resistors R3 and R4 are used for programming the JTAG port of the MCU chip.Pull-up resistors R6, R7, and R8, along with filter capacitors C6, C7, and C8, are used to drive the digital tube driver IC. The RTC circuit is a real-time clock circuit. Compensation capacitors C14 and C15 are used in conjunction with the Y2 crystal oscillator. The digital tube driver circuit drives the display of the digital tubes. The U4 digital tube driver chip drives the digital tubes. The SM1 3-digit digital tube displays the number of times the current flows through the surge arrester, and the SM2 3-digit digital tube displays the most recent current flowing through the surge arrester. The ADC circuit converts the acquired AC current... The AC current signal is converted into a DC voltage signal through an ADC circuit. The P3 connector is external, and diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 use a full-bridge rectification to convert the AC signal into a DC signal. R11, the sampling resistor, converts the current signal into a voltage signal. Zener diode D3 clamps the voltage at 5V to protect the MCU chip's pin input. Data storage is achieved through a FLASH circuit, using a FLASH chip for data storage. A pull-up resistor R10 disables the IC's write protection function.

[0043] In the description herein, it should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surge arrester online monitoring device, comprising a monitoring device body, characterized in that: The monitoring device mainly consists of a power supply circuit, a LoRa circuit, an MCU circuit, an RTC circuit, a digital tube driving circuit, an ADC circuit, and a FLASH circuit. The power supply circuit includes a P4 input port, a FA1 fuse, an R12 varistor, a P5 power module, a C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, a D6 Zener diode, and a U5 power chip. The P4 input port, FA1 fuse, R12 varistor, P5 power module, C19 aluminum electrolytic capacitor, D6 Zener diode, and U5 power chip are electrically connected. The LoRa circuit includes a LoRa module, an R1 pull-up resistor, a C1 filter capacitor, and an R2 pull-up resistor. The module, pull-up resistor R1, filter capacitor C1, and pull-up resistor R2 are electrically connected. The MCU circuit includes an MCU chip, filter capacitors C4, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, compensation capacitor C2, compensation capacitor C3, Y1 crystal oscillator, pull-up resistors R9, C5, R3, and R4, P2 programming port, pull-up resistors R6, R7, and R8, filter capacitors C6, C7, and C8, and the MCU chip, filter capacitors C4, C9, C10, and C11 are connected. The following components are electrically connected: capacitors C12 (filter capacitor), C13 (filter capacitor), C2 (compensation capacitor), C3 (compensation capacitor), Y1 crystal oscillator, R9 pull-up resistor, C5 (filter capacitor), R3 (pull-up resistor), R4 (pull-up resistor), P2 programming port, R6 (pull-up resistor), R7 (pull-up resistor), R8 (pull-up resistor), C6 (filter capacitor), C7 (filter capacitor), and C8 (filter capacitor). The RTC circuit includes C14 (compensation capacitor), C15 (compensation capacitor), and Y2 crystal oscillator, which are electrically connected. The digital tube driving circuit includes a U4 driver chip, C17 (filter capacitor), SM1 (three-digit digital tube), and SM2 (three-digit digital tube). The U4 driver chip, C17 filter capacitor, SM1 three-digit LED display, and SM2 three-digit LED display are electrically connected. The ADC circuit includes a P3 plug-in, D1 diode, D2 diode, D3 diode, D4 ​​diode, R11 sampling resistor, C18 filter capacitor, and D3 Zener diode. The P3 plug-in, D1 diode, D2 diode, D3 diode, D4 ​​diode, R11 sampling resistor, C18 filter capacitor, and D3 Zener diode are electrically connected. The FLASH circuit includes a FLASH chip, C16 filter capacitor, and R10 pull-up resistor. The FLASH chip, C16 filter capacitor, and R10 pull-up resistor are electrically connected.

2. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the detection device also includes a lithium battery charging circuit, which includes a U6 charging IC, a C23 filter capacitor, a C24 filter capacitor, an R20 configuration resistor, an R23 configuration resistor, an R22 configuration resistor, an R21 configuration resistor, a C25 time configuration capacitor, a P6 lithium battery interface, and an R13 filter bead. The U6 charging IC, C23 filter capacitor, C24 filter capacitor, R20 configuration resistor, R23 configuration resistor, R22 configuration resistor, R21 configuration resistor, C25 time configuration capacitor, P6 lithium battery interface, and R13 filter bead are electrically connected.

3. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lithium battery charging circuit is also equipped with an R18 current-limiting resistor and a DS1 LED light, which are electrically connected to the lithium battery charging circuit.

4. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply circuit is also equipped with a C20 filter capacitor, a C21 filter capacitor, and a C22 filter capacitor, which are electrically connected to the power supply circuit.

5. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main body of the monitoring device also includes a power switching circuit, which includes a current-limiting resistor R15, a current-limiting resistor R17, a transistor BG1, a transistor BG2, a transistor Q1, a pull-up resistor R14, and a pull-up resistor R16. The current-limiting resistors R15 and R17, transistors BG1, BG2, and Q1, and the pull-up resistors R14 and R16 are electrically connected. Transistors BG1, BG2, and Q1 are all NPN transistors.

6. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power switching circuit is also provided with a pull-down resistor R19, which is electrically connected to the power switching circuit.

7. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The LoRa circuit is also provided with a 4PIN terminal and an IPEX interface, which are electrically connected to the LoRa circuit.

8. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 7, characterized in that: The D3 Zener diode is a 5V Zener diode.

9. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 8, characterized in that: The D6 Zener diode is a 6.8V Zener diode.

10. The online monitoring device for surge arresters according to claim 9, characterized in that: The current-limiting resistors R15 and R17 are the collector current limits of the 3.9V Zener diode D7 and the BG2 transistor, respectively.

Images