Battery safety monitoring system and battery system

Abstract

This application discloses a battery safety monitoring system and a battery system. The battery safety monitoring system includes: a battery cell; the battery cell's casing includes a deformable portion, which deforms under pressure within the casing and protrudes outward from the casing; a detector located outside the casing, used to determine when a predetermined deformation occurs in the deformable portion; the casing has a first side plate, a second side plate, and a cover plate, the area of ​​the first side plate being larger than the area of ​​the second side plate and also larger than the area of ​​the cover plate; the deformable portion is at least a portion of the second side plate or at least a portion of the cover plate. Since the pressure inside the casing is uniform throughout, the deformation of the deformable portion can reflect the pressure at various points inside the battery cell. Furthermore, since the deformable portion is at least a portion of the smaller plate in the casing, it can react to the internal pressure of the battery cell more quickly. Therefore, by determining when a predetermined deformation occurs in the deformable portion to perform safety monitoring of the battery cell, the accuracy of battery cell evaluation is improved, and the reliability of battery safety monitoring is enhanced.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202520748255X, filed on April 18, 2025, entitled "Battery Safety Monitoring System and Battery System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery safety monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a battery safety monitoring system and a battery system. Background Technology

[0003] Battery safety monitoring mainly involves judging whether there is a safety problem in the battery cell by the change in cell temperature. Specifically, the cell temperature is obtained by detecting the temperature at the battery tabs.

[0004] In a battery cell, temperature changes occurring in areas other than the tabs take time to travel to the tabs, resulting in a temperature delay at the tabs. Therefore, the temperature at the tabs cannot accurately assess the cell's overall temperature, leading to lower reliability in battery safety monitoring.

[0005] In conclusion, how to conduct battery safety monitoring to improve its reliability is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a battery safety monitoring system and a battery system to improve the reliability of battery safety monitoring.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A battery safety monitoring system, comprising:

[0009] The battery cell has a housing that includes a deformable portion, which deforms under pressure within the housing and protrudes outward from the housing.

[0010] A detector, located outside the housing, is used to determine if the deformable part has undergone a predetermined deformation;

[0011] The housing has a first side plate, a second side plate, and a cover plate. There are two first side plates, two second side plates, and two cover plates. The first side plates, the second side plates, and the cover plates are adjacent to each other and connected to each other. The area of ​​the first side plate is greater than the area of ​​the second side plate and the area of ​​the cover plate. The deformable part is at least a portion of the second side plate or at least a portion of the cover plate.

[0012] Optionally, when the deformed portion is at least a part of the second side plate, the thickness of the first side plate and the thickness of the cover plate are both greater than the thickness of the second side plate, and / or the material strength of the first side plate and the material strength of the cover plate are both greater than the material strength of the second side plate.

[0013] Optionally, when the deformed portion is at least a part of the cover plate, the thickness of the first side plate and the thickness of the second side plate are both greater than the thickness of the cover plate, and / or the material strength of the first side plate and the material strength of the second side plate are both greater than the material strength of the cover plate.

[0014] Optionally, the deformable part is provided with a deformation seam, and the position of the deformable part with the largest deformation in a first direction is on the deformation seam, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the deformable part protrudes from the shell after deformation.

[0015] Optionally, the deformation of the set deformation is no more than 5 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the battery safety monitoring system further includes a battery pack housing with a receiving cavity, and the battery cell is located within the receiving cavity; along the depth direction of the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity has a top end and a bottom end;

[0017] Wherein, along the depth direction of the receiving cavity, the battery cells are in at least one row; the detector is located at at least one of the top and bottom ends of the receiving cavity; the detector is used to determine that the deformed portion of the row of battery cells adjacent to the detector has undergone a predetermined deformation; the depth direction of the receiving cavity is the direction in which the deformed portion protrudes from the housing after deformation.

[0018] Optionally, the housing is provided with tabs, and the tabs and the deformable part are located on different plates.

[0019] Optionally, the detector is a contact detector, the deformable part has a first state and a second state, the deformation of the deformable part in the first state is less than the deformation of the deformable part in the second state, the deformable part in the first state and the detector have a gap in a first direction, and the deformable part in the second state and the detector are in contact, the first direction being the direction in which the deformable part protrudes from the shell after deformation.

[0020] Optionally, the detector is a non-contact detector.

[0021] Optionally, the non-contact detector is an optical sensor, which includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is used to emit light, and the receiver is used to receive the light emitted by the transmitter.

[0022] Optionally, the deformable part has a first state and a second state, and the deformation of the deformable part in the first state is less than the deformation of the deformable part in the second state;

[0023] In one of the first and second states, the receiver receives light emitted by the transmitter; in the other of the first and second states, the receiver does not receive light emitted by the transmitter.

[0024] Optionally, in the first state, the receiver receives the light emitted by the transmitter; in the second state, the receiver does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter.

[0025] The optical path of the optical sensor is a straight optical path. Along the direction of the optical path, the housing has a first end and a second end. The transmitter is correspondingly disposed with the first end of the housing, and the receiver is correspondingly disposed with the second end of the housing.

[0026] The transmitting part of the transmitter and the receiving part of the receiver are both located on the protruding side of the deformable part. The transmitting part and the deformable part in the first state have a first preset distance in a first direction. The receiving part and the deformable part in the first state have a second preset distance in a first direction. The first direction is the direction in which the deformable part protrudes from the shell after deformation.

[0027] Optionally, in the first state, the receiver does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter; in the second state, the receiver receives the light emitted by the transmitter.

[0028] Along the firing direction of the transmitter, the housing has two ends, and one end of the transmitter and one end of the housing are respectively disposed thereon;

[0029] The receiving part of the receiver and the transmitting part of the transmitter are both located on the protruding side of the deformable part; in the first direction, the transmitting part is located between the receiving part and the deformable part in the first state; the projection of the receiving part along the first direction and the projection of the deformable part along the first direction have an overlapping part; there is an angle between the transmitting direction of the transmitter and the first direction, and the first direction is the direction in which the deformable part protrudes from the shell after deformation.

[0030] Optionally, the receiver is an array receiver, and the array receiver has at least two receiving parts, which are distributed along the transmission direction of the transmitter;

[0031] The deformation of the deformable part is different in the first direction, and the position of the light receiving part in the array receiver is different.

[0032] Optionally, the battery safety monitoring system further includes a controller connected to the detector, and the controller is used for early warning.

[0033] Based on the battery safety monitoring system provided above, this application also provides a battery system including the battery safety monitoring system described in any of the above claims.

[0034] In the battery safety monitoring system provided in this application, the cell casing has a deformable portion. Under pressure within the casing, this deformable portion deforms and bulges outwards. A detector is located outside the casing and is used to determine when a predetermined deformation occurs in the deformable portion. This predetermined deformation is greater than zero. Since the pressure is uniform throughout the casing, the predetermined deformation of the deformable portion can reflect the pressure at various points within the cell. Therefore, by determining when a predetermined deformation occurs in the deformable portion to monitor the cell's safety, the accuracy of cell evaluation is improved, effectively enhancing the reliability of battery safety monitoring.

[0035] Meanwhile, in the battery safety monitoring system provided in this application, the area of ​​the first side plate of the casing is larger than the area of ​​the second side plate of the casing, and the area of ​​the first side plate of the casing is larger than the area of ​​the cover plate of the casing. The deformable part is at least a portion of the second side plate or at least a portion of the cover plate. Thus, the deformable part is at least a portion of the smaller plate in the casing, and the pressure on the deformable part is greater, so that the deformable part can deform earlier. Therefore, the deformable part can react to the pressure inside the cell more quickly. Thus, by determining that the deformable part has undergone a set deformation to perform safety monitoring of the cell, the sensitivity of the cell evaluation is improved, and the accuracy of the cell evaluation is further improved. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application before deformation of the deformable part;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application under the condition that the deformable part undergoes a predetermined deformation;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a battery cell structure in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0040] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of another cell structure in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another cell structure in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another cell structure in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell and detector inside the battery pack casing in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0044] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the battery cells and detectors;

[0045] Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery cells and detectors in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0046] Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery cells and detectors in the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 2 of this application before the deformation of the deformable part;

[0048] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The front view of the structure shown;

[0049] Figure 13 for Figure 11 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of the battery safety monitoring system under the condition that the deformable part undergoes a predetermined deformation.

[0050] Figure 14 This is another structural schematic diagram of the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 2 of this application before deformation of the deformable part;

[0051] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The front view of the structure shown;

[0052] Figure 16 for Figure 14 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of the battery safety monitoring system under the condition that the deformable part undergoes a predetermined deformation.

[0053] Figure 17 for Figure 14 The diagram shows the structure of the battery safety monitoring system under the condition that the deformed part undergoes small deformation.

[0054] Figure 18 for Figure 14 The diagram shows the optical path of the battery safety monitoring system under the condition that the deformable part undergoes a large deformation (set deformation).

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0056] 1-Battery cell, 11-Housing, 111-First side plate, 112-Second side plate, 113-Cover plate, 114-Deformation part, 115-Deformation joint, 1151-First deformation joint, 1152-Second deformation joint, 1153-Third deformation joint, 1154-Fourth deformation joint, 1155-Fifth deformation joint, 12-Taper;

[0057] 2-Detector, 2a-Contact detector, 2b-Optical sensor, 21-Transmitter, 22-Receiver, 22a-Array receiver;

[0058] 3-Battery pack casing, 31-Receiving cavity, 32-Top, 33-Bottom;

[0059] 01 - First vertex, 02 - Second vertex, 03 - Third vertex, 04 - Fourth vertex. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0061] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this application, “one or more” means one, two, or more; “and / or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character “ / ” generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an “or” relationship.

[0062] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0063] The "multiple" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to two or more. It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying order.

[0064] The terms "parallel" and "perpendicular" used in this application refer to "basically parallel" and "basically perpendicular" in practical operation. "Basically parallel" can be understood as parallelism with a certain degree of error, and similarly, "basically perpendicular" can be understood as perpendicularity with a certain degree of error.

[0065] This application provides a battery safety monitoring system and a battery system to improve the reliability of battery safety monitoring.

[0066] The battery safety monitoring system is described in detail below through two embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Example 1 of this application

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 1 of this application includes: a battery cell 1 and a detector 2.

[0069] The battery cell 1 includes: a housing 11, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte; wherein the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the electrolyte are all located inside the housing 11.

[0070] The housing 11 has two first side plates 111, two second side plates 112, and two cover plates 113. The first side plates 111 are two in number and opposite to each other, the second side plates 112 are two in number and opposite to each other, and the cover plates 113 are two in number and opposite to each other. Each pair of the first side plates 111, second side plates 112, and cover plates 113 is adjacent to and connected. The area of ​​the first side plate 111 is larger than the area of ​​the second side plate 112, and the area of ​​the first side plate 111 is larger than the area of ​​the cover plate 113. For example, the housing 11 is rectangular, with each pair of the first side plates 111, second side plates 112, and cover plates 113 adjacent to each other and perpendicularly connected.

[0071] The housing 11 includes a deformable portion 114. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the deformable part 114 deforms under the pressure inside the housing 11 and protrudes outward from the housing 11. The pressure inside the housing 11 can be understood as the pressure inside the battery cell 1.

[0072] Specifically, when the pressure inside the housing 11 is greater than the pressure outside the housing 11, the deformable part 114 may deform and protrude outward from the housing 11; or, when the pressure inside the housing 11 is greater than the pressure outside the housing, and the difference between the pressure inside the housing 11 and the pressure outside the housing 11 is greater than a set pressure, the deformable part 114 may deform and protrude outward from the housing 11.

[0073] The pressure outside the housing 11 can be standard atmospheric pressure, which can be denoted as 0.1 MPa. For example, when the pressure inside the housing 11 is greater than 0.1 MPa but not greater than 0.6 MPa, the deformable portion 114 can deform and bulge outward from the housing 11; or, when the pressure inside the housing 11 is greater than 0.1 MPa but not greater than 0.5 MPa, the deformable portion 114 can deform and bulge outward from the housing 11; or, when the pressure inside the housing 11 is greater than 0.1 MPa but not greater than 0.4 MPa, the deformable portion 114 can deform and bulge outward from the housing 11; or, when the pressure inside the housing 11 is greater than 0.1 MPa but not greater than 0.3 MPa, the deformable portion 114 can deform and bulge outward from the housing 11.

[0074] For ease of subsequent description, the first direction is the direction in which the deformable part 114 protrudes from the shell 11 after deformation.

[0075] In practice, as the position of the deformable part 114 changes, the first direction is not limited to... Figure 1 The direction shown.

[0076] The deformable portion 114 can be at least a part of the second side plate 112. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the deformable portion 114 can be the entire second side plate 112; or, the deformable portion 114 can be a part of the second side plate 112.

[0077] The deformed portion 114 can also be at least a portion of the cover plate 113. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the deformable part 114 can be the entire cover plate 113; or, the deformable part 114 can be a part of the cover plate 113.

[0078] like Figure 1As shown, the housing 11 of the battery cell 1 is provided with tabs 12. To reduce the impact of deformation of the deformable portion 114 on the tabs 12, the tabs 12 and the deformable portion 114 are located on different plates. The plates containing the tabs 12 and the plates containing the deformable portion 114 can be adjacent or opposite each other. This confines the deformation to the non-tab area, reducing the deformation of the plate containing the tabs 12, thereby reducing the impact on the tabs 12 and other structures in the battery cell 1.

[0079] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the tab 12 is located on a cover plate 113, and the deformable part 114 is located on a second side plate 112. In this case, the side plate where the tab 12 is located and the side plate where the deformable part 114 is located are adjacent.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, the tab 12 is located on one second side plate 112, and the deformable part 114 is located on another second side plate 112. In this case, the side plate where the tab 12 is located and the side plate where the deformable part 114 is located are opposite each other.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, the tab 12 is located on two cover plates 113, and the deformable part 114 is located on a second side plate 112. In this case, the side plate where the tab 12 is located and the side plate where the deformable part 114 is located are adjacent. Of course, the deformable part 114 can also be located on two second side plates 112.

[0082] like Figure 6 As shown, the tab 12 is located on a second side plate 112, and the deformable part 114 is located on a cover plate 113. In this case, the side plate where the tab 12 is located and the side plate where the deformable part 114 is located are adjacent. Of course, the deformable part 114 can also be located on two cover plates 113.

[0083] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, detector 2 is located outside housing 11, and detector 2 is used to determine that the deformable part 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation, the deformation amount of which is greater than zero. Deformation amount refers to the deformation amount of deformable part 114 in the first direction.

[0084] Since the pressure inside cell 1 indicates its safety, the set deformation of the deformation part 114 can indicate a safety problem in cell 1. When detector 2 detects the set deformation of the deformation part 114, it confirms a safety problem in cell 1, thus enabling safety monitoring of cell 1. Simultaneously, because the pressure is uniform throughout the casing 11, the set deformation of the deformation part 114 can reflect the pressure at various points inside cell 1, improving the accuracy of cell 1 evaluation and effectively enhancing the reliability of battery safety monitoring.

[0085] Since the area of ​​the first side plate 111 of the housing 11 is larger than the area of ​​the second side plate 112 of the housing 11, and the area of ​​the first side plate 111 of the housing 11 is larger than the area of ​​the cover plate 113 of the housing 11, and the deformable part 114 is at least a part of the second side plate 112 or at least a part of the cover plate 113, the deformable part 114 is at least a part of the smaller plate in the housing 11. The deformable part 114 is subjected to greater pressure, so that the deformable part 114 can deform earlier. Thus, the deformable part 114 can react to the pressure inside the cell 1 more quickly, which improves the sensitivity of evaluating the cell 1 and further improves the accuracy of evaluating the cell 1, thereby further improving the reliability of battery safety monitoring.

[0086] In the first embodiment of this application, the deformable part 114 deforms under the pressure inside the housing 11. The noise generated during the deformation of the deformable part 114 is small, which improves the performance of the battery safety monitoring system. Moreover, the original design of the battery cell can be changed without changing it, and the battery cell 1 can be reused to the maximum extent.

[0087] The capacity of cell 1 is directly proportional to the volume of casing 11; the larger the capacity of cell 1, the larger the volume of casing 11. Therefore, for large-capacity cell 1, the reliability of the battery safety monitoring system described above can be significantly improved.

[0088] In Embodiment 1 of this application, the area of ​​the second side plate 112 and the area of ​​the cover plate 113 may be equal or unequal. When the areas of the second side plate 112 and the cover plate 113 are unequal, the area of ​​the second side plate 112 is greater than the area of ​​the cover plate 113, or the area of ​​the second side plate 112 is less than the area of ​​the cover plate 113.

[0089] In Embodiment 1 of this application, the deformable portion 114 of the battery cell 1 can be one or more. To reduce the impact of the deformable portion 114 on the entire battery cell 1, it can be selected that there is only one deformable portion 114 in the battery cell 1. For example, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the deformed part 114 is a second side plate 112; or, as Figure 6 As shown, the deformable part 114 is a cover plate 113.

[0090] When the deformable portion 114 is at least a part of the second side plate 112, in order to facilitate the deformation of the deformable portion 114, the thickness of the second side plate 112 is less than the thickness of the first side plate 111, and the thickness of the second side plate 112 is less than the thickness of the cover plate 113. In this way, the thickness of different side plates can be adjusted, which simplifies the production of the housing 11 and reduces the cost of the housing 11.

[0091] Of course, the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be facilitated in other ways. For example, the material strength of the second side plate 112 is less than that of the first side plate 111, and the material strength of the second side plate 112 is less than that of the cover plate 113. In this way, the cost of the shell 11 can also be reduced.

[0092] In practice, the two methods described above can be combined. Specifically, the thickness of the second side plate 112 is less than the thickness of the first side plate 111, the thickness of the second side plate 112 is less than the thickness of the cover plate 113, and the material strength of the second side plate 112 is less than the material strength of the first side plate 111, and the material strength of the second side plate 112 is less than the material strength of the cover plate 113. In this way, by using two methods to facilitate the deformation of the deformable part 114, the deformation amount of the deformable part 114 is effectively increased. The deformable part 114 can more sensitively respond to the pressure inside the battery cell 1, improving the sensitivity and accuracy of evaluating the battery cell 1.

[0093] When the deformable portion 114 is at least a part of the cover plate 113, in order to facilitate the deformation of the deformable portion 114, the thickness of the cover plate 113 is less than the thickness of the first side plate 111 and the thickness of the cover plate 113 is less than the thickness of the second side plate 112. In this way, the thickness of the different side plates can be adjusted, which simplifies the production of the housing 11 and reduces the cost of the housing 11.

[0094] Of course, the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be facilitated in other ways. For example, the material strength of the cover plate 113 is less than that of the first side plate 111, and the material strength of the cover plate 113 is less than that of the second side plate 112. In this way, the cost of the shell 11 can also be reduced.

[0095] In practice, the two methods described above can be combined. Specifically, the thickness of the cover plate 113 is less than the thickness of the first side plate 111, the thickness of the cover plate 113 is less than the thickness of the second side plate 112, and the material strength of the cover plate 113 is less than the material strength of the first side plate 111 and the material strength of the cover plate 113 is less than the material strength of the second side plate 112. In this way, by using two methods to facilitate the deformation of the deformable part 114, the deformation amount of the deformable part 114 is effectively increased. The deformable part 114 can more sensitively respond to the pressure inside the battery cell 1, improving the sensitivity and accuracy of evaluating the battery cell 1.

[0096] In Embodiment 1 of this application, other methods can also be used to facilitate the deformation of the deformable part 114. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the deformable portion 114 is provided with a deformation seam 115, and the location of the deformation of the deformable portion 114 with the largest deformation in the first direction is on the deformation seam 115. Thus, under the pressure within the shell 11, the deformation seam 115 deforms preferentially, resulting in a deformation of the deformation seam 115 that is greater than the deformation of other parts of the deformable portion 114 besides the deformation seam 115. Here, the deformation refers to the deformation in the first direction.

[0097] The aforementioned deformation joint 115 may include at least one of the following structures: weld joint, stamping mark, and groove. The groove may be obtained through a turning process, the stamping mark through a stamping process, and the weld joint through a welding process. Of course, the deformation joint 115 may also have other structures, and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0098] The specific distribution of deformation joint 115 should be selected based on the actual situation. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the deformable portion 114 before deformation is rectangular or square, and the deformation seam 115 includes: a first deformation seam 1151, a second deformation seam 1152, a third deformation seam 1153, a fourth deformation seam 1154, and a fifth deformation seam 1155. The first deformation seam 1151 is disposed along a second direction, and in a third direction, the first deformation seam 1151 is located at the middle position of the deformable portion 114; the second deformation seam 1152 and the third deformation seam 1153 are both located at the first end of the first deformation seam 1151 along the second direction, and the fourth deformation seam 1154 and the fifth deformation seam 1155 are both located at the second end of the first deformation seam 1151 along the second direction. The first apex 01 and the second apex 02 of the deformable portion 114 are both close to the first end of the first deformation seam 1151. The third apex 03 and the fourth apex 04 of 14 are both close to the second end of the first deformation joint 1151. The second deformation joint 1152 extends from the first end of the first deformation joint 1151 to the first apex 01. The third deformation joint 1153 extends from the first end of the first deformation joint 1151 to the second apex 02. The fourth deformation joint 1154 extends from the second end of the first deformation joint 1151 to the third apex 03. The fifth deformation joint 1155 extends from the second end of the first deformation joint 1151 to the fourth apex 04.

[0099] The second direction can be the length direction of the deformable part 114, and the third direction can be the width direction of the deformable part 114, with the third direction perpendicular to the second direction. Of course, the second direction and the third direction can also be inclined relative to each other.

[0100] In practice, the deformation joints 115 can be distributed in other ways, and there can be one, two, three, four, six or more deformation joints 115. This application does not limit this in Embodiment 1.

[0101] In Embodiment 1 of this application, the deformation range of the deformable part 114 is selected according to the actual situation. To achieve the purpose of safety monitoring and early warning, the deformation range should not be too large. In practice, the deformation range is no greater than 5mm. For example, the deformation range may be no greater than 4mm, or no greater than 3mm, or no greater than 2mm, or no greater than 1mm.

[0102] In a battery safety monitoring system, cell 1 can be one or more. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the battery safety monitoring system may also include a battery pack housing 3, which has a receiving cavity 31, within which the battery cell 1 is located. Along the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, the receiving cavity 31 has a top end 32 and a bottom end 33. A detector 2 is located at the top end 32 of the receiving cavity 31. The depth direction of the receiving cavity 31 is a first direction, which can be understood as the direction in which the deformable portion 114 protrudes from the housing 11 after deformation. This facilitates the placement of the detector 2, and the detector 2 does not need to occupy space in the receiving cavity 31 in the second and third directions, thereby reducing the area occupied by the battery pack housing 3 in the plane, which is parallel to the second and third directions. To ensure that the detector 2 can determine that the deformable portion 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation, when the detector 2 is located at the top end 32 of the receiving cavity 31, the deformable portion 114 is located at the end of the battery cell 1 closest to the top end 32.

[0103] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, along the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, the battery cells 1 are arranged in a row. In this case, each battery cell 1 has a deformable part 114. The battery cells 1 and the detector 2 correspond one-to-one. It can also be understood that the deformable part 114 and the detector 2 correspond one-to-one.

[0104] In practice, it is also possible to choose either the two deformable parts 114 to share detector 2 or a portion of detector 2.

[0105] like Figure 9 As shown, along the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, there are two rows of battery cells 1. In this case, the detector 2 corresponds to the row of battery cells 1 adjacent to the detector 2. That is, the detector 2 is used to determine that the deformed part 114 of the row of battery cells 1 adjacent to the detector 2 has undergone a set deformation, but the detector 2 is not used to determine that the deformed part 114 of the other row of battery cells 1 has undergone a set deformation.

[0106] In practice, along the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, the battery cells 1 can also be arranged in at least three rows. In this case, along the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, the detector 2 is used to determine whether the deformed portion 14 of the row of battery cells 1 adjacent to the detector 2 has undergone a predetermined deformation.

[0107] like Figure 10 As shown, the detector 2 can also be located at the bottom 33 of the receiving cavity 31; along the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, there is at least one row of battery cells 1, and the detector 2 is used to determine that the deformable portion 14 of the row of battery cells 1 adjacent to the detector 2 has undergone a predetermined deformation. In order to ensure that the detector 2 can determine that the deformable portion 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation, when the detector 2 is located at the bottom 33 of the receiving cavity 31, the deformable portion 114 is located at the end of the battery cell 1 near the bottom 33.

[0108] In practice, detector 2 can be located at the top 32 and bottom 33 of the receiving cavity 31. There are at least two detectors 2, one at the top 32 and one at the bottom 33 of the receiving cavity 31. To ensure that detector 2 can detect that the deformable part 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation, when detector 2 is located at both the top 32 and bottom 33 of the receiving cavity 31, the end of the battery cell 1 closest to the bottom 33 and the end of the battery cell 1 closest to the top 32 are both provided with the deformable part 114.

[0109] In the first embodiment of this application, within the battery pack casing 3, in the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, there may be gaps or other components between two adjacent rows of cells 1.

[0110] In the first embodiment of this application, in the depth direction of the receiving cavity 31, when there are at least two rows of battery cells 1, the deformable portions 114 of the battery cells 1 in at least two rows all deform, so that the deformation can be superimposed in the first direction. The detector 2 can quickly determine that the deformable portions 114 have undergone a set deformation, further evaluate the sensitivity of the battery cells 1, and further improve the accuracy of evaluating the battery cells 1, thereby further improving the reliability of battery safety monitoring.

[0111] To detect battery safety issues, the aforementioned battery safety monitoring system also includes a controller connected to the detector 2. The controller is used for early warning. Specifically, when the detector 2 determines that the deformed part 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation, the controller issues an early warning.

[0112] The controller issues warnings by issuing warning signals, which can be voltage or current signals.

[0113] The controller can be a control module for the battery management system or a control module for the battery fire suppression system. Alternatively, the controller can be configured independently, with both the controller and the control module for the battery management system being relatively independent.

[0114] In Embodiment 1 of this application, as Figure 1As shown, detector 2 can be a contact detector 2a. Contact detector 2a has a lower cost, which can reduce the cost of the battery safety monitoring system.

[0115] The deformable portion 114 has a first state and a second state, wherein the deformation of the deformable portion 114 in the first state is less than the deformation of the deformable portion 114 in the second state. For example, the first state can be the state of the deformable portion 114 before deformation. Figure 1 The deformable part 114 is in the first state; the second state can be a state in which the deformable part 114 undergoes a predetermined deformation. Figure 2 The deformable part 114 is in the second state.

[0116] To facilitate detector 2 in determining that the deformable part 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation, the deformable part 114 in the first state and detector 2 have a gap in the first direction, while the deformable part 114 in the second state is in contact with detector 2. This also allows for adjustment of the warning pressure. Specifically, the smaller the gap between the deformable part 114 in the first state and detector 2 in the first direction, the smaller the predetermined deformation and the lower the warning pressure; conversely, the larger the gap, the larger the predetermined deformation and the higher the warning pressure. This allows the battery safety monitoring system to adapt to different warning requirements, expanding its versatility and feasibility.

[0117] The aforementioned warning pressure can be understood as the pressure inside the housing 11 when the detector 2 determines that the deformable part 114 has undergone a set deformation.

[0118] In practice, the deformed part 114 in the first state can also come into contact with the detector 2, and is not limited to the above embodiment.

[0119] The contact detector 2a can be a pressure sensor, a piezoelectric sensor, a resistive sensor, or other sensors that can monitor changes in pressure and contact. In this embodiment of the application, the type of contact detector 2a is not limited.

[0120] For example, the contact detector 2a is a pressure sensor. The deformable part 114 deforms under the pressure inside the housing 11, and the deformed part 114 contacts the pressure sensor to make the pressure sensor emit a pressure signal; or, when the pressure of the deformed part 114 on the pressure sensor reaches a set pressure value, the pressure sensor emits a pressure signal. The controller connected to the pressure sensor receives the pressure signal and issues an early warning, thereby realizing a safety warning.

[0121] When the deformation section 114 is provided with a deformation seam 115, since the deformation seam 115 deforms preferentially, the contact detector 2a can be arranged opposite to the deformation seam 115. This can be understood as: the detection end of the contact detector 2a and the projection portion of the deformation seam 115 in the first direction coincide, or the detection end of the contact detector 2a and the projection of the deformation seam 115 in the first direction completely coincide.

[0122] Example 2 of this application

[0123] like Figure 11 As shown, the battery safety monitoring system provided in Embodiment 2 of this application includes a battery cell 1 and a detector 2.

[0124] For descriptions of battery cell 1, the location of detector 2, and the function of detector 2, please refer to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0125] The main difference between the battery safety monitoring system in Embodiment 2 of this application and Embodiment 1 of this application lies in the different types of detectors 2.

[0126] In Embodiment 2 of this application, detector 2 is a non-contact detector. This non-contact detector can be an optical sensor 2b, an electromagnetic wave sensor, a camera, or other sensors that identify deformation in a non-contact manner. The optical sensor 2b can be a laser sensor, a photoelectric sensor, or other types. Because detector 2 is a non-contact detector, the deformed part 114 and detector 2 do not need to contact each other, reducing the probability of the deformed part 114 damaging detector 2, extending the service life of detector 2, and improving monitoring reliability.

[0127] To reduce the cost of detector 2 and improve detection accuracy, a non-contact detector can be an optical sensor 2b. The optical sensor 2b includes a transmitter 21 and a receiver 22. The transmitter 21 emits light, and the receiver 22 receives the light emitted by the transmitter 21. Thus, the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be determined based on whether the receiver 22 receives the light emitted by the transmitter 21 or not. Therefore, the method for determining the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be selected according to different requirements, improving design flexibility.

[0128] The deformable portion 114 has a first state and a second state, wherein the deformation of the deformable portion 114 in the first state is less than the deformation of the deformable portion 114 in the second state. For example, the first state can be the state of the deformable portion 114 before deformation. Figure 11 The deformable part 114 is in the first state; the second state can be a state in which the deformable part 114 undergoes a predetermined deformation. Figure 13 The deformable part 114 is in the second state.

[0129] In order to determine the predetermined deformation of the deformable part 114 based on the fact that the receiver 22 does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter 21, such as Figure 11 As shown, in the first state, receiver 22 receives light emitted by transmitter 21. Specifically, in the first state, the deformed portion 114 is outside the optical path of optical sensor 2b, and receiver 22 receives light emitted by transmitter 21. Figure 13 As shown, in the second state, the receiver 22 does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter 21. Specifically, the deformable portion 114 in the second state blocks the light emitted by the transmitter 21 in the optical path of the optical sensor 2b, thereby preventing the receiver 22 from receiving the light emitted by the transmitter 21. In this way, it can be determined that the deformable portion 114 has undergone a predetermined deformation based on the fact that the receiver 22 does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter 21.

[0130] To facilitate the setup of transmitter 21 and receiver 22, the optical path of optical sensor 2b can be a straight optical path; along the direction of the optical path, housing 11 has a first end and a second end, transmitter 21 and the first end of housing 11 are set accordingly, and receiver 22 and the second end of housing 11 are set accordingly.

[0131] like Figure 12 As shown, the transmitting part 211 of the transmitter 21 and the receiving part 221 of the receiver 22 are both located on the protruding side of the deformable part 114. The transmitting part 211 of the transmitter 21 and the deformable part 114 in the first state have a first preset distance δ1 in the first direction, and the receiving part 221 of the receiver 22 and the deformable part 114 in the first state have a second preset distance δ2 in the first direction. The second preset distance δ2 is affected by the first preset distance δ1. In this way, by adjusting the first preset distance δ1, the warning pressure can be adjusted. Specifically, the smaller the first preset distance δ1, the smaller the set deformation, and the lower the warning pressure; the larger the first preset distance δ1, the larger the set deformation, and the higher the warning pressure. This allows the battery safety monitoring system to adapt to different warning needs, expanding the versatility and feasibility of the battery safety monitoring system.

[0132] The linear optical path of the optical sensor 2b can be parallel to the plate (second side plate 112 or cover plate 113) where the deformable part 114 is located, so as to ensure that the receiver 22 receives the light emitted by the transmitter 21 when the deformable part 114 is in the first state. For example, the direction of the optical path can be a second direction or a third direction. In this case, the first preset distance δ1 and the second preset distance δ2 are equal.

[0133] Alternatively, the plate containing the linear optical path of the optical sensor 2b and the deformable part 114 can be slightly tilted. For example, the direction of the optical path and the second direction can be tilted relative to each other, or the direction of the optical path and the third direction can be tilted relative to each other. In this case, the first preset distance δ1 and the second preset distance δ2 are not equal.

[0134] As mentioned above, the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be determined based on the light received by the receiver 22 from the transmitter 21. To determine the deformation of the deformable part 114 based on the light received by the receiver 22 from the transmitter 21, as follows... Figure 14 As shown, in the first state, the receiver 22 does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter 21. Specifically, the deformed portion 114 in the first state is outside the optical path of the optical sensor 2b, so that the receiver 22 does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter 21. Figure 16 As shown, in the second state, the receiver 22 receives the light emitted by the transmitter 21. Specifically, the deformable part 114 in the second state is in the optical path and reflects the light emitted by the transmitter 21 to the receiver 22, so that the receiver 22 receives the light emitted by the transmitter 21. In this way, the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be determined based on the light emitted by the transmitter 21 received by the receiver 22.

[0135] like Figure 15 As shown, in order to facilitate the arrangement of transmitter 21 and receiver 22, housing 11 has two ends along the transmission direction of transmitter 21, and one end of transmitter 21 and housing 11 are respectively arranged; the transmitting part 211 of transmitter 21 and the receiving part 221 of receiver 22 are both located on the protruding side of deformable part 114; in the first direction, the transmitting part 211 is located between the receiving part 221 and the deformable part 114 in the first state; the receiving part 221 and deformable part 114 of receiver 22 are relatively distributed in the first direction, which can be understood as: the projection of receiving part 221 of receiver 22 along the first direction and the projection of deformable part 114 along the first direction have an overlapping part.

[0136] There is an angle between the first direction and the emission direction of the transmitter 21. For example, the first direction and the emission direction are perpendicular, and the emission direction of the transmitter 21 can be a second direction or a third direction; or, the first direction and the emission direction are inclined relative to each other.

[0137] In the first direction, the transmitting part 211 is located between the receiving part 221 and the deformable part 114. It can be understood that the transmitting part 211 and the deformable part 114 in the first state have a third preset distance δ3 in the first direction, and the receiving part 221 and the deformable part 114 in the first state have a fourth preset distance δ4 in the first direction, where δ4 is greater than δ3.

[0138] In the above structure, the warning pressure can be adjusted by changing the position of the receiving part 221 of the receiver 22 in the transmission direction of the transmitter 21. Specifically, the smaller the distance between the transmitting part 211 of the transmitter 21 and the receiving part 221 of the receiver 22 in the transmission direction, the greater the set deformation and the greater the warning pressure; conversely, the greater the distance between the transmitting part 211 of the transmitter 21 and the receiving part 221 of the receiver 22 in the transmission direction, the smaller the set deformation and the lower the warning pressure. In this way, the battery safety monitoring system can adapt to different warning requirements, expanding the feasibility of the battery safety monitoring system.

[0139] In the above structure, the warning pressure can also be adjusted by changing the third preset distance δ3. Specifically, the larger the third preset distance δ3, the greater the set deformation and the greater the warning pressure; the smaller the third preset distance δ3, the smaller the set deformation and the lower the warning pressure. In this way, the battery safety monitoring system can adapt to different warning needs, expanding the feasibility of the battery safety monitoring system.

[0140] In practice, the transmitter 21 and receiver 22 can also be distributed in other ways, and are not limited to these methods. Figures 14-16 The distribution pattern shown.

[0141] To further expand the feasibility of the battery safety monitoring system, the receiver 22 can be selected as an array receiver 22a, with at least two receiving parts 221 distributed along the transmission direction of the transmitter 21. Furthermore, the at least two receiving parts 221 are also distributed along a direction perpendicular to both the transmission direction and the first direction; for example, if the transmission direction is the second direction, the at least two receiving parts 221 are also distributed along a third direction.

[0142] The deformation of the deformable part 114 in the first direction is different, and the position of the light receiving part 221 in the array receiver 22a is different. In this case, the distribution of the array receiver 22a and the transmitter 21 can be referred to the previous description, and will not be repeated here.

[0143] like Figure 15 As shown, the deformed part 114 is in the first state, and the receiver 22 does not receive the light emitted by the transmitter 21; as Figure 17 As shown, the deformation of the deformable part 114 is small and the deformation is δ5. One of the receivers 22, the receiver 221, receives the light emitted by the transmitter 21; as Figure 18As shown, the deformation of the deformable part 114 is relatively large, with a deformation of δ6. The light receiving part 221 in the receiver 22 gradually moves closer to the transmitter 21. Thus, the deformation of the deformable part 114 can be determined based on the position of the light receiving part 221 in the receiver 22, and consequently, the pressure inside the housing 11 can be determined. Based on this, there is a correspondence between the position of the light receiving part 221 and the pressure inside the housing 11. When the position of the light receiving part 221 is a preset position, it indicates that the detector 2 has detected a set deformation in the deformable part 114. By adjusting the position of the preset position in the emission direction, the warning pressure can be adjusted. For example, the greater the distance between the preset position and the emission part 211 of the transmitter 21 in the emission direction, the smaller the set deformation and the lower the warning pressure; the smaller the distance between the preset position and the emission part 211 of the transmitter 21 in the emission direction, the greater the set deformation and the greater the warning pressure. In this way, by adjusting the position of the preset location, the battery safety monitoring system can adapt to different early warning needs, further expanding the feasibility of the battery safety monitoring system; moreover, it can also improve the accuracy of safety monitoring and early warning.

[0144] In the second embodiment of this application, the battery safety monitoring system also includes a controller connected to the detector 2. The controller is connected to the detector 2 and issues an early warning when the detector 2 determines that the deformed part 114 has undergone a set deformation.

[0145] When detector 2 is optical sensor 2b and receiver 22 of optical sensor 2b is array receiver 22a, and the position of light receiving part 221 is a preset position, detector 2 determines that deformation part 114 has been set, which can be understood as: the position of light receiving part 221 is a preset position.

[0146] For further details regarding the battery safety monitoring system in Embodiment 2 of this application, please refer to Embodiment 1 of this application; they will not be repeated here.

[0147] As can be seen from the above two embodiments of this application, deformation monitoring can be achieved by using a contact detector 2a to achieve a low-cost monitoring method, by using a non-contact detector to achieve a highly reliable monitoring method, and by using an optical sensor 2b and an array receiver 22a for the receiver 22 to achieve a high-precision monitoring method. In this way, the above battery safety monitoring system can adapt to different battery systems and different safety monitoring needs, thus expanding the feasibility of the battery safety monitoring system.

[0148] Based on the battery safety monitoring system provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides a battery system that includes the battery safety monitoring system described above.

[0149] Since the battery safety monitoring system provided in the above embodiments has the above-mentioned technical effects, and the battery system provided in this application embodiment includes the above-mentioned battery safety monitoring system, the battery system provided in this application embodiment also has the corresponding technical effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery safety monitoring system, characterized by, include: The battery cell (1) has a housing (11) including a deformable part (114), which deforms under pressure inside the housing (11) and protrudes outward from the housing (11); A detector (2) is located outside the housing (11) and is used to determine that the deformable part (114) has undergone a predetermined deformation; The housing (11) has a first side plate (111), a second side plate (112), and a cover plate (113). There are two first side plates (111) and they are distributed opposite to each other. There are two second side plates (112) and they are distributed opposite to each other. There are two cover plates (113) and they are adjacent to each other and connected to each other. The area of ​​the first side plate (111) is larger than the area of ​​the second side plate (112) and larger than the area of ​​the cover plate (113). The deformable part (114) is at least a part of the second side plate (112) or at least a part of the cover plate (113).

2. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, When the deformed portion (114) is at least a part of the second side plate (112), the thickness of the first side plate (111) and the thickness of the cover plate (113) are both greater than the thickness of the second side plate (112), and / or the material strength of the first side plate (111) and the material strength of the cover plate (113) are both greater than the material strength of the second side plate (112).

3. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, When the deformed portion (114) is at least a part of the cover plate (113), the thickness of the first side plate (111) and the thickness of the second side plate (112) are both greater than the thickness of the cover plate (113), and / or the material strength of the first side plate (111) and the material strength of the second side plate (112) are both greater than the material strength of the cover plate (113).

4. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The deformable part (114) is provided with a deformation seam (115). The position of the deformable part (114) with the largest deformation in a first direction is on the deformation seam (115). The first direction is the direction in which the deformable part (114) protrudes from the shell (11) after deformation.

5. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The set deformation amount is no more than 5 mm.

6. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a battery pack housing (3), the battery pack housing (3) having a receiving cavity (31), the battery cell (1) being located in the receiving cavity (31); along the depth direction of the receiving cavity (31), the receiving cavity (31) has a top end (32) and a bottom end (33); Wherein, along the depth direction of the receiving cavity (31), the battery cell (1) is at least one row; the detector (2) is located at at least one of the top end (32) and bottom end (33) of the receiving cavity (31); the detector (2) is used to determine that the deformable part (114) of the row of battery cells (1) adjacent to the detector (2) has undergone a predetermined deformation; the depth direction of the receiving cavity (31) is the direction in which the deformable part (114) protrudes from the housing (11) after deformation.

7. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The shell (11) is provided with a tab (12), and the deformation portion (114) is located on different plates.

8. The battery safety monitoring system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The detector (2) is a contact detector (2a), the deformation portion (114) has a first state and a second state, the deformation amount of the deformation portion (114) in the first state is less than the deformation amount of the deformation portion (114) in the second state, the deformation portion (114) in the first state and the detector (2) have a gap in a first direction, and the deformation portion (114) in the second state and the detector (2) are in contact, and the first direction is the direction in which the deformation portion (114) protrudes out of the shell (11) after deformation.

9. The battery safety monitoring system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The detector (2) is a non-contact detector.

10. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 9, wherein, The non-contact detector is an optical sensor (2b), which includes an emitter (21) for emitting light and a receiver (22) for receiving the light emitted by the emitter (21).

11. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 10, wherein, The deformation portion (114) has a first state and a second state, and the deformation amount of the deformation portion (114) in the first state is less than the deformation amount of the deformation portion (114) in the second state. In one of the first state and the second state, the receiver (22) receives the light emitted by the emitter (21); in the other state, the receiver (22) does not receive the light emitted by the emitter (21).

12. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 11, wherein, In the first state, the receiver (22) receives the light emitted by the emitter (21); in the second state, the receiver (22) does not receive the light emitted by the emitter (21); The optical path of the optical sensor (2b) is a straight optical path, and the shell (11) has a first end and a second end in the direction of the optical path; the emitter (21) and the first end of the shell (11) are correspondingly arranged, and the receiver (22) and the second end of the shell (11) are correspondingly arranged; The emitting portion (211) of the emitter (21) and the receiving portion (221) of the receiver (22) are located on the protruding side of the deformation portion (114), the emitting portion (211) and the deformation portion (114) in the first state have a first preset distance in a first direction, the receiving portion (221) and the deformation portion (114) in the first state have a second preset distance in the first direction, and the first direction is the direction in which the deformation portion (114) protrudes out of the shell (11) after deformation.

13. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 11, wherein, In the first state, the receiver (22) does not receive the light emitted by the emitter (21); in the second state, the receiver (22) receives the light emitted by the emitter (21); In the direction of the emission of the emitter (21), the shell (11) has two ends, and the emitter (21) and one end of the shell (11) are correspondingly arranged; The receiving part (221) of the receiver (22) and the emitting part (211) of the emitter (21) are located on the convex side of the deformation part (114); in the first direction, the emitting part (211) is located between the receiving part (221) and the deformation part (114) in the first state; the projection of the receiving part (221) along the first direction and the projection of the deformation part (114) along the first direction have an overlapping part; the emitting direction of the emitter (21) and the first direction have an included angle, and the first direction is the direction in which the deformation part (114) protrudes out of the shell (11) after deformation.

14. The battery safety monitoring system of claim 13, wherein, The receiver (22) is an array receiver (22a), and the receiving part (221) of the array receiver (22a) is at least two, and the at least two receiving parts (221) are distributed along the emitting direction of the emitter (21); The deformation amount of the deformation part (114) in the first direction is different, and the positions of the receiving parts (221) of the array receiver (22a) receiving light are different.

15. The battery safety monitoring system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, Further comprising a controller connected with the detector (2), and the controller is used for early warning.

16. A battery system characterized by, A battery safety monitoring system comprising the battery safety monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-15.

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