Anti-crystallization nozzle for air injectors
By installing a heating unit and a vibration unit inside the air jet nozzle, the Venturi effect, electric heating wire, and ultrasonic vibration are used to prevent the accumulation of crystalline substances inside the nozzle, thus solving the nozzle clogging problem and achieving stable fluid delivery and efficient jetting.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI CHANGQING CHEM ANTICORROSION EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing air injector nozzles are prone to clogging due to crystallization under complex operating conditions, affecting normal operation, especially in salt spray tests and SCR systems.
The nozzle housing employs a heating and vibration unit to accelerate the fluid using the Venturi effect, combined with an electric heating wire and an ultrasonic vibration unit to prevent the precipitation and aggregation of crystalline substances.
It effectively prevents nozzle clogging, ensures smooth fluid flow, reduces pressure loss, and improves the stability and efficiency of the injector.
Smart Images
Figure CN224346172U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air ejector technology, and more specifically, to an anti-crystallization nozzle for air ejectors. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of air ejector technology, the nozzle is a key component, and its performance directly affects the overall efficiency of the ejector. Currently, there are various types of nozzles on the market, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, common pressure nozzles have a certain dust removal effect under specific pressure and orifice diameter conditions, but they are prone to crystallization and clogging problems when faced with some complex working conditions.
[0003] In practical applications, such as salt spray testing in power systems, the technology disclosed in prior art document CN204724354 uses two mutually perpendicular glass nozzles with opposite outlets to atomize the salt solution using the air siphon principle. However, at the point where the fine mists from the two nozzles meet, due to the vacuum state, salt crystals easily precipitate. Over time, these crystals accumulate in large quantities at the nozzle openings, eventually causing nozzle blockage and severely affecting the normal conduct of the salt spray test.
[0004] For example, in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for diesel engine exhaust treatment, according to the prior art document CN106870073A, this system injects urea solution through a urea nozzle to purify the exhaust gas. However, due to the excessively high temperature in the exhaust pipe, the gas-liquid mixture produced by the urea solution is highly volatile or crystallizes at high temperatures. This not only clogs the nozzle but also reduces the atomization effect and injection accuracy of the urea solution, thereby affecting the performance of the entire exhaust purification system.
[0005] In summary, existing air ejector nozzles have many shortcomings in addressing crystallization issues and cannot meet the demands for efficient and stable operation under complex working conditions. Therefore, developing air ejector nozzles that can effectively prevent crystallization has significant practical implications and engineering application value. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-crystallization nozzle for an air jet, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that, over time, these crystals accumulate in large quantities at the nozzle orifice, eventually causing nozzle blockage and seriously affecting the normal conduct of salt spray tests.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an anti-crystallization nozzle for an air ejector, comprising a nozzle housing, a flow guide channel disposed in the middle of the interior of the nozzle housing, an inlet end disposed at one end of the nozzle housing, and an outlet end disposed at the other end of the nozzle housing. A heating unit and a vibration unit are installed in the middle of the inner side of the flow guide channel. The flow guide channel includes a throat section, one end of which is connected to a contraction section, and the other end of which is connected to a diffusion section. The contraction section is externally connected to the inlet end, and the diffusion section is externally connected to the outlet end.
[0008] This setup is based on the Venturi effect, where the fluid accelerates in the contraction section, reaches its maximum velocity in the throat section, and decelerates and increases pressure in the diffusion section. The heating unit reduces the probability of crystallization by increasing the fluid temperature, while the vibration unit disrupts the formation and aggregation of crystal nuclei through mechanical vibration.
[0009] Preferably, a groove is formed in the middle of the inner side of the nozzle housing near the throat section, and the heating unit includes an electric heating wire located outside the throat section, with the electric heating wire located inside the groove.
[0010] This recessed design provides a protective space, and the electric heating wire converts electrical energy into heat energy through the Joule effect, raising the temperature of the throat section and the internal fluid through heat conduction.
[0011] Preferably, the heating wire is wound around the outside of the throat section, and both ends of the heating wire are connected to an external power source via wires.
[0012] This feature includes a spiral winding design to increase the heating area, and an external power supply that dynamically adjusts the power through a temperature control system to maintain the fluid temperature above the crystallization threshold.
[0013] Preferably, an anti-clogging mesh cover is installed at the outer end of the outlet.
[0014] This feature physically intercepts crystalline particles larger than the mesh size and achieves self-cleaning through fluid impact.
[0015] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed on the inner wall of the throat segment.
[0016] This feature monitors the temperature of the inner wall of the throat segment in real time, providing feedback signals to the heating unit and forming a closed-loop control system.
[0017] Preferably, the vibration unit includes an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic transducer are connected by a waterproof cable.
[0018] Preferably, the ultrasonic generator is mounted on the outer wall of the nozzle housing, and the ultrasonic transducer is mounted on the inner wall of the throat section.
[0019] These two settings include an ultrasonic generator that produces a high-frequency electrical signal, which is converted into mechanical vibration by a transducer, and the cavitation effect is used to break up the crystal nuclei.
[0020] Preferably, the inner wall of the contraction section has a smooth conical transition surface with a cone angle ranging from 15° to 30° to reduce the resistance when the fluid enters the throat section. The inner wall of the diffusion section is provided with a spiral guide groove, which extends spirally along the fluid flow direction to enhance the turbulence of the fluid and prevent the deposition of crystalline substances.
[0021] The cone angle design of the contraction section conforms to the principles of fluid mechanics, and the spiral guide channel of the diffusion section enhances turbulence through centrifugal force.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0023] In the anti-crystallization nozzle of this air ejector, a groove is opened on the inner side of the nozzle housing and an electric heating wire is built in and wound around the outside of the throat section. The electric heating wire is connected to an external power source, which can heat the throat section, increase the fluid temperature, reduce the possibility of crystal precipitation, prevent crystals from condensing inside the nozzle, and ensure smooth fluid flow.
[0024] The vibration unit consists of an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, and a waterproof cable. The ultrasonic generator is installed on the outer wall of the nozzle housing, and the ultrasonic transducer is installed on the inner wall of the throat section. It can generate high-frequency vibration, making it difficult for crystalline substances to adhere to the inner wall of the throat section, dispersing the already formed tiny crystalline particles, and preventing them from agglomerating into large crystalline masses that block the nozzle.
[0025] The inner wall of the contraction section has a smooth conical transition surface with a cone angle of 15°-30°, which reduces the resistance of the fluid entering the throat section and reduces the risk of crystallization caused by changes in fluid flow rate. The spiral guide groove on the inner wall of the diffuser section extends spirally along the fluid flow direction, which enhances the fluid turbulence, disrupts the deposition conditions of crystallized substances, and further prevents crystallized substances from depositing and clogging the nozzle in the diffuser section.
[0026] The temperature sensor installed on the inner wall of the throat section can monitor the internal temperature in real time, making it easy to adjust the heating power of the electric heating wire according to temperature changes, achieving precise temperature control and ensuring the anti-crystallization effect; the anti-clogging mesh installed on the outer end of the outlet can intercept any large crystal particles that may be present, preventing them from entering the subsequent pipeline and causing blockage, thus playing a secondary protection role. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding channel in this utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit in this utility model;
[0030] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:
[0031] 1. Nozzle housing; 11. Inlet end; 12. Outlet end; 13. Groove; 14. Anti-clogging mesh cover; 2. Flow guide channel; 21. Throat section; 22. Contraction section; 23. Diffusion section; 24. Electric heating wire; 25. Temperature sensor; 26. Wire; 3. Vibration unit; 31. Ultrasonic generator; 32. Waterproof cable; 33. Ultrasonic transducer. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0033] This utility model provides an anti-crystallization nozzle for an air jet, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle includes a nozzle housing 1, a flow guide channel 2 is provided in the middle of the interior of the nozzle housing 1, an inlet end 11 is provided at one end of the nozzle housing 1, and an outlet end 12 is provided at the other end of the nozzle housing 1. A heating unit and a vibration unit 3 are installed in the middle of the inner side of the flow guide channel 2. The flow guide channel 2 includes a throat section 21, a contraction section 22 is connected to one end of the throat section 21, and a diffusion section 23 is connected to the other end of the throat section 21. The contraction section 22 is externally connected to the inlet end 11, and the diffusion section 23 is externally connected to the outlet end 12.
[0034] The fluid accelerates in the contraction section 22 according to Bernoulli's equation, with velocity increasing and pressure decreasing, forming a high-speed zone in the throat section 21. The diffusion section 23 decelerates and increases pressure. The heating unit's electric heating wire 24 locally heats the throat section through the groove 13, and the vibration unit 3 generates high-frequency vibration through the ultrasonic transducer 33. The Venturi effect optimizes the flow field and reduces pressure loss. The cone angle of the contraction section 22 is 15°-30°, with a critical value.
[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, a groove 13 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the nozzle housing 1 near the throat section 21. The heating unit includes an electric heating wire 24 located outside the throat section 21 and inside the groove 13.
[0036] The groove 13 protects the heating wire 24 from fluid erosion. The Joule effect causes current to flow through the resistance wire, generating heat energy, which raises the temperature of the throat section 21 through heat conduction. As the area with the highest flow rate, the throat section 21 is preferentially heated to prevent crystallization. The groove 13 prevents the heating wire 24 from directly contacting corrosive fluids.
[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the electric heating wire 24 is wound around the outside of the throat section 21, and the two ends of the electric heating wire 24 are connected to an external power source through wires 26.
[0038] The spirally wound heating wire 24 increases the heat dissipation area, and the external power supply wire 26 regulates the power through a PID controller to maintain the temperature of the throat section 21 above the crystallization threshold. Uniform heat distribution: The spiral structure ensures that the temperature gradient is ≤5℃.
[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, an anti-clogging mesh cover 14 is installed at the outer end of the outlet end 12.
[0040] The metal mesh 14 intercepts crystalline particles with a diameter larger than the mesh size, and the fluid scouring action causes some particles to detach. The mesh size can be customized, typically 50-200μm.
[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a temperature sensor 25 is installed on the inner wall of the throat segment 21.
[0042] A thermistor 25 monitors the temperature of the inner wall of the throat segment in real time, and adjusts the heating power after comparing it with a set threshold. Temperature fluctuation < ±2℃.
[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the vibration unit 3 includes an ultrasonic generator 31 and an ultrasonic transducer 33, and the ultrasonic generator 31 and the ultrasonic transducer 33 are connected by a waterproof cable 32.
[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the ultrasonic generator 31 is mounted on the outer wall of the nozzle housing 1, and the ultrasonic transducer 33 is mounted on the inner wall of the throat section 21.
[0045] An ultrasonic generator 31 generates a 20-40kHz high-frequency electrical signal, which is converted into mechanical vibration by a transducer 33. The cavitation effect generates tiny bubbles that break and impact the crystal nuclei, resulting in crystal particles with a size <10μm, compared to 50-100μm using conventional methods.
[0046] Furthermore, the inner wall of the contraction section 22 has a smooth conical transition surface, and the cone angle of the transition surface is in the range of 15°-30°, so as to reduce the resistance when the fluid enters the throat section 21. The inner wall of the diffusion section 23 is provided with a spiral guide groove, which extends spirally along the fluid flow direction to enhance the turbulence of the fluid and prevent the deposition of crystalline substances.
[0047] The converging section 22, with a cone angle of 15°-30°, conforms to the design for minimum fluid resistance, while the diffuser section 23 features a spiral guide channel that induces fluid rotation and enhances turbulence. Compared to traditional nozzles, pressure loss is reduced by 20%-30%.
[0048] In the anti-crystallization nozzle of this invention, the fluid first enters the nozzle housing 1 from the inlet end 11. Guided by the smooth conical transition surface of the contraction section 22 with a cone angle of 15°-30°, the flow velocity gradually increases and the pressure decreases. Subsequently, the fluid enters the throat section 21, forming a high-speed flow region. Finally, it decelerates and increases in pressure in the diffuser section 23 before being ejected from the outlet end 12. This process optimizes the flow field based on the Venturi effect, allowing the fluid to pass smoothly through the nozzle and reducing pressure loss and the risk of crystallization caused by sudden changes in flow velocity.
[0049] An electric heating wire 24 is wound inside the groove 13 on the outside of the throat section 21 and connected to an external power source via a wire 26. When current flows through the electric heating wire 24, heat is generated according to the Joule effect, and the heat is transferred to the throat section 21 and the internal fluid through thermal conduction. A temperature sensor 25 monitors the temperature of the inner wall of the throat section 21 in real time and feeds the data back to the control system. The control system adjusts the power of the electric heating wire 24 through a PID controller to maintain the fluid temperature above the crystallization threshold and prevent the precipitation of crystalline substances.
[0050] An ultrasonic generator 31 is installed on the outer wall of the nozzle housing 1, generating a 20-40kHz high-frequency electrical signal, which is transmitted through a waterproof cable 32 to an ultrasonic transducer 33 installed on the inner wall of the throat section 21. The transducer 33 converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration, inducing cavitation effect, which generates tiny bubbles in the fluid. The impact force generated when the bubbles burst disperses the crystal nuclei, preventing the crystal particles from agglomerating and growing, while reducing the adhesion of the crystalline material to the inner wall of the throat section 21.
[0051] The spiral guide groove on the inner wall of the diffuser section 23 causes the fluid to flow in a spiral, enhancing the degree of turbulence and disrupting the deposition conditions of crystalline substances; the anti-clogging mesh 14 at the outer end of the outlet 12 intercepts larger crystalline particles, preventing them from entering downstream pipelines or equipment; the external thread structure of the inlet 11 is connected to the sealing joint with an elastic sealing ring to ensure sealed fluid delivery and avoid local crystallization or fluid loss due to leakage, which would affect the anti-crystallization effect.
[0052] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An anti-crystallization nozzle for an air injector, comprising a nozzle housing (1), characterized in that: The nozzle housing (1) has a flow guide channel (2) in the middle of its interior. One end of the nozzle housing (1) has an inlet end (11), and the other end of the nozzle housing (1) has an outlet end (12). A heating unit and a vibration unit (3) are installed in the middle of the inner side of the flow guide channel (2). The flow guide channel (2) includes a throat section (21). One end of the throat section (21) is connected to a contraction section (22), and the other end is connected to a diffusion section (23). The contraction section (22) is connected to the inlet end (11), and the diffusion section (23) is connected to the outlet end (12).
2. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle housing (1) has a groove (13) in the middle of its inner side near the throat section (21). The heating unit includes an electric heating wire (24) located outside the throat section (21) and inside the groove (13).
3. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air jet according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electric heating wire (24) is wound around the outside of the throat section (21), and the two ends of the electric heating wire (24) are connected to an external power source through wires (26).
4. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-clogging mesh cover (14) is installed at the outer end of the outlet end (12).
5. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air jet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (25) is installed on the inner wall of the throat segment (21).
6. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration unit (3) includes an ultrasonic generator (31) and an ultrasonic transducer (33), and the ultrasonic generator (31) and the ultrasonic transducer (33) are connected by a waterproof cable (32).
7. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air ejector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ultrasonic generator (31) is mounted on the outer wall of the nozzle housing (1), and the ultrasonic transducer (33) is mounted on the inner wall of the throat section (21).
8. The anti-crystallization nozzle of the air ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the contraction section (22) is a smooth conical transition surface, and the cone angle of the transition surface is in the range of 15°-30°, so as to reduce the resistance when the fluid enters the throat section (21). The inner wall of the diffusion section (23) is provided with a spiral guide groove, which extends spirally along the fluid flow direction to enhance the turbulence of the fluid and prevent the deposition of crystalline substances.