Water intake passage wet concrete leveling structure
By combining the flexible connection components with the leveling device, the problem of insufficient adaptability and buffering capacity of wet shotcrete leveling devices in tunnel construction is solved, achieving efficient improvement in tunnel surface flatness and equipment reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CCCC TIANJIN HARBOR ENG DESIGN INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
In existing tunnel construction, wet shotcrete leveling devices cannot adapt to the undulating shape of the tunnel's initial support surface, causing the shovel plate to jam or miss areas, and they cannot buffer the impact force, which can easily lead to equipment damage and increased maintenance costs.
The design combines a flexible connecting component with a leveling tool. The flexible connecting plate and the leveling plate adapt to the undulations of the tunnel surface and buffer instantaneous impacts to avoid jamming and equipment damage.
It significantly improves the smoothness of wet-sprayed concrete surfaces, reduces the risk of shovel plate deformation and equipment damage, decreases downtime for maintenance, and improves construction efficiency and equipment reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224351972U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and in particular relates to a wet sprayed concrete leveling structure for water intake channels. Background Technology
[0002] In tunnel engineering construction, the initial support shotcrete (wet shotcrete) construction is a core link in ensuring the stability of the tunnel structure and the quality of subsequent processes. Its surface smoothness directly determines the effectiveness of the subsequent drainage system. Unevenness on the wet shotcrete surface can easily lead to cavities behind the geotextile and waterproofing membrane, potentially causing hidden dangers such as voids behind the secondary lining, severely impacting the overall construction quality and long-term operational safety of the tunnel. Therefore, to improve the surface smoothness of wet shotcrete, various wet shotcrete leveling devices for initial tunnel support have emerged, becoming indispensable auxiliary tools in wet shotcrete construction.
[0003] Currently, leveling devices used for wet shotcrete in the initial support of tunnels are typically fixedly connected to the wet shotcrete machine. The machine's robotic arm drives the leveling device's shovel to level the wet-sprayed concrete. However, fixed-structure leveling devices have significant drawbacks in actual tunnel wet shotcrete construction: First, the rigid connection cannot adapt to the undulating surface of the tunnel's initial support (especially the transition area between the arch and concrete). When facing concrete bulges at the arch and concave areas between the steel frames, the shovel is prone to jamming or missing areas, making it difficult to completely eliminate unevenness and limiting the improvement in flatness. Second, the fixed structure cannot buffer the instantaneous impact force between the shovel and hard objects such as the arch and hard aggregate. Long-term operation can easily lead to cracks at the welded joints of the shovel, deformation of the shovel, and even transmission of impact force to the wet shotcrete machine's nozzle, causing equipment damage and increasing tooling and equipment maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.
[0005] Therefore, one aspect of this application proposes a wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for water intake channels, comprising:
[0006] A wet spraying machine, wherein the wet spraying machine is equipped with a robotic arm;
[0007] A flexible connection assembly, disposed on the robotic arm; the flexible connection assembly includes:
[0008] Two elastic connecting plates are arranged along a horizontal first direction, and the two elastic connecting plates are spaced apart in the first direction; each elastic connecting plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the two connecting holes are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction;
[0009] A leveling device, the leveling device being connected to the resilient connecting assembly, the leveling device comprising:
[0010] The mounting plate is arranged along the first direction; two connection holes are respectively passed through both ends of the mounting plate.
[0011] A shovel plate, which is disposed along the first direction and located on the side of the mounting plate away from the elastic connection assembly;
[0012] A connecting plate is provided along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected to the mounting plate and the shovel plate.
[0013] The connecting plate comprises three plates, which are sequentially arranged as a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, and a third connecting plate along a first direction; the second connecting plate is arranged along the second direction; the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate are symmetrically arranged and inclined relative to the second direction, so that the distance between the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate gradually increases in the direction away from the elastic connecting component;
[0014] The elastic connecting plate is an elastic element; when both ends of the mounting plate are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole near the shovel plate, the ends of the two elastic connecting plates near the shovel plate are respectively attached to the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate.
[0015] In the technical solution, the structural design combines the elastic connecting components with the leveling tool, allowing the leveling plate to elastically yield and return to its original position according to the undulations of the tunnel's initial support surface. This not only conforms to the "rib-like" undulations of the arch-concrete transition zone, but also buffers instantaneous impacts when encountering steel frames or hard aggregates, avoiding "jamming" and "missed scraping". This significantly improves the smoothness of the wet-sprayed concrete surface, while reducing the risk of leveling plate deformation, weld cracking, and damage to the wet-spraying machine, and reducing the number of downtime maintenance.
[0016] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plates are all arranged along a second direction so that the spacing between two elastic connecting plates remains fixed in the second direction.
[0017] In the technical solution, the structural design ensures that when the leveler elastically retracts or resets, the elastic connecting plates on both sides can deform evenly to open or close, so that the leveler can move smoothly in the second direction, reduce or even avoid the leveler's swaying in the first direction, enhance the stability of the leveler along the mechanical arm's running trajectory of the wet spraying machine, and further improve the consistency of flatness.
[0018] In some embodiments, the included angle between the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate is 18° to 22°.
[0019] When both ends of the mounting plate are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole near the shovel plate, the distance between the contact point of the elastic connecting plate on the first connecting plate and the connection between the first connecting plate and the mounting plate is less than or equal to one-fifth of the length of the first connecting plate.
[0020] In the technical solution, the structural design allows the leveler to elastically retract and enter more of the space between the elastic connecting plates. The width change of the leveler between the ends of the elastic connecting plates is small, thereby reducing the deformation of the elastic connecting plates and ensuring that the elastic connecting plates can return to their initial state after deformation, thus improving the equipment life.
[0021] In some embodiments, the two connecting holes have the same length in the second direction; when both ends of the mounting plate are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole away from the shovel plate, the distance between the contact point of the elastic connecting plate on the first connecting plate and the connection between the first connecting plate and the mounting plate is less than or equal to two-fifths of the length of the first connecting plate.
[0022] In the technical solution, the structural design further ensures that the elastic connecting plates on both sides will not be over-opened at the maximum yield stroke, ensuring that the elastic connecting plates can return to their initial state after deformation, thereby improving the equipment life.
[0023] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plate is divided into an inner rigid part, an elastic part, and an outer rigid part arranged sequentially along the second direction;
[0024] The inner rigid part is connected to the robotic arm, and the outer rigid part is connected to the leveling device; the elastic part is used to generate elastic force during deformation.
[0025] In the technical solution, the structure is designed with a three-section structure of "inner rigid part - elastic part - outer rigid part". The elastic part concentrates deformation, and the rigid part provides installation and force transmission interface. This not only ensures the elastic buffer function, but also avoids stress concentration at the weld, thus improving the overall reliability and maintainability.
[0026] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plates are perpendicular to the first direction, so that the elastic portion can generate elastic deformation by bending.
[0027] In the technical solution, the structural design ensures that the second elastic connecting plate undergoes elastic deformation in the first direction, thereby ensuring that the leveler retracts or resets in the second direction, thus improving the smoothness of the leveler's movement.
[0028] In some embodiments, it further includes:
[0029] A connecting arm is provided, which is arranged along a second direction; one end of the connecting arm is connected to the robotic arm; a nozzle is provided on the robotic arm, and the end of the connecting arm away from the robotic arm is connected to the elastic connecting assembly, so that the elastic connecting assembly is located on the side of the nozzle away from the robotic arm in the second direction.
[0030] In this technical solution, the structural design places the elastic connecting component and the leveling tool as an integral part in front of the nozzle, preventing the nozzle from contacting the initial support surface of the tunnel during leveling operations and thus avoiding damage to both the nozzle and the initial support surface. Furthermore, this design keeps the elastic connecting component and the leveling tool horizontally away from the nozzle, preventing concrete rebound from contaminating the elastic elements and improving operational continuity and construction efficiency.
[0031] In some embodiments, the nozzle is disposed along a second direction and is disposed opposite to the connecting arm in a first direction;
[0032] In a third direction perpendicular to both the first and second directions, the outer rigid portion protrudes upward relative to the inner rigid portion.
[0033] In the technical solution, the structural design raises the outer rigid part, thereby forming a three-dimensional avoidance zone between the nozzle spray cone and the elastic connecting component. The entire motion envelope of the elastic connecting plate, mounting plate and leveler is placed outside the spray rebound zone, which not only prevents high-speed concrete particles from directly impacting or adhering to the elastic element, but also avoids mechanical interference between the leveler and the nozzle. The whole machine can run continuously in the synchronous operation of "spraying and leveling" without stopping for cleaning or avoidance, which significantly improves construction efficiency and equipment reliability.
[0034] In some embodiments, both the mounting plate and the shovel plate are perpendicular to the second connecting plate.
[0035] In the technical solution, the structural design forms a rigid frame, which improves the overall torsional stiffness, prevents the leveler from twisting and deforming under high-frequency impact, and ensures the flatness of the entire plane.
[0036] In some embodiments, the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate, and the third connecting plate are all connected to the same point on the mounting plate.
[0037] In the technical solution, the structural design instantly gathers the dispersed loads from different areas of the shovel plate into a single force transmission path, which is directly transmitted to the elastic connection component through the mounting plate. This avoids the additional bending moment and stress concentration caused by traditional multi-point connections, significantly improves the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the shovel, reduces the number of welds, lowers the risk of fatigue cracking, and extends the tooling life.
[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to an embodiment of this application;
[0041] Figure 2 This is a partial enlargement of the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;
[0042] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the leveler of the wet shotcrete leveling structure of the water intake channel according to the embodiments of this application, in its initial state.
[0043] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the leveling tool of the wet sprayed concrete leveling structure of the water intake channel according to the embodiments of this application, when it is in an elastic yielding state.
[0044] In the picture:
[0045] 1. Wet spraying machine; 11. Robotic arm; 12. Spray nozzle; 2. Flexible connection assembly; 21. Flexible connection plate; 211. Inner rigid part; 212. Elastic part; 213. Outer rigid part; 201. Connection hole; 3. Leveling tool; 31. Mounting plate; 32. Leveling plate; 33. Connection plate; 331. First connection plate; 332. Second connection plate; 333. Third connection plate; 4. Connecting arm. Detailed Implementation
[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0048] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0050] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the schematic embodiment of the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel of this utility model, the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel includes a wet spraying machine 1. The wet spraying machine 1 typically consists of a chassis, a power system, a concrete pumping mechanism, an additive metering system, a high-pressure air system, and a robotic arm 11. The chassis typically adopts a rail-mounted or tire-mounted walking mechanism, which can move flexibly in narrow tunnels; the power system is typically an electric-hydraulic or diesel-hydraulic dual-power configuration to ensure continuous operation. The concrete pumping mechanism typically uses a piston pump or a rotor pump to stably output pre-mixed wet concrete and simultaneously meter admixtures such as accelerators. The high-pressure air system uses compressed air to push the wet concrete at high speed along the delivery pipeline to the nozzle. The robotic arm 11 is typically a multi-joint hydraulic arm, and a nozzle 12 is typically installed at the end, thereby accurately delivering the nozzle 12 to any position on the tunnel arch, sidewalls, and working face to achieve full-section spraying.
[0051] In some embodiments, the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel further includes an elastic connection component 2. The elastic connection component 2 includes an elastic connection plate 21, which is connected to a robotic arm 11, thereby mounting the elastic connection component 2 on the robotic arm 11. Two elastic connection plates 21 are arranged along a horizontal first direction, spaced apart in the first direction. Each elastic connection plate 21 has a connection hole 201, which is arranged opposite to each other in the first direction.
[0052] In some embodiments, the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel further includes a leveler 3. The leveler 3 extends into the space between two resilient connecting plates 21, thereby connecting the resilient connecting assembly 2.
[0053] In some embodiments, the leveler 3 includes a mounting plate 31. The mounting plate 31 is disposed along the first direction such that one end of the mounting plate 31 passes through a connection hole 201 on a resilient connecting plate 21; the other end of the mounting plate 31 passes through a connection hole 201 on another resilient connecting plate 21. The connection holes 201 are generally disposed along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, thereby extending away from the wet spraying machine 1. Guided by the two connection holes 201, the mounting plate 31 is movable along the second direction.
[0054] In some embodiments, the leveler 3 further includes a scraper plate 32. The scraper plate 32 is disposed along the first direction and located on the side of the mounting plate 31 away from the resilient connecting assembly 2. The scraper plate 32 is used to adhere to the initial support surface of the tunnel after wet shotcrete to level the concrete.
[0055] In some embodiments, the leveler 3 further includes a connecting plate 33. The two ends of the connecting plate 33 are respectively connected to the mounting plate 31 and the leveling plate 32, such that the mounting plate 31 supports the leveling plate 32 through the connecting plate 33.
[0056] In some embodiments, there are three connecting plates 33, which are sequentially arranged along a first direction as a first connecting plate 331, a second connecting plate 332, and a third connecting plate 333. The second connecting plate 332 is arranged along the second direction, and the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 are symmetrically arranged and inclined relative to the second direction, such that the distance between the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 gradually increases in the direction away from the mounting plate 31.
[0057] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plate 21 is an elastic element, thereby generating elastic force when deformed. When both ends of the mounting plate 31 are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole 201 near the shovel plate 32, the ends of the two elastic connecting plates 21 near the shovel plate 32 are respectively attached to the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333.
[0058] The robotic arm 11, through the elastic connection assembly 2, drives the shovel plate 32 of the leveler 3 to slide along the initial support surface of the tunnel after wet spraying concrete, thus leveling the initial support surface. For example... Figures 3 to 4 As shown, when the surface of the tunnel initial support bulges, the leveling tool 3 is pushed towards the wet spraying machine 1, and more of the leveling tool 3 is pushed into the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21. Since the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 respectively contact the ends of the two elastic connecting plates 21, and the distance between the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 gradually increases in the direction away from the mounting plate 31, the leveling tool 3 is pushed into the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21 more, so that the distance between the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 between the two elastic connecting plates 21 gradually increases, which opens up the two elastic connecting plates 21, so that both elastic connecting plates 21 produce elastic deformation in the first direction, and the directions of deformation of the two elastic connecting plates 21 are opposite. When the shovel plate 32 slides away from the protrusion on the initial support surface of the tunnel, the elastic force causes the two elastic connecting plates 21 to close. The closed elastic connecting plates 21 push the inclined first connecting plate 331 and third connecting plate 333, causing the first connecting plate 331 and third connecting plate 333 to slide synchronously away from the mounting plate 31, so that the shovel plate 32 extends out of the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21 and returns to the initial state.
[0059] In the above manner, as the surface of the tunnel initial support undulates during the sliding process of the shovel plate 32, both ends of the mounting plate 31 slide in the connecting hole 201, maintaining the movable connection between the elastic connecting component 2 and the shovel plate 3.
[0060] Through the aforementioned structural design, the shovel plate 32, during its sliding process, exhibits elastic yielding and resetting as the surface of the tunnel's initial support undulates, maintaining a good fit between the shovel plate 32 and the tunnel's initial support surface. This adapts to the "rib-like" undulations of the arch-concrete transition zone. Furthermore, when the shovel plate 32 encounters protruding steel frames or hard aggregates, the elastic yielding buffers the instantaneous impact, preventing jamming or missed scraping during the sliding process. This significantly improves the smoothness of the wet-sprayed concrete surface and reduces the risk of deformation and weld cracking of the shovel plate 32 due to impacts, thereby reducing the number of downtime maintenance operations.
[0061] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plates 21 are all arranged along the second direction, such that the surface of the elastic connecting plate 21 is perpendicular to the first direction, and the distance between the two elastic connecting plates 21 remains fixed in the second direction. Furthermore, since the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 are symmetrically arranged, and both simultaneously contact the ends of the two elastic connecting plates 21, the central axis of the leveler 3 coincides with the central axis of the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21.
[0062] This structural design allows the leveler 3 to extend further into the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21. The first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 can push the corresponding elastic connecting plate 21 along the first direction to the same degree, causing the two elastic connecting plates 21 to deform at the same amplitude. When the leveler 3 extends further out of the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21 in a direction away from the mounting plate 31, the two elastic connecting plates 21 can push the first connecting plate 331 and the second connecting plate 332 to slide with the same elastic force, ensuring that the movement of the leveler 3 is in the second direction. This reduces or even avoids the leveler 3 shifting in the first direction during elastic retreat or reset. When the leveler 3 shifts in the first direction, it moves with the mechanical arm 11 of the wet spraying machine 1. After the leveler 3 slides through one area, when it slides through the next area, it is easy for un-leveled portions to form between the two areas. It is impossible to guarantee that adjacent sliding areas overlap, thus requiring a reduction in the interval between each operation of the leveler 3 along the tunnel length direction. This leads to an increase in the number of operations of the leveler 3 and extends the construction period. Therefore, reducing or even avoiding the offset of the leveler 3 in the first direction can ensure that the edge of the area that the leveler 3 slides over this time coincides with the edge of the area that it slid over last time, increase the interval of each operation of the leveler 3 in the tunnel length direction, reduce the number of operations of the leveler 3, and shorten the construction period.
[0063] In some embodiments, the included angle between the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333 is 18° to 22°. When both ends of the mounting plate 31 are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole 201 near the shovel plate 32, the distance between the contact point of the elastic connecting plate 21 on the first connecting plate 331 and the connection between the first connecting plate 331 and the mounting plate 31 is less than or equal to one-fifth of the length of the first connecting plate 331.
[0064] This structural design avoids an excessive angle between the first connecting plate 331 and the third connecting plate 333, preventing the leveler 3 from retracting too far into the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21, which could cause the two elastic connecting plates 21 to open too wide and result in irreversible deformation. This ensures that the elastic connecting plates 21 can deform and reset, pushing out and resetting the leveler 3. Furthermore, when the leveler 3 is in its initial state with both ends of the mounting plate 31 abutting against the end of the corresponding connecting hole 201 near the end of the flat plate 32, the contact point of the elastic connecting plates 21 is only at one-fifth of the length of the connecting plate 33. This provides sufficient travel for the leveler 3 to retract between the two elastic connecting plates 21 to accommodate larger surface undulations, and ensures that the maximum opening of the elastic connecting plates 21 is minimized, reducing the risk of plastic deformation and extending service life.
[0065] In some embodiments, the two connecting holes 201 have the same length in the second direction. When both ends of the mounting plate 31 are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole 201 away from the shovel plate 32, the distance between the contact point of the elastic connecting plate 21 on the first connecting plate 331 and the connection between the first connecting plate 331 and the mounting plate 31 is less than or equal to two-fifths of the length of the first connecting plate 331.
[0066] This structural design, through the equal-length connecting holes 201, ensures that when the leveler 3 moves along the second direction, both ends of the mounting plate 31 move synchronously, preventing the leveler 3 from tilting relative to the second direction. Furthermore, both ends of the mounting plate 31 simultaneously reach the end furthest from the connecting hole 201 from the leveling plate 32, allowing the leveler 3 to retract into the space between the two elastic connecting plates 21 and reach its maximum stroke. At this point, the contact point of the elastic connecting plates 21 is located at two-fifths of the length of the connecting plate 33. The distance between the ends of the two elastic connecting plates 21 does not increase significantly, and the elastic connecting plates 21 on both sides do not over-open, ensuring that the elastic connecting plates 21 can return to their initial state after deformation, thus improving the equipment's lifespan.
[0067] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plate 21 is divided into an inner rigid portion 211, an elastic portion 212, and an outer rigid portion 213 arranged sequentially along a second direction. The inner rigid portion 211 is connected to the robotic arm 11, and the outer rigid portion 213 is connected to the leveling device 3. Both the inner rigid portion 211 and the outer rigid portion 213 are rigid structures. The elastic portion 212 is an elastic structure, allowing the elastic connecting plate 21 to undergo elastic deformation. When elastic deformation occurs, the angle between the inner rigid portion 211 and the outer rigid portion 213 changes.
[0068] The structural design adopts a three-section structure of "inner rigid part 211 - elastic part 212 - outer rigid part 213". The elastic part 212 in the middle is concentrated in deformation, and the rigid part provides the installation and force transmission interface. This not only ensures the elastic buffer function of the elastic connecting plate 21, but also avoids the elastic force from being applied more to the welded connection between the elastic connecting plate 21 and the robotic arm 11 due to the overall deformation of the elastic connecting plate 21. This avoids stress concentration at the weld and ensures that the elastic connecting component 2 is stably connected to the robotic arm 11, thereby improving the overall reliability and maintainability.
[0069] In some embodiments, the elastic connecting plates 21 are all perpendicular to the first direction. This structural design allows the inner rigid part 211, the elastic part 212, and the outer rigid part 213 to be in a flat state on the same plane. The surfaces of the inner rigid part 211, the elastic part 212, and the outer rigid part 213 are all perpendicular to the first direction. When the elastic part 212 undergoes elastic deformation by bending, the outer rigid part 213 of the elastic connecting plate 21 moves in the first direction. The elastic force of the elastic connecting plate 21 on the leveler 3 ensures that the leveler 3 retracts or resets in the second direction, thereby improving the smoothness of the leveler 3's movement and preventing the leveler 3 from swaying in the first direction when retracting or resetting.
[0070] In some embodiments, the wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel further includes a connecting arm 4. The connecting arm 4 is arranged along a second direction, and one end of the connecting arm 4 is connected to the robotic arm 11. A nozzle 12 is provided on the robotic arm 11, and the end of the connecting arm 4 away from the robotic arm 11 is connected to the elastic connecting assembly 2, such that the elastic connecting assembly 2 is connected to the robotic arm 11 via the connecting arm 4. The elastic connecting assembly 2 is located on the side of the nozzle 12 away from the robotic arm 11 in the second direction.
[0071] The structural design places the elastic connecting component 2 and the leveler 3 in front of the nozzle 12, making them protrude more than the nozzle 12. During the leveling operation, the nozzle 12 is separated from the surface of the tunnel's initial support to prevent the nozzle 12 from contacting and causing damage, while also preventing the nozzle 12 from scratching the surface of the tunnel's initial support. In addition, the connecting arm 4 extends the elastic connecting component 2 forward to the front of the nozzle 12 and maintains a horizontal distance from it. When concrete is ejected from the nozzle 12, the particle group usually rebounds at a scattering angle of 30° to 45° after impacting the initial support surface. Since this rebound area is mainly located in the conical range behind the nozzle 12, and the elastic connecting component 2 has been moved forward by the connecting arm 4, it is just outside the rebound cone area. Concrete particles cannot be directly splashed onto the surface of the elastic element. At the same time, the horizontal distance creates an open channel between the elastic connecting plate 21 and the nozzle 12, which facilitates the natural fall of scattered materials and avoids accumulation in the elastic gap. The elastic element can always maintain low friction and highly sensitive extension and contraction movements by keeping it clean, without the need to stop the machine for cleaning. This ensures the continuous operation of the spraying-leveling process and significantly improves construction efficiency.
[0072] In some embodiments, the nozzle 12 is disposed along a second direction and opposite to the connecting arm 4 in a first direction, such that the connecting arm 4 is located on one side of the nozzle 12 in the horizontal direction. In a third direction perpendicular to both the first and second directions, the outer rigid portion 213 protrudes upward relative to the inner rigid portion 211.
[0073] This structural design raises the outer rigid part 213, thereby forming a three-dimensional avoidance zone between the spray cone surface of the nozzle 12 and the elastic connecting component 2. This places the entire motion envelope of the elastic connecting plate 21, the mounting plate 31, and the leveler 3 outside the spray rebound zone, preventing high-speed concrete particles from directly impacting or adhering to the elastic element, and avoiding mechanical interference between the leveler 3 and the nozzle 12. The whole machine can operate continuously in the synchronous "spraying-leveling" operation without stopping for cleaning or avoidance, significantly improving construction efficiency and equipment reliability.
[0074] In some embodiments, both the mounting plate 31 and the shovel plate 32 are perpendicular to the second connecting plate 332. This structural design ensures that the surfaces of the mounting plate 31 and the shovel plate 32 are parallel, and the mounting plate 31, through the connecting plate 33, can fully support the surface of the shovel plate 32, improving the stability of the shovel plate 32 during leveling operations. Furthermore, the vertically connected connecting plate 33 reinforces the mounting plate 31 and the shovel plate 32, forming a stable rigid frame structure for the leveler 3. This improves the overall torsional strength of the leveler 3, prevents torsional deformation under high-frequency impact during the leveling process, ensures structural stability and smooth movement, and guarantees the flatness of the entire surface.
[0075] In some embodiments, the first connecting plate 331, the second connecting plate 332, and the third connecting plate 333 are all connected to the same point on the mounting plate 31. This structural design allows the three connecting plates 33 to simultaneously reinforce the same point on the mounting plate 31, improving the stability of the mounting plate 31 and ensuring that the mounting plate 31 remains straight and slides stably at both ends in the connecting holes 201. Furthermore, the force distributed across different areas of the scraper plate 32 is transmitted through the three connecting plates 33 via a single force transmission path, directly through the mounting plate 31 to the elastic connecting assembly 2. This avoids the additional bending moment and stress concentration caused by traditional multi-point connections, significantly improving the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the scraper 3, while reducing the number of welds, lowering the risk of fatigue cracking, and extending the tooling life.
[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.
Claims
1. A wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for a water intake channel, characterized in that, include: A wet spraying machine, wherein the wet spraying machine is equipped with a robotic arm; An elastic connection assembly is disposed on the robotic arm; The resilient connection component includes: Two elastic connecting plates are arranged along a horizontal first direction, and the two elastic connecting plates are spaced apart in the first direction; each elastic connecting plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the two connecting holes are arranged opposite to each other in the first direction; A leveling device, the leveling device being connected to the resilient connecting assembly, the leveling device comprising: The mounting plate is arranged along the first direction; two connection holes are respectively passed through both ends of the mounting plate. A shovel plate, which is disposed along the first direction and located on the side of the mounting plate away from the elastic connection assembly; A connecting plate is provided along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected to the mounting plate and the shovel plate. The connecting plate comprises three plates, which are sequentially arranged as a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, and a third connecting plate along a first direction; the second connecting plate is arranged along the second direction; the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate are symmetrically arranged and inclined relative to the second direction, so that the distance between the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate gradually increases in the direction away from the elastic connecting component; The elastic connecting plate is an elastic element; when both ends of the mounting plate are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole near the shovel plate, the ends of the two elastic connecting plates near the shovel plate are respectively attached to the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate.
2. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic connecting plates are all arranged along the second direction so that the distance between two elastic connecting plates remains fixed in the second direction.
3. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate is 18° to 22°; When both ends of the mounting plate are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole near the shovel plate, the distance between the contact point of the elastic connecting plate on the first connecting plate and the connection between the first connecting plate and the mounting plate is less than or equal to one-fifth of the length of the first connecting plate.
4. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two connecting holes have the same length in the second direction; when both ends of the mounting plate are attached to the end of the corresponding connecting hole away from the shovel plate, the distance between the contact point of the elastic connecting plate on the first connecting plate and the connection between the first connecting plate and the mounting plate is less than or equal to two-fifths of the length of the first connecting plate.
5. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic connecting plate is divided into an inner rigid part, an elastic part, and an outer rigid part arranged sequentially along the second direction; The inner rigid part is connected to the robotic arm, and the outer rigid part is connected to the leveling device; the elastic part is used to generate elastic force during deformation.
6. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic connecting plates are all perpendicular to the first direction, so that the elastic part can generate elastic deformation by bending.
7. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 5, characterized in that, Further includes: A connecting arm is provided along a second direction; one end of the connecting arm is connected to the robotic arm. The robotic arm is equipped with a nozzle, and the end of the connecting arm away from the robotic arm is connected to the elastic connecting assembly, so that the elastic connecting assembly is located on the side of the nozzle away from the robotic arm in a second direction.
8. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The nozzle is arranged along the second direction and is opposite to the connecting arm in the first direction; In a third direction perpendicular to both the first and second directions, the outer rigid portion protrudes upward relative to the inner rigid portion.
9. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the mounting plate and the shovel plate are perpendicular to the second connecting plate.
10. The wet-sprayed concrete leveling structure for the water intake channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting plate, the second connecting plate, and the third connecting plate are all connected to the same point on the mounting plate.