Anti-glare glass with multi-level composite microstructure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-level composite microstructure's anti-glare glass, with: glass substrate, one side of glass substrate is processing surface;Recess unit, a series of recess units are equipped on processing surface;Protruding unit, protruding unit is equipped on recess unit.This two kinds of microstructure area are combined by specific space, and jointly constitute the anti-glare microstructure system of the utility model with composite form and multi-level features.Anti-glare performance, imaging definition and flash point suppression effect are significantly improved and comprehensively optimized, and surface touch feeling and long-term use durability related to user experience are improved simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of display devices or touch devices, and in particular relates to an anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of realizing this utility model, the inventors discovered that the prior art has at least the following problems:

[0003] Anti-glare glass, as a key component of modern display devices (such as LCDs, OLEDs, Mini / Micro-LEDs, etc.) and touch devices, plays a crucial role in suppressing ambient light interference, reducing screen reflection, and improving visual readability and comfort. Currently, the mainstream technological approach to achieving anti-glare functionality on glass surfaces relies on constructing specific surface microstructures to alter the reflection and scattering behavior of light. In existing technologies, commercially widely used AG glass typically exhibits a single morphological characteristic in its surface microstructure. The most prevalent type involves chemically etching to create numerous randomly distributed pit-like microstructures (i.e., single-dimple structures) on the glass surface. By controlling etching process parameters (such as time, temperature, and etchant concentration), the size, depth, and optical parameters of the pits can be altered, thereby adjusting anti-glare indicators such as haze and gloss within a certain range.

[0004] While these single-morphology microstructures can achieve anti-glare effects to some extent, they have inherent limitations in performance and face significant performance bottlenecks. Specifically, these limitations are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0005] 1. Sparkle Issue: Especially on high-resolution displays (such as smartphones, tablets, and high-resolution monitors), the pits formed by etching can easily cause complex interference or diffraction effects with the display pixel array, producing an unpleasant flickering, shine, or "frosted" appearance, severely affecting display quality and viewing experience. Typically, to achieve stronger anti-glare effects (i.e., higher haze or lower gloss), deeper and larger microstructures need to be formed, but this often significantly exacerbates the sparkle phenomenon.

[0006] 2. Difficulty in Coordinating Key Optical Performance: Existing single-structure AG glass faces irreconcilable constraints when optimizing various optical performance aspects. For example, pursuing strong anti-glare performance often comes at the cost of image sharpness and an increase in flash point value; conversely, prioritizing high sharpness and low flash point usually means a reduction in anti-glare capability. It is difficult to simultaneously optimize the three core indicators of strong anti-glare, high sharpness, and low flash point through simple adjustments to a single structure.

[0007] 3. Surface feel and durability issues: The pitted structure formed by chemical etching may result in a rougher glass surface, affecting the smoothness and feel of sliding in touchscreen applications. It also faces problems of insufficient wear resistance and scratch resistance. After long-term use, the structure may be worn down, leading to a decline in performance.

[0008] 4. Limited Dimensionality of Microstructure Control: Current technologies primarily alter the basic parameters of a single structure, such as size and density, by adjusting etching parameters. They generally lack surface microstructure design principles and corresponding mass-production manufacturing technologies capable of more refined, multi-dimensional, and targeted control of light scattering behavior. This limitation prevents effective breakthroughs in overcoming the inherent performance limits of a single structure, making it difficult to meet the increasingly stringent requirements of high-end display applications for the overall performance of AG glass.

[0009] CN116023036A - An anti-glare glass and its preparation method, discloses an anti-glare glass and its preparation method. The method includes the following steps: (1) immersing the glass in a frosting solution for frosting treatment to obtain frosted glass; (2) rinsing and drying the frosted glass, then polishing, cleaning, and drying it to obtain the anti-glare glass; the mass ratio of frosting powder to water in the frosting solution is 1:5 to 8. However, this method also fails to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure, which effectively suppresses the flash point problem, and achieves a significant improvement and comprehensive optimization of anti-glare performance, image clarity and flash point suppression effect, while improving the surface feel and long-term durability related to user experience.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a multi-layered composite microstructure anti-glare glass, having the following characteristics:

[0012] A glass substrate, wherein one side of the glass substrate is a processing surface;

[0013] The machined surface is provided with a series of recessed units;

[0014] A raised unit is provided on the recessed unit.

[0015] The series of recessed units constitute a recessed network structure; the recessed network structure is composed of multiple recessed units of different shapes and sizes that are approximately polygonal, connected to each other or arranged closely, forming a continuous recessed region.

[0016] The protruding units are distributed inside the recessed units or located in the transition area between adjacent recessed units; the protruding units are of different sizes and are arranged in a non-periodic or irregular pattern.

[0017] The recessed unit includes a recessed opening, a recessed sidewall, and a recessed bottom.

[0018] The top view shape of the recessed opening includes a circle or a polygon, the polygon including a pentagon or a hexagon, or the top view shape of the recessed opening is an irregular shape, including a near-circular shape, an irregular polygon, or a shape with a free-curved boundary; the lateral dimension of the recessed opening is L1, which is the average diameter, the equivalent diameter, or the maximum width, and L1 is in the range of 10-300µm.

[0019] The recessed sidewall is a continuous curved surface, and there is a smooth transition between the recessed sidewall and the bottom of the recess; the angles formed by the recessed sidewall, the surface of the machined surface, and the surface of the bottom of the recess are all set in the range of 90-180 degrees.

[0020] The recessed units are arranged in a non-periodic manner; or the recessed units are arranged in a matrix or in a staggered, ordered manner.

[0021] The protruding unit structure has a smooth and continuous contour.

[0022] The arrangement of the protruding units includes regular arrangement or irregular arrangement; the regular arrangement includes matrix arrangement and staggered ordered arrangement; the irregular arrangement includes disordered arrangement or staggered disordered arrangement.

[0023] The dimensions of the protrusion unit include:

[0024] The lateral dimension L2 of the substrate, i.e. the characteristic width or diameter of the protruding unit on the substrate plane in contact with the glass substrate, ranges from 1 to 50 µm.

[0025] The top width S of the raised unit is the lateral dimension of its top gently curved surface or platform; its ratio S / L2 to the lateral dimension L2 of the base is in the range of 0.2 to 0.6.

[0026] The height H2 of the protruding unit, i.e., the vertical distance from its base to its apex, is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 0.5, which is the ratio of its height H2 to the lateral dimension L2 of the base.

[0027] In addition, the gap between adjacent protrusion units, that is, the minimum distance between their base edges, is set in the range of 5 to 20 µm;

[0028] In terms of cross-sectional morphology, the angle formed between the sidewall of the protruding unit and its base is in the range of 15 to 80°. At the same time, the top of the protruding unit has a specific radius of curvature R, which is controlled in the range of 1 to 100 µm.

[0029] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: effectively suppressing the flash point problem, achieving significant improvement and comprehensive optimization of anti-glare performance, imaging clarity and flash point suppression effect, and at the same time improving the surface feel and long-term durability related to user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the recessed unit portion of the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the disordered arrangement of the recessed unit parts of the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the matrix arrangement of the recessed unit portion of the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the staggered and orderly arrangement of the recessed unit parts of the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the misaligned and disordered arrangement of the recessed unit parts of the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 1 SEM image of the side profile of the raised feature area of ​​the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass.

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the raised unit portion of the multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass.

[0038] The markings in the above figures are all:

[0039] 1. Glass substrate, 2. Processed surface, 3. Recessed unit, 3-1. Recessed opening, 3-2. Recessed sidewall, 3-3. Recessed bottom, 4. Raised unit. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] See Figures 1-8 An anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure comprises: a glass substrate, one side of which is a processed surface; recessed units, a series of recessed units on the processed surface; and raised units, with raised units on the recessed units. It is mainly composed of two types of microstructure regions with different geometric features: a first microstructure region formed on the glass substrate (or its surface treatment layer), exhibiting an overall recessed contour; and a second microstructure region spatially integrated with the first microstructure region, typically superimposed or integrated on top of or within it, exhibiting an overall raised contour. These two types of microstructure regions, through a specific spatial combination, jointly constitute the anti-glare microstructure system of this invention, possessing a composite morphology and multi-level characteristics. This achieves a significant improvement and comprehensive optimization in anti-glare performance, image clarity, and flash point suppression, while simultaneously improving the surface feel and long-term durability related to user experience.

[0042] A series of recessed units constitute a recessed network structure; the recessed network structure is composed of multiple approximately polygonal recessed units of varying shapes and sizes, interconnected or closely arranged, forming continuous recessed regions. (See appendix) Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the surface morphology of a typical embodiment of the composite microstructure of this utility model is shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a recessed network structure (corresponding to the first microstructure region, indicated by the light blue area and black line boundary in the figure) is formed on the surface as a base. This recessed network is usually composed of multiple recessed units of different shapes and sizes that are approximately polygonal, connected to each other or arranged closely in a non-periodic manner, forming a continuous recessed region.

[0043] The raised units are distributed within the recessed units or located in the transition regions between adjacent recessed units; the raised units vary in size and are arranged in an aperiodic or irregular pattern. Superimposed on or within this recessed network structure are numerous discrete raised units (corresponding to the second microstructure region, represented by dark blue dots in the illustration). These raised units are distributed within the recessed regions and may also be partially located in the transition regions between adjacent recessed regions. They vary in size and are arranged in an aperiodic or irregular pattern.

[0044] This composite microstructure exhibits a complex morphology that is non-uniform and has significant three-dimensional undulations on a macroscopic scale. Its core feature is a composite morphology of "concave within convex" or "concave and convex coexisting", which is composed of a concave network structure and convex units scattered on it.

[0045] Note: Appendix Figure 1 The spatial distribution of the composite microstructure shown is merely a preferred and illustrative embodiment of this invention, intended to visually demonstrate the basic morphology of the coexistence of the first microstructure region (recessed feature region) and the second microstructure region (protruding feature region) on the same surface and their possible spatial relationships. In other specific embodiments, the specific morphology (which can be various regular or irregular geometric shapes and combinations thereof) of the recessed units constituting the first microstructure region and the protruding units constituting the second microstructure region, as well as their overall arrangement on the glass surface (which can be a regular array, a staggered arrangement with a specific period, or a statistically significant random distribution, and a more precise correspondence between the recesses and protrusions), can be varied and optimized according to actual optical design requirements without departing from the core "concave-convex composite" structural feature of this invention.

[0046] First microstructural region (recessed feature region):

[0047] The recessed unit includes a recessed opening, recessed sidewalls, and a recessed bottom. This region forms the substrate morphology of the composite microstructure, exhibiting overall recessed geometry, and is formed from the surface of a glass substrate through a multi-step etching process.

[0048] This first microstructure region manifests as a network or honeycomb-like structure formed by multiple interconnected or closely arranged recessed units, covering the processed surface. (See attached image) Figure 1 As shown, the top-view outlines of the concave units constituting this network are mostly irregular polygonal or near-circular. The close arrangement of the units forms the boundaries of the concave regions, or concave intervals. The size and specific shape of the units usually exhibit irregularity, forming a concave network base with a complex topology.

[0049] Concave opening:

[0050] A recessed opening is a cross-sectional boundary profile formed by a single recessed unit on the glass surface. Its top-view shape can vary depending on design requirements. For example, it can be a regular shape, such as a circle or specific polygons (pentagons, hexagons, etc.), or an irregular shape, such as a near-circular shape, an irregular polygon, or a shape with free-curved boundaries. This opening has characteristic lateral dimensions, such as its average diameter, equivalent diameter, or maximum width, denoted here as L1. Depending on different application requirements (such as the required anti-glare strength and sharpness requirements) and optical design goals, the size of L1 is typically set in the range of 10-300µm. The structural shape and size of the recessed opening are among the key factors affecting the final optical performance of the anti-glare glass. Its setting directly relates to the strength of the anti-glare effect (affecting the scattering angle range), image sharpness, and the level of control over flash point phenomena (the matching relationship between the opening size and pixel size affects flash point). By designing the recessed opening, it is helpful to optimize light scattering characteristics, balance anti-glare and sharpness, effectively reduce flash point, and improve the visual experience. In structural design, the top view area of ​​a recessed opening is usually designed to be larger than the top view area of ​​its corresponding recess bottom.

[0051] Concave sidewalls:

[0052] The recessed sidewall, as one of the main components of a single recessed unit, is spatially located between the bottom of the recess and the glass processing surface, serving as a transition area connecting these two parts. Its morphological characteristic is that it presents a continuous curved surface, and the transition between this sidewall and the bottom of the recess is smooth, typically appearing as an arc transition. Structurally, the angles formed by this sidewall with the surface of the processing surface and the surface of the bottom of the recess are all set within the range of 90-180 degrees, ensuring an open recessed form. This continuous curved surface design of the recessed sidewall and its smooth transition with the bottom are key structural features that contribute to the excellent optical performance of this invention. It helps to form effective diffuse reflection to achieve anti-glare purposes, while significantly improving the uniformity of light scattering, reducing sharp structures or discontinuous interfaces that may produce flash points, thereby significantly improving the image clarity of the glass and reducing the flash point level while maintaining good anti-glare effects.

[0053] Concave bottom:

[0054] The recessed bottom, as a key component of a single recessed unit, is located at the deepest point of each recessed unit and forms its base. It forms a smooth transition with the surrounding recessed sidewalls, typically an arc transition. The specific shape of the recessed bottom can vary depending on design requirements and etching process control: it can be a relatively flat area, a curved surface with a certain curvature, or, in certain embodiments, its surface may be designed with finer secondary microstructures or random textures. To precisely control optical performance, the percentage of the top-view projection area of ​​the recessed bottom to the total top-view projection area of ​​its corresponding recessed unit is preferably controlled within the range of 1-30%. The average depth of the processed surface of the recessed bottom, i.e., the overall depth of the recessed unit, is denoted as H1.

[0055] The individual recessed units constituting the first microstructure region (the recessed feature region) can exhibit a variety of top-view profile shapes (i.e., the shape of the recessed openings) on the glass surface, depending on specific optical design requirements and manufacturing process flexibility. These types include basic geometric shapes such as circles and ellipses; various polygons, such as triangles, quadrilaterals (e.g., squares, rectangles), pentagons, hexagons, and other polygons with more sides, which can be regular or irregular; in addition, they can be combinations of the above basic shapes or more complex morphologies derived from them, such as star shapes, arc shapes, or shapes with specific concave and convex boundaries. This diversity in top-view profile shapes provides a wider design space for precisely controlling the scattering behavior of light, allowing for the selection or design of optimal recessed unit morphologies according to different application scenarios and performance priorities, and enabling diverse combinations and arrangements when forming a network of recessed structures.

[0056] Arrangement

[0057] The recessed units constituting the first microstructure region (recessed feature region) can be arranged in various ways on the glass substrate surface, depending on the optical design goals and manufacturing process capabilities. The recessed units can be arranged in a random order (e.g., Figure 1 The honeycomb-like or irregular network structure shown forms a non-periodic surface morphology, which facilitates wide-angle scattering and suppresses diffraction effects in specific directions. However, this invention is not limited to this arrangement; the arrangement of the recessed units can also include the following typical ordered or disordered arrangements:

[0058] One type is matrix arrangement (such as...) Figure 4In this arrangement, multiple recessed units (whose top-view outline can be circular, square, or other preset shapes) are regularly arranged in a two-dimensional array on the glass surface, similar to the close arrangement of corn kernels on a corncob. Each recessed unit occupies a specific position in the array, and the gaps between units (i.e., recessed intervals) can be precisely controlled and flexibly adjusted according to design requirements, for example, they can be designed to be equally spaced or have specific variations in spacing. This matrix arrangement, due to its high degree of regularity, has advantages in certain specific applications, such as for specific matching with display pixel arrays.

[0059] Another variation is the ordered arrangement, called the misaligned ordered arrangement (e.g.) Figure 5 This arrangement can be understood as a regular misalignment based on the aforementioned matrix arrangement. For example, the recessed units in each row (or column) can be shifted relative to the units in their adjacent rows (or columns) along an axis parallel to the arrangement direction by half a unit period (or a specific offset), similar to the staggered stacking of bricks in building a wall. This misaligned orderly arrangement, while maintaining a certain degree of regularity, can effectively disrupt long-range order, potentially helping to further improve optical uniformity and suppress interference fringes in specific directions.

[0060] In addition, there is also a misaligned and disordered arrangement ( Figure 6 This arrangement can be viewed as introducing further random perturbations or fine-tuning on top of a staggered, ordered arrangement. For example... Figure 6 As shown, although the overall arrangement may still retain a certain degree of misaligned hierarchical structure, the precise position of each unit has a certain random offset or "polarization" relative to its ideal ordered misaligned position. This makes the overall arrangement appear ordered locally, but tends to be disordered or pseudo-random on a larger scale. This arrangement aims to combine the advantages of ordered and disordered arrangements to better optimize optical performance.

[0061] By providing these diverse arrangement options, this utility model allows designers to flexibly select or combine the most suitable recessed unit arrangement scheme based on specific anti-glare requirements, clarity requirements, flash point suppression targets, and compatibility with the display panel.

[0062] Second microstructural region (protruding feature region):

[0063] The second microstructure region is another key component of the composite microstructure. It exhibits a raised geometric feature, superimposed or integrated on or within the first microstructure region, or distributed in the transition zone between the recessed regions. Together with the first microstructure region, it forms a unique multi-level surface morphology of "convex within concave" or "coexistence of concave and convex." In this invention, the raised feature regions are formed by direct, one-step selective etching of the glass substrate. That is, these raised structures are parts retained and highlighted from the surface of the glass substrate, belonging to the glass material itself, and are an integrated extension of the glass substrate.

[0064] The arrangement of raised units can be regular or irregular; regular arrangement includes matrix arrangement and staggered ordered arrangement; irregular arrangement includes disordered arrangement or staggered disordered arrangement.

[0065] The morphological features of the protrusion:

[0066] The protruding units constituting the second microstructure region have a significant impact on the overall optical performance due to their microscopic morphology and macroscopic arrangement. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the microstructure of the raised unit typically exhibits a smooth and continuous contour. Specifically, its top is often designed as a gently sloping arc, while the sidewalls transition naturally, forming a smooth fusion transition zone with the substrate (i.e., the recessed area or transition zone). This makes the overall shape approximate a truncated sphere, a parabola, or an optimized gently sloping surface, thus avoiding obvious sharp angles or edges. This rounded micromorphological feature, especially its smooth and continuous surface, is precisely controlled by a one-step selective etching process based on the first microstructure region. Figure 7 As shown, multiple protruding units collectively constitute the features of the second microstructure region. The arrangement of these protruding units above or within the recessed region can exhibit different characteristics depending on design requirements: their arrangement can be regular, or it can present a non-completely regular, pseudo-random, or statistically uniform distribution to form a visually densely distributed lattice structure. Simultaneously, the arrangement density of the protruding units and their spacing (or distance from the boundary of the recessed units) are controllable design parameters that directly affect the optical properties of the surface. Furthermore, in some composite arrangement embodiments, protruding units of different top-view shapes (such as circles, squares, triangles, rhombuses, etc.) can be mixed and arranged according to specific proportions and spatial relationships to form a more complex macroscopic structural pattern. Ultimately, this overall macroscopic arrangement composed of a large number of protruding units with similar or diverse microscopic morphologies, together with the underlying first microstructure region, forms the unique composite micro-landform of this invention.

[0067] Dimensional characteristics of the raised unit:

[0068] The geometric dimensions of the protruding units in the second microstructure region are crucial for achieving specific optical performance. This invention achieves the desired anti-glare effect, clarity, and flicker suppression level through precise control of these dimensional parameters. (Appendix) Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the parabolic surface of the four parts of the raised unit. The key dimensional parameters mainly include:

[0069] The lateral dimension (L2) of the base, i.e., the characteristic width or diameter of the protruding unit on the base plane in contact with the glass substrate, ranges from 1 to 50 µm. The top width (S) of the protruding unit, i.e., the lateral dimension of its gently curved top surface or platform, is controlled in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 ratio to the lateral dimension L2 of the base (S / L2), which determines the degree of narrowing of the protrusion from the base to the top. The height (H2) of the protruding unit, i.e., the vertical distance from its base to its apex, is controlled in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 ratio to the lateral dimension L2 of the base (H2 / L2), which reflects the overall steepness of the protrusion. In addition, the gap between adjacent protruding units, i.e., the minimum distance between their base edges, is usually set in the range of 5 to 20 µm to adjust the arrangement density of the protruding units.

[0070] In terms of cross-sectional morphology, the angle formed between the sidewall of the protruding unit and its base is typically in the range of 15° to 80°. This inclined sidewall facilitates effective light scattering. Simultaneously, the top of the protruding unit usually has a specific radius of curvature (R), which is a key parameter describing the degree of curvature at the top and directly affects the light scattering behavior in the top region and the final optical performance. In this invention, the top radius of curvature R is controlled, for example, within the range of 1 to 100 µm. By precisely controlling the value of R, a refined design of the top morphology of the protruding unit and its optical effects can be achieved.

[0071] When the top curvature radius R is small (in the range of 1 to 10 µm), the top shape of the protruding unit tends to be sharp, which can produce a stronger light scattering effect and a wider scattering angle distribution, which is beneficial to enhance anti-glare performance in strong light environment.

[0072] When the top curvature radius R is within a moderate range (10–30µm), the top shape of the raised unit exhibits a moderate curvature, which can achieve a good balance between anti-glare effect and image clarity, and is suitable for the needs of most high-end display applications.

[0073] When the top curvature radius R is large (in the range of 30 to 100 µm), the top shape of the protruding unit tends to be flat and close to a plane, and its scattering effect is relatively weakened. This helps to minimize the impact on image sharpness and maintain high transmittance, making it suitable for occasions with extremely high requirements for sharpness and where a certain degree of scattering is permissible.

[0074] Therefore, by selecting and controlling the top curvature radius R, and combining it with the synergistic design of other geometric parameters, the anti-glare glass of this invention can adapt to diverse application needs. The synergistic effect of these dimensional parameters jointly determines the overall light modulation effect of the second microstructure region.

[0075] The arrangement and distribution characteristics of the raised units and their relationship with the recessed region:

[0076] The overall arrangement of the protruding units in the second microstructure region on the glass surface, as well as their relative spatial relationship with the first microstructure region, are the key design dimensions for achieving diversified optical control in this invention.

[0077] In this invention, the recessed units of the first microstructure region can be arranged in a regular pattern (such as the aforementioned matrix arrangement or staggered ordered arrangement) or an irregular pattern (such as the aforementioned disordered arrangement or staggered disordered arrangement). Similarly, the protruding units of the second microstructure region superimposed on the first microstructure region can also be arranged in a regular pattern (e.g., forming a regular lattice at a specific position inside each recessed unit, or forming an independent regular protruding lattice on the entire surface) or an irregular pattern (e.g., randomly or pseudo-randomly scattered inside the recessed units or on the entire surface).

[0078] Therefore, through the independent design and combination of the arrangement of recessed units and the arrangement of raised units, the composite microstructure of this invention can exhibit at least the following four typical macroscopic arrangement features:

[0079] Regularly arranged recessed structures + regularly arranged raised structures: In this case, regularly arranged raised units are superimposed inside or at specific corresponding positions of regularly arranged recessed units (such as matrix or staggered ordered recessed networks). For example, at the center of each matrix-arranged square recessed unit, one or more regularly arranged circular raised units are formed. This highly ordered composite structure may be suitable for applications requiring precise matching with the display pixel array or the generation of specific diffraction effects.

[0080] Regular concave structures + irregular convex structures: In this case, regularly arranged concave units are superimposed with randomly or pseudo-randomly distributed convex units inside or at their corresponding positions. For example, within a matrix of concave units, the number, position, or size of the convex units exhibits a certain degree of randomness. This combination, while maintaining a certain regularity in the substrate structure, enhances the uniformity of scattering by introducing disorder in the arrangement of convex units, potentially helping to suppress interference or moiré patterns caused by perfectly regular structures.

[0081] Irregular concave structure + regular convex structure: In this case, irregularly or randomly arranged concave units (such as honeycomb-like networks) are superimposed with regularly arranged convex units at specific locations within them. For example, near the geometric center of each concave unit of varying shape and size (if definable), one or more convex units of the same shape and size with fixed relative positions are formed. This combination utilizes the irregular concave substrate to break long-range order, while achieving precise control over local optical properties through the superposition of regular convex units.

[0082] Irregular concave structure + irregular convex structure: In this case, irregularly or randomly arranged concave units, or their specific corresponding positions, are superimposed with convex units that are also randomly or pseudo-randomly distributed. For example, in a honeycomb-like concave network, the shape, size, number, and position of the convex units all exhibit a high degree of randomness. This "double disorder" composite structure can usually achieve wide-angle, uniform diffuse scattering to the greatest extent, effectively suppressing flash points and directional reflections, and is suitable for scenarios that pursue the ultimate diffuse reflection effect and visual softness.

[0083] In terms of the four typical macroscopic arrangement features described above, these raised units have a clear spatial correspondence with the underlying recessed units, forming a typical multi-level morphology of "convex within concave". For example, they may be approximately located at the center of their corresponding recessed units, or exhibit an eccentric distribution, or be arranged along a specific contour line of the recessed unit (such as near the edge), but some raised units may also be distributed in the transition region between adjacent recessed units. This specific "base-superposition" spatial layout allows light to further interact with the raised structures after being scattered by the recessed structures, thereby achieving more complex and precise optical path control.

[0084] Regarding the density or number of raised units, each recessed unit contains one or more (N, where N is an integer from 1 to 20) raised units. From a macroscopic perspective, controlling the overall areal density or average number of raised units on the glass surface to achieve the desired optical effect is related to the surface coverage of the raised units, which is the percentage of the total two-dimensional projection area of ​​all raised units on the glass surface to the effective area of ​​the entire microstructure (or the total area of ​​the glass). This coverage ranges from 1% to 30%.

[0085] There is a specific dimensional coupling relationship between the raised and recessed units. The characteristic lateral dimension L2 of the raised unit and the characteristic lateral dimension L1 of the recessed unit have a specific proportional relationship, namely L2 = K * L1 (where the scaling factor K is in the range of 0.2 to 1.2). Simultaneously, the height H2 of the raised unit and the depth H1 of the corresponding recessed unit also satisfy a specific proportional relationship H2 / H1, in the range of 0.2 to 2. This precise and designed geometric parameter coupling is the key difference between this invention and a simple random combination of raised and recessed structures. It enables the recessed and raised structures to work synergistically in optical function, achieving an excellent balance between anti-glare and flash point suppression.

[0086] Function and significance of the protruding structure:

[0087] The introduction of the second microstructure region (the raised feature region) and its formation of a composite structure with the first microstructure region (the recessed feature region) plays a crucial role in improving the overall performance of the glass. These raised units, working in conjunction with the recessed network, further modulate the light scattering path, effectively suppressing flash point phenomena through more complex optical path control. Simultaneously, by precisely designing the morphology, size, arrangement, and dimensional coupling of the raised units with the recessed units, the haze and image sharpness of the glass can be finely adjusted, achieving an optimized balance between anti-glare intensity, sharpness, and flash point level. Furthermore, these raised structures, integrally molded from the glass substrate, have the potential to improve surface scratch resistance and abrasion resistance, and enhance ease of cleaning, thus balancing optical performance and physical durability.

[0088] A core structural feature of this invention lies in the simultaneous integration of a first microstructure region exhibiting concave geometry and a second microstructure region exhibiting convex geometry on the surface of a single glass substrate. This "concave within convex" or "coexistence of concave and convex" structural configuration differs from existing surfaces containing only a single type of microstructure (pure concave or pure convex). This composite form provides a more complex interface for the interaction of light. Therefore, one of the key protections of this invention is the simultaneous presence of concave and convex feature regions on a single substrate surface, thereby forming a composite microstructure with hierarchical characteristics.

[0089] The "coexistence of concave and convex" composite microstructure of this invention features a specific spatial arrangement and defined geometric dimensional ratio between its concave and convex units. Specifically, the second microstructure region (convex feature) is typically formed primarily within the first microstructure region (concave feature), or has a clear spatial correspondence with the concave unit, thus forming a tightly integrated composite morphology. A clear proportional relationship exists between the key geometric dimensions of these two types of microstructure regions: the characteristic lateral dimension L2 of the convex unit and the characteristic lateral dimension L1 of the concave unit it belongs to or is associated with typically satisfy L2 = K * L1 (where the proportionality coefficient K is, for example, in the range of 0.2 to 1.2); simultaneously, the height H2 of the convex unit and the depth H1 of the corresponding concave unit also typically satisfy a specific proportional relationship H2 / H1 (for example, in the range of 0.2 to 2). These specific spatial arrangements and defined dimensional ratios are key structural features that enable the anti-glare glass of this invention to achieve its intended optical performance. Therefore, another core aspect of the protection provided by this utility model lies in the specific spatial arrangement relationship between the raised microstructure region and the recessed microstructure region, as well as the specific proportional relationship between their key geometric dimensions (L1 and L2, H1 and H2).

[0090] The morphological characteristics of the recessed and protruding units constituting the composite microstructure are crucial for improving the overall optical and physical performance. In the first microstructure region (recessed feature), the recessed units typically have sidewalls that are continuous curved surfaces or inclined surfaces with a specific angle, forming a smooth transition with their bottom. Their top-view opening shape can be diverse (e.g., circular, elliptical, polygonal, or combinations thereof), providing rich modulation methods for initial light scattering. In the second microstructure region (protruding feature), the protruding units typically have a specific, controllable radius of curvature R (range 1–100 µm) at their top, and their sidewalls typically form a smooth transition with their top and substrate, resulting in an overall rounded shape. This composite microstructure, composed of recessed and protruding units with optimized morphologies (e.g., recessed units with smoothly transitioned sidewalls and bottoms, and protruding units with controllable top curvature and smooth contours), is the structural basis for achieving the superior performance of this invention.

[0091] The composite microstructure of this invention can achieve diverse surface morphologies by independently designing and combining the arrangement of the recessed units constituting the first microstructure region (recessed feature) and the arrangement of the protruding units constituting the second microstructure region (protruding feature). The arrangement of the recessed units can be either regular (e.g., matrix arrangement or staggered ordered arrangement) or irregular (e.g., disordered arrangement or staggered disordered arrangement). Similarly, the arrangement of the protruding units can also be either regular or irregular. Through combinations of these arrangements, at least four typical macroscopic arrangement combinations can be formed, such as combinations of regular recessed and regular protruding structures, combinations of regular recessed and irregular protruding structures, combinations of irregular recessed and regular protruding structures, and combinations of irregular recessed and irregular protruding structures. Each combination may correspond to different optical properties. Therefore, this utility model also protects this composite microstructure system with diverse macroscopic arrangement forms, which is formed by the combination of the arrangement of recessed units (which can be regular or irregular) and the arrangement of raised units (which can be regular or irregular).

[0092] Beneficial effects:

[0093] Compared with traditional anti-glare glass with a single pit or a single convex microstructure, the anti-glare glass with a unique composite microstructure proposed in this invention exhibits significant technical advantages and beneficial effects in terms of optical performance, potential physical properties, and design flexibility, thanks to its ingenious structural design and synergistic optimization of multi-dimensional parameters.

[0094] This invention significantly improves the flash point problem commonly found on high-resolution displays by constructing a composite microstructure system on the glass surface, consisting of a first microstructure region (a recessed feature region) and a second microstructure region (a raised feature region), creating a "concave-convex" or "coexisting concave-convex" structure. This multi-level, non-uniform, complex surface morphology creates more random and diverse light scattering paths, effectively disrupting the regular interference or diffraction conditions that could lead to flash points, thereby greatly improving visual purity and viewing comfort in high-brightness or point-source environments.

[0095] By precisely designing and coordinating the morphology, size, arrangement, and key parameters such as the dimensional coupling ratio and protrusion coverage of the recessed and raised units, this invention achieves an excellent balance and optimization among the three core optical performance indicators: anti-glare intensity, image clarity, and flash point suppression level. This overcomes the bottleneck of traditional single-microstructure AG glass, which struggles to balance these mutually restrictive performance aspects. This invention allows for the maintenance or enhancement of image clarity and detail to the maximum extent, while achieving extremely low flash point, according to specific application requirements, while maintaining high-efficiency anti-glare capability.

[0096] Furthermore, the composite microstructure of this invention, due to the second microstructure region (protruding feature region) on its surface, exhibits a positive effect in improving the tactile feel of the glass surface and enhancing its physical durability. The presence of these protruding units, especially when their tops and transition areas with the recessed regions have smooth contours, helps to form a more rounded overall surface morphology, thereby providing a smoother, lower-resistance tactile feel and improving the user's interactive experience during touch operation. Simultaneously, these protruding structures, as protruding parts of the surface, can, to some extent, distribute external contact and friction, helping to enhance the scratch resistance and wear resistance of the glass surface. They may also reduce the accumulation of contaminants by altering the surface micro-topography, improving ease of cleaning, and thus helping to extend product lifespan and maintain long-term stable optical performance.

[0097] The composite microstructure design concept proposed in this invention offers greater design freedom and a wider range of performance control. By combining and optimizing various geometric parameters, arrangements, and interactions between concave and convex microstructure units, customized designs can be implemented for different display application scenarios and specific performance focuses. This better meets the increasingly diverse and high-end market demands, breaking through the limitations of traditional single-microstructure AG glass in performance optimization and application expansion.

[0098] By adopting the above solution, significant improvements and comprehensive optimizations are achieved in anti-glare performance, image clarity, and flash point suppression, while simultaneously improving the surface feel and long-term durability related to user experience.

[0099] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0100] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0101] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-level composite microstructure anti-glare glass, characterized in that, have: A glass substrate, wherein one side of the glass substrate is a processing surface; The machined surface is provided with a series of recessed units; A raised unit is provided on the recessed unit.

2. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The series of recessed units constitute a recessed network structure; the recessed network structure is composed of multiple recessed units of different shapes and sizes that are approximately polygonal, connected to each other or arranged closely, forming a continuous recessed region.

3. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The protruding units are distributed inside the recessed units or located in the transition region between adjacent recessed units; The raised units vary in size and are arranged in a non-periodic or irregular pattern.

4. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The recessed unit includes a recessed opening, a recessed sidewall, and a recessed bottom.

5. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top view shape of the recessed opening includes a circle or a polygon, the polygon including a pentagon or a hexagon, or the top view shape of the recessed opening is an irregular shape, including a near-circular shape, an irregular polygon, or a shape with a free-curved boundary; the lateral dimension of the recessed opening is L1, which is the average diameter, the equivalent diameter, or the maximum width, and L1 is in the range of 10-300µm.

6. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The recessed sidewall is a continuous curved surface, and there is a smooth transition between the recessed sidewall and the bottom of the recess; the angles formed by the recessed sidewall, the surface of the machined surface, and the surface of the bottom of the recess are all set in the range of 90-180 degrees.

7. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The recessed units are arranged in a non-periodic manner; or the recessed units are arranged in a matrix or in a staggered, ordered manner.

8. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The protruding unit structure has a smooth and continuous contour.

9. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The arrangement of the protruding units includes regular arrangement or irregular arrangement; the regular arrangement includes matrix arrangement and staggered ordered arrangement; the irregular arrangement includes disordered arrangement or staggered disordered arrangement.

10. The anti-glare glass with a multi-level composite microstructure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The dimensions of the protrusion unit include: The lateral dimension L2 of the substrate, i.e. the characteristic width or diameter of the protruding unit on the substrate plane in contact with the glass substrate, ranges from 1 to 50 µm. The top width S of the raised unit is the lateral dimension of its top gently curved surface or platform; its ratio S / L2 to the lateral dimension L2 of the base is in the range of 0.2 to 0.

6. The height H2 of the protruding unit, i.e., the vertical distance from its base to its apex, is controlled within the range of 0.1 to 0.5, which is the ratio of its height H2 to the lateral dimension L2 of the base. In addition, the gap between adjacent protrusion units, that is, the minimum distance between their base edges, is set in the range of 5 to 20 µm; In terms of cross-sectional morphology, the angle formed between the sidewall of the protruding unit and its base is in the range of 15 to 80°. At the same time, the top of the protruding unit has a specific radius of curvature R, which is controlled in the range of 1 to 100 µm.

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