A radio frequency synthesis network board

Abstract

This utility model discloses a radio frequency (RF) combining network board, relating to the field of radar RF front-end technology. The RF combining network board includes signal transmission lines, power divider branch structures, and an insulating substrate. The signal transmission lines are used for RF signal input and output. The power divider branch structures are symmetrically distributed and connected to the signal transmission lines to achieve signal power division and combining. The insulating substrate supports the signal transmission lines and the power divider branch structures. The RF combining network board provided by this utility model is used to achieve wideband, low-loss signal power division and combining, and is suitable for signal processing systems in complex electromagnetic environments such as communication and radar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of radar radio frequency front-end technology, and in particular to a radio frequency synthesis network board. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of radar technology, the performance requirements for RF front-end network boards are increasing. In modern radar systems, the network board, as a key component for signal transmission and distribution, directly affects the radar's detection accuracy, resolution, and anti-interference capabilities. In the fields of communication and radar, network boards need to achieve efficient signal power division and synthesis, possess good frequency response and low-loss characteristics to meet the operational requirements of complex electromagnetic environments. However, existing radar RF front-end network boards have shortcomings in achieving high integration, wide bandwidth, low loss, and good signal distribution uniformity. Some traditional network boards employ complex designs, leading to high manufacturing difficulty and cost; some network boards encounter bottlenecks in bandwidth expansion, failing to meet the needs of multi-band operation; and some network boards, due to uneven signal distribution, affect the overall performance of the radar system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a radio frequency synthesis network board for achieving wide-bandwidth, low-loss signal power division and synthesis, which is suitable for signal processing systems in complex electromagnetic environments such as communications and radar.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A radio frequency synthesis network board, comprising:

[0006] Signal transmission lines are used for the input and output of radio frequency signals;

[0007] A power divider branch structure, wherein the power divider branch structure is symmetrically distributed and connected to the signal transmission line, is used to realize the power division and synthesis of the signal;

[0008] An insulating substrate is used to support the signal transmission line and the power divider branch structure.

[0009] Optionally, the power divider branch structure adopts a Wilkinson power divider design, with isolation resistors on each branch to improve the uniformity of signal distribution and port isolation.

[0010] Optionally, the wiring width, length, and spacing of the signal transmission line and power divider branch structure are optimized through electromagnetic simulation to achieve the minimum standing wave ratio and the lowest transmission loss within a predetermined frequency band.

[0011] Optionally, the insulating substrate is a high-frequency material with stable dielectric constant and low loss tangent, and the thickness and dielectric constant of the high-frequency material are selected according to the signal transmission characteristics.

[0012] Optionally, the wiring layout of the network board is a symmetrical structure, with the length, width and impedance parameters of the branch lines on both sides being consistent to ensure the consistency of phase and amplitude of signals in each channel.

[0013] Optionally, the power divider branch structure can be expanded into a multi-channel layout, and by adjusting the number of branches and wiring parameters, it can be adapted to the signal processing requirements of different radar systems.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the RF synthesis network board provided by this invention simplifies the overall structure of the network board, reduces processing steps, lowers production costs, and improves the feasibility of large-scale production by adopting a new substrate material and Wilkinson power divider. Through structural optimization and material selection, the network board has good frequency response in a wide frequency range (especially the high frequency band), meeting the multi-band operation requirements of radar systems and expanding the application range. The stable characteristics of the Wilkinson power divider and the simulation-optimized transmission path design effectively ensure the consistency of signal strength in each channel, improving the detection accuracy and stability of the radar system. Through transmission line impedance matching optimization and the application of low-loss substrate materials, high-frequency signal transmission loss is significantly reduced, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the radar system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency synthesis network board provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure label:

[0017] 100 - Radio frequency synthesis network board; 1 - Main transmission line; 2 - Branch structure; 3 - Insulating substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 The radio frequency synthesis network board 100 provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes a signal transmission line, a power divider branch structure 2 and an insulating substrate 3. The signal transmission line is used for the input and output of radio frequency signals. The power divider branch structure 2 is symmetrically distributed and connected to the signal transmission line to realize the power division and synthesis of signals. The insulating substrate 3 is used to support the signal transmission line and the power divider branch structure 2.

[0024] The signal transmission lines include a main transmission line 1 and branch lines. The main transmission line 1 is located in the center of the network board, and the branch lines are symmetrically distributed on both sides, thus ensuring consistent signal path length and impedance. This layout eliminates phase and amplitude errors between channels, improves signal distribution uniformity, and provides a foundation for high-precision radar detection. The branch lines are connected to the main transmission line 1 through Wilkinson power dividers. Each branch integrates an isolation resistor to suppress port reflections, enhance isolation, and ensure that multi-channel signals do not interfere with each other.

[0025] In addition, for signal transmission lines, electromagnetic simulation software such as HFSS is used to perform parameter scanning on the wiring width (W), length (L), and spacing (S) to optimize impedance matching, so that the standing wave ratio (VSWR) is ≤1.5 in the working frequency band, reducing signal reflection loss. The branch line length is designed to be an integer multiple of λ / 4 (λ is the signal wavelength) to adapt to wide-band operation (such as covering the X and Ku bands) and ensure stable performance across the entire frequency band.

[0026] Furthermore, the RF synthesis network board 100 also includes a ground layer located below or to the side of the insulating substrate 3, serving as a reference ground for signal transmission. The insulating substrate 3 supports wiring, and the ground layer below (such as copper foil) provides shielding and a reference ground, reducing electromagnetic interference and improving signal purity.

[0027] In this application, the power divider branch structure 2 adopts a Wilkinson power divider design, with isolation resistors on each branch to improve the uniformity of signal distribution and port isolation.

[0028] In one embodiment provided in this application, the wiring width, length and spacing of the signal transmission line and the power divider branch structure 2 are optimized through electromagnetic simulation to achieve the minimum standing wave ratio and the lowest transmission loss within a predetermined frequency band.

[0029] In this application, the insulating substrate 3 is a high-frequency board material with stable dielectric constant and low loss tangent. The thickness and dielectric constant of the high-frequency board material are selected according to the signal transmission characteristics.

[0030] Specifically, the substrate uses low-loss, high-frequency board material to balance dielectric constant, loss, and processing difficulty. For example, the TYL-5 substrate is suitable for cost-sensitive applications, while the Rogers RT / duroid series (dielectric constant 10.2, loss tangent 0.0023) is suitable for high-frequency, high-precision applications. The wiring is fabricated using PCB etching technology with accuracy controlled within ±5μm to ensure impedance consistency. The isolation resistors are surface-mount soldered to improve reliability.

[0031] In this application, the wiring layout of the network board is a symmetrical structure, with the length, width and impedance parameters of the branch lines on both sides being consistent, to ensure the consistency of phase and amplitude of signals in each channel.

[0032] Optionally, the power divider branch structure 2 can be expanded into a multi-channel layout, and by adjusting the number of branches and wiring parameters, it can be adapted to the signal processing requirements of different radar systems.

[0033] In practice:

[0034] Modeling: Create a 3D model in HFSS, import the wiring structure in the attached diagram, and define material properties (dielectric constant, conductivity) and port excitation, such as 1W continuous wave.

[0035] Parameter optimization: Scan the wiring width, observe the changes in S11 (VSWR) and S21 (transmission loss), and select the optimal value, such as W=0.3mm, VSWR≤1.2, S21≥-0.5dB; adjust the branch line length, optimize phase consistency, and ensure the synchronization of multi-channel signals.

[0036] Extensibility verification: By increasing the number of branch lines, such as 2→4→8 channels, the uniformity of signal distribution is verified through simulation to meet the requirements of radar arraying.

[0037] As can be seen from the structure and specific implementation process of the RF synthesis network board 100 described above, by adopting a new substrate material and a Wilkinson power divider, the overall structure of the network board is simplified, processing steps are reduced, production costs are lowered, and the feasibility of large-scale production is improved. Through structural optimization and material selection, the network board has good frequency response in a wide frequency range (especially the high frequency band), meeting the requirements of multi-band operation of radar systems and expanding the application range. The stable characteristics of the Wilkinson power divider and the transmission path design optimized by simulation effectively ensure the consistency of signal strength in each channel, improving the detection accuracy and stability of the radar system. Through transmission line impedance matching optimization and the application of low-loss substrate materials, high-frequency signal transmission loss is significantly reduced, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the radar system.

[0038] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radio frequency synthesis network board, characterized in that, include: Signal transmission lines are used for the input and output of radio frequency signals; A power divider branch structure, wherein the power divider branch structure is symmetrically distributed and connected to the signal transmission line, is used to realize the power division and synthesis of the signal; An insulating substrate is used to support the signal transmission line and the power divider branch structure.

2. The radio frequency synthesis network board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider branch structure adopts the Wilkinson power divider design, with isolation resistors on each branch to improve the uniformity of signal distribution and port isolation.

3. The radio frequency synthesis network board according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wiring width, length, and spacing of the signal transmission line and power divider branch structure are optimized through electromagnetic simulation to achieve the minimum VSWR and the lowest transmission loss within the predetermined frequency band.

4. The radio frequency synthesis network board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating substrate is made of a high-frequency material with stable dielectric constant and low loss tangent. The thickness and dielectric constant of the high-frequency material are selected according to the signal transmission characteristics.

5. The radio frequency synthesis network board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network board has a symmetrical wiring layout, with the length, width and impedance parameters of the branch lines on both sides being consistent to ensure the consistency of phase and amplitude of signals in each channel.

6. The radio frequency synthesis network board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider branch structure can be expanded into a multi-channel layout, and by adjusting the number of branches and wiring parameters, it can be adapted to the signal processing requirements of different radar systems.

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