A pulse power supply for electro-explosive powder production
By employing a resonant voltage multiplier circuit and a high-voltage trigger in the electro-explosion pulverization pulse power supply, the problems of high switching losses and unstable discharge were solved, achieving a highly efficient electro-explosion pulverization process and reducing energy consumption and cooling requirements.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN BENZHENG ELECTRIC CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2022-11-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing pulse power supplies for electric explosion pulverization suffer from high switching losses, unstable discharge, and high energy consumption during the charging process, resulting in low production efficiency.
A resonant voltage multiplier circuit and a high-voltage trigger are used to ensure that the energy storage capacitor is charged without switching losses, and the discharge pulse is forcibly triggered by the high-voltage trigger, avoiding the use of absorption resistors and reducing energy loss.
It achieves 100% discharge pulse triggering, reduces energy consumption, improves production efficiency, avoids additional cooling requirements, and reduces equipment energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN224356034U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to an electro-explosion powder-making pulse power supply, and more specifically, to a pulse power supply that uses pulsed plasma generated by electro-explosion to manufacture powder materials. Background Technology
[0002] The electro-explosion method for producing metal or metal oxide powders is a relatively new technology that allows for the relatively easy production of nanoscale metal or metal oxide particles. This method requires a pulsed power supply with a charging circuit to charge a storage capacitor. A pulse switch then activates the discharge channel, allowing a metal wire or block to come into contact with the discharge. The explosive arc at the moment of discharge instantly vaporizes part of the metal, which is then rapidly cooled. This process generates a certain number of metal particles. By repeating this cycle, metal powder can be continuously produced. If the metal wire or block is placed in an oxidizing atmosphere, metal oxide powder can be produced.
[0003] Currently, pulse power supplies used in electrical explosions typically require limiting the charging current through resistors or controlled charging through BUCK converter circuits during the charging process, which incurs certain losses. Furthermore, as the discharge progresses, the junction between the metal wire and the metal block may experience localized poor contact, meaning that relying solely on the voltage of the energy storage capacitor may not trigger the discharge. In such cases, the energy from the energy storage capacitor needs to be released onto the absorption resistor. Taking bulk metal materials as an example, in practice, at least about 40% of the time, a discharge pulse cannot be generated, requiring the absorption resistor to absorb the energy. This energy is not only wasted, but the production conditions also require temperature control measures, necessitating a cooling air conditioning system to cool the absorption resistor, further consuming air conditioning energy. Therefore, energy consumption is high and production efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electro-explosion pulverization pulse power supply. This pulse can charge the energy storage capacitor without switching losses and ensure that the discharge pulse is triggered 100% in each cycle. Therefore, there is no need for an absorption resistor, and naturally no need for an additional air conditioning system for cooling and insulation. This can greatly reduce the energy consumption of electro-explosion pulverization.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the focus is on improving the charging circuit and the reliable triggering of pulse discharge. The charging circuit can employ a resonant voltage multiplier method, allowing the circuit switch to be in a zero-current resonant state, thus eliminating switching losses. To ensure 100% triggering of the discharge pulse, a high-voltage trigger circuit needs to be added to the pulse power supply output. Therefore, the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:
[0006] An electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply, comprising an adjustable DC power supply (1), a resonant switch (2), a resonant inductor (3), a diode (4), an energy storage capacitor (5), a semiconductor pulse switch (6), a pulse cable (7), and a high-voltage trigger (8), characterized in that: the input terminal (11) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) obtains power from the mains and converts it into a DC voltage that is arbitrarily adjustable within a range of at least 50-100% of the rated voltage, and the output terminal (12) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) outputs power from the mains. The output is connected to one end of the resonant switch (2), and the other end of the resonant switch (2) is connected in series with the resonant inductor (3), the diode (4), and the energy storage capacitor (5). The negative terminal of the diode (4) is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5), and the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the negative terminal (13) of the adjustable DC power supply (1). The positive terminal of the semiconductor pulse switch (6) is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5). The negative terminal of the 6) is connected to the positive terminal (71) of the input side of the pulse cable (7), and the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the negative terminal (72) of the input side of the pulse cable (7). The positive terminal (73) and negative terminal (74) of the output side of the pulse cable (7) serve as the output terminals of the electro-explosive pulverizing pulse power supply. The high-voltage trigger (8) is connected in parallel between the positive terminal (73) and negative terminal (74) of the output side of the pulse cable (7). In each working cycle, the adjustable DC power supply (1) first sets its output voltage. The voltage at the output terminal (12) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is multiplied by the resonant voltage multiplier effect of the resonant switch (2), the resonant inductor (3), and the diode (4) to charge the energy storage capacitor (5). At the moment the charging ends, the semiconductor pulse switch (6) and the high voltage trigger (8) are triggered simultaneously, so that the energy storage capacitor (5) discharges instantaneously through the pulse cable (7) to the output terminal of the electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply to form an electro-explosion for pulverizing.
[0007] The adjustable DC power supply (1) is composed of a thyristor-controlled voltage regulator or an adjustable switching power supply, and the rated output voltage of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is not less than 100V. This eliminates the need for an additional charging current-limiting resistor, thereby reducing charging energy consumption.
[0008] The resonant switch (2) is composed of a high-voltage thyristor or a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor. In each working cycle, the resonant switch (2) is triggered to conduct for a period of more than half the resonant period of the resonant inductor (3) and the energy storage capacitor (5). During the semiconductor pulse switch (6) and the high-voltage trigger (8), the resonant switch (2) is turned off.
[0009] The semiconductor pulse switch (6) is composed of a pulse thyristor, which has the ability to carry a current of more than 10 kA within 1 ms.
[0010] The pulse cable (7) consists of two parallel cables, each of which is braided from multiple strands of enameled copper wire, with each strand having a diameter of no more than 0.5 mm. This reduces the additional losses caused by the skin effect and prevents the pulse cable from overheating.
[0011] The high-voltage trigger (8) consists of a thyristor (81), a charging resistor (82), a capacitor (83), a pulse transformer (84), and a low-voltage power supply (85). The positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply (85) is connected to one end of the charging resistor (82). The other end of the charging resistor (82) is connected in series with one end of the low-voltage winding of the capacitor (83) and the pulse transformer (84). The other end of the low-voltage winding of the pulse transformer (84) is connected to the negative terminal of the thyristor (81) and the negative terminal of the low-voltage power supply (85). The positive terminal of the thyristor (81) is connected to the junction of the charging resistor (82) and the capacitor (83). When the thyristor (81) is triggered, the high-voltage side of the pulse transformer (84) can output a high-voltage pulse. This pulse can be used to generate a forced trigger, so that a discharge pulse can be generated in each working cycle.
[0012] In the technical solution adopted in this utility model, the resonant voltage multiplier circuit is introduced so that the resonant switch (2) is triggered to conduct for a period of time greater than half of the resonant period of the resonant inductor (3) and the energy storage capacitor (5) in each working cycle. This makes the resonant current complete half of the resonant period. At the start and end times, the current flowing through the resonant switch (2) is zero, realizing zero current turn-on and zero current turn-off. Therefore, the resonant switch (2) will not generate switching losses, can support higher switching frequencies, which is conducive to achieving higher electro-explosion frequencies and improving the production efficiency of powder making. Moreover, there is no resistor that limits the charging current, which also reduces charging losses. By introducing the high-voltage trigger (8), the high-voltage trigger (8) is also triggered at the same time as the semiconductor pulse switch (6), forcibly generating a high-voltage pulse at the output end of the pulverizer, and forcibly triggering the output end to generate a discharge pulse. This avoids the situation where the metal wire or metal block cannot discharge, so there is no need for conventional absorption resistors to absorb the energy when the pulse is not triggered. Therefore, the energy consumption of the entire equipment is reduced, and there is no need for an external refrigeration and air conditioning system to provide insulation. This greatly reduces the energy consumption of electro-explosion pulverization. Attached Figure Description
[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the technical solution will be briefly introduced below.
[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a current conventional pulse power supply scheme.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall scheme of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a specific embodiment of the adjustable DC power supply of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 4 This is a specific embodiment of the adjustable DC power supply of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 5 This is a specific embodiment of the high-voltage trigger of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional pulse power supply used in current electric explosion pulverizing equipment. It can be seen that the power supply charges the energy storage capacitor through a resistor, and a thyristor is connected to a resistor after the pulse switch and then connected in parallel to the pulse cable input terminal. This allows the energy of the energy storage capacitor to be released through the resistor if a discharge pulse is not formed.
[0021] like Figure 2The technical solution of this utility model is shown below: an electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply, which comprises an adjustable DC power supply (1), a resonant switch (2), a resonant inductor (3), a diode (4), an energy storage capacitor (5), a semiconductor pulse switch (6), a pulse cable (7), and a high-voltage trigger (8). Its characteristic is that the input terminal (11) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) obtains power from the mains and converts it into a DC voltage that is arbitrarily adjustable within a range of at least 50-100% of the rated voltage. The output terminal (12) of (1) outputs externally and is connected to one end of the resonant switch (2). The other end of the resonant switch (2) is connected in series with the resonant inductor (3), the diode (4), and the energy storage capacitor (5). The negative terminal of the diode (4) is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5), and the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the negative terminal (13) of the adjustable DC power supply (1). The positive terminal of the semiconductor pulse switch (6) is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5). The negative terminal of the conductor pulse switch (6) is connected to the positive terminal (71) of the input side of the pulse cable (7), the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the negative terminal (72) of the input side of the pulse cable (7), the positive terminal (73) and negative terminal (74) of the output side of the pulse cable (7) serve as the output terminals of the electro-explosive pulverizing pulse power supply, and the high-voltage trigger (8) is connected in parallel between the positive terminal (73) and negative terminal (74) of the output side of the pulse cable (7); in each working cycle, the adjustable DC power supply (1) first sets its output... The voltage value is output, and then the resonant switch (2) is closed. The voltage at the output terminal (12) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is multiplied by the resonant switch (2), the resonant inductor (3), and the diode (4) to charge the energy storage capacitor (5). At the end of the charging, the semiconductor pulse switch (6) and the high-voltage trigger (8) are triggered simultaneously, so that the energy storage capacitor (5) discharges instantaneously through the pulse cable (7) to the output terminal of the electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply to form an electro-explosion for pulverizing. The resonant switch (2) is composed of a high-voltage thyristor or a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor. In each working cycle, the trigger conduction time of the resonant switch (2) is greater than half of the resonant period of the resonant inductor (3) and the energy storage capacitor (5), and the resonant switch (2) is closed during the period of the semiconductor pulse switch (6) and the high-voltage trigger (8). For example, if the resonant inductor (3) is 50uH and the energy storage capacitor (5) is 100uF, then the resonant period is the square root of the product of 50uH and 100uF multiplied by 2π, which is approximately 444uS. Therefore, the triggering time of the resonant switch (2) only needs to be greater than 222uS, and can be 230uS. The semiconductor pulse switch (6) is composed of a pulse thyristor, which has the ability to carry a current of more than 10KA within 1ms.The pulse cable (7) consists of two parallel cables, each of which is braided from multiple strands of enameled copper wire, and the diameter of each strand of enameled wire is no greater than 0.5 mm.
[0022] Figure 3 The figure shows a specific embodiment of the adjustable DC power supply (1). The adjustable DC power supply (1) adopts a thyristor voltage regulator, and its output rated voltage is not less than 100V and has a voltage regulation capability of at least 50-100% of the rated voltage.
[0023] Figure 4 The following is another specific embodiment of the adjustable DC power supply (1). The adjustable DC power supply (1) adopts an adjustable switching power supply. The mains input is rectified and smoothed using a half-bridge topology, and the output is rectified by a full-bridge rectifier. The output voltage can be arbitrarily adjusted by the duty cycle of two insulated gate bipolar transistors. Its rated output voltage is not less than 100V and has a wider range of voltage regulation capability.
[0024] Figure 5 The following is a specific embodiment of the high-voltage trigger (8). The high-voltage trigger (8) is composed of a thyristor (81), a charging resistor (82), a capacitor (83), a pulse transformer (84), and a low-voltage power supply (85). The positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply (85) is connected to one end of the charging resistor (82). The other end of the charging resistor (82) is connected in series with one end of the low-voltage winding of the capacitor (83) and the pulse transformer (84). The other end of the low-voltage winding of the pulse transformer (84) is connected to the negative terminal of the thyristor (81) and the negative terminal of the low-voltage power supply (85). The positive terminal of the thyristor (81) is connected to the connection point of the charging resistor (82) and the capacitor (83). When the thyristor (81) is triggered, the high-voltage side of the pulse transformer (84) can output a high-voltage pulse. A high-voltage pulse only needs a width of at least 100 ns to instantly break through the gap between a metal wire or a metal block and trigger a discharge pulse. Therefore, the high-voltage trigger (8) only needs a small amount of energy and power to achieve the forced triggering function. After triggering, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor (5) is used to maintain the energy and power required for the electric explosion.
Claims
1. An electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply, comprising an adjustable DC power supply (1), a resonant switch (2), a resonant inductor (3), a diode (4), an energy storage capacitor (5), a semiconductor pulse switch (6), a pulse cable (7), and a high-voltage trigger (8), characterized in that: The input terminal (11) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is powered by the mains and converted into a DC voltage that is arbitrarily adjustable within a range of at least 50-100% of the rated voltage. The output terminal (12) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is output to the outside and connected to one end of the resonant switch (2). The other end of the resonant switch (2) is connected in series with the resonant inductor (3), the diode (4), and the energy storage capacitor (5). The negative terminal of the diode (4) is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5), and the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the negative terminal (13) of the adjustable DC power supply (1). The positive terminal of the semiconductor pulse switch (6) is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5), and the negative terminal of the semiconductor pulse switch (6) is connected to the positive terminal (71) of the input side of the pulse cable (7). The negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the pulse cable (7). The input side negative terminal (72), the output side positive terminal (73) and negative terminal (74) of the pulse cable (7) serve as the output terminals of the electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply, and the high voltage trigger (8) is connected in parallel between the output side positive terminal (73) and negative terminal (74) of the pulse cable (7); in each working cycle, the adjustable DC power supply (1) first sets its output voltage value, and then the resonant switch (2) closes. The voltage of the output terminal (12) of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is charged by the resonant voltage multiplication effect of the resonant switch (2), the resonant inductor (3) and the diode (4). At the moment of completion of charging, the semiconductor pulse switch (6) and the high voltage trigger (8) are triggered simultaneously, so that the energy storage capacitor (5) is instantly discharged through the pulse cable (7) to the output terminal of the electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply to form an electro-explosion for pulverizing.
2. The electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustable DC power supply (1) is composed of a thyristor voltage regulator or an adjustable switching power supply, and the rated output voltage of the adjustable DC power supply (1) is not less than 100V.
3. The electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant switch (2) is composed of a high-voltage thyristor or a high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor. In each working cycle, the resonant switch (2) is triggered to conduct for a period of more than half the resonant period of the resonant inductor (3) and the energy storage capacitor (5). During the semiconductor pulse switch (6) and the high-voltage trigger (8), the resonant switch (2) is turned off.
4. The electro-explosion powder making pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the semiconductor pulse switch (6) is composed of a pulse thyristor, and the pulse thyristor has the ability to carry a current of more than 10KA within 1ms.
5. The electro-explosive pulverizing pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulse cable (7) is composed of two parallel cables, each of which is braided from multiple strands of enameled copper wire, and the diameter of each strand of enameled wire is not greater than 0.5mm.
6. The electro-explosion pulverizing pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage trigger (8) is composed of a thyristor (81), a charging resistor (82), a capacitor (83), a pulse transformer (84), and a low-voltage power supply (85). The positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply (85) is connected to one end of the charging resistor (82). The other end of the charging resistor (82) is connected in series with one end of the low-voltage winding of the capacitor (83) and the pulse transformer (84). The other end of the low-voltage winding of the pulse transformer (84) is connected to the negative terminal of the thyristor (81) and the negative terminal of the low-voltage power supply (85). The positive terminal of the thyristor (81) is connected to the connection point of the charging resistor (82) and the capacitor (83). When the thyristor (81) is triggered, the high-voltage side of the pulse transformer (84) can output a high-voltage pulse.