A powder laying device for powder metallurgical production of laminated composites
By combining a support plate, support platform, screw, pad, and transparent plate, the high cost and inconvenient operation of existing powder metallurgy equipment for preparing layered composite materials are solved, realizing low-cost and easy-to-operate preparation of powder layered composite materials.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
Smart Images
Figure CN224359363U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of powder metallurgy, and more specifically, to a powder spreading apparatus for preparing layered composite materials using powder metallurgy. Background Technology
[0002] Compared to homogeneous materials, heterogeneous materials exhibit superior performance, with layered structures being a common example. Common methods for preparing layered materials include explosive bonding and rolling bonding. These methods require sophisticated equipment, are technically challenging, and necessitate a series of surface treatments. Powder metallurgy typically involves cold pressing after each layer of powder is laid to ensure interface smoothness, resulting in a long preparation cycle. While powder-laying equipment has been developed, the assembly and customization of its components are complex and difficult to obtain, hindering the widespread adoption of the technology. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple and convenient powder-laying device for preparing layered composite materials using powder metallurgy.
[0003] Chinese patent CN219561415U discloses a rapid powder-laying device for preparing layered composite materials using powder metallurgy. The device includes a frame, a stepper motor, a scraper, a powder bucket, a pressure head, and a pressure block. The stepper motor and sintering mold are both mounted on the frame. One end of the stepper motor's telescopic rod is fitted with the pressure block, which is located in a through-hole of the mold. The pressure head is placed on the pressure block and tightly fitted with the through-hole of the sintering mold. A powder bucket for recovering excess powder is mounted at one end of the frame. The scraper scrapes the powder to be laid into the sintering mold. The distance between the pressure head and the upper surface of the sintering mold is controlled by the stepper motor to control the required powder layer thickness. This patent uses a stepper motor, which increases the device cost and makes operation inconvenient. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of one of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy.
[0005] This application provides a powder spreading apparatus for preparing layered composite materials using powder metallurgy, comprising:
[0006] Support plate, used to hold the mold;
[0007] A support platform is located below both ends of the support plate;
[0008] A screw, one end of which passes through the center of the support plate, has a cylindrical T-head at one end and a turntable at the other end. The screw is rotated by rotating the turntable.
[0009] A pad is provided in the mold hole of the mold. A T-shaped groove matching the cylindrical T-head is opened below the pad. The pad moves up and down in the mold hole by rotating the screw.
[0010] A transparent plate is placed over the mold hole. The transparent plate is used to compact the powder layer during the powder spreading process and to observe the shape of the powder layer through the transparent plate.
[0011] Optionally, the cylindrical T-head includes a first cylindrical segment and a second cylindrical segment, wherein the diameter of the first cylindrical segment is the same as the diameter of the screw body, and the diameter of the second cylindrical segment is smaller than the diameter of the first cylindrical segment;
[0012] The T-slot includes a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot in sequence. The first slot and the third slot have the same width, and the first slot is wider than the second slot. The cylindrical T-head is inserted into the T-slot from the first slot or the third slot and locked in the second slot. The first slot or the third slot is used to allow the cylindrical T-head to detach from the T-slot.
[0013] Optionally, the lengths of the first slot, the second slot, and the third slot are each 1 / 3 of the length of the pad.
[0014] Optionally, a gap is left after the T-slot is connected to the cylindrical T-head.
[0015] Optionally, when the turntable approaches the support plate, the upper surface of the pad reaches the position of the upper surface of the mold.
[0016] Optionally, the diameter of the screw body does not exceed 1 / 2 of the width of the pad, and the diameter of the first cylindrical section does not exceed 1 / 3 of the width of the pad.
[0017] Optionally, the pad is a square pad.
[0018] Optionally, the support platform is rectangular in shape, the height of the support platform exceeds the length of the screw, and the width of the upper surface is greater than the width of the support plate.
[0019] Optionally, the support plate is a cuboid plate with a threaded hole in the center for the screw to pass through. The width of the support plate is greater than the diameter of the mold, and the length is greater than twice the diameter of the mold.
[0020] Optionally, the transparent plate is an acrylic plate.
[0021] The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy provided in this application has readily available and low-cost components, is simple to assemble, and does not occupy a large space. It achieves controllable thickness and smooth interface of layered composite materials by rotating the screw. It is easy to operate, has good powder spreading effect, strong versatility, and is suitable for widespread application. This device has broad application prospects in the field of preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy.
[0022] Other technical effects resulting from the additional features will be further illustrated in the corresponding embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a powder spreading apparatus for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy, according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical T-head structure at the upper end of a screw, according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0026] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pad according to an exemplary embodiment, wherein: (a) is a front view and (b) is a bottom view.
[0027] In the diagram: 1 is the support platform, 2 is the support plate, 3 is the screw, 4 is the pad, 5 is the mold, and 6 is the transparent plate. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Parts not described in detail in the following embodiments can be implemented using existing technology.
[0029] Existing powder spreading equipment is costly and inconvenient to operate. To address these issues, this application provides a powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials using powder metallurgy, thereby resolving these problems.
[0030] Reference Figure 1 As shown in one embodiment of this application, a powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy includes a support plate 2, a support platform 1, a screw 3, a pad 4, and a transparent plate 6, etc. The peripheral equipment involved is a sintering mold that matches the pad 4. The support plate 2 is used to place the mold 5; the support platform 1 is located below both ends of the support plate 2; one end of the screw 3 passes through the center of the support plate 2, and one end of the screw 3 is provided with a cylindrical T-head, and the other end is provided with a turntable. The rotation of the turntable realizes the rotation of the screw 3; the pad 4 is provided in the mold hole of the mold 5, and a T-shaped groove matching the cylindrical T-head is opened below the pad 4. The rotation of the screw 3 controls the up and down movement of the pad 4 in the mold hole; the transparent plate 6 is covered above the mold hole. The transparent plate 6 is used to compact the powder layer during the powder spreading process and to observe the shape of the powder layer through the transparent plate 6.
[0031] Specifically, mold 5 is cylindrical with a through hole (mold hole) in the middle that matches the pad 4. Support plate 2 is placed on two support platforms 1 below its two ends, leaving operating space for screw 3 in the middle to ensure stable support of mold 5 without shaking or deformation affecting powder spreading. Screw 3 passes through the bottom of support plate 2, connecting the center of the T-shaped groove of pad 4 to the cylindrical T-head of screw 3. Pad 4 is then placed into mold 5, entering the through hole from the bottom of the mold. During powder spreading, transparent plate 6 is manually pressed over the through hole of mold 5 to ensure complete coverage. Rotating the turntable below screw 3 raises pad 4, compacting the powder and creating a smooth interface. The flow of powder within the layer can be observed through transparent plate 6. After ensuring a smooth interface, it is horizontally moved out along the upper surface of mold 5. After powder spreading, mold 5 is moved to detach pad 4 from screw 3, allowing for hot pressing.
[0032] It should be noted that during the powder spreading process, since the mass of each layer of powder is weighed, the theoretical volume is obtained by dividing the powder mass by the theoretical density, and the thickness of the powder layer is obtained by dividing the theoretical volume by the area of the mold hole. Alternatively, given the theoretical thickness required for each layer in the design, the required mass of powder for each layer can be obtained. Thus, the powder layer thickness can be controlled by rotating the screw.
[0033] The device provided in this application has readily available and low-cost components, is easy to assemble, and does not occupy a large space. It achieves controllable thickness and smooth interface of powder layered composite materials by rotating screw 3. It is easy to operate, has good powder spreading effect, strong versatility, and is suitable for widespread application. This device has broad application prospects in the field of powder metallurgy preparation of layered composite materials.
[0034] To insert one end of the screw 3 into the pad 4, so that the screw 3 drives the pad 4 to move synchronously, refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments of this application, the cylindrical T-head includes a first cylindrical segment and a second cylindrical segment. The diameter of the first cylindrical segment is the same as the diameter of the screw 3, and the diameter of the second cylindrical segment is smaller than the diameter of the first cylindrical segment. The T-slot includes a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot in sequence. The widths of the first slot and the third slot are the same and greater than the width of the second slot. The cylindrical T-head is inserted into the T-slot from the first slot or the third slot and locked in the second slot, i.e., the second slot serves as a locking slot. The first slot or the third slot is used to disengage the cylindrical T-head from the T-slot, and these two slots serve as non-locking slot parts.
[0035] Specifically, the T-shaped groove is located in the middle of the bottom of the pad 4, and its length is the same as that of the pad.
[0036] The embodiments described above in this application use a cylindrical T-head at the end of the screw to connect with a T-groove in the middle of the bottom of the pad, resulting in a simple structure, strong load-bearing capacity, and convenient assembly and disassembly.
[0037] To improve the stability of the structure, in some specific embodiments of this application, the lengths of the first slot, the second slot, and the third slot are each 1 / 3 of the length of the pad block.
[0038] Specifically, the two ends of the T-shaped groove are ground into rectangles, which, when viewed from the bottom, form a bone shape that is wider at the top and bottom and narrower in the middle. The length of the bone shape at the top, middle and bottom each accounts for 1 / 3 of the side length of the pad.
[0039] To ensure smooth and wobbly sliding after the screw 3 is connected to the pad 4, in some specific embodiments of this application, a gap is left after the T-slot is connected to the cylindrical T-head.
[0040] For example, a gap of 0.5 mm is provided between the T-slot and the cylindrical T-head.
[0041] It should be noted that the above clearance value can be adjusted appropriately according to actual needs, as long as the screw and the pad can slide smoothly without shaking after connection.
[0042] To facilitate powder spreading and thickness control, in some specific embodiments of this application, when the turntable approaches the support plate 2, the upper surface of the pad 4 reaches the position of the upper surface of the mold 5.
[0043] In the above embodiments of this application, after the screw 3 is connected to the pad 4, the length of the screw allows the upper surface of the pad 4 to reach the upper surface of the mold 5, thereby facilitating the powder spreading operation.
[0044] In some specific embodiments of this application, the diameter of the screw 3 does not exceed 1 / 2 of the width of the pad, and the diameter of the first cylindrical section does not exceed 1 / 3 of the width of the pad, so as to facilitate the detachment operation.
[0045] In some specific embodiments of this application, the pad 4 is a square pad.
[0046] Specifically, the upper and lower surfaces of the square pad are square, with a thickness of 20 mm. The mold 5 has a square through hole in the middle that matches the square pad.
[0047] In order to provide stable support for the device and ensure that there is no shaking during the powder spreading process, in some specific embodiments of this application, the support platform 1 is rectangular in shape, the height of the support platform 1 exceeds the length of the screw 3, and the width of the upper surface is greater than the width of the support plate 2.
[0048] Specifically, support platform 1 uses two rectangular weights.
[0049] In some specific embodiments of this application, the support plate 2 is a cuboid plate with a threaded hole in the center for the screw 3 to pass through. The width of the support plate 2 is greater than the diameter of the mold 5, and the length is greater than twice the diameter of the mold.
[0050] Specifically, an aluminum alloy support plate with a thickness of 10 mm is used. The threaded hole of the support plate matches the screw 3, and the screw 3 is screwed into the middle threaded hole from the bottom of the support plate 2. The diameter of the threaded hole is less than 1 / 2 the width of the pad.
[0051] In the above embodiments of this application, neither the support platform 1 nor the support plate 2 will experience shaking or deformation that would affect the operation, ensuring the smooth progress of the powder spreading process.
[0052] In order to compact the powder layer, promote a smooth interface, and observe the material shape during the powder spreading process, in some specific embodiments of this application, the transparent plate 6 is made of acrylic sheet.
[0053] Specifically, acrylic sheets have advantages such as high transparency, light weight and high strength. Transparent acrylic sheets are cuboids with upper and lower surface areas larger than the area of the mold holes, which can compact layered composite materials to form a flat surface and facilitate observation of the shape of the layered materials.
[0054] The specific operation for preparing layered composite materials based on the apparatus in the above embodiments is as follows:
[0055] (1) By controlling the turntable below the screw 3, the upper surface of the pad 4 is made to coincide with the upper surface of the mold 5;
[0056] (2) Calculate the required powder weight for each layer, based on the difference between the theoretical density and the loose density of the powder. Weigh the powder and spread it evenly in the layer.
[0057] (3) Manually press the transparent plate 6 firmly above the through hole of the mold 5, and rotate the turntable to raise the pad 4. The powder flow can be observed through the transparent plate 6. The powder spreads and becomes compacted in the layer under the pressure of the transparent plate 6 and the pad 4, and the interface becomes flat. Press the transparent plate 6 firmly against the upper surface of the mold 5 and move it horizontally to complete the layer of powder spreading.
[0058] (4) Repeat steps (2) and (3) to continue spreading different types of powder. After all powders are spread, lower the pad 4 to the bottom. Move the mold 5 in either direction of the T-slot to move the cylindrical T-head of the screw 3 to the non-slotted part of the pad 4, thus separating the pad 4 from the screw 3. The mold 5 and the pad 4 can then undergo subsequent hot pressing and sintering.
[0059] Laminated aluminum matrix composites with different reinforcing content were prepared using this device. The hot-mounted sample had a diameter of 30 mm. The dark layer powder was Al + 10 vol.% SiC, and the bright layer powder was pure aluminum. The slightly thicker top and bottom layers were intentionally designed, while the remaining layers had uniform thickness and smooth interfaces.
[0060] The preferred features in the above embodiments can be used individually in any embodiment, or in any combination thereof, provided they do not conflict with each other. Furthermore, parts not described in detail in the embodiments can be implemented using existing technologies.
[0061] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0062] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
[0063] In the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0064] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0065] The foregoing has described some specific embodiments of this application. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.
Claims
1. A powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy, characterized in that, include: Support plate, used to hold the mold; A support platform is located below both ends of the support plate; A screw, one end of which passes through the center of the support plate, has a cylindrical T-head at one end and a turntable at the other end. The screw is rotated by rotating the turntable. A pad is provided in the mold hole of the mold. A T-shaped groove matching the cylindrical T-head is opened below the pad. The pad moves up and down in the mold hole by rotating the screw. A transparent plate is placed over the mold hole. The transparent plate is used to compact the powder layer during the powder spreading process and to observe the shape of the powder layer through the transparent plate.
2. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical T-head includes a first cylindrical segment and a second cylindrical segment. The diameter of the first cylindrical segment is the same as the diameter of the screw body, and the diameter of the second cylindrical segment is smaller than the diameter of the first cylindrical segment. The T-slot includes a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot in sequence. The first slot and the third slot have the same width, and the first slot is wider than the second slot. The cylindrical T-head is inserted into the T-slot from the first slot or the third slot and locked in the second slot. The first slot or the third slot is used to allow the cylindrical T-head to detach from the T-slot.
3. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lengths of the first slot, the second slot, and the third slot are each 1 / 3 of the length of the pad block.
4. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gap is left after the T-shaped groove is connected to the cylindrical T-head.
5. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the turntable approaches the support plate, the upper surface of the pad reaches the position of the upper surface of the mold.
6. The powder spreading apparatus for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the screw body does not exceed 1 / 2 of the width of the pad, and the diameter of the first cylindrical section does not exceed 1 / 3 of the width of the pad.
7. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pad is a square pad.
8. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support platform is rectangular in shape, and its height exceeds the length of the screw. The width of its upper surface is greater than the width of the support plate.
9. The powder spreading device for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate is a cuboid plate with a threaded hole in the center for the screw to pass through. The width of the support plate is greater than the diameter of the mold, and the length is greater than twice the diameter of the mold.
10. The powder spreading apparatus for preparing layered composite materials by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent panel is made of acrylic.