A semi-finishing turning insert for steel
By employing a specific structural design in the cutting inserts for semi-finishing steel parts, the problem of long chip generation has been solved, resulting in improved safety and stability, extended insert life, and increased machining efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHUZHOU HUARUI PRECISION CUTTINGS TOOLS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
Smart Images
Figure CN224359376U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of steel processing, specifically a semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts. Background Technology
[0002] Steel, due to its excellent mechanical properties and wide applications, is one of the most common workpiece materials in turning. Semi-finishing of steel parts is a crucial process between roughing and finishing. Its main goal is to efficiently remove most of the excess material from roughing, laying the foundation for finishing. Simultaneously, it requires good dimensional accuracy and surface finish to meet the requirements of subsequent processes, while ensuring the stability and economy of the machining process. Therefore, it places high demands on the cutting tools. For the medium depth of cut and feed range commonly used in semi-finishing of steel parts, existing chip breaker structures easily generate long, continuous spiral or entangled chips. This not only threatens operator safety and easily scratches the machined surface, but also entangles the workpiece or tool, forcing a shutdown for cleaning, seriously affecting machining continuity and the smoothness of automated production.
[0003] Chinese patent CN109365846A discloses a turning insert. This indexable turning insert ensures the sharpness of the insert under small cutting parameters, making cutting light and easy, and allowing the chips to be smoothly guided, curled, and broken, thus achieving precise chip control. At the same time, it ensures the reasonable stress on the insert under larger cutting parameters. The variable rake angle structure improves the cutting edge strength of the insert, and the variable chip breaker depth and width improve the chip breaker space, making the machining conditions more stable. However, its structure results in lower resistance to chipping, and it cannot be adapted to the machining of various types of steel parts by changing the cutting edge width and rake angle, resulting in poor versatility.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a type of semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts that can precisely control and break chips, and is not only sharp but also has the strength to resist chipping, making it more widely applicable. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts, so as to solve at least one aspect of the problems and defects mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts, comprising:
[0008] The blade body has several apex angles.
[0009] Each of the aforementioned apex corners is provided with a cutting edge, and the cutting edge is provided with an arc-shaped corner edge and straight edges on both sides of the arc-shaped corner edge;
[0010] The cutting edge is provided with a cutting width, a rake face, a chip groove, a chip reversal face, and a chip folding table in sequence along the middle of the blade body;
[0011] A variable arc is provided between the blade width and the front cutting face, and the front cutting face is provided with a front angle corresponding to the straight blade and adapted to the variable arc;
[0012] The chip groove gradually increases in size along the cutting edge.
[0013] The semi-finishing turning inserts for steel parts according to this scheme have at least the following technical advantages:
[0014] During cutting, this semi-finishing turning insert for steel parts exhibits two key characteristics: First, the chips flow smoothly along the rake face to the bottom of the chip groove, then bounce elastically onto the overhanging chip curling platform positioned at intervals relative to the cutting edge, causing elastic curling. Second, chips can also curl directly onto the chip curling platform from different positions in the chip groove without flowing to the bottom, resulting in elastic curling. This combination of structures effectively enhances the groove strength, ensuring effective chip breakage and significantly reducing the likelihood of long chips. This protects operators and the machined steel surface from cuts or scratches. Furthermore, it effectively reduces the risk of long chips entangled in the workpiece or tool, allowing for continuous machining. In addition, this insert is not only sharp but also possesses anti-chipping strength, excellent chip-breaking ability, and good machining performance. It is suitable for a wider range of cutting parameters, improving the versatility and stability of semi-finishing turning inserts for steel parts, thereby increasing production efficiency and meeting the turning requirements for semi-finishing steel parts.
[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: several of the apex angles are the same, and the sidewalls connecting several adjacent apex angles form a back face.
[0016] Because several apex angles are identical, and the sidewalls connecting several adjacent apex angles form a flank face, the cutting edges at each apex can participate in cutting during the cutting process. Furthermore, when the cutting edge at one apex wears down, the high-speed rotating insert allows the remaining unworn cutting edges to continue cutting, significantly increasing the insert's lifespan and reducing tool replacement frequency and costs. Simultaneously, the identical apex angles ensure that the cutting force distribution and heat generation are essentially the same for each cutting edge during the cutting process, resulting in high consistency in the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined steel parts, reducing machining errors caused by differences in cutting edges. Additionally, the stress and wear on the flank face are relatively uniform during cutting, allowing it to maintain a good condition for a longer period, effectively protecting the cutting edge and ensuring the cutting quality.
[0017] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the rake face of the arc-shaped cutting edge is a concave arc surface structure, and the chip-rolling platform is a spherical protrusion with gradient.
[0018] Because the rake face of the arc-shaped cutting edge has a concave arc surface structure and the chip-forming platform has a gradient of spherical protrusions, the chips flow smoothly along the concave arc surface of the rake face through the bottom of the chip groove. Then, the chips hit the protruding surface of the spherical protrusions of the chip-forming platform, which is spaced apart from the cutting edge, and elastically curl. This concentrates the stress of the chips at a specific location, making them easier to break. This greatly reduces the possibility of producing long chips and improves the stability and reliability of chip breaking.
[0019] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the size of the variable arc is adapted to the size of the straight edges on both sides of the arc-shaped corner blade.
[0020] Because the size of the variable arc is matched with the size of the straight edges on both sides of the arc-shaped cutting edge, the size of the variable arc changes from the tip of the arc-shaped cutting edge to the size of the straight edges, thereby achieving the effect of variable cutting edge width. This allows the cutting edge to maintain high sharpness while gradually increasing its strength. The variable cutting edge width design helps to change the chip formation process, allowing suitable chip shapes and sizes to be smoothly discharged, avoiding chips from wrapping around the tool or workpiece, and improving machining safety and surface quality.
[0021] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the blade body further includes a spherical raised ridge, and the rake angle of the rake face and the spherical raised ridge form a chip groove that gradually increases in size along the cutting edge.
[0022] Because the insert body also includes a spherical raised ridge, the rake angle of the rake face and the spherical raised ridge form a chip groove that gradually increases in size along the cutting edge. This design, where the chip groove gradually increases in size along the cutting edge, can provide appropriate chip space based on the varying amount of chips produced at different cutting positions. At the initial entry point of the cutting edge, the amount of chips is relatively small, and a smaller chip groove is sufficient. As the cutting progresses, the amount of chips gradually increases, and the larger chip groove can accommodate more chips. This also facilitates chip flow and removal, preventing chip accumulation in the cutting area and ensuring smooth machining.
[0023] As a further improvement of this utility model, an assembly hole is provided in the middle of the blade body.
[0024] By setting an assembly hole in the middle of the blade body, the blade body is connected to the tool body through the assembly hole. By matching the assembly hole with the corresponding positioning structure on the tool body, the blade can be quickly and accurately installed in the designated position on the tool body. This greatly simplifies the installation operation, shortens the installation time, ensures the stability and reliability of the connection between the blade body and the tool body, and prevents the blade from loosening or shifting due to cutting forces during the cutting process.
[0025] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a platform is provided on the side of the spherical protrusion ridge near the assembly hole, and a wear-reducing area is provided on one side of the platform.
[0026] By setting a platform on the side of the spherical raised ridge near the assembly hole, and setting a wear-reducing zone on one side of the platform, the wear of the cutting tool is reduced without affecting the positioning of the cutting tool. This reduces the frequency of cutting tool replacement and saves the consumption of cemented carbide materials, improves working stability and continuity, effectively ensures the structural strength of the cutting tool, and thus improves production efficiency.
[0027] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the blade body is an equilateral triangle, a parallelogram, or a regular quadrilateral.
[0028] Because the blade body is an equilateral triangle, parallelogram, or square, the blade body can be an equilateral triangle with three sets of 60° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 80° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 90° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 55° apex angles; or a square with four sets of 35° apex angles. Equilateral triangle, parallelogram, and square blades have multiple cutting edges. When one cutting edge wears out, it can be quickly replaced with another cutting edge to continue machining, eliminating the need for frequent blade changes. This greatly improves machining continuity and efficiency, and reduces downtime. Furthermore, the different apex angle designs allow the blade to adapt to different machining angle requirements. Different blade bodies can be selected based on the specific steel workpiece being machined to achieve machining at different angles, meeting diverse machining requirements. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one type of semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts;
[0031] Figure 2 The second schematic diagram shows the structure of a semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts.
[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side view structure;
[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A.
[0034] Figure label:
[0035] 1. Cutting edge; 2. Arc-shaped angular cutting edge; 3. Straight cutting edge; 4. Cutting edge width; 5. Rake face; 6. Chip groove; 7. Chip reversal surface; 8. Chip folding table; 9. Variable arc; 10. Rake face; 11. Spherical raised ridge; 12. Assembly hole; 13. Platform; 14. Anti-grinding zone. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0038] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used in the description, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0039] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model; that is, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0042] like Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a semi-finishing turning insert for steel parts, comprising: an insert body having a plurality of apex angles; each of the plurality of apex angles having a cutting edge 1, the cutting edge 1 having an arc-shaped corner edge 2 and straight edges 3 on both sides of the arc-shaped corner edge 2; the cutting edge 1 having a cutting width 4, a rake face 5, a chip groove 6, a chip retraction surface 7, and a chip folding platform 8 arranged sequentially along the middle of the insert body; a variable arc 9 being provided between the cutting width 4 and the rake face 5, the rake face 5 having a rake angle corresponding to the straight edges 3 and adapted to the variable arc 9; the chip groove 6 increasing in size along the cutting edge 1.
[0043] Specifically, during cutting, the semi-finishing turning insert for steel parts exhibits two key characteristics: First, the chips flow smoothly along the rake face 5 through the bottom of the chip groove 6, and then along the anti-chip surface 7 onto the overhanging chip table 8, which is spaced apart from the cutting edge 1, where they elastically curl. Second, chips can also curl directly from different positions in the chip groove 6 to the chip table 8 without flowing through the bottom of the groove, resulting in elastic curling. This combination of structures effectively enhances the groove strength, ensuring effective chip breakage and significantly reducing the likelihood of long chips. This protects operators and the machined surface of the steel parts from the risk of cuts or scratches from the chips. Furthermore, it effectively reduces the risk of long chips entangled in the workpiece or tool, allowing the machining process to continue. Simultaneously, this insert is not only sharp but also possesses anti-chipping strength, excellent chip-breaking ability, and good machining performance. It is suitable for a wider range of cutting parameters, improving the versatility and stability of the semi-finishing turning insert for steel parts, thereby increasing production efficiency and meeting the turning requirements for semi-finishing steel parts.
[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, several vertices have the same angle, and the sidewalls connecting several adjacent vertices form a back face 10.
[0045] Specifically, because several apex angles are the same, the sidewalls connecting several adjacent apex angles form a flank face 10. This allows the cutting edges 1 at each apex angle to participate in cutting during the cutting process. Furthermore, when the cutting edge 1 at one apex angle wears down, the high-speed rotating insert allows the other unworn cutting edges 1 to continue cutting, greatly increasing the number of insert uses and lifespan, and reducing tool replacement frequency and cost. At the same time, the apex angles of the same angle ensure that the cutting force distribution and cutting heat generation of each cutting edge 1 are basically consistent during the cutting process, resulting in high consistency in the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the steel workpiece and reducing machining errors caused by differences in the cutting edges 1. In addition, the force and wear of the flank face 10 during the cutting process are relatively uniform, allowing the flank face 10 to maintain a good condition for a longer period of time, effectively protecting the cutting edges 1 and thus ensuring the cutting quality of the cutting edges.
[0046] Furthermore, the rake face 5 of the arc-shaped cutting edge 2 is a concave arc surface structure, and the chip-forming platform 8 is a spherical protrusion with gradient.
[0047] Specifically, since the rake face 5 of the arc-shaped cutting edge 2 is a concave arc surface structure and the chip-forming platform 8 is a spherical protrusion with gradient, the chips flow smoothly along the rake face 5 with the concave arc surface structure through the bottom of the chip groove 6. The chips then hit the protruding surface of the spherical protrusion chip-forming platform 8, which is spaced apart from the cutting edge 1, along the anti-chip surface 7, and elastically curl. This concentrates the stress of the chips at a specific location, making them easier to break, greatly reducing the possibility of producing long chips, and improving the stability and reliability of chip breaking.
[0048] Furthermore, the size of the variable arc 9 is adapted to the size of the straight blades 3 on both sides of the arc-shaped corner blade 2.
[0049] Specifically, since the size of the variable arc 9 is adapted to the size of the straight edges 3 on both sides of the arc-shaped corner cutting edge 2, the size of the variable arc 9 changes from the tip of the arc-shaped corner cutting edge 2 to the size of the straight edges, thereby achieving the effect of variable cutting width. This allows the cutting edge 1 to maintain a high sharpness while gradually increasing the strength of the cutting edge 1. The variable cutting width design helps to change the chip formation process, so that the appropriate chip shape and size can be smoothly discharged, avoiding chips from wrapping around the tool or workpiece, and improving the safety and surface quality of the machining.
[0050] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the insert body also includes a spherical raised ridge 11, and the rake angle of the rake face 5 and the spherical raised ridge 11 form a chip groove 6 that gradually increases in size along the cutting edge 1.
[0051] Specifically, since the insert body also includes a spherical raised ridge 11, the rake angle of the rake face 5 and the spherical raised ridge 11 form a chip groove 6 that gradually increases in size along the cutting edge 1. This design of the chip groove 6 gradually increasing in size along the cutting edge 1 allows for the provision of appropriate chip space based on the varying amount of chips generated at different cutting positions. At the initial entry point of the cutting edge 1, the amount of chips generated is relatively small, and a smaller chip groove 6 is sufficient. As cutting progresses, the amount of chips gradually increases, and the larger chip groove 6 can accommodate more chips. This also facilitates chip flow and removal, preventing chip accumulation in the cutting area and ensuring smooth machining.
[0052] Furthermore, an assembly hole 12 is provided in the middle of the blade body.
[0053] Specifically, by setting an assembly hole 12 in the middle of the blade body, the blade body is connected to the tool body through the assembly hole 12. By matching the assembly hole 12 with the corresponding positioning structure on the tool body, the blade can be quickly and accurately installed into the designated position on the tool body, which greatly simplifies the installation operation, shortens the installation time, ensures the connection stability and reliability between the blade body and the tool body, and prevents the blade from loosening or shifting due to cutting force during the cutting process.
[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a platform 13 is provided on the side of the spherical raised ridge 11 near the assembly hole 12, and a wear-reducing zone 14 is provided on one side of the platform 13.
[0055] Specifically, by setting a platform 13 on the side of the spherical raised ridge 11 near the assembly hole 12, and setting a wear-reducing zone 14 on one side of the platform 13, the wear of the blade is reduced without affecting the blade positioning, the blade replacement frequency is reduced, and the consumption of cemented carbide materials is saved, improving working stability and continuity, effectively ensuring the structural strength of the blade, thereby improving production efficiency.
[0056] According to embodiments of this utility model, the blade body is an equilateral triangle, a parallelogram, or a regular square.
[0057] Specifically, since the blade body is an equilateral triangle, parallelogram, or square, the blade body can be an equilateral triangle with three sets of 60° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 80° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 90° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 55° apex angles; or a square with four sets of 35° apex angles. Equilateral triangle, parallelogram, and square blades have multiple cutting edges. When one cutting edge wears out, it can be quickly replaced with another cutting edge to continue machining, eliminating the need for frequent blade changes. This greatly improves machining continuity and efficiency, and reduces downtime. Furthermore, the different apex angle designs allow the blade to adapt to different machining angle requirements. Different blade bodies can be selected based on the specific steel workpiece being machined to achieve machining at different angles, meeting diverse machining requirements.
[0058] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A semi-finishing turning insert for steel workpieces, characterized in that, include: The blade body has several apex angles. A number of the apex corners are respectively provided with cutting edges (1), and the cutting edges (1) are provided with arc-shaped corner edges (2) and straight edges (3) on both sides of the arc-shaped corner edges (2). The cutting edge (1) is provided with a cutting edge width (4), a rake face (5), a chip groove (6), a chip reversing face (7), and a chip folding table (8) in sequence along the middle of the blade body; A variable arc (9) is provided between the blade width (4) and the front blade face (5). The front blade face (5) and the straight blade (3) are provided with a front angle that is adapted to the variable arc (9). The chip groove (6) gradually increases in size along the cutting edge (1).
2. The steel workpiece semi-finishing turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angles of several of the apex angles are the same, and the sidewalls connected between several adjacent apex angles form a back face (10).
3. The steel workpiece semi-finishing turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rake face (5) of the arc-shaped corner cutting edge (2) is a concave arc surface structure, and the chip-rolling platform (8) is a spherical protrusion with gradient.
4. The semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the variable arc (9) is adapted to the size of the straight blades (3) on both sides of the arc-shaped corner blade (2).
5. The semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade body also includes a spherical raised ridge (11), and the rake angle of the rake face (5) and the spherical raised ridge (11) form a chip groove (6) that increases in size along the cutting edge (1).
6. The semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blade body has an assembly hole (12) in the middle.
7. The semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spherical raised ridge (11) has a platform (13) on the side near the assembly hole (12), and a wear-reducing area (14) is provided on one side of the platform (13).
8. The semi-finishing turning tool for steel parts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The blade body is an equilateral triangle, a parallelogram, or a regular square.