Pneumatic translational chuck

Abstract

A kind of pneumatic translational clamping chuck, two groups of linear guide slots are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the base body on the front end face of the base body, two groups of piston through holes are symmetrically arranged on the rear end face of the base body, a slidable jaw holder is installed in the linear guide slot, a jaw is installed on the slidable jaw holder, a driven wedge-shaped slot is formed in the bottom of the slidable jaw holder;A double-acting pneumatic cylinder is fixedly installed on the back of the base body, the cylinder piston is distributed in the radial direction two-stage piston rod, the two-stage piston rod is located in the piston through hole, a wedge-shaped transmission block is arranged at the front end of the two-stage piston rod, and the wedge-shaped transmission block is installed in cooperation with the driven wedge-shaped slot in the bottom of the slidable jaw holder. The pneumatic translational clamping chuck of the utility model realizes high-precision positioning, efficient non-destructive clamping, self-adaptive clamping, modular design and low maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining fixture technology. Background Technology

[0002] Chucks are used to clamp workpieces on CNC equipment such as lathes, milling machines, and automated production lines. Pneumatically driven translational clamping chucks are suitable for quickly clamping cylindrical, square, or irregularly shaped workpieces.

[0003] The existing chucks have the following drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Traditional three-jaw chucks rely on manual tightening, which is inefficient and results in inconsistent clamping force;

[0005] 2. Hydraulic chucks have a complex structure, pose a risk of oil leakage, and have high maintenance costs;

[0006] 3. Pneumatic chucks mostly use a rotary clamping method, which can easily cause radial runout when clamping eccentric workpieces, affecting machining accuracy;

[0007] 4. The gripper's movement trajectory is radial contraction, which can easily scratch the surface of precision workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems with existing chucks, this invention provides a pneumatic translational clamping chuck.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above-mentioned objectives is as follows: a pneumatic translational clamping chuck, wherein two or more sets of linear guide grooves 102 are symmetrically arranged on the front end face of the base 1 along the radial direction of the base, and two or more sets of piston through holes 103 are symmetrically arranged on the rear end face of the base 1. A slidable gripper seat 201 is installed in the linear guide groove 102, and a gripper 204 is installed on the slidable gripper seat 201. A driven wedge groove 202 is opened at the bottom of the slidable gripper seat 201. A double-acting cylinder 301 is fixedly installed on the back of the base 1. A secondary piston rod 303 is radially distributed on the cylinder piston 302. The secondary piston rod 303 is located in the piston through hole 103. A wedge-shaped transmission block 304 is provided at the front end of the secondary piston rod 303. The wedge-shaped transmission block 304 is fitted with the driven wedge groove 202 at the bottom of the slidable gripper seat 201.

[0010] A linear guide rail is installed inside the linear guide groove 102, and the slidable gripper seat 201 is slidably installed on the linear guide rail.

[0011] The dual-acting cylinder 301 has a first air inlet / outlet port 305 at its rear end or a second air inlet / outlet port 306 on its side. A valve distribution ring 307 is installed on the outside of the second air inlet / outlet port 306 of the dual-acting cylinder 301, and a third air inlet / outlet port 308 is provided on the side of the valve distribution ring 307.

[0012] The workpiece end face positioning block 101 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the substrate 1.

[0013] An oil injection nozzle 203 is provided on the outer side of the sliding gripper seat 201.

[0014] A sealing ring 104 is installed between the inner side of the base 1 and the secondary piston rod 303.

[0015] The gripping surface of the gripper 204 is covered with an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer.

[0016] The secondary piston rod 303 has a frustum-shaped structure with a cone angle of 45°.

[0017] The pneumatic translational clamping chuck of this utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. High-precision positioning: Linear guide rails guide the movement of the grippers without radial offset, reducing workpiece clamping runout (≤0.01mm).

[0019] 2. High-efficiency and non-destructive clamping: pneumatically driven, clamping / releasing time < 1 second; linear movement of the grippers avoids scratching the workpiece surface;

[0020] 3. Adaptive clamping: Wedge drive automatically compensates for jaw wear, ensuring multi-jaw synchronization;

[0021] 4. Modular design: The grippers can be quickly replaced to adapt to different workpiece shapes;

[0022] 5. Low maintenance cost: Pure pneumatic structure, no risk of hydraulic oil contamination, can work with air pressure of (0.4~0.8) MPa, repeatability of 0.005mm, maximum clamping force of 8kN (adjustable). Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the pneumatic translational clamping chuck of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the pneumatic translational clamping chuck of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the pneumatic translational clamping chuck of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic translational clamping chuck of this utility model in the released state.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of the pneumatic translational clamping chuck of this utility model.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Base, 101. Workpiece end face fixing block, 102. Linear guide groove, 103. Piston through hole, 104. Sealing ring, 201. Sliding jaw seat, 202. Driven wedge groove, 203. Oil injection nozzle, 204. Clamp, 301. Double-acting cylinder, 302. Cylinder piston, 303. Secondary piston rod, 304. Wedge transmission block, 305. First air inlet and outlet hole, 306. Second air inlet and outlet hole, 307. Valve ring, 308. Third air inlet and outlet hole, 4. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The pneumatic translational clamping chuck structure of this utility model is as follows: Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes:

[0030] Base 1: The base is a disc-shaped structure with a workpiece end face positioning block 101 at the center. Two or more sets of linear guide grooves 102 are symmetrically arranged on the front end face. The linear guide grooves 102 are distributed radially along the base and linear guide rails are installed in the linear guide grooves 102. Two or more sets of piston through holes 103 are symmetrically arranged on the rear end face of the base 1, and sealing rings (104) are added in the piston through holes 103.

[0031] Translational clamping mechanism: A sliding jaw seat 201 is installed on each linear guide rail. A driven wedge groove 202 is opened at the bottom of the sliding jaw seat 201. An oil injection nozzle 203 is connected to the outside of the sliding jaw seat 201. A replaceable jaw 204 is bolted to the front end of the sliding jaw seat 201. The clamping surface of the jaw 204 is covered with an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer such as polyurethane or engineering rubber.

[0032] Pneumatic drive assembly: A double-acting cylinder 301 is fixed to the back of the base 1. A secondary piston rod 303 is radially distributed along the cylinder piston 302. The secondary piston rod 303 has a frustum-shaped structure with a cone angle of 45°. The secondary piston rod 303 is located within the piston through hole 103, and a wedge-shaped transmission block 304 is provided at the front end of the secondary piston rod 303. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped transmission block 304 cooperates with the driven wedge groove 202 at the bottom of the sliding gripper seat 201. The double-acting cylinder 301 has two air intake and exhaust methods: one is through the air intake and exhaust port 305 at the rear end of the cylinder 301; the other is through the air intake and exhaust port 306 on the side of the cylinder 301. A valve ring 307 is added on the outside, and an air intake and exhaust port 308 is provided on the side of the valve ring. When using one air intake and exhaust method, the port of the other air intake and exhaust method is blocked to achieve dual air intake and exhaust methods, realizing multiple installation methods of the chuck.

[0033] Working principle: Compressed air enters the rodless chamber of cylinder 301 through the first inlet / outlet port 305 or the third inlet / outlet port 308, pushing the piston 302 to move. The wedge-shaped transmission block 304 at the front end of the secondary piston rod 303 also moves synchronously. Its inclined surface presses against the driven wedge groove 202 of the sliding gripper seat 201, driving all grippers to move synchronously along the linear guide groove 102 towards the center or outwards, thereby clamping or releasing the workpiece. The workpiece is released as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the workpiece is clamped in the following state: Figure 5 As shown. This application uses a pneumatically driven chuck with linear translational clamping of the grippers to achieve fast, high-precision, and scratch-free workpiece clamping.

Claims

1. A pneumatic translational clamping chuck, characterized in that: Two or more sets of linear guide grooves (102) are symmetrically arranged on the front end face of the substrate (1) along the radial direction of the substrate. Two or more sets of piston through holes (103) are symmetrically arranged on the rear end face of the substrate (1). A sliding gripper seat (201) is installed in the linear guide groove (102). A gripper (204) is installed on the sliding gripper seat (201). A driven wedge groove (202) is opened at the bottom of the sliding gripper seat (201). A double-acting cylinder (301) is fixedly installed on the back of the substrate (1). A secondary piston rod (303) is radially distributed on the cylinder piston (302). The secondary piston rod (303) is located in the piston through hole (103). A wedge-shaped transmission block (304) is provided at the front end of the secondary piston rod (303). The wedge-shaped transmission block (304) is installed in conjunction with the driven wedge groove (202) at the bottom of the sliding gripper seat (201).

2. The pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear guide rail is installed inside the linear guide groove (102), and a slidable gripper seat (201) is slidably installed on the linear guide rail.

3. The pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-acting cylinder (301) has a first air inlet / outlet port (305) at its rear end or a second air inlet / outlet port (306) on its side. A valve ring (307) is installed on the outside of the second air inlet / outlet port (306) of the double-acting cylinder (301), and a third air inlet / outlet port (308) is provided on the side of the valve ring (307).

4. The pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece end face positioning block (101) is provided at the center of the upper end face of the substrate (1).

5. A pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil injection nozzle (203) is provided on the outer side of the sliding gripper seat (201).

6. The pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (104) is installed between the inner side of the base (1) and the secondary piston rod (303).

7. A pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gripping surface of the gripper (204) is covered with an anti-slip and wear-resistant layer.

8. A pneumatic translational clamping chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary piston rod (303) has a frustum-shaped structure with a cone angle of 45°.

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