A photovoltaic module

Abstract

This invention discloses a photovoltaic module comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, and photovoltaic cells. The first and second substrates are disposed opposite each other, and the photovoltaic cells are positioned between the first and second substrates. The photovoltaic cells are bonded to the first substrate via an upper encapsulating film and to the second substrate via a lower encapsulating film. The module also includes an insulating component that covers at least a first side of the photovoltaic cell or busbar in one of its thickness directions, thereby extending the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell or busbar. This invention increases the creepage distance by adding an insulating component, thus enhancing the safety of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of green energy utilization, specifically to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic (PV) module typically consists of, from top to bottom, a first substrate, an upper encapsulating film, PV cells, a lower encapsulating film, and a second substrate. Existing PV modules are prone to leakage paths, which begin at the edge of the cells, run along the lower surface of the first / second substrate, and end at the edge of the first / second substrate. This leakage path is also known as creepage distance. Creepage distance is a critical parameter for ensuring the long-term reliable operation of PV modules. Insufficient creepage distance can lead to surface leakage current, partial discharge, or even insulation failure in high humidity, polluted, or salt spray environments, resulting in performance degradation or safety incidents. Current PV modules cannot meet the creepage distance requirements in some extreme environments and urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes a photovoltaic module, comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, and a photovoltaic cell. The first substrate and the second substrate are disposed opposite to each other, and the photovoltaic cell is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The photovoltaic cell is bonded and fixed to the first substrate by an upper encapsulating film, and the photovoltaic cell is bonded and fixed to the second substrate by a lower encapsulating film. The module also includes an insulating component, which covers at least a first side of the photovoltaic cell or busbar in one of its thickness directions so that the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell.

[0004] Furthermore, the insulating component has a U-shaped cross-section, and the insulating component forms an edge around the busbar and / or photovoltaic cell along the first side to increase the length of the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module perpendicular to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell.

[0005] Furthermore, the insulating component is composed of an insulating layer and an adhesive layer, with the adhesive layer adhering the insulating layer to the photovoltaic cell.

[0006] Furthermore, the material of the insulating layer is selected from at least one of polyolefins and their copolymers, polyurethanes, polyimides, polyetherimides, and fluorinated polymers.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.1-1 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the material of the adhesive layer is selected from at least one of acrylic, polyurethane, epoxy resin, EVA, POE, and PES.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 10-100 μm.

[0010] Furthermore, the light transmittance of the insulating component is ≥70%.

[0011] Furthermore, the width of the insulating component is 5-300mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the bonding strength between the insulating components and the photovoltaic module encapsulation film meets the requirements for long-term weather resistance.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: increasing the length of the creepage distance by increasing the insulating component can increase the safety of the photovoltaic module; at the same time, placing the insulating component inside the first substrate and the second substrate can prevent the insulating component from falling off or being damaged, and can effectively ensure the stability of the increased creepage distance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] This utility model proposes a photovoltaic module comprising a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2, and a photovoltaic cell 3. The first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are disposed opposite each other, and the photovoltaic cell 3 is disposed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. The photovoltaic cell 3 is bonded and fixed to the first substrate 1 by an upper encapsulating film 4, and to the second substrate 2 by a lower encapsulating film 5. The module also includes an insulating component 6, which covers at least one first side of the photovoltaic cell 3 or the busbar 31 in one of its thickness directions, thereby extending the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 3. When the insulating component 6 covers the first side of the photovoltaic cell 3 or the busbar 31, the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 3 by a certain distance, forming a zigzag line, thereby increasing the creepage distance. At the same time, it can prevent the busbar 31 from becoming a weak point of leakage, ensure the consistency of the overall component insulation performance, and reduce the risk of partial discharge caused by the exposure of the busbar 31; the insulating component 6 is sandwiched between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and is fixed by the encapsulating film and laminated to form the component. The lamination process ensures that the insulating component and the encapsulating film (such as EVA / POE) are tightly bonded, avoids interface delamination, and improves long-term weather resistance.

[0016] Reference Figure 1Furthermore, the insulating component 6 has a U-shaped cross-section, and the insulating component 6 forms a rim around the busbar 31 and / or photovoltaic cell 3 along the first side. Compared with the prior art without the insulating component 6 (whose creepage distance can be referred to by the dotted line b), this utility model adds a first creepage distance a1 perpendicular to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 3 and a second creepage distance a2 perpendicular to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell 3 to the photovoltaic module, thereby greatly increasing the length of the creepage distance. At the same time, the insulating component 6 is built into the internal space formed by the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 to form protection, which can prevent damage and form good protection for the insulating component 6. In addition, in actual use, being inside, it absorbs less heat, reduces the aging rate, and can improve the service life.

[0017] Furthermore, the insulating component 6 is composed of an insulating layer 62 and an adhesive layer 61, with the adhesive layer 61 adhering the insulating layer 62 to the photovoltaic cell 3. The insulating layer 210 has a breakdown voltage ≥20kV / mm and a relative tracking index ≥175V. This high breakdown voltage and tracking resistance ensure stable insulation performance of the module under high voltage, high humidity, or polluted environments. Additionally, the insulating layer 210 has an RTI (relative temperature index) ≥90℃, allowing it to withstand high-temperature operating environments for photovoltaic modules (e.g., module temperatures in desert regions can reach above 85℃), preventing insulation failure due to thermal aging. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 61 must meet basic aging performance requirements (e.g., damp heat and UV aging) to prevent debonding due to environmental aging, maintaining long-term bonding stability between the insulating component 6 and the photovoltaic cell 3 / busbar 31. When the insulating component 6 has a thickness of 1mm and an application width of 4mm, the ineffective area decreases from 10.4mm to 5.4mm, improving photoelectric efficiency by 3%-5%. This can improve component power output and economic efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the material of the insulating layer 62 is selected from at least one of polyolefins and their copolymers, polyurethanes, polyimides, polyetherimides, and fluorinated polymers.

[0019] Furthermore, the insulation layer 62 has a thickness of 0.1-1mm. While ensuring insulation performance, the material usage can be reduced through thin-layer design, thereby lowering the manufacturing cost of the insulation component.

[0020] Furthermore, the material of the adhesive layer 61 is selected from at least one of acrylic acid, polyurethane, epoxy resin, EVA, POE, and PES.

[0021] Furthermore, the thickness of the adhesive layer 61 is 10-100 μm.

[0022] Furthermore, the light transmittance of the insulating component 6 is ≥70%, which can reduce the shading of incident light and prevent the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic module from decreasing due to the addition of the insulating component 6, thus maintaining high conversion efficiency.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the insulating component 6 is 5-300mm, which can cover the edges of battery cells or busbars of different sizes, thereby being compatible with various module design requirements (such as half-cell cells and shingled modules) and improving the universality of the technical solution.

[0024] Furthermore, the bonding strength between the insulating component 6 and the photovoltaic module encapsulation film meets the requirements for long-term weather resistance. Paragraph

[022] of the specification states: "The insulation layer thickness is 0.1-1mm, and the adhesive layer thickness is 10-100μm."

[0025] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module comprising a first substrate (1), a second substrate (2), and a photovoltaic cell (3), wherein the first substrate (1) and the second substrate (2) are disposed opposite to each other, the photovoltaic cell (3) is disposed between the first substrate (1) and the second substrate (2), the photovoltaic cell (3) is bonded and fixed to the first substrate (1) by an upper encapsulation film (4), and the photovoltaic cell (3) is bonded and fixed to the second substrate (2) by a lower encapsulation film (5), characterized in that, Also includes: An insulating component (6) covers at least one side of the photovoltaic cell (3) or busbar (31) in one thickness direction so that the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module extends along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell (3).

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating component (6) has a U-shaped cross-section, and the insulating component (6) forms a rim along the first side to the busbar (31) and / or the photovoltaic cell (3) to increase the length of the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module perpendicular to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic cell (3).

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating component (6) is composed of an insulating layer (62) and an adhesive layer (61), with the adhesive layer (61) adhering the insulating layer (62) to the photovoltaic cell (3).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating layer (62) is 0.1-1mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the adhesive layer (61) is 10-100 μm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the insulating component (6) is ≥70%.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the insulating component (6) is 5-300mm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bonding strength between the insulating component (6) and the photovoltaic module encapsulation film meets the requirements for long-term weather resistance.

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