Minimally invasive osteotomy device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FIRST AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF XINJIANG MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
Smart Images
Figure CN224403718U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surgical instrument technology and is a minimally invasive osteotomy device. Background Technology
[0002] In orthopedic surgery, over 75% of procedures require osteotomy. Commonly used equipment includes high-energy osteotomy devices such as electric vibratory saws. However, these devices require large surgical incisions and frequently cause soft tissue damage due to overshoot. To avoid this, a baffle is usually used to protect surrounding tissues, but this requires further enlarging the surgical incision. Even with a baffle, only adjacent tissues are protected, not the tissue on the osteotomy surface.
[0003] Wire saws are commonly used in low-energy osteotomies. First invented by Leonardo Gigli in 1894, a wire saw consists of two serrated steel wires wound together, with a diameter of 0.65 mm. Initially used in obstetrics for lateral pubic septum in childbirth, it later gained favor in neurosurgery. No other instrument is gentler on the dura mater because the wire saw can be used close to the inner side of the skull, and by increasing the angle between the skull and the wire saw, an oblique osteotomy can be achieved, reducing the incidence of postoperative osteoporosis. Subsequently, wire saws were widely used in thoracic surgery, orthopedics, and maxillofacial surgery. However, some practitioners point out that the wire saw remains a simple but imprecise surgical tool.
[0004] In 2010, Falk pointed out that the heat generated by high-energy orthopedic tools can irreversibly damage or kill bone cells, a process known as osteonecrosis. In 1989, Larson's literature recorded the temperature of the tibia and saw blade during knee replacement surgery. The highest temperature of the saw blade was 68°C, while the corresponding bone temperatures 2 and 3 mm below the tibial cutting surface were 47°C and 42°C, respectively. It is now generally believed that bone exposure to temperatures greater than 47°C for 60 seconds or even longer will increase the risk of osteonecrosis.
[0005] Regarding the applicability of wire saws, in 2004, Levent performed two different tibial lengthening procedures, choosing low-energy osteotomies (drilling osteotomy and wire saw osteotomy) and found that the healing index was higher in the wire saw osteotomy group. In 2002, Cengiz reported good results (very few complications) in percutaneous proximal tibial osteotomy in cadavers using wire saws by inexperienced residents. In 2020, Nallamilli pointed out that using wire saws for olecranon osteotomy of the ulna can avoid joint damage and can perform "V"-shaped osteotomies. In 2022, Keyu Kong suggested that wire saws can be used as an alternative tool in hip replacement surgery when oscillating saws are not used effectively, with the same efficacy. In 2021, Robert reported that wire saws facilitate safe minimal access for infants, and in 2013, Zoccali reported extensive resection of pelvic tumors using drilling combined with wire saws.
[0006] Wire saw osteotomy is a commonly used osteotomy method in orthopedic surgery. It is primarily used for cutting deep bone; for example, in pelvic osteotomy, a wire saw is often used to cut the hip bone. A wire saw is a steel wire saw with helicaled serrations, suitable for cutting deep bone. The biggest challenge in wire saw osteotomy in orthopedic surgery is how to pass the wire saw behind the ischium. Because the ischium is surrounded by well-developed gluteal muscles, the wire saw head becomes deeply embedded between the muscles and bone after passing behind the ischium, making it difficult to locate the wire saw head during surgery. Therefore, achieving a successful wire saw osteotomy is quite challenging. Summary of the Invention
[0007] This invention provides a minimally invasive osteotomy device that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and effectively solves the problem that existing osteotomy instruments cannot meet the requirements of different osteotomy angles.
[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is achieved through the following measures: a minimally invasive osteotomy device, including a wire saw, a first traction component and a second traction component. The right end of the wire saw is provided with the first traction component, and the second end of the wire saw is provided with a second traction component with the same structure as the first traction component. The first traction component includes a housing, a rotating body and a rotating frame fixedly installed in the housing. The rotating body is rotatably installed in the rotating frame. The rotating body is provided with a clamping channel for installing the wire saw. The rotating body can swing left and right and back and forth relative to the rotating frame. The upper and lower sides of the housing are provided with through holes corresponding to the clamping channel.
[0009] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned utility model technical solution:
[0010] The aforementioned rotating frame may include a front ear plate and a rear ear plate fixedly installed at intervals on the inner side of the lower part of the housing. The rotating body includes a front counterweight wheel, a rear counterweight wheel, a front bevel gear, a rear bevel gear, a left bevel gear, and a right bevel gear. A front rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the front ear plate, and a front counterweight wheel is fixedly mounted on the front end of the front rotating shaft. A front bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer rear part of the front rotating shaft. A rear rotating shaft corresponding to the front rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the rear ear plate, and a rear bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer front part of the rear rotating shaft. A rear counterweight wheel is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the rear rotating shaft. A left front fixed plate and a right front fixed plate are evenly distributed around the rear end of the front counterweight wheel. A left bevel gear is provided on the right side of the rear part of the left front fixed plate. The left bevel gear meshes with the front bevel gear and the rear bevel gear. A left connecting rod with its right end passing through the right end of the left bevel gear is screwed to the rear part of the left front fixed plate. The outer right end of the left connecting rod, corresponding to the right position of the left bevel gear, is fixed to the left side. A left clamping block is fixedly installed, and the right end of the left clamping block has a vertically penetrating left clamping groove. A left rear fixing plate is provided on the outside of the left connecting rod, corresponding to the position between the right side of the left front fixing plate and the left side of the left bevel gear. The rear part of the left rear fixing plate is rotatably mounted together with the rear rotating shaft. A right bevel gear is provided on the left side of the rear part of the right front fixing plate. The right bevel gear meshes with the front bevel gear and the rear bevel gear. A right connecting rod with its left end passing through the left end of the right bevel gear is screwed to the rear part of the right front fixing plate. A right clamping block is fixedly installed on the outside of the left end of the right connecting rod, corresponding to the position to the left of the right bevel gear. The right end of the right clamping block has a vertically penetrating right clamping groove. When the left clamping groove and the right clamping groove are close to each other, they can form a clamping channel for installing a wire saw. A right rear fixing plate is provided on the outside of the right connecting rod, corresponding to the position between the left side of the right front fixing plate and the right side of the right bevel gear. The rear part of the right rear fixing plate is rotatably mounted together with the rear rotating shaft.
[0011] A driven bevel gear can be fitted onto the outer side of the rear rotating shaft at the position corresponding to the rear bevel gear and the rear counterweight wheel. The rear side of the left rear fixed plate and the rear side of the right rear fixed plate are fixedly installed together with the front end of the driven bevel gear at the corresponding positions. A right bracket is detachably fixedly installed on the inner side of the right part of the housing. A right rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the upper part of the right bracket. A driving bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the right rotating shaft. The driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear mesh with each other. A geared motor is fixedly installed on the inner side of the right part of the housing. The output shaft of the geared motor is connected to the right end of the right rotating shaft.
[0012] The aforementioned housing can be equipped with a control module. The front of the housing has a through-hole observation hole, in which a display is fixedly installed. The wire saw is equipped with a temperature probe, which is connected to the control module. The control module is connected to the display and the geared motor.
[0013] The aforementioned first traction assembly may further include a guide assembly, which includes a fixed rod, a rotating frame, a fixed housing, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, and a guide rod. A fixed rod is fixedly installed on the lower front side of the rear ear plate corresponding to the rear bevel gear. A rotating frame is rotatably installed on the outer front side of the fixed rod. A fixed housing is fixedly installed on the front side of the rotating frame. A circular mounting ring is provided inside the fixed housing corresponding to the perforation position. The first connecting shaft is fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the mounting ring. The end of the first connecting shaft is rotatably installed together with the corresponding position of the fixed housing. A long strip-shaped swing groove with an inward opening is provided at the rear of the fixed housing. A second connecting shaft with its rear end located in the swing groove is fixedly installed on the rear side of the mounting ring. A hollow guide rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed housing. The right end of the wire saw passes through the connecting ring, the clamping channel, and the perforation in sequence from the lower end of the guide rod and is located above the housing.
[0014] The lower end of the aforementioned guide rod can be fixedly installed with a J-shaped guide head, which has a guide channel for threading a wire saw through it.
[0015] The outer diameter of the aforementioned guide head can gradually decrease from top to bottom.
[0016] This utility model has a reasonable and compact structure. During osteotomy, an incision is made at the part of the bone that needs to be cut. The middle part of the wire saw is wrapped around the bottom of the bone and contacts the position on the bone surface that needs to be cut. The rotating body is provided with a clamping channel for installing the wire saw. The rotating body can swing left and right and back and forth relative to the rotating frame. In this way, the wire saw can be inserted according to the osteotomy requirements and the osteotomy operation can be carried out at a suitable angle. After the wire saw is installed, the doctor's left and right hands respectively grasp the first traction component and the second traction component, and pull the first traction component and the second traction component alternately at a suitable position and angle. After the wire saw rubs against the bone surface, the target position of the bone can be cut.
[0017] During the alternating pulling of the first traction component, the wrist can rotate back and forth and left and right. On the one hand, this can control the angle and contact area between the wire saw and the bone, avoiding damage to the tissue on the outside of the bone. On the other hand, it allows the angle between the housing and the wire saw to change. During the rotation of the housing, the position of the wire saw will not change under the action of the rotating body and the rotating frame. This can reduce wrist fatigue and shorten the operation time. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the present utility model is in use according to Embodiment 1.
[0019] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention when a wire saw is inserted.
[0020] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the first traction component in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0021] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left cross-sectional structure of the rotating body in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0022] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the rotating body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0023] Appendix Figure 6 This is a top cross-sectional view of the rotating body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0024] Appendix Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the rotating body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0025] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the left cross-sectional structure of the rotating body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0026] Appendix Figure 9 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the rotating body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0027] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the right cross-sectional structure of the rotating body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0028] Appendix Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the rear ear plate in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0029] Appendix Figure 12 This is a top view of the rotating frame in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0030] Appendix Figure 13 For the appendix Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.
[0031] Appendix Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of Embodiment 4 of this utility model.
[0032] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 for wire saw, 2 for second traction assembly, 3 for housing, 4 for perforation, 5 for front ear plate, 6 for rear ear plate, 7 for front counterweight wheel, 8 for rear counterweight wheel, 9 for front bevel gear, 10 for rear bevel gear, 11 for left bevel gear, 12 for right bevel gear, 13 for front rotating shaft, 14 for rear rotating shaft, 15 for left front fixed plate, 16 for left connecting rod, 17 for left clamping block, 18 for left clamping groove, and 19 for right front fixed plate. 20 is the left rear fixing plate, 21 is the right rear fixing plate, 22 is the right connecting rod, 23 is the right clamping block, 24 is the right clamping groove, 25 is the right bracket, 26 is the driven bevel gear, 27 is the driving bevel gear, 28 is the right rotating shaft, 29 is the geared motor, 30 is the fixing rod, 31 is the rotating frame, 32 is the fixing shell, 33 is the first connecting shaft, 34 is the second connecting shaft, 35 is the guide rod, 36 is the mounting ring, 37 is the swing groove, and 38 is the guide head. Detailed Implementation
[0033] This utility model is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation method can be determined according to the technical solution of this utility model and the actual situation.
[0034] In this utility model, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 1 The orientation of the layout is determined by the direction of the map.
[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:
[0036] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 13, the minimally invasive osteotomy device includes a wire saw 1, a first traction assembly, and a second traction assembly 2. The right end of the wire saw 1 is provided with the first traction assembly, and the second end of the wire saw 1 is provided with the second traction assembly 2, which has the same structure as the first traction assembly. The first traction assembly includes a housing 3, a rotating body, and a rotating frame 31 fixedly installed in the housing 3. The rotating body is rotatably installed in the rotating frame 31. The rotating body is provided with a clamping channel for mounting the wire saw 1. The rotating body can swing left and right and back and forth relative to the rotating frame 31. The upper and lower sides of the housing 3 are provided with perforations 4 corresponding to the clamping channel.
[0037] According to the requirements, the wire saw 1 is a known technology. The housing 3 is used for easy gripping when alternately pulling the first traction component and the second traction component 2. The diameter of the perforation 4 is larger than the diameter of the wire saw 1. During osteotomy, an incision is made at the part of the bone to be cut. The middle part of the wire saw 1 is wrapped around the bottom of the bone and contacts the position on the bone surface to be cut. The rotating body is provided with a clamping channel for installing the wire saw 1. The rotating body can swing left and right and back and forth relative to the rotating frame 31. In this way, the wire saw 1 can be inserted according to the osteotomy requirements and the osteotomy operation can be performed at a suitable angle. After the wire saw 1 is installed, the doctor's left and right hands respectively grasp the first traction component and the second traction component 2, and alternately pull the first traction component and the second traction component 2 at a suitable position and angle. After the wire saw 1 rubs against the bone surface, the target position of the bone can be cut.
[0038] During the alternating pulling of the first traction component, the wrist can rotate back and forth and left and right. On the one hand, it can control the angle and contact area between the wire saw 1 and the bone, avoiding damage to the tissue on the outside of the bone by the wire saw 1. On the other hand, it can make the angle between the housing 3 and the wire saw 1 change. During the rotation of the housing 3, the position of the wire saw 1 will not change under the action of the rotating body and the rotating frame 31. This can reduce wrist fatigue and shorten the operation time.
[0039] The aforementioned minimally invasive osteotomy device can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:
[0040] Example 2: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figures 1 to 13As shown, the rotating frame 31 includes a front ear plate 5 and a rear ear plate 6 fixedly installed at a distance from each other on the lower inner side of the housing 3. The rotating body includes a front counterweight wheel 7, a rear counterweight wheel 8, a front bevel gear 9, a rear bevel gear 10, a left bevel gear 11, and a right bevel gear 12. A front rotating shaft 13 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the front ear plate 5. The front counterweight wheel 7 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the front rotating shaft 13. The front bevel gear 9 is fixedly mounted on the outer rear part of the front rotating shaft 13. A rear rotating shaft 14 corresponding to the front rotating shaft 13 is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the rear ear plate 6. A rear bevel gear 10 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the front part of the rear rotating shaft 14. A rear counterweight wheel 8 is fixedly installed on the rear end of the rear rotating shaft 14. A left front fixing plate 15 and a right front fixing plate 19 are evenly distributed around the rear end of the front counterweight wheel 7. A left bevel gear 11 is provided on the right side of the rear part of the left front fixing plate 15. The left bevel gear 11 meshes with the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10. A left connecting rod 16 with its right end passing through the right end of the left bevel gear 11 is screwed to the rear part of the left front fixing plate 15. The outer side of the right end of the left connecting rod 16, which is located to the right of the left bevel gear 11, is fixed. A left clamping block 17 is installed, and a left clamping groove 18 that runs vertically through the right end of the left clamping block 17 is provided. A left rear fixing plate 20 is provided on the outside of the left connecting rod 16, which is located between the right side of the left front fixing plate 15 and the left side of the left bevel gear 11. The rear part of the left rear fixing plate 20 is rotatably mounted together with the rear rotating shaft 14. A right bevel gear 12 is provided on the left side of the rear part of the right front fixing plate 19. The right bevel gear 12 meshes with the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10. The left end of the right bevel gear 12 is screwed to the rear part of the right front fixing plate 19. The right connecting rod 22, corresponding to the position to the left of the right bevel gear 12, has a right clamping block 23 fixedly installed on the outer side of the left end of the right connecting rod 22. The right end of the right clamping block 23 is provided with a right clamping groove 24 that runs vertically through it. When the left clamping groove 18 and the right clamping groove 24 are close to each other, they can form a clamping channel for installing the wire saw 1. The right connecting rod 22, corresponding to the position between the left side of the right front fixing plate 19 and the right side of the right bevel gear 12, is provided with a right rear fixing plate 21. The rear part of the right rear fixing plate 21 is rotatably installed together with the rear rotating shaft 14.
[0041] According to the requirements, the left bevel gear 11 meshes with the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10, that is, the front part of the left bevel gear 11 meshes with the left part of the front bevel gear 9, and the rear part of the left bevel gear 11 meshes with the left part of the rear bevel gear 10. The right bevel gear 12 meshes with the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10, that is, the front part of the right bevel gear 12 meshes with the right part of the front bevel gear 9, and the rear part of the right bevel gear 12 meshes with the right part of the rear bevel gear 10. The left front fixing plate 15 and the right front fixing plate 19 can both be arc-shaped with an inward opening, or they can be vertically arranged plate structures. During use, the right end of the wire saw 1 passes through the lower perforation 4 of the housing 3, the clamping channel between the left clamping block 17 and the right clamping block 23, and the upper perforation 4 of the housing 3 from bottom to top, and is located above the housing 3. By rotating the left connecting rod 16 and the right connecting rod 22, the left clamping block 17 and the right clamping block 23 are brought closer to each other, and the left clamping groove 18 and the right clamping groove 24 form a clamping channel to clamp the outer right side of the wire saw 1, thereby fixing the right end of the wire saw 1. Similarly, the second traction component 2 fixes the left end of the wire saw 1. The front counterweight wheel 7 and the rear counterweight wheel 8 can increase the resistance of the front rotating shaft 13 and the rear rotating shaft 14.
[0042] During osteotomy, an incision is made at the part of the bone that needs to be cut. The middle part of the wire saw 1 is wrapped around the bottom of the bone and makes contact with the bone surface at the position to be cut. Then, the doctor's left and right hands respectively grasp the first traction component and the second traction component 2 and pull the first traction component and the second traction component 2 alternately. After the wire saw 1 rubs against the bone surface, the target position of the bone can be cut.
[0043] During the alternating pulling of the first traction component, the wrist can rotate back and forth and left and right. On the one hand, it can control the angle and contact area between the wire saw 1 and the bone, avoiding damage to the tissue on the outside of the bone by the wire saw 1. On the other hand, it can make the angle between the housing 3 and the wire saw 1 change. During the rotation of the housing 3, the position of the wire saw 1 will not change under the action of the rotating body and the rotating frame 31.
[0044] When the doctor's wrist swings to the left, the upper part of the housing 3 rotates to the left. The housing 3 drives the front ear plate 5 and the rear ear plate 6 to rotate around the front rotation axis 13 and the rear rotation axis 14 respectively. Under the action of the front counterweight wheel 7 and the rear counterweight wheel 8, the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10 will not rotate. Therefore, the positions of the left bevel gear 11 and the right bevel gear 12 do not change, and the position of the wire saw 1 does not change. Similarly, when the doctor's wrist swings to the right, the upper part of the housing 3 rotates to the right, and the position of the wire saw 1 does not change.
[0045] When the doctor's wrist swings forward, the upper part of the housing 3 rotates forward. The housing 3 drives the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10 to rotate via the front ear plate 5 and the rear ear plate 6, respectively. A left connecting rod 16, with its right end passing through the right end of the left bevel gear 11, is screwed to the rear of the left front fixing plate 15. That is, the left connecting rod 16 can rotate relative to the left bevel gear 11. A right connecting rod 22, with its left end passing through the left end of the right bevel gear 12, is screwed to the rear of the right front fixing plate 19. That is, the right connecting rod 22 can rotate relative to the right bevel gear 12. The left bevel gear 11 and the front bevel gear... Wheel 9 and rear bevel gear 10 mesh with each other, and right bevel gear 12 also meshes with front bevel gear 9 and rear bevel gear 10. In this way, housing 3 can drive front bevel gear 9 and rear bevel gear 10 to rotate along left bevel gear 11 and right bevel gear 12 through front ear plate 5 and rear ear plate 6 respectively, while the positions of left clamping block 17 and right clamping block 23 remain unchanged and remain in a vertical state. This ensures that the position of wire saw 1 does not change. Similarly, when the doctor's wrist swings backward, the upper part of housing 3 rotates backward, and the position of wire saw 1 does not change.
[0046] During the osteotomy, when the doctor alternately pulls the first traction component and the second traction component 2 with both hands, the positions of the left clamping block 17 and the right clamping block 23 will not change, so that the positions of both ends of the wire saw 1 will not change. This ensures that the osteotomy is performed along the predetermined route and also avoids hand fatigue caused by the doctor's hands always operating in the same posture. It allows the doctor to make small wrist movements during the osteotomy operation, reducing fatigue.
[0047] Example 3: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figures 3 to 13 As shown, a driven bevel gear 26 is fitted on the outer side of the rear rotating shaft 14, which corresponds to the position between the rear bevel gear 10 and the rear counterweight wheel 8. The rear side of the left rear fixing plate 20 and the rear side of the right rear fixing plate 21 are fixedly installed together with the front end of the driven bevel gear 26 at the corresponding positions. A right bracket 25 is detachably fixedly installed on the inner right side of the housing 3. A right rotating shaft 28 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the right bracket 25. A driving bevel gear 27 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the right rotating shaft 28. The driving bevel gear 27 and the driven bevel gear 26 mesh with each other. A reduction motor 29 is fixedly installed on the inner right side of the housing 3. The output shaft of the reduction motor 29 is connected to the right end of the right rotating shaft 28.
[0048] According to requirements, a retaining ring fitted onto the outer side of the rear bevel gear 10 is fixedly installed at the front end of the driven bevel gear 26. The rear sides of the left rear fixing plate 20 and the right rear fixing plate 21 are fixedly installed together with the corresponding positions of the front end of the retaining ring. The geared motor 29 is a known technology, such as a worm gear DC geared motor 29. The output shaft of the geared motor 29 and the right end of the right rotating shaft 28 can be connected together by a known coupling. The output shaft of the geared motor 29 and the right end of the right rotating shaft 28 can also be fixedly installed together. The right bracket 25 is an L-shaped plate, and the lower part of the right bracket 25 is fixedly installed together with the lower inner side of the housing 3. During use, by setting the geared motor 29, the rotation angles of the left bevel gear 11 and the right bevel gear 12 can be adjusted during osteotomy surgery, allowing the housing 3 to rotate flexibly at multiple angles according to the doctor's wrist movements.
[0049] Example 4: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 14 As shown, a control module is installed inside the housing 3. A through observation hole is provided on the front side of the housing 3, and a display is fixedly installed inside the observation hole. A temperature probe is provided inside the wire saw 1. The temperature probe is connected to the control module. The control module is connected to the display and the geared motor respectively.
[0050] Based on the requirements, the control module utilizes existing known technologies, such as the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller; the display utilizes existing known technologies, such as the LCD1602 display screen; and the temperature probe utilizes existing known technologies, such as the DS18B20 temperature sensor. The wire saw 1 is equipped with a temperature probe, which can be wound inside the wire saw 1 during assembly. A buzzer, also known as an audible and visual alarm, can be installed inside the housing 3. When the temperature exceeds or equals 47 degrees Celsius, the buzzer will sound an audible and visual alarm. During use, by setting up the temperature probe, the temperature between the wire saw 1 and the bone during osteotomy can be collected in real time, preventing bone necrosis that may occur when the temperature exceeds 47 degrees Celsius. This allows for adjustment of the osteotomy force based on the displayed temperature, providing stable force and angle during osteotomy and reducing the likelihood of the wire saw 1 jamming during osteotomy.
[0051] Example 5: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figures 5, 7, 8, 10 to 13, the first traction assembly also includes a guide assembly. The guide assembly includes a fixed rod 30, a rotating frame 31, a fixed housing 32, a first connecting shaft 33, a second connecting shaft 34, and a guide rod 35. A fixed rod 30 is fixedly installed on the lower front side of the rear ear plate 6 below the rear bevel gear 10. A rotating frame 31 is rotatably installed on the outer front side of the fixed rod 30. A fixed housing 32 is fixedly installed on the front side of the rotating frame 31. A circular mounting ring 3 is provided inside the fixed housing 32 corresponding to the position of the through hole 4. 6. The first connecting shaft 33 is fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the mounting ring 36. The end of the first connecting shaft 33 is rotatably installed together with the corresponding position of the fixed shell 32. The rear of the fixed shell 32 is provided with an inwardly opening elongated swing groove 37. The rear end of the mounting ring 36 is fixedly installed with a second connecting shaft 34 located in the swing groove 37. The lower end of the fixed shell 32 is fixedly installed with a hollow guide rod 35. The right end of the wire saw 1 passes through the connecting ring, clamping channel and through hole 4 from the lower end of the guide rod 35 and is located above the shell 3.
[0052] According to the requirements, the fixing rod 30 is a T-shaped rod structure that is thicker at the front and thinner at the back. A rotating frame 31 is rotatably installed on the outer front part of the fixing rod 30. The rear part of the rotating frame 31 is fitted onto the outer front end of the fixing rod 30. A pressure cap that contacts the stepped surface of the fixing rod 30 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the rotating frame 31, so that the relative rotation between the rotating frame 31 and the fixing rod 30 can be realized. The fixing shell 32 is spherical. The rear part of the fixing shell 32 is provided with a rear shaft hole for the first connecting shaft 33 to pass through. The left and right parts of the fixing shell 32 are provided with left shaft holes and right shaft holes for the second connecting shaft 34 to be fitted. The right end of the wire saw 1 passes through the lower outer part of the fixing shell 32, the connecting ring, the upper outer part of the fixing shell 32, the clamping channel between the left clamping block 17 and the right clamping block 23, and the through hole 4 on the upper side of the shell 3 from the lower end of the guide rod 35, and is located above the shell 3.
[0053] During use, this design facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the first traction component and the second traction component 2, allowing for repeated use, reducing operating costs, and making the disassembly, cleaning, and disinfection of the osteotomy device more convenient after surgery.
[0054] In use, first make a 1 to 2 cm incision in the skin at both ends of the planned osteotomy site, bluntly dissect the subcutaneous tissue, then insert the lower end of the guide rod 35 on the left side, through which the wire saw 1 is inserted, into the skin incision on the left side and into the lower surface of the bone. Then insert the lower end of the guide rod 35 on the right side, without the wire saw 1 inserted, into the lower surface of the bone through the skin incision on the right side and close to the guide rod 35 on the left side. Then rotate the guide rod 35 on the right side, wrap the end of the wire saw 1 around the lower end of the guide rod 35 and pull it out. In this way, the middle part of the wire saw 1 can be wrapped around the bone surface to be osteotomized. Then, the right end of the wire saw 1 is passed through the guide rod 35 and the clamping channel and positioned above the housing 3. The right part of the wire saw 1 is fixed in the right fixing groove. Similarly, the left part of the wire saw 1 is fixed in the second traction component 2. In this way, the wire saw 1 can be wrapped around the bone surface to be osteotomized through two small incisions, thereby reducing the patient's pain and facilitating postoperative recovery.
[0055] Then, the housing 3 and the housing of the second traction component 2 are pulled back and forth, causing the wire saw 1 to rub back and forth on the bone surface, thereby performing the osteotomy. Only the wire saw 1 at the probe part contacts the human tissue to complete the osteotomy. During the osteotomy, as the wire saw 1 continues to cut the bone, the probe will passively (with the traction of the wire saw 1) slide along the bone surface until the osteotomy is completed. The probe will dynamically feed back the temperature to the control module. During the osteotomy operation, the doctor needs to check the temperature of the wire saw 1 and the bone part in contact. When the display temperature is ≥47℃, the doctor will stop the osteotomy operation, or when the display temperature is ≥47℃, the control module will make the buzzer sound an alarm. After hearing the alarm, the doctor will stop the osteotomy operation and wait for the temperature to drop to the set temperature value before continuing the osteotomy until the osteotomy is completed. After the osteotomy is completed, the right end of the wire saw 1 will be released first, so that the first traction component and the right end of the wire saw 1 will separate from each other, and then the wire saw 1 will be pulled out through the second traction component 2.
[0056] When both ends of the wire saw 1 are vertically upward, if the doctor's wrist swings to the left, the upper part of the housing 3 rotates to the left. The housing 3 drives the front ear plate 5 and the rear ear plate 6 to rotate around the front rotation axis 13 and the rear rotation axis 14 respectively. Under the action of the front counterweight wheel 7 and the rear counterweight wheel 8, the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10 will not rotate. Therefore, the positions of the left bevel gear 11 and the right bevel gear 12 do not change. At the same time, the rear ear plate 6 drives the rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod rotates relative to the rotating frame 31. The rotating frame 31 remains unchanged under the gravity of the fixed housing 32, so that the position of the wire saw 1 does not change. Similarly, when the doctor's wrist swings to the right, the upper part of the housing 3 rotates to the right, and the position of the wire saw 1 does not change.
[0057] If the doctor swings their wrist forward, the upper part of the housing 3 rotates forward. The housing 3 drives the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10 to rotate via the front ear plate 5 and the rear ear plate 6, respectively. A left connecting rod 16, with its right end passing through the right end of the left bevel gear 11, is screwed to the rear of the left front fixing plate 15. That is, the left connecting rod 16 can rotate relative to the left bevel gear 11. A right connecting rod 22, with its left end passing through the left end of the right bevel gear 12, is screwed to the rear of the right front fixing plate 19. That is, the right connecting rod 22 can rotate relative to the right bevel gear 12. The left bevel gear 11 meshes with the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10, and the right bevel gear 12 also meshes with the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10. In this way, the housing 3 can rotate via the front ear plate. 5 and the rear ear plate 6 respectively drive the front bevel gear 9 and the rear bevel gear 10 to rotate along the left bevel gear 11 and the right bevel gear 12, while the left clamping block 17 and the right clamping block 23 remain in the same position and are still in a vertical state. This ensures that the position of the wire saw 1 does not change. At the same time, the rear ear plate 6 drives the rotating rod and the rotating frame 31 to rotate. The rotating frame 31 drives the fixed shell 32 to rotate relative to the first connecting shaft 33. The second connecting shaft 34 swings in the swing groove 37. The first connecting shaft 33 remains stationary, so that the position of the connecting ring remains unchanged, thus ensuring that the position of the wire saw 1 does not change. Similarly, when the doctor's wrist swings backward, the upper part of the shell 3 rotates backward, and the position of the wire saw 1 does not change.
[0058] When both ends of the wire saw 1 are in an inclined position, the controller can cause the reduction motor 29 to drive the right rotating shaft 28 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven bevel gear 26 to rotate through the active bevel gear 27. When the driven bevel gear 26 rotates, it drives the left bevel gear 11 and the right bevel gear 12 to rotate through the left rear fixing plate 20, the right rear fixing plate 21, the left front fixing plate 15 and the right rear fixing plate 21, which causes the right part of the wire saw 1 to extend to the upper left or the upper right. Then, by rotating the housing 3 back and forth, the right part of the wire saw 1 can extend to the upper front or the upper back. The guide rod 35 can turn in four directions, which can meet the bone cutting requirements at multiple angles.
[0059] During the osteotomy, when the doctor alternately pulls the first traction component and the second traction component 2 with both hands, the positions of the left clamping block 17 and the right clamping block 23 will not change, so that the positions of both ends of the wire saw 1 will not change. This ensures that the osteotomy is performed along the predetermined route and also avoids hand fatigue caused by the doctor's hands always operating in the same posture. It allows the doctor to make small wrist movements during the osteotomy operation, reducing fatigue.
[0060] Example 6: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, a J-shaped guide head 38 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the guide rod 35, and the guide head 38 is provided with a guide channel for threading the wire saw 1 through.
[0061] During use, the guide channel and J-shaped guide head 38, along with the guide rod 35, facilitate the doctor's placement of the wire saw 1 on the path to be cut, helping the doctor to accurately cut the bone, reducing damage to surrounding tissues when inserting the wire saw 1, and reducing surgical risks. The J-shaped guide head 38 can also meet the needs of different types of osteotomy surgery. By adjusting the angle and position of the guide head 38, the wire saw 1 can pass through irregular parts of the bone, making it easier for the doctor to operate in a confined space, improving surgical efficiency, and reducing the risk of postoperative infection and bleeding through precise guidance and protection.
[0062] Example 7: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the outer diameter of the guide head 38 gradually decreases from top to bottom.
[0063] During use, the outer diameter of the guide head 38 gradually decreases from top to bottom, which makes it easier for the guide head 38 to quickly pass the wire saw 1 from behind the bone in a smaller wound, thereby reducing the difficulty of the operation of cutting bone with the wire saw 1.
[0064] In use, first make a 1 to 2 cm incision in the skin at both ends of the planned osteotomy site, bluntly dissect the subcutaneous tissue, then insert the guide head 38 of the guide rod 35 on the left side, which is inserted through the front skin incision, deep into the lower bone surface. Then, insert the guide head 38 of the guide rod 35 on the rear side, which is not inserted through the wire saw 1, into the lower bone surface through the rear skin incision, close to the guide head 38 on the front side. Then rotate the rear guide rod 35, wrap the end of the wire saw 1 around the guide head 38 and pull it out. In this way, the middle part of the wire saw 1 can be wrapped around the bone surface to be osteotomized. Then, the right end of the wire saw 1 is passed through the guide rod 35 and the right fixation groove and positioned above the housing 3. Fix the right part of the wire saw 1 in the right fixation groove. Similarly, fix the left part of the wire saw 1 in the left fixation groove. In this way, the wire saw 1 can be wrapped around the bone surface to be osteotomized using two small incisions. Especially when dealing with deep bone, the doctor can guide the wire saw more accurately, thereby reducing surgical risks and complications, and facilitating postoperative recovery.
[0065] The above technical features constitute various embodiments of this utility model, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.
Claims
1. A minimally invasive osteotomy device, characterized in that... The device includes a wire saw, a first traction assembly, and a second traction assembly. The first traction assembly is located at the right end of the wire saw, and the second traction assembly, which has the same structure as the first traction assembly, is located at the second end of the wire saw. The first traction assembly includes a housing, a rotating body, and a rotating frame fixedly installed inside the housing. The rotating body is rotatably installed inside the rotating frame. The rotating body is provided with a clamping channel for mounting the wire saw. The rotating body can swing left and right and back and forth relative to the rotating frame. The upper and lower sides of the housing are provided with through holes corresponding to the clamping channel.
2. The minimally invasive osteotomy device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rotating frame includes a front ear plate and a rear ear plate fixedly installed at intervals on the inner side of the lower part of the housing. The rotating body includes a front counterweight wheel, a rear counterweight wheel, a front bevel gear, a rear bevel gear, a left bevel gear, and a right bevel gear. A front rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the front ear plate, and a front counterweight wheel is fixedly mounted on the front end of the front rotating shaft. A front bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer rear part of the front rotating shaft. A rear rotating shaft corresponding to the front rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the rear ear plate, and a rear bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer front part of the rear rotating shaft. A rear counterweight wheel is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the rear rotating shaft. A left front fixed plate and a right front fixed plate are evenly distributed around the rear end of the front counterweight wheel. A left bevel gear is provided on the right side of the rear part of the left front fixed plate. The left bevel gear meshes with the front bevel gear and the rear bevel gear. A left connecting rod with its right end passing through the right end of the left bevel gear is screwed to the rear part of the left front fixed plate. The outer right end of the left connecting rod, corresponding to the right position of the left bevel gear, is fixedly mounted on the outer side. The device is equipped with a left clamping block, and the right end of the left clamping block has a vertically penetrating left clamping groove. A left rear fixing plate is provided on the outside of the left connecting rod, corresponding to the position between the right side of the left front fixing plate and the left side of the left bevel gear. The rear part of the left rear fixing plate is rotatably mounted together with the rear rotating shaft. A right bevel gear is provided on the left side of the rear part of the right front fixing plate. The right bevel gear meshes with the front bevel gear and the rear bevel gear. A right connecting rod with its left end passing through the left end of the right bevel gear is screwed to the rear part of the right front fixing plate. A right clamping block is fixedly installed on the outside of the left end of the right connecting rod, corresponding to the position to the left of the right bevel gear. The right end of the right clamping block has a vertically penetrating right clamping groove. When the left clamping groove and the right clamping groove are close to each other, they can form a clamping channel for installing a wire saw. A right rear fixing plate is provided on the outside of the right connecting rod, corresponding to the position between the left side of the right front fixing plate and the right side of the right bevel gear. The rear part of the right rear fixing plate is rotatably mounted together with the rear rotating shaft.
3. The minimally invasive osteotomy device according to claim 2, characterized in that... A driven bevel gear is fitted on the outer side of the rear rotating shaft corresponding to the position between the rear bevel gear and the rear counterweight wheel. The rear side of the left rear fixed plate and the rear side of the right rear fixed plate are fixedly installed together with the front end of the driven bevel gear at the corresponding positions. A right bracket is detachably fixedly installed on the inner side of the right part of the housing. A right rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the upper part of the right bracket. A driving bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the right rotating shaft. The driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear mesh with each other. A geared motor is fixedly installed on the inner side of the right part of the housing. The output shaft of the geared motor is connected to the right end of the right rotating shaft.
4. The minimally invasive osteotomy device according to claim 3, characterized in that... The housing contains a control module, and the front of the housing has a through-hole observation hole with a display fixedly installed inside. The wire saw contains a temperature probe, which is connected to the control module. The control module is connected to the display and the geared motor.
5. The minimally invasive osteotomy device according to claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that... The first traction assembly also includes a guide assembly, which includes a fixed rod, a rotating frame, a fixed housing, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, and a guide rod. A fixed rod is fixedly installed on the lower front side of the rear ear plate corresponding to the rear bevel gear. A rotating frame is rotatably installed on the outer front side of the fixed rod. A fixed housing is fixedly installed on the front side of the rotating frame. A circular mounting ring is provided in the fixed housing corresponding to the perforation position. The first connecting shaft is fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the mounting ring. The end of the first connecting shaft is rotatably installed together with the corresponding position of the fixed housing. A long strip-shaped swing groove with an inward opening is provided at the rear of the fixed housing. A second connecting shaft with its rear end located in the swing groove is fixedly installed on the rear side of the mounting ring. A hollow guide rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed housing. The right end of the wire saw passes through the connecting ring, the clamping channel, and the perforation in sequence from the lower end of the guide rod and is located above the housing.
6. The minimally invasive osteotomy device according to claim 5, characterized in that... A J-shaped guide head is fixedly installed at the lower end of the guide rod, and the guide head has a guide channel for threading the wire saw.
7. The minimally invasive osteotomy device according to claim 6, characterized in that... The outer diameter of the guide head gradually decreases from top to bottom.