A multi-directional drilling apparatus

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of multidirectional drilling equipment, provide a kind of multidirectional drilling equipment, including cylinder shell, pedestal, center pole, connecting rod mechanism, angle adjusting plate, straight line pushing mechanism, bottom plate and connecting plate;The utility model has integrated the function of rotary drilling and multidirectional orientation, can realize efficient rock breaking and accurate orientation in complex stratum, suitable for relatively hard stratum and the engineering scene needing frequent adjustment drilling direction, suitable for mining, oil extraction and a variety of scenes, can cope with the directional drilling demand of complex stratum, improve mining and oil extraction efficiency;And elastic closed structure is used to seal angle adjusting mechanism, effectively blocks the dust, rock debris, slurry and high-pressure oil and gas intrusion equipment inside generated in mining process, reduces equipment failure risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of multi-directional drilling equipment, and specifically relates to a multi-directional drilling device. Background Technology

[0002] Directional drilling technology is commonly used in mining, oilfield production, and other fields. It involves controlling the direction of the drill bit to reach a predetermined underground target. Directional drilling allows for the effective development of resources where surface and underground conditions are limited, significantly increasing production and reducing costs. It also helps protect the natural environment, resulting in substantial economic and social benefits.

[0003] However, current directional drilling equipment still faces many technical bottlenecks in practical applications, making it difficult to fully adapt to the needs of complex working conditions: First, the angle adjustment accuracy is insufficient. Existing equipment mostly uses a single linkage or hydraulic drive structure, which is prone to trajectory deviation due to transmission gaps and component deformation during angle adjustment, making it difficult to accurately control the drilling direction. This is especially true in heterogeneous rock formations, where deviations are likely to occur, affecting borehole quality and resource extraction efficiency. Second, it has poor adaptability to harsh environments. Dust, rock cuttings, mud, and high-pressure oil and gas during mining can easily penetrate the angle adjustment mechanism inside the equipment, leading to accelerated component wear and transmission jamming. Due to the lack of effective sealing protection for core transmission components, the intrusion of mine dust and oilfield mud not only accelerates component corrosion but also contaminates the lubricating medium, further increasing the risk of equipment failure. Although some equipment is equipped with a protective shell, the shell is too rigid and cannot adapt to the movement of components during angle adjustment, which can easily lead to interference between the protective structure and the moving parts, thus affecting drilling stability. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a multi-directional drilling device to address the issues in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A multi-directional drilling device includes a shell cylinder, a base, a central rod, a linkage mechanism, an angle adjustment plate, a linear push mechanism, a base plate, and a connecting plate;

[0006] The base is fixedly connected to the top of the outer shell of the cylinder, the top of the base is used to connect the drill rod, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell of the cylinder.

[0007] A first driving device is installed on the base. The output end of the first driving device is fixedly connected to the top of the center rod. The bottom of the center rod passes through the base plate and is connected to the connecting plate. The connecting plate is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate. The bottom of the connecting plate is used to fix and connect the drill bit.

[0008] The linear push mechanism is installed inside the outer shell of the cylinder. The output end of the linear push mechanism passes through the bottom plate and is connected to the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is connected to the angle adjustment plate.

[0009] The central rod is used to drive the connecting plate and the drill bit to rotate, and the linear push mechanism is used to extend and retract and adjust the angle of the angle adjustment plate and the drill bit through the linkage mechanism, so that the drill bit can realize the function of multi-directional drilling.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the connecting plate is provided with a protrusion, the angle adjustment plate has an annular structure, the protrusion passes through the hollow part of the angle adjustment plate, and the top of the protrusion is connected to the bottom of the center rod through a universal joint.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a first bearing housing, a connecting rod, and a second bearing housing;

[0012] The output end of the linear push mechanism is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat, the first bearing seat is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat. The second bearing seat is mounted on the angle adjustment plate. The connecting rod is inclined. The linear push mechanism is used to push the connecting rod to deflect, so as to realize the function of adjusting the angle of the angle adjustment plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the linear drive mechanism includes a second drive device, a fixed hollow tube, a main shaft, a sliding rod, and a side protrusion;

[0014] An intermediate plate is fixedly connected above the base plate and inside the outer shell of the cylinder. The mounting end of the second driving device is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate. The central rod passes through the intermediate plate. The output end of the second driving device is fixedly connected to the main shaft. The main shaft is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube. The top of the fixed hollow tube is fixedly connected to the end face of the second driving device. The bottom of the fixed hollow tube is fixedly connected to the base plate. The sliding rod is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube. The top of the sliding rod is threaded to the main shaft. The bottom of the sliding rod passes through the base plate and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat. The side protrusion is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod. A groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed hollow tube to accommodate the side protrusion, so as to constrain the rotation of the sliding rod.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple linear push mechanisms and linkage mechanisms are provided and evenly distributed around the central rod in the circumferential direction.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an elastic cylinder, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell, and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate; the interior of the elastic cylinder, the area above the angle adjustment plate, and the area below the bottom plate form a sealed chamber, and the linkage mechanism is disposed in the sealed chamber; the annular side of the elastic cylinder has a structure with the center concave inward.

[0017] Furthermore, the elastic cylinder includes an upper conical cylinder, an elastic metal rod, a lower conical cylinder, and an annular fixing sleeve;

[0018] The top of the upper cone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell of the cylinder, and the bottom of the lower cone is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate. The ends of the upper cone and the lower cone with the smaller inner and outer diameters are arranged opposite each other, and the annular fixing sleeve is sleeved and fixed at the opposite ends of the upper cone and the lower cone.

[0019] The upper cone and the lower cone are respectively provided with corresponding through holes in their walls, and the elastic metal rod is inserted into the through holes of the upper cone and the lower cone.

[0020] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention integrates rotary drilling and multi-directional guidance functions, enabling efficient rock breaking and precise guidance in complex formations. It is suitable for engineering scenarios involving hard formations and frequent adjustments to the drilling direction, and applicable to various scenarios such as mining and oilfield production. It can meet the directional drilling needs of complex formations and improve mining and oil production efficiency. Furthermore, it employs an elastic sealing structure to seal the angle adjustment mechanism, effectively preventing dust, rock cuttings, mud, and high-pressure oil and gas generated during the mining process from intruding into the equipment, thus reducing the risk of equipment failure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling process;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a linkage mechanism;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the elastic metal rods. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following will refer to the embodiments of this utility model. Figures 1-5The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0028] like Figure 1 A multi-directional drilling device includes a cylindrical shell 1, a base 3, a central rod 4, a linkage mechanism 5, an angle adjustment plate 6, a linear push mechanism 9, a base plate 12, and a connecting plate 13;

[0029] The top of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to the base 3, the top of the base 3 is used to connect the drill rod 2, and the bottom of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to the base plate 12.

[0030] The base 3 is equipped with a first driving device. The output end of the first driving device is fixedly connected to the top of the center rod 4. The bottom of the center rod 4 passes through the base plate 12 and is connected to the connecting plate 13. The connecting plate 13 is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate 6. The bottom of the connecting plate 13 is used to fix the drill bit 7.

[0031] The linear push mechanism 9 is installed inside the outer shell 1 of the cylindrical body. The output end of the linear push mechanism 9 passes through the bottom plate 12 and is connected to the linkage mechanism 5. The linkage mechanism 5 is connected to the angle adjustment plate 6.

[0032] The central rod 4 is used to drive the connecting plate 13 and the drill bit 7 to rotate. The linear push mechanism 9 is used to extend and retract and adjust the angle of the angle adjustment plate 6 and the drill bit 7 through the linkage mechanism 5, so that the drill bit 7 can realize the function of multi-directional drilling.

[0033] In this invention, both the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 7 are existing technologies. The drill bit 7 is a rock-breaking drilling drill bit, and the drill rod 2 is a directional drilling drill rod, which can bend during drilling to adapt to changes in the drilling direction. In specific implementation, the first drive device is activated, and its output end drives the central rod 4 to rotate. The central rod 4 drives the drill bit 7 to rotate through the connecting plate 13, providing rotational power for rock breaking. When adjusting the drilling direction, the linear push mechanism 9 is activated, and its output end extends and retracts axially. Through the linkage mechanism 5, it pushes the angle adjustment plate 6 to deflect. The angle adjustment plate 6 drives the connecting plate 13 and the drill bit 7 to change the drilling angle, thereby realizing the drilling guidance function.

[0034] This invention integrates the functions of rotary drilling and multi-directional guidance, enabling efficient rock breaking and precise guidance in complex formations. It is suitable for engineering scenarios with harder formations and those requiring frequent adjustments to the drilling direction. It is applicable to various scenarios such as mining and oilfield production, and can meet the directional drilling needs of complex formations, thereby improving mining and oil production efficiency.

[0035] like Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of actual construction. The drilling direction after the drill bit 7 deflects is shown by the dotted line below. During drilling, the top of the drill rod 2 is brought out of the ground to connect to the corresponding drilling equipment.

[0036] Furthermore, the top of the connecting plate 13 is provided with a protrusion, the angle adjustment plate 6 has an annular structure, the protrusion passes through the hollow part of the angle adjustment plate 6, and the top of the protrusion is connected to the bottom of the center rod 4 through a universal joint 11.

[0037] When adjusting the drilling angle, the angle adjustment plate 6 deflects around the universal joint 11 and drives the connecting plate 13 to deflect. The universal joint 11 rotates adaptively with the angle change, so that the rotational power of the center rod 4 is continuously transmitted to the connecting plate 13 and the drill bit 7.

[0038] like Figure 4 The linkage mechanism 5 includes a first bearing seat 501, a connecting rod 502, and a second bearing seat 503;

[0039] The output end of the linear push mechanism 9 is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat 501. The first bearing seat 501 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 502. The other end of the connecting rod 502 is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat 503. The second bearing seat 503 is mounted on the angle adjustment plate 6. The connecting rod 502 is inclined. The linear push mechanism 9 is used to push the connecting rod 502 to deflect, so as to realize the function of adjusting the angle of the angle adjustment plate 6.

[0040] According to the drilling direction requirements, the linear push mechanism 9 is activated, and its output end drives the first bearing seat 501 to move up and down along the axial direction; the first bearing seat 501 pushes the inclined connecting rod 502 to deflect, and the connecting rod 502 transmits the thrust to the angle adjustment plate 6 through the second bearing seat 503; under the thrust of the connecting rod 502, the angle adjustment plate 6 rotates around the universal joint 11. After the angle adjustment is completed, the linear push mechanism 9 maintains the current position, and the connecting rod mechanism 5 maintains the angle locked state.

[0041] like Figure 4 The linear push mechanism 9 includes a second drive device 901, a fixed hollow tube 902, a main shaft 903, a sliding rod 904, and a side protrusion 905;

[0042] An intermediate plate 10 is fixedly connected above the base plate 12 and inside the outer shell 1 of the cylindrical body. The mounting end of the second driving device 901 is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate 10. The central rod 4 passes through the intermediate plate 10. The output end of the second driving device 901 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 903. The main shaft 903 is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube 902. The top of the fixed hollow tube 902 is fixedly connected to the end face of the second driving device 901. The bottom of the fixed hollow tube 902 is fixedly connected to the base plate 12. A sliding rod 904 is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube 902. The top of the sliding rod 904 is threadedly connected to the main shaft 903. The bottom of the sliding rod 904 passes through the base plate 12 and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat 501. The side protrusion 905 is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod 904. A groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed hollow tube 902 to accommodate the side protrusion 905, so as to constrain the rotation of the sliding rod 904.

[0043] In specific implementation, the second drive device 901 is activated, and its output end drives the main shaft 903 to rotate within the fixed hollow tube 902. Since the sliding rod 904 is connected to the main shaft 903 via a trapezoidal thread, and the side protrusion 905 of the sliding rod 904 slides within the groove of the fixed hollow tube 902 and cannot rotate, the rotational motion of the main shaft 903 is converted into the axial up-and-down movement of the sliding rod 904. The bottom of the sliding rod 904 drives the first bearing seat 501 to move synchronously, providing angle adjustment power for the linkage mechanism 5. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the second drive device 901, the direction adjustment of the sliding rod 904 is achieved.

[0044] Furthermore, multiple linear push mechanisms 9 and linkage mechanisms 5 are provided and evenly distributed around the central rod 4 in the circumference.

[0045] Multiple linear drive mechanisms 9 can operate individually or in coordination. Through the combined action of different mechanisms, the drill bit 7 can be adjusted in multiple directions in three-dimensional space.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 It also includes an elastic cylinder 8, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 1, and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate 6; the interior of the elastic cylinder 8, the area above the angle adjustment plate 6, and the area below the bottom plate 12 form a sealed chamber, and the linkage mechanism 5 is disposed in the sealed chamber; the annular side of the elastic cylinder 8 has a structure with the center concave inward, i.e., a "V" shaped structure.

[0047] The elastic cylinder 8, the angle adjustment plate 6, and the base plate 12 form a sealed chamber that encloses the linkage mechanism 5. During drilling, when the angle adjustment plate 6 deflects, the elastic cylinder 8 itself and its central recessed structure undergo adaptive deformation, i.e., stretching or compression, and deform synchronously with the movement of the angle adjustment plate 6, maintaining the sealed state of the sealed chamber and protecting the linkage mechanism 5 from contamination.

[0048] Furthermore, the elastic cylinder 8 includes an upper conical cylinder 801, an elastic metal rod 802, a lower conical cylinder 803, and an annular fixing sleeve 804;

[0049] The top of the upper cone 801 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 1, and the bottom of the lower cone 803 is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate 6. The ends of the upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803 with smaller inner and outer diameters are arranged opposite each other. The annular fixing sleeve 804 is sleeved and fixed at the opposite ends of the upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803.

[0050] The upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803 are respectively provided with corresponding through holes in their walls, and the elastic metal rod 802 is inserted into the through holes of the upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803.

[0051] The bottom of the outer shell 1 is provided with a first annular groove for the top of the upper cone 801 to be inserted. The top of the upper cone 801 is inserted into the first annular groove and secured by bolts on the side of the outer shell 1. The top of the angle adjustment plate 6 is fixedly connected to an annular seat 805, which is provided with a second annular groove. The bottom of the lower cone 803 is engaged in the second annular groove and secured by bolts on the side of the annular seat 805. Two annular fixing sleeves 804 can be provided, inner and outer, and connected by bolts passing through the upper and lower cones to secure the opposite ends of the upper and lower cones. The conical structure of the upper cone 801 and lower cone 803 allows for easier deformation to accommodate the angle adjustment of the drill bit 7 and facilitates installation. The elastic metal rod 802 provides stable support within the deformation range, while enhancing the compressive strength and structural strength of the elastic shell 8. The elastic metal rod 802 can be made of spring steel, elastic alloy, or other materials. The upper cone 801, lower cone 803, and annular fixing sleeve 804 can be made of rubber. The distribution relationship of the elastic metal rod 802 is as follows Figure 5 .

[0052] In this utility model, the first driving device and the second driving device 901 can be components such as motors and hydraulic motors, and the connected circuits, oil circuits and other components can be led out to the ground through the inside of the drill rod 2.

[0053] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, alterations, alterations, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-directional drilling device, characterized in that, It includes a cylindrical shell (1), a base (3), a central rod (4), a linkage mechanism (5), an angle adjustment plate (6), a linear push mechanism (9), a bottom plate (12), and a connecting plate (13); The top of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected to the base (3), the top of the base (3) is used to connect the drill rod (2), and the bottom of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (12). The first driving device is installed on the base (3). The output end of the first driving device is fixedly connected to the top of the center rod (4). The bottom of the center rod (4) passes through the base plate (12) and is connected to the connecting plate (13). The connecting plate (13) is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate (6). The bottom of the connecting plate (13) is used to fix the drill bit (7). The linear push mechanism (9) is provided inside the outer shell (1) of the cylindrical body. The output end of the linear push mechanism (9) passes through the bottom plate (12) and is connected to the linkage mechanism (5). The linkage mechanism (5) is connected to the angle adjustment plate (6). The central rod (4) is used to drive the connecting plate (13) and the drill bit (7) to rotate. The linear push mechanism (9) is used to extend and retract and adjust the angle of the angle adjustment plate (6) and the drill bit (7) through the linkage mechanism (5), so that the drill bit (7) can realize the function of multi-directional drilling.

2. The multi-directional drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the connecting plate (13) is provided with a protrusion, the angle adjustment plate (6) has an annular structure, the protrusion passes through the hollow part of the angle adjustment plate (6), and the top of the protrusion is connected to the bottom of the center rod (4) through a universal joint (11).

3. The multi-directional drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism (5) includes a first bearing seat (501), a connecting rod (502), and a second bearing seat (503); The output end of the linear push mechanism (9) is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat (501). The first bearing seat (501) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod (502). The other end of the connecting rod (502) is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat (503). The second bearing seat (503) is mounted on the angle adjustment plate (6). The connecting rod (502) is inclined. The linear push mechanism (9) is used to push the connecting rod (502) to deflect, so as to realize the function of adjusting the angle of the angle adjustment plate (6).

4. A multi-directional drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The linear push mechanism (9) includes a second drive device (901), a fixed hollow tube (902), a main shaft (903), a sliding rod (904), and a side protrusion (905). An intermediate plate (10) is fixedly connected above the base plate (12) and inside the outer shell (1) of the cylinder. The mounting end of the second drive device (901) is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate (10). The center rod (4) passes through the intermediate plate (10). The output end of the second drive device (901) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (903). The main shaft (903) is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube (902). The top of the fixed hollow tube (902) is fixedly connected to the end face of the second drive device (901). The bottom is fixedly connected to the base plate (12), and the sliding rod (904) is provided inside the fixed hollow tube (902). The top of the sliding rod (904) is threaded to the main shaft (903), and the bottom of the sliding rod (904) passes through the base plate (12) and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat (501). The side protrusion (905) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod (904), and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed hollow tube (902) to accommodate the side protrusion (905) for constraining the rotation of the sliding rod (904).

5. A multi-directional drilling device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Multiple linear push mechanisms (9) and linkage mechanisms (5) are provided and are evenly distributed around the central rod (4) in the circumference.

6. A multi-directional drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic cylinder (8), the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell (1), and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate (6); the interior of the elastic cylinder (8), the area above the angle adjustment plate (6), and the area below the bottom plate (12) form a sealed chamber, and the linkage mechanism (5) is disposed in the sealed chamber; the annular side of the elastic cylinder (8) has a structure with the center concave inward.

7. A multi-directional drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic cylinder (8) includes an upper cone (801), an elastic metal rod (802), a lower cone (803), and an annular fixing sleeve (804). The top of the upper cone (801) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell (1), and the bottom of the lower cone (803) is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate (6). The upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803) are arranged opposite each other at the ends with the smaller inner and outer diameters. The annular fixing sleeve (804) is sleeved and fixed at the opposite ends of the upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803). The upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803) are respectively provided with corresponding through holes in their walls, and the elastic metal rod (802) is inserted into the through holes of the upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803).

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