A reciprocating steam boiler

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of boiler technology, specifically a reciprocating steam boiler, including a furnace body, a combustion furnace installed at the bottom of the furnace body, a grate installed at the top of the combustion furnace, a furnace chamber located at the top of the grate, a feeding hopper installed at one end of the furnace chamber, a boiler drum installed at the top of the furnace body, and several heat exchange tubes vertically installed inside the furnace body, with the tops of the heat exchange tubes connected to the boiler drum. A surface drain valve is installed at the bottom of one end of the boiler drum, and a bottom drain valve is installed at the bottom of one end of the furnace body. In this reciprocating steam boiler, the combustion furnace at the bottom of the furnace body is paired with an inclined, reciprocating tracked grate, which enables the fuel to be evenly distributed and fully combusted in the furnace chamber, improving combustion efficiency; the several vertically installed heat exchange tubes connected to the top boiler drum increase the heat exchange area, effectively improving heat transfer efficiency, thereby improving steam generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boiler technology, and more specifically, to a reciprocating steam boiler. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of steam boilers, with the development of industrial production and the growth of energy demand, increasingly higher requirements are being placed on the performance, efficiency, safety, and environmental protection of steam boilers. Traditional steam boilers have revealed many problems during operation, such as low combustion efficiency, leading to serious energy waste; insufficient precision in blowdown methods, making it difficult to effectively control the water quality inside the boiler, affecting the boiler's service life and steam quality; inadequate safety measures, posing potential safety hazards; poor flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery, causing not only environmental pollution but also reducing energy utilization; and inconvenient maintenance and operation, increasing labor costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0003] Taking a chain grate boiler (publication number CN211976845U) as an example, as a common type of stoker-fired boiler, chain grate boilers have certain limitations in terms of fuel adaptability. When the calorific value of the coal is below 5000 kcal, combustion may be interrupted or fail to occur, making it difficult to ensure the normal operation of the boiler, which limits its use for different types of coal. Moreover, during the combustion process, the uniformity of fuel distribution and the degree of combustion in chain grate boilers need to be improved, resulting in combustion efficiency that cannot reach the ideal state. In terms of heat exchange, its structural design results in a relatively limited heat exchange area and low heat transfer efficiency, which in turn affects steam generation efficiency. At the same time, chain grate boilers also have similar shortcomings to traditional boilers in terms of blowdown, safety component configuration, and flue gas treatment, and cannot well meet the requirements of modern industrial production for efficient, stable, safe, and environmentally friendly operation of steam boilers. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a reciprocating steam boiler to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as low combustion efficiency leading to serious energy waste; insufficient precision in the blowdown method, making it difficult to effectively control the water quality inside the boiler, affecting the service life and steam quality of the boiler; inadequate safety protection measures, posing potential safety hazards; poor flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery, which not only causes environmental pollution but also reduces energy utilization; and inconvenient maintenance and operation, increasing labor costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a reciprocating steam boiler, including a furnace body, a combustion furnace installed at the bottom of the furnace body, a grate installed at the top of the combustion furnace, a furnace chamber provided at the top of the grate, a feeding hopper installed at one end of the furnace chamber, a boiler drum installed at the top of the furnace body, a plurality of heat exchange tubes vertically installed inside the furnace body, the tops of the heat exchange tubes being connected to the boiler drum, a surface drain valve installed at the bottom of one end of the boiler drum, and a bottom drain valve installed at the bottom of one end of the furnace body.

[0006] This setup involves placing a combustion furnace at the bottom of the boiler body, using a grate to support fuel combustion. The heat generated is transferred to the water inside the boiler drum through vertically arranged heat exchange tubes, causing it to vaporize and produce steam. Surface and bottom drain valves are used to remove scum from the surface of the boiler drum and sediment from the bottom of the boiler body, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the boiler drum is equipped with a pressure gauge seat, a safety valve seat, a main steam valve, and a secondary steam valve.

[0008] This setting includes a pressure gauge mount on the top of the boiler drum for installing a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure inside the boiler, a safety valve mount for installing a safety valve to automatically release pressure in case of overpressure, and a main steam valve and an auxiliary steam valve for controlling the main steam output and auxiliary regulation, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a water supply pipe is connected to one side of the boiler drum.

[0010] This feature connects the water supply pipe to a water source to replenish water into the boiler drum, maintaining a stable water level.

[0011] Preferably, a soot blower is installed at one end of the furnace body, and an ash discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the furnace body near the soot blower.

[0012] This feature includes a soot blower that periodically cleans the surface of the heat exchange tubes of ash, and an ash discharge pipe that removes the deposited dust.

[0013] Preferably, a flue gas inlet is provided at the bottom of one end of the furnace body, and a flue gas outlet is provided at the other end of the furnace body. A rear smoke box is connected to the outside of the flue gas outlet, and an economizer is connected to the outer end of the rear smoke box through a flue.

[0014] This feature creates a flue gas passage between the flue gas inlet and outlet, allowing the rear smoke box and economizer to further recover waste heat from the flue gas and preheat the feedwater.

[0015] Preferably, a number of smoke deflectors are installed inside the furnace body at the end near the smoke outlet.

[0016] This feature, the smoke deflector, alters the path of the flue gas flow and extends its residence time.

[0017] Preferably, a ladder is installed on the outside of the furnace body.

[0018] This feature includes a ladder to facilitate operators' access to the top of the furnace for inspection and maintenance.

[0019] Preferably, the grate is inclined and moves in a tracked manner via chain drive, causing the grate plates to reciprocate back and forth.

[0020] This feature, with its tilting and reciprocating grate, ensures even fuel distribution and complete combustion.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] In this reciprocating steam boiler, the combustion furnace at the bottom of the furnace body is equipped with an inclined crawler grate that can move back and forth, which enables the fuel to be evenly distributed and fully burned in the furnace, improving combustion efficiency. Several heat exchange tubes installed vertically inside are connected to the top boiler drum, increasing the heat exchange area and effectively improving heat transfer efficiency, thereby improving steam generation efficiency.

[0023] The surface drain valve at one end of the boiler drum can promptly remove scum and foam from the inner surface of the boiler drum, while the bottom drain valve at one end of the furnace body can remove impurities such as mud and scale deposited at the bottom of the furnace body. The combined use of the two helps to keep the water inside the boiler clean, reduce scale formation, extend the service life of the boiler, and ensure steam quality.

[0024] The pressure gauge seat, safety valve seat, main steam valve, and auxiliary steam valve installed on the top of the boiler drum are used to monitor the pressure inside the boiler, ensure safe pressure relief when the pressure exceeds the limit, control the main steam output, and provide auxiliary regulation, respectively. Multiple safety components work together to ensure the safe and stable operation of the boiler.

[0025] The flue gas inlet at one end and the flue gas outlet at the other end of the furnace body, together with the internal baffle plate, can effectively extend the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace body, so that the heat in the flue gas can be fully absorbed by the heat exchange tubes and improve the heat utilization rate. The rear smoke box, flue and economizer connected to the outside of the flue gas outlet can further recover the waste heat of the flue gas for preheating the feedwater, reduce energy consumption and achieve energy saving and efficiency improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body in this utility model;

[0030] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0031] 1. Furnace body; 11. Pressure gauge seat; 12. Safety valve seat; 13. Main steam valve; 14. Auxiliary steam valve; 15. Water supply pipe; 16. Soot blower; 17. Ash discharge pipe; 18. Flue gas inlet; 19. Flue gas outlet; 110. Baffle plate; 2. Combustion furnace; 21. Grate; 22. Furnace chamber; 23. Feed hopper; 3. Surface drain valve; 4. Bottom drain valve; 5. Boiler drum; 6. Heat exchange tubes; 7. Rear smoke box; 8. Flue; 9. Economizer; 10. Ladder. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] This utility model provides a reciprocating steam boiler, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the furnace includes a furnace body 1, a combustion furnace 2 installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1, a grate 21 installed at the top of the combustion furnace 2, a furnace chamber 22 provided at the top of the grate 21, a feeding hopper 23 installed at one end of the furnace chamber 22, a boiler drum 5 installed at the top of the furnace body 1, and several heat exchange tubes 6 vertically installed inside the furnace body 1. The top of the heat exchange tubes 6 is connected to the boiler drum 5, a surface drain valve 3 is installed at the bottom of one end of the boiler drum 5, and a bottom drain valve 4 is installed at the bottom of one end of the furnace body 1.

[0034] A combustion furnace 2 is installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1. The grate 21 at the top of the combustion furnace 2 supports the fuel, which burns and releases heat within the furnace chamber 22. Several vertically installed heat exchange tubes 6 inside the furnace body 1 transfer the heat generated by combustion to the boiler drum 5 at the top, causing the water inside the boiler drum 5 to vaporize and produce steam. A surface drain valve 3 at one end of the bottom of the boiler drum 5 can discharge scum from the surface of the boiler drum, while a bottom drain valve 4 at one end of the bottom of the furnace body 1 is used to remove sediment from the bottom of the furnace body.

[0035] A complete combustion-heat exchange-sewage system has been constructed. Through the coordinated work of various components, thermal efficiency and steam quality are effectively improved, impurities are reduced to prevent damage to the boiler, and the service life of the boiler is extended.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the top of the boiler drum 5 is equipped with a pressure gauge seat 11, a safety valve seat 12, a main steam valve 13, and a secondary steam valve 14.

[0037] The pressure gauge seat 11 at the top of the boiler drum 5 is used to install a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure inside the boiler drum 5 in real time; the safety valve seat 12 is used to install a safety valve, which automatically opens to release pressure when the pressure inside the boiler exceeds the set value; the main steam valve 13 and the auxiliary steam valve 14 respectively control the main output and auxiliary regulation of steam, achieving precise control of steam flow and pressure. This improves the boiler's safety monitoring and regulation mechanism, enabling timely detection and response to abnormal pressure conditions, ensuring safe and stable boiler operation, and preventing safety accidents caused by pressure issues.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a water supply pipe 15 is connected to one side of the boiler drum 5.

[0039] A water supply pipe 15 connected to one side of the boiler drum 5 is connected to an external water source. Water is supplied to the boiler drum 5 through the water supply pipe 15 to maintain a stable water level inside the boiler drum 5 and ensure that there is enough water to participate in the vaporization process. This ensures the continuous and stable operation of the boiler, avoids dry-boil due to water shortage, and effectively reduces the risk of equipment damage and safety hazards.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a soot blower 16 is installed at one end of the furnace body 1, and an ash discharge pipe 17 is installed at the bottom of the end of the furnace body 1 near the soot blower 16.

[0041] A soot blower 16 installed at one end of the furnace body 1 can periodically clean the internal heat exchange tubes 6 by spraying media to remove the accumulated ash on the surface of the heat exchange tubes 6. The ash discharge pipe 17 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 near the soot blower 16 is used to discharge the cleaned dust and the dust deposited at the bottom of the furnace body. Keeping the heat exchange tubes 6 clean improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces heat transfer loss caused by ash accumulation; at the same time, it reduces the frequency and difficulty of manual cleaning and saves maintenance costs.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, a flue gas inlet 18 is provided at the bottom of one end of the furnace body 1, and a flue gas outlet 19 is provided at the other end of the furnace body 1. A rear smoke box 7 is connected to the outside of the flue gas outlet 19, and an economizer 9 is connected to the outer end of the rear smoke box 7 through a flue 8.

[0043] The flue gas inlet 18 at one bottom of the furnace body 1 is the channel for flue gas to enter the furnace body 1, while the flue gas outlet 19 at the other end is the channel for flue gas to exit. During the flow of flue gas within the furnace body 1, heat is absorbed by the heat exchange tubes 6. The rear smoke box 7 connected to the outside of the flue gas outlet 19 and the economizer 9 connected through the flue duct 8 can further recover waste heat from the flue gas for preheating feedwater. This improves energy utilization efficiency, fully utilizes the heat in the flue gas, reduces exhaust gas temperature, reduces energy waste, and achieves the goal of energy conservation and consumption reduction.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, several smoke deflectors 110 are installed inside the furnace body 1 at the end near the smoke outlet 19.

[0045] Several baffle plates 110 are installed inside the furnace body 1 near the flue gas outlet 19. The baffle plates 110 change the flow path of the flue gas, prolonging the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace body 1 and increasing the contact time and area between the flue gas and the heat exchange tubes 6. This further enhances the heat exchange effect, improves the heat absorption efficiency, and allows more heat to be transferred by the heat exchange tubes 6 to the water in the boiler drum 5, thereby improving the boiler's thermal efficiency.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, a ladder 10 is installed on the outside of the furnace body 1.

[0047] The ladder 10 installed on the outside of the furnace body 1 provides operators with access to the top of the furnace body 1 and other high-level areas, facilitating equipment inspection, maintenance, and repair. This significantly improves the convenience of equipment maintenance while ensuring the safety of operators working at heights and reducing safety risks caused by inconvenient operation.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the grate 21 is inclined and moves in a tracked manner via chain drive, causing the grate plates of the grate 21 to move back and forth.

[0049] The grate 21 is inclined and moves in a track-like motion via chain drive, causing the grate bars of the grate 21 to reciprocate back and forth. This motion promotes the even distribution of fuel within the furnace 22, while ensuring sufficient contact between the fuel and air, thus accelerating the combustion process. This improves fuel combustion efficiency, allowing for more complete combustion and reducing energy waste caused by incomplete combustion. Furthermore, it can adapt to the combustion requirements of different coal types, expanding the boiler's applicability to various fuels.

[0050] In operation, the reciprocating steam boiler of this invention first receives fuel from the feed hopper 23 at one end of the furnace 22, which falls onto the inclined grate 21, which moves in a crawler-like motion via a chain transmission. The grate bars of the grate 21 reciprocate back and forth, pushing the fuel to be evenly distributed in the furnace 22 and ensuring full contact between the fuel and air, thereby achieving continuous and stable combustion in the combustion furnace 2 and releasing a large amount of heat.

[0051] Several heat exchange tubes 6 are vertically installed inside the furnace body 1, transferring the heat generated by the combustion furnace 2 to the boiler drum 5 at the top. A water supply pipe 15 connected to one side of the boiler drum 5 replenishes water into the boiler drum 5. This water absorbs the heat transferred by the heat exchange tubes 6 and vaporizes to generate steam. The generated steam can be output after its flow and pressure are regulated by the main steam valve 13 and the auxiliary steam valve 14 at the top of the boiler drum 5.

[0052] The pressure gauge seat 11 installed on the top of the boiler drum 5 is used to install a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure inside the boiler drum 5 in real time; the safety valve seat 12 is equipped with a safety valve that automatically opens to release pressure when the pressure inside the boiler exceeds the set value. This dual protection ensures the safe operation of the boiler and avoids safety accidents caused by abnormal pressure.

[0053] During operation, the surface drain valve 3 at one end of the boiler drum 5 can promptly discharge the scum on the surface of the boiler drum to prevent the scum from affecting the steam quality; the bottom drain valve 4 at one end of the furnace body 1 is used to remove sediment such as mud and scale deposited at the bottom of the furnace body, keep the inside of the boiler clean, reduce the damage of impurities to the boiler, and extend its service life.

[0054] The soot blower 16 installed at one end of the furnace body 1 regularly cleans the internal heat exchange tubes 6, removing the accumulated ash on the surface of the heat exchange tubes 6 by means of spraying media, etc. The cleaned-off dust and the dust deposited at the bottom of the furnace body are discharged through the ash discharge pipe 17 to maintain the high efficiency of heat exchange performance of the heat exchange tubes 6.

[0055] The flue gas generated by fuel combustion enters through the flue gas inlet 18 at one end of the furnace body 1. During its flow within the furnace body 1, heat is absorbed by the heat exchange tubes 6. A baffle plate 110 installed inside the furnace body 1 near the flue gas outlet 19 alters the flow path of the flue gas, extending its residence time within the furnace body and enhancing heat exchange. Subsequently, the flue gas exits through the flue gas outlet 19, passes through the rear smoke box 7 and flue 8 connected to the outside, and enters the economizer 9 to further recover waste heat from the flue gas for preheating feedwater, improving energy utilization and reducing exhaust gas temperature.

[0056] Operators can reach the top of the boiler body 1 and other high places via the ladder 10 installed on the outside of the boiler body 1, which facilitates daily inspection, maintenance and other operations of the boiler.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the electronic components in the combustion furnace 2 and other components in this embodiment are all general standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. In the idle part of this device, all the above-mentioned electrical components are connected by wires. The specific connection method should refer to the working order between each electrical component in the above working principle to complete the electrical connection. All of these are technologies known in the art.

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reciprocating steam boiler comprising a furnace (1), characterised in that: A combustion furnace (2) is installed at the bottom of the furnace body (1), a grate (21) is installed at the top of the combustion furnace (2), a furnace chamber (22) is provided at the top of the grate (21), a feeding hopper (23) is installed at one end of the furnace chamber (22), a boiler drum (5) is installed at the top of the furnace body (1), several heat exchange tubes (6) are vertically installed inside the furnace body (1), the top of the heat exchange tubes (6) is connected to the boiler drum (5), a surface drain valve (3) is installed at the bottom of one end of the boiler drum (5), and a bottom drain valve (4) is installed at the bottom of one end of the furnace body (1).

2. A reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 1, characterised in that: The top of the boiler drum (5) is equipped with a pressure gauge seat (11), a safety valve seat (12), a main steam valve (13), and a secondary steam valve (14).

3. The reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water supply pipe (15) is connected to one side of the boiler drum (5).

4. The reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soot blower (16) is installed at one end of the furnace body (1), and an ash discharge pipe (17) is installed at the bottom of the furnace body (1) near the soot blower (16).

5. The reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) has a flue gas inlet (18) at one end and a flue gas outlet (19) at the other end. The flue gas outlet (19) is connected to a rear smoke box (7) on the outside. The outer end of the rear smoke box (7) is connected to an economizer (9) through a flue (8).

6. The reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several smoke deflectors (110) are installed inside the furnace body (1) near the smoke outlet (19).

7. The reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ladder (10) is installed on the outside of the furnace body (1).

8. The reciprocating steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate (21) is inclined and moves in a tracked manner via chain drive, causing the grate plates of the grate (21) to move back and forth.

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