An IoT-based environmental detector

Abstract

This utility model discloses an IoT-based environmental detector, relating to the field of environmental monitoring. It includes a lower housing and an upper housing. A mainboard box is located at the top of the lower housing, containing a component assembly. A cavity is located on the rear side of the mainboard box, with a cover plate at the top. An air inlet is located on the left front side of the cover plate, and a pump assembly is located on the rear side of the cavity. Multiple reinforcing ribs are evenly arranged around the bottom of the cover plate, and multiple guide plates are located on the inner bottom side of the cavity. This invention solves the problems of existing environmental monitoring modules, which rely on limited detection methods, can only monitor a limited number of environmental parameters, cannot comprehensively grasp the real-time status of complex underground environments, lack the ability to identify abnormal manhole cover conditions, and are difficult to detect manhole cover displacement, tilting, or missing parts in a timely manner. Furthermore, data transmission relies on wired communication, resulting in complex wiring, high costs, easy damage, and poor stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to an environmental detector based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Current environmental monitoring modules on the market have significant shortcomings in terms of functionality and adaptability to various application scenarios. On the one hand, most environmental monitoring modules are simply designed with limited detection methods, often only capable of monitoring a limited set of environmental parameters, such as temperature and humidity. They lack comprehensive detection capabilities for critical parameters that may exist in complex underground environments, such as the concentration of various harmful gases (e.g., carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide), oxygen content, pressure changes, and minute displacements. This limitation makes it impossible to comprehensively and accurately grasp the real-time status of the underground environment, failing to meet the safety monitoring needs in complex environments.

[0003] On the other hand, existing environmental monitoring modules generally lack the ability to identify abnormal conditions of critical facilities such as manhole covers. In urban underground pipe networks, manhole covers, as a vital infrastructure component, can cause problems if their condition is abnormal (such as displacement, tilting, or missing parts). This not only affects the normal operation of the underground pipe network but can also pose a direct threat to the safety of pedestrians and vehicles. However, existing environmental monitoring modules lack the corresponding sensor technology and intelligent recognition algorithms to effectively monitor and warn of abnormal manhole cover conditions. This makes it difficult for relevant management departments to promptly detect and address manhole cover anomalies, increasing safety risks.

[0004] Furthermore, existing environmental monitoring modules also have certain limitations in data transmission and system integration. While some modules possess data transmission capabilities, they often rely on specific wired communication methods, resulting in complex and costly wiring. Moreover, in complex environments such as underground mines, wired communication lines are easily damaged, affecting the stability and reliability of data transmission. Simultaneously, due to the lack of standardized interfaces and communication protocols, existing environmental monitoring modules struggle to seamlessly integrate with other safety monitoring systems, hindering data sharing and collaborative processing, thus limiting their application scope and effectiveness in large-scale safety monitoring systems.

[0005] In summary, existing environmental monitoring modules have many shortcomings in terms of detection methods, abnormal state identification capabilities, and system integration, failing to meet the safety monitoring needs of complex underground and underground environments. Therefore, developing an environmental monitoring module with multiple detection methods, capable of comprehensive monitoring of complex underground environments, and possessing the function of identifying abnormal states of manhole covers has significant technical value and application prospects. Utility Model Content

[0006] In response to the above situation and to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides an environmental detector based on the Internet of Things. It effectively solves the problems of existing environmental detection modules having a single detection method, only able to monitor limited environmental parameters, and unable to fully grasp the real-time status of complex underground environments; lacking the function of identifying abnormal conditions of manhole covers, making it difficult to detect manhole cover displacement, tilting, missing and other conditions in a timely manner; and relying on wired communication for data transmission, which is complicated, costly and easily damaged, and has poor stability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An IoT-based environmental detector includes a lower housing and an upper housing. The top of the lower housing is provided with a motherboard box, the inside of which is a component assembly. The rear side of the motherboard box is provided with a cavity, the top of which is provided with a cover plate. The front left side of the cover plate is provided with an air inlet, the rear side of the cavity is provided with an air pump assembly, the bottom of the cover plate is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs evenly arranged around its perimeter, and the bottom inner side of the cavity is provided with multiple guide plates.

[0009] Preferably, the lower housing and the upper housing are connected by round-head screws.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the air inlet extends through the cover plate and the upper housing, and a waterproof filter membrane is provided on the top of the air inlet, which is connected to the upper housing.

[0011] Preferably, the air pump assembly includes an air pump, the front end of which is connected to the mainboard box, and a first connecting pipe is provided on the top left side of the air pump, and the top right side of the first connecting pipe is connected to the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the air pump has a second connecting pipe at the bottom left side, and an exhaust pipe at the top of the second connecting pipe, with the top of the exhaust pipe penetrating the upper housing.

[0013] Preferably, a label is provided on the top of the upper housing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This utility model is easy to install and has high sealing performance and structural strength. The air inlet layout ensures stable and accurate gas sample collection in complex downhole environments, reduces gas entry obstacles and losses, and ensures that the sample is close to the actual environmental conditions. The pumping assembly actively draws downhole gas into the cavity, allowing the gas to quickly and fully contact the components. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the cover plate and the mainboard box of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cavity of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pump assembly structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a top view of the motherboard box and cavity of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate and guide plate structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the component group structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the illegal activation alarm process of this utility model.

[0026] The following are the label numbers in the diagram: 101, label paper; 102, upper shell; 103, lower shell; 104, waterproof filter membrane; 105, cover plate; 106, mainboard box; 107, component assembly; 201, air inlet; 202, cavity; 203, reinforcing rib; 204, first connecting pipe; 205, air pump; 206, second connecting pipe; 207, exhaust pipe; 208, guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-10 The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail.

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Depend on Figures 1-10 This invention proposes an environmental detector based on the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0030] This utility model includes a lower housing 103 and an upper housing 102, which are connected by round-headed screws. This connection method is not only convenient to install, but also effectively ensures the overall sealing and structural strength of the device, enabling it to adapt to complex and potentially harsh underground environmental conditions.

[0031] The top of the lower housing 103 is provided with a main board box 106, which serves as the core load-bearing component of the entire device. Inside the main board box 106 is a component group 107, which includes various high-precision sensors, microprocessors, and signal processing circuits. The rear side of the main board box 106 is provided with a cavity 202, which provides an independent and stable space for gas sampling and analysis. The top of the cavity 202 is provided with a cover plate 105, and the front left side of the cover plate 105 is provided with an air inlet 201, which ensures that the gas in the downhole environment can smoothly enter the cavity 202 for subsequent monitoring and analysis.

[0032] A pump assembly is located at the rear of the cavity 202, which actively draws downhole gas into the cavity 202 through the air inlet 201. This allows the gas to quickly and fully contact the component assembly 107 within the mainboard box 106, enabling precise monitoring of key parameters such as gas composition and concentration. This device is primarily fixedly installed inside the manhole cover, a concealed and safe installation method that does not affect the normal use of the manhole cover or the surrounding environment. In the downhole environment, it operates continuously and stably, using the component assembly 107 to monitor the drawn-in gas in real time and provide timely and accurate feedback of the monitoring data. This allows workers to promptly understand the downhole gas conditions, detect potential safety hazards such as hazardous gas leaks in advance, and take appropriate measures to address them, effectively ensuring the safety of downhole personnel and the normal operation of equipment.

[0033] Multiple reinforcing ribs 203 are evenly distributed around the bottom perimeter of the cover plate 105. These reinforcing ribs 203 are manufactured integrally with the cover plate 105, which not only enhances the overall structural strength of the cover plate 105, enabling it to remain stable and less prone to deformation and damage in the complex downhole environment where there may be certain external impacts, thus ensuring the sealing of the device and the safety of internal components, but the design of the reinforcing ribs 203 also brings several functional advantages. Firstly, by precisely controlling the height of the reinforcing ribs 203, the distance between the cover plate 105 and the bottom of the cavity 202 can be indirectly controlled, thereby changing the effective volume of the cavity 202. When it is necessary to adjust the relevant parameters of the intake gas, such as changing the residence time of the gas in the cavity 202 or the uniformity of gas concentration distribution in a specific monitoring scenario, simply adjusting the height of the reinforcing ribs 203 can achieve effective control of the intake gas, meeting diverse monitoring needs. Secondly, in the glue-filling and sealing process of the device, the presence of the reinforcing rib 203 makes the glue-filling operation more thorough, forming a more tight sealing structure. This effectively prevents external impurities and moisture from entering the cavity 202 and interfering with the accuracy of gas monitoring. It also prevents internal gas leakage, ensuring the reliability of the monitoring data. Multiple guide plates 208 are provided on the inner bottom of the cavity 202. When gas enters the cavity 202 from the inlet 201, the guide plates 208 guide the gas to flow in a predetermined direction, creating an orderly flow state within the cavity 202 (flow direction as follows). Figure 8 (As shown). This orderly flow facilitates full contact between the gas and components such as sensors within the cavity 202, improving gas detection efficiency. The guide plate 208 and reinforcing rib 203 work together to further compress the effective space of the cavity 202. Within this limited space, the gas to be measured can fill the entire cavity 202 more quickly, enabling the sensor to detect gas changes more rapidly. This significantly improves the sensitivity of the device, ensuring timely and accurate monitoring of gas anomalies in the downhole environment and providing strong protection for downhole operation safety.

[0034] The top of the air inlet 201 extends through the cover plate 105 and the upper housing 102. A waterproof filter membrane 104 is installed on the top of the air inlet 201, and the waterproof filter membrane 104 is connected to the upper housing 102. The layout of the air inlet 201 ensures stable and accurate gas sample collection in complex downhole environments, allowing gas from the downhole environment to enter the cavity 202 directly and smoothly, reducing obstruction and loss during the gas entry process. This ensures that the collected gas sample is closer to the actual downhole environment, providing a reliable basis for subsequent accurate monitoring. The waterproof filter membrane 104 has excellent waterproof and filtration functions. In terms of waterproof performance, downhole environments are often humid and may even have water accumulation. The waterproof filter membrane 104 can effectively block the intrusion of external moisture. Its special material and structure form a dense waterproof barrier. Even if water droplets or water vapor come into contact with the air inlet 201, they cannot penetrate the waterproof filter membrane 104 and enter the cavity 202. This avoids water damage to the components inside the cavity 202, extends the service life of the device, and also prevents water from interfering with the gas monitoring results, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0035] The air pump assembly includes an air pump 205. The front end of the air pump 205 is connected to the main board box 106, ensuring the stability of the air pump 205's operation and facilitating precise control of the air pump 205 by the control circuit within the main board box 106. A first connecting pipe 204 is located on the top left side of the air pump 205, and the top right side of the first connecting pipe 204 is connected to the cavity 202. A second connecting pipe 206 is located on the bottom left side of the air pump 205, and an exhaust pipe 207 is located at the top of the second connecting pipe 206. The top of the exhaust pipe 207 penetrates the upper housing 102. When the air pump 205 is started, the cavity 202 is made into a negative pressure state through the first connecting pipe 204. External gas enters the cavity 202 through the air inlet 201. After being drawn into the cavity 202 and detected, the gas can be smoothly discharged from the device through the first connecting pipe 204, the air pump 205, the second connecting pipe 206, and the exhaust pipe 207, forming a complete gas circulation path.

[0036] After the machine is powered on, a 3-minute preheating phase will occur. This phase is crucial, as the preheating process ensures that key components such as the air pump 205 and sensors reach their optimal operating temperatures, guaranteeing stable performance and reliable operation, and avoiding measurement errors caused by temperature differences. After preheating, the air pump 205 will begin operating, continuously pumping air for 2 minutes. During these 2 minutes, a large amount of downhole gas will be rapidly drawn into chamber 202, providing sufficient gas samples for subsequent testing.

[0037] After the pump intake process is completed, a brief detection phase begins, lasting only a few seconds. During these few seconds, the component group 107 within the mainboard box 106 rapidly and accurately detects and analyzes key parameters such as the gas composition and concentration within the cavity 202, and promptly feeds back the detection data. After the detection is completed, the equipment enters a 48-hour interval. During this period, the gas in the detection space remains relatively still. This design reduces interference from external environmental changes on the gas sample within the cavity 202, ensuring relative stability of the gas state in the cavity 202 for subsequent detections, making the test results more comparable. It also effectively reduces energy consumption, extends the equipment's lifespan, and minimizes continuous disturbance to the downhole environment. After 48 hours, the equipment repeats the above preheating, pump intake, and detection process, enabling continuous and periodic monitoring of the downhole gas condition and providing reliable data support for downhole operation safety.

[0038] The top of the upper housing 102 is equipped with a label 101, which is made of a special wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material. The underground environment is complex and variable, potentially containing various chemicals, dust, and frequent friction. Ordinary label paper 101 is easily worn, faded, or even corroded in such an environment, leading to unclear or lost recorded information, causing significant difficulties for equipment maintenance, management, and subsequent data traceability. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant label paper 101 used in this device undergoes special treatment, resulting in excellent wear resistance. Even during routine equipment handling, installation, and contact with surrounding objects, the surface of the label paper 101 is not easily scratched or worn, ensuring the integrity and readability of the information. Simultaneously, it effectively resists the corrosive effects of chemicals that may be present underground, such as acidic gases and corrosive liquids, maintaining the color and clarity of the label paper 101 over a long period, significantly extending its service life.

[0039] The component group 107 includes a carbon monoxide detection sensor, a methane detection sensor, a hydrogen sulfide detection sensor, an oxygen detection sensor, and a humidity detection sensor.

[0040] The carbon monoxide (CO) detection sensor in component group 107 is a key component for monitoring carbon monoxide (CO) concentration. This sensor has a specific range and resolution, with a range set from 0-500 PPM, which meets the needs of carbon monoxide concentration monitoring in industrial and urban environments. In industrial production, some equipment involving combustion processes, such as boilers and kilns, may leak carbon monoxide if combustion is incomplete; in urban environments, vehicle exhaust emissions are also a significant source of carbon monoxide. This sensor has a resolution of 1 PPM, meaning it can accurately detect changes in carbon monoxide concentration per 1 PPM, providing accurate data support for air quality monitoring, helping to promptly identify potential carbon monoxide exceedance risks, and ensuring personnel safety and environmental quality.

[0041] The methane detection sensor in component group 107 is responsible for monitoring the concentration of methane (CH4). Its measurement range is 0-50000 PPM, a wide range that allows it to adapt to various methane concentration detection scenarios, making it particularly suitable for environments such as gas pipelines and coal mines. In gas pipelines, methane is a major gas component, and changes in its concentration can indicate leaks or other problems. In coal mining, methane is a common hazardous gas, and excessively high concentrations can lead to explosions and other serious safety accidents. This sensor has a resolution of 500 PPM, enabling it to accurately detect changes in methane concentration within its corresponding range, providing reliable data for safety monitoring in relevant locations.

[0042] The hydrogen sulfide detection sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Its measurement range is 0-50 PPM, with a resolution of 0.1 PPM. Hydrogen sulfide is a gas with a strong pungent odor and is toxic, commonly found in environments such as wastewater treatment plants and oil extraction. In wastewater treatment plants, hydrogen sulfide may be produced from the decomposition of organic matter in wastewater; during oil extraction, hydrogen sulfide from the formation may also be released during the extraction process. This sensor can detect low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, accurately capturing even concentration changes as small as 0.1 PPM, which is crucial for the timely detection of hydrogen sulfide leaks and ensuring the safety of workers.

[0043] The oxygen detection sensor, part of component group 107, is a device used to monitor oxygen (O2) concentration. Its measurement range is 0-35%, and its resolution is 0.1%. In environments such as confined spaces and underground facilities, oxygen concentration can fluctuate due to various factors, such as human respiration and chemical reactions. When the oxygen concentration is too low, it can lead to asphyxiation; while excessively high oxygen concentrations can increase the risk of fire and explosion. This sensor can accurately monitor changes in oxygen concentration, providing crucial data for safety assessments and personnel protection in these special environments, ensuring that personnel operate within a relatively safe oxygen concentration range.

[0044] The humidity sensor, located in component group 107, is responsible for monitoring ambient humidity. Its temperature detection range is -20-100℃, covering various temperature changes that may occur in complex environments such as underground mines. It can effectively monitor conditions ranging from the low temperatures of deep underground environments to areas with high temperatures generated by equipment operation. The humidity detection range is 0-100%RH, comprehensively reflecting the actual ambient humidity. Furthermore, both its temperature and humidity resolution are 0.1%, enabling precise detection of subtle changes in temperature and humidity, providing high-precision data support for environmental assessments. In underground environments, humidity levels can affect the performance and lifespan of other sensors, and can also impact the working environment of underground equipment and personnel. Through the humidity sensor, the ambient humidity status can be monitored in real time, allowing for appropriate measures such as ventilation and dehumidification to ensure the normal operation of equipment and the comfort of personnel.

[0045] Component group 107 also includes a triaxial accelerometer. This sensor uses X, Y, and Z values ​​to determine the tilt angle of the manhole cover. When the tilt angle reaches 30 degrees, an interrupt is triggered, initiating an alarm for illegal opening. The triaxial accelerometer is model QMA7981. In actual application scenarios, manhole covers should maintain a relatively stable state under normal conditions. The triaxial accelerometer continuously monitors the manhole cover's attitude. Once the tilt angle reaches the preset threshold of 30 degrees, the sensor quickly triggers the interrupt mechanism. This interrupt signal acts as an emergency alarm, immediately notifying the device's main control system, which then initiates an alarm for illegal opening. This rapid response mechanism can promptly detect potential illegal opening attempts, such as attempts by criminals to pry open the manhole cover for theft or vandalism. In this way, the triaxial accelerometer provides reliable protection for the safety of the manhole cover, effectively preventing illegal opening and thus ensuring public safety.

[0046] To ensure safe monitoring while achieving energy-efficient operation and extending the equipment's lifespan, the device employs a strategy of timed detection and data uploading. Specifically, the device performs a comprehensive inspection every 48 hours. During these 48-hour intervals, the triaxial accelerometer does not operate continuously at high frequency but remains in a low-power monitoring state, triggering an alarm only when an abnormal tilt angle is detected. This operating mode significantly reduces unnecessary energy consumption and avoids energy waste and overheating issues caused by prolonged high-load operation of the sensor.

[0047] At the 48-hour detection interval, the equipment collects and integrates data from the triaxial accelerometer and other relevant sensors (such as the previously mentioned carbon monoxide and methane detection sensors). Subsequently, the equipment uploads all the data collected during this cycle once. This timed data upload method satisfies the needs of data recording and analysis while avoiding increased energy consumption and communication resource usage caused by frequent data transmission. Through this scientific timed detection and data upload mechanism, the equipment effectively reduces energy consumption, extends its service life, and improves its reliability and stability while ensuring its safety monitoring functions, providing strong support for the long-term and stable protection of manhole covers.

[0048] Component group 107 employs NB-IoT wireless communication technology and ultra-low power management technology to achieve remote data transmission. NB-IoT technology boasts numerous advantages such as wide coverage, low power consumption, large connectivity, and low cost, making it ideal for applications in manhole cover and underground environment monitoring scenarios. Thanks to its strong signal penetration capabilities, NB-IoT technology effectively overcomes these difficulties, ensuring stable and reliable data transmission in complex underground environments. Through this technology, data such as the status of the manhole cover and the underground environment collected by sensors can be transmitted in real time and accurately to a remote intelligent management platform. For example, when a triaxial accelerometer detects that the tilt angle of the manhole cover reaches 30 degrees and triggers an illegal opening alarm, the NB-IoT communication module will quickly transmit this alarm information along with the location information of the manhole cover to the backend, enabling management personnel to be aware of the anomaly immediately. Simultaneously, it can also efficiently transmit environmental parameter data such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, temperature, and humidity in the well, providing a foundation for subsequent data analysis and processing.

[0049] To ensure stable operation of the equipment for extended periods underground, component group 107 employs ultra-low power management technology. Underground environments typically lack convenient power access, so the equipment primarily relies on battery power. Ultra-low power design is implemented across all components of the equipment, from sensors and communication modules to data processing units, all undergoing meticulous power optimization.

[0050] Regarding sensors, an intermittent operating mode is employed. For example, carbon monoxide and methane detection sensors do not continuously detect but sample at preset time intervals. During non-detection periods, the sensors enter a low-power sleep state, significantly reducing energy consumption. The NB-IoT communication module also quickly enters sleep mode after data transmission is complete, only waking up when data transmission is needed. Furthermore, the power management module features intelligent power monitoring and allocation, rationally distributing power according to the device's operating status and prioritizing power supply to critical components. These ultra-low-power design measures effectively extend battery life, reduce battery replacement frequency, and lower maintenance costs.

[0051] Component group 107 adopts an integrated design concept, integrating pump suction components, various sensors, communication modules, power management modules, etc. into a compact device. This integrated design not only makes the equipment structure more compact and easier to install, but also improves the overall reliability and stability of the equipment.

[0052] To address the complex downhole environment and uneven gas distribution, the equipment employs a pump-suction method to collect gas samples. The gas pump 205 in the pump-suction assembly draws downhole gas into the chamber 202 via the first connecting pipe 204, ensuring that the sensor can accurately detect the gas composition and concentration. This pump-suction method overcomes the limitations of natural diffusion, quickly and effectively collecting representative gas samples, improving the accuracy and timeliness of detection. Simultaneously, the integrated design allows the equipment to better adapt to harsh downhole environments such as high temperature, high humidity, and dust. The various components work collaboratively to ensure the normal operation of the equipment in complex environments.

[0053] The IoT environmental monitoring module uses sensor technology to incorporate information such as the status of manhole covers, the underground environment, and whether the manhole covers are open into a unified maintenance and management system. On the backend intelligent management platform, the status and alarm information of the manhole cover's location are displayed in an intuitive map format.

[0054] The location of each manhole cover is clearly marked on the map. When a manhole cover malfunctions, such as being illegally opened, tilted at an excessive angle, or when underground environmental parameters exceed normal ranges, the corresponding manhole cover icon will prominently display an alarm message on the map, such as flashing or changing color. Simultaneously, the platform will display detailed alarm information, including alarm type, time of occurrence, and relevant parameter values. Maintenance personnel can monitor the status of manhole covers and the underground environment in real time through the intelligent management platform, promptly obtain alarm information, and quickly reach the site for handling based on map navigation. This intelligent management method significantly improves maintenance efficiency, enables rapid resolution of safety hazards, and ensures public safety and the normal operation of underground equipment.

[0055] This product is applicable to the following:

[0056] Power manhole covers: Used to monitor the condition of power facilities and the underground environment to ensure the safety and stability of power supply.

[0057] Gas well covers: Used to monitor the condition of gas pipeline well covers and the underground environment to prevent safety accidents such as gas leaks.

[0058] Waterworks manhole covers: used to monitor the condition of waterworks manhole covers and the underground environment, ensuring the normal operation of urban water supply and drainage systems.

[0059] Communication manhole covers: Used to monitor the status of communication facilities and the underground environment, ensuring the stability and safety of communication networks.

[0060] This product aims to create a comprehensive and complete intelligent monitoring solution, precisely meeting the urgent needs of urban infrastructure maintenance and management. With the rapid pace of urbanization, urban infrastructure is vast and widely distributed. Traditional manual inspection methods are not only inefficient but also fail to promptly detect and address potential safety hazards.

[0061] Our intelligent monitoring solution covers the entire process from data acquisition and transmission to analysis and processing. By installing various sensors on the manhole cover, such as triaxial accelerometers, carbon monoxide detectors, methane detectors, and temperature and humidity sensors, we can collect real-time data on the manhole cover's status and the underground environment. For example, the triaxial accelerometer can accurately monitor the tilt angle of the manhole cover; once the tilt angle reaches 30 degrees, it immediately triggers an illegal opening alarm. The carbon monoxide and methane detectors can promptly detect leaks of harmful gases underground, ensuring public safety.

[0062] Leveraging advanced NB-IoT wireless communication technology, the collected data can be quickly and stably transmitted to the backend intelligent management platform. On this platform, the status and alarm information of the manhole cover's location are displayed in an intuitive map format, allowing maintenance personnel to monitor the dynamic information of the manhole cover and its surrounding environment in real time. Simultaneously, the platform also possesses data analysis capabilities, enabling the mining and analysis of historical data to provide a scientific basis for the maintenance and management of urban infrastructure. For example, by analyzing the trend of changes in the tilt angle of the manhole cover, potential malfunctions can be predicted, allowing for advance maintenance scheduling and preventing accidents. This significantly improves the efficiency and level of urban infrastructure maintenance and management, reduces maintenance costs, and provides strong support for the sustainable development of the city. Whether it's manhole covers in the power, gas, water, or telecommunications sectors, our solutions can achieve intelligent management, improving the overall operational quality of urban infrastructure.

[0063] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0064] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to those processes, articles, or apparatus / devices.

[0066] The technical solution of this utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An environmental detector based on the Internet of Things, comprising a lower housing (103) and an upper housing (102), wherein a motherboard box (106) is provided at the top of the lower housing (103), and a component group (107) is provided inside the motherboard box (106), characterized in that: The motherboard box (106) has a cavity (202) on its rear side. The top of the cavity (202) has a cover plate (105). The front left side of the cover plate (105) has an air inlet (201). The rear side of the cavity (202) has a pump assembly. The bottom of the cover plate (105) has multiple reinforcing ribs (203) evenly arranged around it. The bottom inner side of the cavity (202) has multiple guide plates (208).

2. The environmental detector based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower housing (103) and the upper housing (102) are connected by round-head screws.

3. The IoT-based environmental detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the air inlet (201) passes through the cover plate (105) and the upper shell (102). A waterproof filter membrane (104) is provided on the top of the air inlet (201), and the waterproof filter membrane (104) is connected to the upper shell (102).

4. The environmental detector based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pump assembly includes an air pump (205), the front end of which is connected to the main board box (106), and a first connecting pipe (204) is provided on the top left side of the air pump (205). The top right side of the first connecting pipe (204) is connected to the cavity (202).

5. An environmental detector based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air pump (205) has a second connecting pipe (206) at the bottom left side, and an exhaust pipe (207) at the top of the second connecting pipe (206). The top of the exhaust pipe (207) penetrates the upper housing (102).

6. An environmental detector based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: A label (101) is provided on the top of the upper housing (102).

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