A fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow uniform distribution device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of fixed-bed desulfurization reactors and discloses a fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow equalization device. The reactor includes a reaction tank and an air inlet. The air inlet is installed at the top of the reaction tank, and an airflow equalization device is installed above the inside of the reaction tank. The airflow equalization device includes a set of conical caps fixed to the top of the reaction tank. The conical caps are correspondingly installed below the air inlet channel, with the air holes expanding downwards in a funnel shape. Below the conical caps, a flow-limiting plate and a honeycomb grid are arranged in sequence. This fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow equalization device can guide the flow, forming a uniformly distributed gas layer with consistent flow velocity. This gas then stably enters the fixed bed filled with desulfurizing agent for a complete reaction, thus achieving uniform airflow penetration inside the fixed bed. This solves the problem that gas easily forms high-speed jets that directly impact the reaction bed after entering the reactor, affecting the overall desulfurization efficiency and the service life of the packing material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fixed-bed desulfurization reactors, specifically a fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow uniform distribution device. Background Technology

[0002] Fixed-bed desulfurization reactors are typically used for the purification of sulfur-containing gases such as coal gas, natural gas, and biogas. Their main structure is a reaction tank filled with granular desulfurizing agent. After the gas enters the reactor through the inlet pipe, it undergoes chemical absorption or catalytic reaction with the desulfurizing agent to remove the sulfide components.

[0003] The existing reactors still use straight-through or one-way pipes for gas inlet. After entering the reactor, the gas is prone to form a high-speed jet that directly impacts the reaction bed, which in turn causes the "channel effect" or "flow deviation phenomenon". This results in low bed utilization, incomplete reaction, and some desulfurizing agents being idle for a long time and unable to participate in the reaction, affecting the overall desulfurization efficiency and the service life of the packing.

[0004] On the other hand, during long-term operation, the desulfurizing agent inside the reactor will gradually become ineffective and needs to be replaced or removed regularly. Problems such as particle adhesion, difficult-to-remove agglomerates, and serious residues exist, resulting not only in low efficiency but also increased maintenance workload.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow uniform distribution device to solve the above-mentioned technical defects. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow uniform distribution device to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the gas easily forms a high-speed jet after entering the reactor, directly impacting the reaction bed and affecting the overall desulfurization efficiency and the service life of the packing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow equalization device, comprising a reaction tank and an air inlet. The air inlet is installed at the top of the reaction tank, and an airflow equalization device is provided above the inside of the reaction tank. The airflow equalization device includes a set of conical caps fixed to the top of the inside of the reaction tank. The conical caps are correspondingly installed below the air inlet channel, and the air holes expand downward in a funnel shape. A flow-limiting plate and a honeycomb grid are arranged sequentially below the conical caps. The flow-limiting plate is installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the tank cover, and the honeycomb grid is installed below the tank cover. The central area of ​​the flow-limiting plate is an airflow blind zone, and small holes are evenly distributed on both sides. The honeycomb grid is a ceramic plate with honeycomb holes evenly arrayed inside.

[0008] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a grid support frame is fixed in the middle position inside the reaction vessel, and a fixed bed is filled inside the grid support frame. A vibration motor is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the reaction vessel, and the output shaft of the vibration motor is fixedly connected to the left side of the grid support frame.

[0009] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a connecting frame is movably connected to the bottom of the reaction vessel, and multiple sets of striking rods are fixed at the top of the connecting frame. The striking rods correspond one-to-one with the grid at the bottom of the grid support frame, and a sealing cover is installed at the center of the bottom of the reaction vessel.

[0010] As a further technical solution of this utility model, the outer wall of the striking rod is machined into a concave-convex surface.

[0011] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a cylindrical block is provided at the bottom of the connecting frame, and the cylindrical block at the bottom of the connecting frame is embedded in the sealing cover.

[0012] As a further technical solution of this utility model, a base is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the reaction tank, a cylinder is fixedly fixed at the center of the top end of the base, a pusher is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder, shock-absorbing feet are installed on both sides of the bottom end of the reaction tank, and wall grooves are opened on the side walls of the pusher, and the pusher moves within the wall grooves.

[0013] As a further technical solution of this utility model, the bottom of the reaction tank is provided with two sets of waste slag hoppers, each set of waste slag hoppers is equipped with a set of impellers, and the two sets of waste slag hoppers are symmetrically distributed about the sealing cover.

[0014] As a further technical solution of this utility model, an air outlet is provided on the right side of the outer wall of the reaction vessel, and a filter screen is installed at the air outlet.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: the fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device not only realizes the formation of a gas layer with uniform gas distribution and consistent flow rate, improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency and the space utilization and service life of the fixed bed, but also realizes the automatic crushing and removal of desulfurizing agent packing in the fixed bed.

[0016] (1) By setting up an airflow distribution device, the flow can be guided, and the gas forms a gas layer with uniform distribution and consistent flow rate. Finally, it enters the fixed bed filled with desulfurizing agent for full reaction, thereby achieving uniform airflow penetration inside the fixed bed, improving the desulfurization reaction efficiency and the space utilization and service life of the fixed bed.

[0017] (2) By setting up a grid support frame, connecting frame, striking rod, cylinder and vibration motor, the top + vibration cycle is repeatedly executed to realize the automatic crushing and removal of desulfurizing agent packing in the fixed bed, ensuring the complete discharge of the failed packing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flow-limiting plate of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the honeycomb grid of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the disassembly and assembly mechanism of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Reaction vessel; 2. Air inlet; 3. Conical cap; 4. Flow restrictor; 5. Tank cover; 6. Honeycomb grid; 7. Vibration motor; 8. Fixed bed; 9. Grid support frame; 10. Striking rod; 11. Air outlet; 12. Waste hopper; 13. Connecting frame; 14. Sealing cover; 15. Impeller; 16. Cylinder; 17. Vibration damping foot; 18. Base; 19. Push frame; 20. Wall groove; 21. Small hole; 22. Honeycomb hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-4 An embodiment of this utility model provides: a fixed-bed desulfurization reactor with an airflow equalization device, including a reaction tank 1 and an air inlet 2. The air inlet 2 is installed at the top of the reaction tank 1, and an airflow equalization device is provided in the upper part of the reaction tank 1. The airflow equalization device includes a set of conical caps 3 fixed to the top of the reaction tank 1. The conical caps 3 are installed below the air inlet 2 channel, and the air holes expand downward in a funnel shape. A flow limiting plate 4 and a honeycomb grid 6 are arranged in sequence below the conical caps 3. The flow limiting plate 4 is installed in the lower part of the inner wall of the tank cover 5, and the honeycomb grid 6 is installed below the tank cover 5. The central area of ​​the flow limiting plate 4 is an airflow blind zone, and small holes 21 are evenly distributed on both sides. The honeycomb grid 6 is a ceramic plate with honeycomb holes 22 evenly arrayed inside. A grid support frame 9 is fixed in the middle position inside the reaction tank 1, and a fixed bed 8 is filled in the grid support frame 9.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, after the gas enters at high speed from the inlet 2, it first passes through the conical cap 3 fixed to the top of the reaction vessel 1. The inner cavity of the conical cap 3 has a funnel-shaped downward expansion structure to buffer the high-speed gas intake and achieve initial diffusion. The gas then enters the flow-limiting plate 4 below. The center of the flow-limiting plate 4 is set as a blind zone to prevent the gas from concentrating and penetrating at high speed from the central area. Multiple small holes 21 are evenly distributed on both sides to further disperse the diffused gas flow into a stable microflow. Subsequently, the gas enters the honeycomb grid 6 below it. The honeycomb grid 6 is a porous ceramic structure with multiple honeycomb holes 22 evenly arrayed inside to further rectify, stabilize, and disperse turbulence, forming a gas layer with a uniform distribution and consistent flow rate. Finally, the gas enters the fixed bed 8 filled with desulfurizing agent for a full reaction, thereby achieving uniform gas flow penetration inside the fixed bed 8.

[0026] A connecting frame 13 is movably connected to the bottom of the reaction vessel 1. Multiple sets of striking rods 10 are fixed to the top of the connecting frame 13. The striking rods 10 correspond one-to-one with the grid at the bottom of the grid support frame 9. A sealing cover 14 is installed at the center of the bottom of the reaction vessel 1. The outer wall of the striking rods 10 is machined with a concave-convex surface. A cylindrical block is set at the bottom of the connecting frame 13. The cylindrical block at the bottom of the connecting frame 13 is embedded in the sealing cover 14. A base 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction vessel 1. A cylinder 16 is fixed at the center of the top of the base 18. A pusher 19 is fixedly connected upward to the piston rod of the cylinder 16. Shock-absorbing feet 17 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the reaction vessel 1. The side walls of the pusher 19 are provided with wall grooves 20. The pusher 19 moves within the wall grooves 20.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixed bed 8 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inside of the reaction tank 1 by a grid support frame 9. The grid support frame 9 is reinforced with welded ribs along the inner wall of the tank to ensure that the fixed bed 8 remains stable and does not deform. After the reaction has been running for a period of time, if it is necessary to replace the failed desulfurizing agent filler, first open the sealing cover 14, and then start the cylinder 16. The cylinder 16 is a model MGPM32-150Z. Its piston rod extends upward and pushes the connecting frame 13 to the top. Multiple striking rods 10 fixed at the top of the connecting frame 13 pass vertically through the grid holes at the bottom of the grid support frame 9. The outer wall of the striking rods 10 is processed with a concave-convex surface. Compared with the traditional smooth round rod structure, it can increase the friction and contact interference between the bottom filler of the fixed bed 8 during the upward process, apply more impact force to the desulfurizing agent particles, and make the filler particles more likely to loosen, crack and delaminate, pressing down the lower particles of the fixed bed 8.

[0028] A vibration motor 7 is fixedly mounted on the left side wall of the reaction vessel 1, and the output shaft of the vibration motor 7 is fixedly connected to the left side of the grid support 9.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, due to the slight sintering and residual adhesion of the packing structure, it gradually peels and breaks down under the top pressure. Then, the cylinder 16 resets and falls back, while the vibration motor 7 is started. The vibration motor 7 is a YZO-20-6 high-frequency vibrating motor. Through mechanical vibration, the particles are broken and fall to the bottom waste hopper 12. The top-down + vibration cycle is repeatedly executed, which can effectively achieve the complete discharge of the failed packing and ensure that the internal reaction zone is clean and free of residue. In order to ensure that the vibration motor 7 will not cause rigid impact damage to the grid support frame 9 and the fixed bed 8 during operation, a flexible buffer component is set at the contact position between the grid support frame 9 and the reaction tank 1. It can be a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber gasket or a metal spring structure, which has good vibration absorption and deformation rebound capabilities and can reduce the impact intensity. At the same time, the shock-absorbing foot 17 is a rubber core or damping block, which can absorb resonance. The reaction gas enters through the air inlet 2, is treated and discharged through the air outlet 11. The air outlet 11 channel is equipped with a filter screen to intercept residual particulate dust and avoid blockage.

[0030] Two sets of waste slag hoppers 12 are provided at the bottom of the reaction vessel 1. Each set of waste slag hoppers 12 is equipped with a set of impellers 15. The two sets of waste slag hoppers 12 are symmetrically distributed about the sealing cover 14. An air outlet 11 is provided on the right side of the outer wall of the reaction vessel 1. A filter screen is installed at the air outlet 11.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the failed fixed bed 8 gradually loosens under the action of multi-wheel top pressure and vibration motor 7, and falls into the waste slag hopper 12 set below through the bottom hole of the grid support frame 9. The waste slag hopper 12 is equipped with an impeller 15, which is located at the bottom of the waste slag hopper 12. Its rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the motor. The motor is a small power high-speed asynchronous motor of model YE2-63M1-2. After being powered on, the motor drives the impeller 15 to rotate at high speed. The blades of the impeller 15 can continuously stir the desulfurizing agent particles that have fallen into it, so as to avoid the particles from accumulating in large quantities in a short period of time to form dead corners or clumps.

[0032] The computer software involved in the vibration motor 7 carrier in the technical solution is software technology known to those skilled in the art; it is merely applied to the aforementioned hardware carrier. In other words, the computer software portion of the technical solution is an essential technical feature for solving the aforementioned technical problem, constituting a necessary technical feature for the technical problem solved by this application, but it is not a differentiating technical feature or a point of technical improvement. The applicant has not made any technical improvements to the computer software portion involved in the aforementioned related hardware carrier, nor is it a key technical point of the invention.

[0033] Therefore, the "impeller 15", "cylinder 16", etc. involved in this application are all physical functional modules that combine computer software programs or protocols in the prior art with the hardware carrier of this application. The computer software programs involved in these physical functional modules are all technologies known to those skilled in the art and are not improvements of this application. The improvement of this application should be the interaction relationship between the various physical functional modules, that is, the improvement of the overall structure of this application, in order to solve the corresponding technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0034] Working principle: After the gas enters at high speed through the inlet 2, it first passes through the conical cap 3 fixed to the top of the reaction tank 1 to buffer the high-speed gas intake and achieve initial diffusion. The gas then enters the flow-limiting plate 4 below, which further disperses the diffused gas flow into a stable microflow. Subsequently, the gas enters the honeycomb grid 6 below it for further rectification, pressure stabilization, and turbulence dispersal, forming a uniformly distributed gas layer with consistent flow velocity. Finally, the gas enters the fixed bed 8 filled with desulfurizing agent for full reaction. After the reaction has been running for a period of time, if it is necessary to replace the failed desulfurizing agent packing, first open the sealing cover 14, then start the cylinder 16. Its piston rod extends upward, and multiple striking rods 10 pass vertically through the grid channels at the bottom of the grid support frame 9, pressing and fixing it. The lower layer of particles in bed 8 makes the packing particles easier to loosen, crack, and delaminate. Then, cylinder 16 returns to its original position and falls back down. At the same time, vibration motor 7 is started, and the particles are broken by mechanical vibration and fall into the bottom waste slag hopper 12. Repeated top-down + vibration cycle can effectively achieve the complete discharge of the failed packing. The reaction gas enters through inlet 2, is treated and discharged through outlet 11. The outlet 11 channel is equipped with a filter screen to intercept residual particulate dust and avoid blockage. The waste slag hopper 12 is equipped with an impeller 15, which is located at the bottom of the waste slag hopper 12. The motor drives the impeller 15 to rotate at high speed. The blades of the impeller 15 can continuously stir the desulfurizing agent particles that have fallen into it, so as to avoid the particles from accumulating in large quantities in a short time to form dead corners or clumps.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fixed bed desulfurization reactor with air flow uniform distribution device, comprising a reaction tank (1) and a gas inlet (2), characterized in that: An air inlet (2) is installed at the top of the reaction vessel (1), and an airflow distribution device is provided inside the upper part of the reaction vessel (1); The airflow distribution device includes a set of conical caps (3) fixed to the top of the reaction vessel (1). The conical caps (3) are installed below the air inlet (2) channel, and the air holes expand downward in a trumpet shape. Below the conical caps (3), a flow limiting plate (4) and a honeycomb grid (6) are arranged in sequence. The flow limiting plate (4) is installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the tank cover (5), and the honeycomb grid (6) is installed below the tank cover (5). The central area of ​​the flow limiting plate (4) is an airflow blind zone, and small holes (21) are evenly distributed on both sides. The honeycomb grid (6) is a ceramic plate with honeycomb holes (22) evenly arranged inside.

2. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grid support frame (9) is fixed in the middle of the interior of the reaction vessel (1). A fixed bed (8) is filled inside the grid support frame (9). A vibration motor (7) is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the reaction vessel (1). The output shaft of the vibration motor (7) is fixedly connected to the left side of the grid support frame (9).

3. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction vessel (1) is movably connected to the bottom of the inner end of the connecting frame (13). The top of the connecting frame (13) is fixed with multiple sets of striking rods (10). The striking rods (10) correspond one-to-one with the bottom grid of the grid support frame (9). A sealing cover (14) is installed at the center of the bottom end of the reaction vessel (1).

4. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the striking rod (10) is machined to have a concave-convex surface.

5. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cylindrical block is provided at the bottom of the connecting frame (13), and the cylindrical block at the bottom of the connecting frame (13) is embedded in the sealing cover (14).

6. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction vessel (1) is fixedly connected to a base (18) at the bottom end. A cylinder (16) is fixed at the center of the top of the base (18). A pusher (19) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder (16) upward. Shock-absorbing feet (17) are installed on both sides of the bottom end of the reaction vessel (1). A wall groove (20) is opened on the side wall of the pusher (19). The pusher (19) moves within the wall groove (20).

7. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction vessel (1) is provided with two sets of waste slag hoppers (12) at the bottom. Each set of waste slag hoppers (12) is equipped with a set of impellers (15). The two sets of waste slag hoppers (12) are symmetrically distributed about the sealing cover (14).

8. The fixed bed desulfurization reactor with airflow uniform distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction vessel (1) has an outlet (11) on the right side of its outer wall, and a filter screen is installed at the outlet (11).

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