A spherical machining self-centering process equipment

Abstract

This utility model discloses a self-centering ball-shaped machining process equipment, including a chuck with a central hole and jaws on its end face. A spring mechanism is installed within the central hole of the chuck to support the rear end face of a ball plunger. It also includes a positioning sleeve with a first countersunk hole, a second countersunk hole at the bottom of the first countersunk hole, and a third through hole at the bottom of the second countersunk hole. The first countersunk hole is used for positioning with the outer wall of the ball plunger; the second countersunk hole is used for radial positioning with the ball head of the ball plunger; the third through hole has a tapered positioning surface at one end near the second countersunk hole, which is used for axial positioning with the ball head of the ball plunger; the positioning sleeve can be fitted and positioned against the end face of the jaws furthest from the chuck. This utility model directly utilizes the ball center of the ball plunger for positioning, achieving simple, fast, and efficient clamping and positioning, ensuring stable spherical quality, significantly increasing production efficiency, and greatly improving economic efficiency and scalability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, specifically to a process equipment for machining spherical surfaces with a self-determined sphere center. Background Technology

[0002] In the structure of a hydraulic axial piston pump, the piston is an important component, and the piston has the following characteristics: Figure 1 The ball-head plunger structure shown typically involves machining the spherical surface using turning or generating grinding. To achieve high hardness and uniformity across the entire spherical surface, the machining amount needs to be uniform. However, when using the rear end face of the plunger for positioning, deviations in the center distance can cause uneven machining amounts in the front and rear directions of the entire spherical surface. This results in excessively large and unstable differences in spherical surface hardness, leading to a large number of defective products. This significantly increases the overall part manufacturing cost and reduces economic benefits.

[0003] Publication No. CN205765390U discloses a fixture for grinding the spherical surface of a plunger in a hydraulic slant-shaft motor. The fixture includes a positioning sleeve, coaxially disposed on the outer side of the plunger's outer conical surface. One end of the positioning sleeve is located inside a base, and the other end is fixed to the base by a locking nut. The positioning sleeve has a tapered hole inside that matches the outer conical surface of the plunger, ensuring the plunger's positioning.

[0004] The existing technology uses the rear end face of the ball plunger for positioning, but this positioning method has the problem of large ball center deviation, which easily leads to uneven machining in the front and back directions of the ball, resulting in a large number of defective products.

[0005] In summary, the technical solutions, technical problems to be solved, and beneficial effects of the above-disclosed technologies are all different from those of this utility model. For more technical features, technical problems to be solved, and beneficial effects of this utility model, the above-disclosed technical documents do not provide any technical inspiration. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a process equipment for automatically determining the center of a sphere in spherical processing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A spherical machining self-centering process equipment includes a chuck with a central hole and at least three jaws evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the central hole. The center of each jaw has a clamping hole. The equipment also includes a spring mechanism and a positioning sleeve. The spring mechanism is located within the central hole of the chuck and is used to support the rear end face of a ball plunger. The positioning sleeve has a first countersunk hole, a second countersunk hole at the bottom of the first countersunk hole, and a third through hole at the bottom of the second countersunk hole. The first, second, and third countersunk holes are coaxial. The first countersunk hole is used for positioning and fitting with the outer wall of the ball plunger. The second countersunk hole is used for radial positioning of the ball head of the ball plunger. The third through hole has a tapered positioning surface at one end near the second countersunk hole, which is used for axial positioning of the ball head of the ball plunger. The end face of the positioning sleeve away from the third through hole is a positioning plane, which can be fitted and positioned against the end face of the jaws away from the chuck.

[0009] Furthermore, the clearance between the first countersunk hole of the positioning sleeve and the outer wall of the ball-head plunger is 0.02 mm;

[0010] Specifically, the clearance between the second countersunk hole of the positioning sleeve and the ball head of the ball plunger is 0.1 mm;

[0011] Specifically, the conical positioning surface is designed to be 140 degrees.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic mechanism includes a positioning block and a spring. A positioning step is provided in the center hole of the chuck. The positioning block is locked at the positioning step. The spring is disposed between the positioning block and the chuck jaw. The positioning block uses an axial positioning mechanism to position the spring at the center of the center hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the axial positioning mechanism is a positioning rod, with the positioning rod located at the center of one end of the positioning block near the chuck, and the rear end of the spring sleeved on the positioning rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the spring is a rectangular cross-section spring.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] This invention utilizes conventional machine tool accessories during continuous processing, directly using the ball center of the ball plunger for positioning. This achieves simple, fast, and efficient clamping and positioning, while simultaneously providing axial and radial positioning for the ball plunger. This ensures uniformity in the amount of material processed and the uniformity in hardness of the spherical surface, guaranteeing stable spherical quality, significantly increasing production efficiency, and greatly enhancing its economic viability and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the ball-head plunger.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spherical surface processing equipment with a self-determined sphere center according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning block in this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Chuck, 2-Bolt, 3-Claw, 4-Positioning sleeve, 41-First countersunk hole, 42-Second countersunk hole, 43-Third through hole, 5-Ball plunger, 6-Spring, 7-Positioning block, 8-T-shaped guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a spherical surface machining self-centering process equipment, including a chuck 1, a positioning sleeve 4, and a spring mechanism. The chuck 1 has a central hole, and at least three jaws 3 are provided on the end face of the chuck 1. The at least three jaws 3 are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the central hole, and the center of each jaw 3 is a clamping hole, which coincides with the axis of the central hole. A spring mechanism is provided in the central hole of the chuck 1, and the spring mechanism is used to support the rear end face of the ball head plunger 5. The positioning sleeve 4 has a first countersunk hole 41, and a second countersunk hole 42 is provided at the bottom of the first countersunk hole 42. The bottom of the second countersunk hole 43 is provided with a third through hole 43. The first countersunk hole 42, the second countersunk hole 42, and the third through hole 43 are coaxial. The first countersunk hole 41 is used to fit and position with the outer wall of the ball plunger 5. The second countersunk hole 42 is used to radially position with the ball head of the ball plunger 5. The third through hole 43 is provided with a tapered positioning surface at one end near the second countersunk hole 42. The tapered positioning surface is used to axially position with the ball head of the ball plunger 5. The end face of the positioning sleeve 4 away from the third through hole 43 is a positioning plane. The positioning plane can fit and position with the end face of the chuck 3 away from the chuck 1.

[0025] In use, insert the plunger of the ball head plunger 5 into the clamping hole, make the rear end face of the ball head plunger 5 contact with the elastic positioning mechanism, put the positioning sleeve 4 on the outside of the ball head, press the positioning sleeve 4 so that the positioning plane of the positioning sleeve 4 contacts the end face of the chuck 3, and then make the chuck 3 lock the outer wall of the plunger, thus completing the ball center positioning of the ball head plunger 5, so that subsequent processing can ensure high hardness and uniformity of the ball surface.

[0026] The positioning sleeve 4 has a positioning plane that contacts the end face of the chuck 3, serving as a reference point 0 to ensure consistent axial positioning. The first countersunk hole 41 of the positioning sleeve 4 has a clearance of 0.02mm between it and the outer wall of the ball-end plunger 5, providing precise positioning for the plunger. The second countersunk hole 42 of the positioning sleeve 4 has a clearance of 0.10mm between it and the ball head of the ball-end plunger 5, providing auxiliary guidance for the plunger and also serving to check the quality of the ball head's previous machining. The tapered positioning surface of the positioning sleeve 4 contacts the ball head, using the center of the sphere as a positioning reference. The tapered positioning surface is designed at 140 degrees to reduce positioning errors caused by differences in the ball head's diameter. The third through hole of the positioning sleeve 4 serves as a vent, balancing the internal and external pressures of the positioning sleeve 4 and allowing it to fit smoothly onto the ball head.

[0027] The end face of the chuck 3 contacts the positioning plane of the positioning sleeve 4 to determine the axial reference point 0, and the clamping hole of the chuck 3 contacts the outer circle of the plunger to clamp the plunger.

[0028] Specifically, the chuck 1 and the jaw 3 are connected by a T-slot, a T-rail 8, and bolts 2, which is existing technology and is known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0029] Furthermore, the elastic mechanism includes a positioning block 7 and a spring 6. A positioning step is provided in the center hole of the chuck 1. The positioning block 7 is engaged at the positioning step. The spring 6 is disposed between the positioning block 7 and the chuck 3. The positioning block 7 uses an axial positioning mechanism to position the spring 6 at the center of the center hole.

[0030] Specifically, the axial positioning mechanism is a positioning rod. The positioning rod is set at the center of one end of the positioning block 7 near the chuck 3, and the rear end of the spring 6 is sleeved on the positioning rod. In use, one end of the spring 6 contacts the end face of the positioning block 7, and the other end contacts the rear end face of the ball plunger 5. The ball plunger 5 compresses the spring 6 to store energy. When the processing is completed and the chuck 3 is engaged, the external force disappears and the spring 6 returns to its original shape. The spring 6 causes the ball plunger 5 to pop out, making it easy to remove the ball plunger 5. The compressibility of the spring 6 makes it easy to adapt to ball plungers 5 of different lengths.

[0031] The chuck 1 has a central hole that cooperates with the positioning block 7 to achieve positioning and support of the positioning block 7. The chuck 1 cooperates with the jaws 3 to achieve clamping of the plunger and radial centering.

[0032] Preferably, the spring 6 is a rectangular cross-section spring, so that the end of the spring 6 has a large contact surface, which facilitates contact with the rear end face of the ball plunger 5.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] Based on Example 1, this example provides a method for using a self-determining sphere center machining process equipment, including the following steps:

[0035] Insert the plunger of ball head plunger 5 into the clamping hole, make the rear end face of ball head plunger 5 contact with spring 6, put positioning sleeve 4 on the outside of ball head, press positioning sleeve 4 so that positioning plane of positioning sleeve 4 contacts end face of clasp 3, determine axial reference 0 point, spring 6 is compressed to store energy, and then clasp 3 locks the outer wall of plunger, thus completing the ball center positioning of ball head plunger 5, so that subsequent processing can ensure high hardness and uniformity of ball surface.

[0036] After the machining is completed, the clamping jaw 3 is released, the spring 6 returns to its original position, and the ball head plunger 5 pops out.

[0037] When installing the positioning sleeve 4, the second countersunk hole 42 mates with the ball head of the ball head plunger 5. If the ball head machining dimensions are not up to standard, it cannot be fitted, thus achieving the function of quality inspection.

[0038] All components not discussed in detail in this application, as well as the connection methods of these components, are well-known technologies in this field. They can be directly applied and will not be elaborated further.

[0039] In this utility model, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A self-centering process equipment for spherical machining, comprising a chuck, the chuck is provided with a center hole, an end face of the chuck is provided with at least three clamping claws, the at least three clamping claws are uniformly distributed in the outer periphery of the center hole, and the center of the at least three clamping claws is a clamping hole, characterized in that, It also includes elastic mechanisms and positioning sleeves; A spring mechanism is provided in the center hole of the chuck, and the spring mechanism is used to support the rear end face of the ball plunger; The positioning sleeve is provided with a first countersunk hole, a second countersunk hole is provided at the bottom of the first countersunk hole, and a third through hole is provided at the bottom of the second countersunk hole. The first countersunk hole, the second countersunk hole, and the third through hole are coaxial. The first countersunk hole is used for positioning and fitting with the outer wall of the ball-head plunger; The second countersunk hole is used for radial positioning of the ball head of the ball plunger; The third through hole has a tapered positioning surface at one end near the second countersunk hole. The tapered positioning surface is used for axial positioning of the ball head of the ball plunger. The end face of the positioning sleeve away from the third through hole is a positioning plane, which can fit and position itself against the end face of the jaw away from the chuck.

2. A process equipment for spherical machining of self-centering ball center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clearance between the first countersunk hole of the positioning sleeve and the outer wall of the ball-head plunger is 0.02 mm. The clearance between the second countersunk hole of the positioning sleeve and the ball head of the ball plunger is 0.1 mm; The conical positioning surface is designed to be 140 degrees.

3. A process equipment for spherical machining of self-centering ball center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic mechanism includes a positioning block and a spring. A positioning step is provided in the center hole of the chuck. The positioning block is locked at the positioning step. The spring is disposed between the positioning block and the chuck jaw. The positioning block uses an axial positioning mechanism to position the spring at the center of the center hole.

4. A process equipment for spherical machining of self-centering ball center according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axial positioning mechanism is a positioning rod. The positioning rod is set at the center of the end of the positioning block near the chuck, and the rear end of the spring is sleeved on the positioning rod.

5. A process equipment for spherical machining of self-centering ball center according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spring is a rectangular cross-section spring.

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