A central cooling system for ships suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions and the ship itself.

Abstract

This utility model discloses a marine central cooling system and vessel suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions. It includes a cooling seawater pump, a cooling freshwater pump, a central cooler, a freshwater circulation pipeline, water-cooled electromechanical equipment, and a secondary heat exchange module. The central cooler, cooling freshwater pump, and water-cooled electromechanical equipment are installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline. A first regulating valve is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline between the cooling freshwater pump and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment. The freshwater inlet of the secondary heat exchange module is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline upstream of the first regulating valve, and the freshwater outlet of the secondary heat exchange module is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline downstream of the first regulating valve. This utility model employs a two-stage cooling method, which not only stabilizes the temperature of the cooling freshwater flowing into the water-cooled electromechanical equipment at 36°C, ensuring the normal operation of the central cooling water system under complex seawater temperature conditions, but also reduces the cooling load requirements and system power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of marine central cooling systems, specifically to a marine central cooling system and a ship suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional shipboard central cooling water systems are typically designed for an outboard seawater temperature of 32°C. This means that after the ship's central cooling freshwater cools the ship's water-cooled mechanical and electrical equipment (the temperature of the cooling freshwater flowing out of the ship's mechanical and electrical equipment is 43°C), it is cooled to the required temperature of 36°C by outboard seawater in the central cooler and then circulates in a closed loop. As long as the seawater temperature does not exceed 32°C, the entire central cooling system can operate normally, ensuring the normal operation of the ship's mechanical and electrical equipment.

[0003] When ships sail or operate for extended periods in tropical waters near the equator, the local seawater temperature can reach as high as 40°C. Existing central cooling systems are unable to reduce the temperature of the cooling freshwater to 36°C. In severe cases, the temperature of the cooling freshwater may even exceed the alarm value of the mechanical and electrical equipment, leading to equipment shutdown and affecting the normal operation of the ship.

[0004] To address the cooling challenges of ships in extremely high ambient water temperatures, existing vessels generally employ either direct seawater cooling or direct freshwater cooling. Direct seawater cooling involves adding a chiller heat exchange system to the external seawater intake manifold. This system requires cooling the seawater from 40°C to 32°C, resulting in a large cooling load, significant energy waste, and high system power consumption due to the need to consume seawater or freshwater for the chiller's own cooling. Direct freshwater cooling involves adding a chiller heat exchange system to the central cooling freshwater circulation manifold. This system requires cooling the freshwater from 43°C to 36°C, also resulting in a large cooling load and high system power consumption due to the need to consume freshwater for the chiller's own cooling.

[0005] Therefore, how to maintain the water temperature of the ship's closed-loop freshwater cooling system at 36°C under complex seawater temperature conditions, while reducing the cooling load requirements and system power consumption, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions, so that the central cooling water system can maintain the water temperature of the ship's closed-loop freshwater cooling system at 36°C under complex environmental seawater temperature conditions.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: a ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions, comprising: a cooling seawater pump, a cooling freshwater pump, a central cooler, a freshwater circulation pipeline, water-cooled electromechanical equipment, a marine chiller unit, and a secondary heat exchange module. The central cooler, cooling freshwater pump, and water-cooled electromechanical equipment are installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline. The seawater inlet of the central cooler is connected to the seawater inlet pipe, and the cooling seawater pump is installed on the seawater inlet pipe. A first regulating valve is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline between the cooling freshwater pump and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment. The freshwater inlet of the secondary heat exchange module is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline upstream of the first regulating valve, and the freshwater outlet of the secondary heat exchange module is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline downstream of the first regulating valve. The refrigerant outlet of the marine chiller unit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the secondary heat exchange module, and the refrigerant outlet of the secondary heat exchange module is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the marine chiller unit.

[0008] Preferably, the secondary heat exchange module includes a cooling freshwater heat exchanger and a refrigerant pump. The freshwater inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline upstream of the first regulating valve via a freshwater inlet pipe. A second regulating valve is installed on the freshwater inlet pipe. The freshwater outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline downstream of the first regulating valve via a freshwater return pipe. A third regulating valve is installed on the freshwater return pipe. The refrigerant outlet of the marine chiller unit is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger via a refrigerant outlet pipe. The refrigerant outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the marine chiller unit via a refrigerant return pipe. The refrigerant pump is installed on the refrigerant outlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the marine chiller unit includes a condenser, a compressor, and an evaporator. The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger via a refrigerant return pipe, and the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger via a refrigerant outflow pipe. The condensate outlet of the evaporator is connected to the air inlet of the compressor via a pipeline, the air outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the condenser via a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the condenser is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator via a pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the seawater outlet of the central cooler is connected to a seawater discharge pipe, a shut-off valve is installed on the seawater discharge pipe, the condensate inlet of the condenser is connected to the seawater discharge pipe upstream of the shut-off valve through a seawater inlet pipe, and the condensate outlet of the condenser is connected to the seawater discharge pipe downstream of the shut-off valve through a seawater outlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a temperature control valve is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline between the central cooler and the cooling freshwater pump.

[0012] Preferably, a fresh water connecting pipe is connected in parallel on one side of the central cooler, one end of the fresh water connecting pipe is connected to the fresh water circulation pipe on the upstream side of the central cooler, and the other end of the fresh water connecting pipe is connected to the temperature control valve.

[0013] Preferably, the marine chiller unit is a screw compressor condensing chiller unit.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a ship, including the aforementioned ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention employs a two-stage cooling system. A first regulating valve is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline between the water-cooled electromechanical equipment and the cooling freshwater pump. The secondary heat exchange module is connected in parallel with the first regulating valve through the pipeline. Refrigerant is supplied to the secondary heat exchange module through a marine chiller unit. By controlling the opening of the first regulating valve, the cooling freshwater pumped out by the cooling freshwater pump can flow into the secondary heat exchange module for secondary cooling. This ensures that the temperature of the cooling freshwater flowing into the water-cooled electromechanical equipment is stabilized at 36°C, effectively guaranteeing the normal operation of the central cooling water system under complex seawater temperature conditions, and reducing the cooling load requirements and system power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ship's central cooling system, which is applicable to complex environmental water temperature conditions according to this utility model.

[0018] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure:

[0019] 1. Cooling seawater pump; 2. Cooling freshwater pump; 3. Central cooler; 4. Freshwater circulation pipeline; 5. Water-cooled electromechanical equipment; 6. Marine chiller unit; 6a. Condenser; 6b. Compressor; 6c. Evaporator; 7. Secondary heat exchange module; 7a. Cooling freshwater heat exchanger; 7b. Refrigerant water pump; 8. Seawater inlet pipe; 9. Engine room seawater tank; 10. First regulating valve; 11. Freshwater inlet pipe; 12. Second regulating valve; 13. Freshwater return pipe; 14. Third regulating valve; 15. Refrigerant outlet pipe; 16. Refrigerant return pipe; 17. Seawater outlet pipe; 18. Shut-off valve; 19. Seawater inlet pipe; 20. Seawater outlet pipe; 21. Thermostatic valve; 22. Freshwater connecting pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to illustrate this utility model and are not intended to limit it.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0024] Examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, a ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions is provided. The ship central cooling system includes: a cooling seawater pump 1, a cooling freshwater pump 2, a central cooler 3, a freshwater circulation pipeline 4, water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5, a marine chiller unit 6, and a secondary heat exchange module 7.

[0025] The central cooler 3, the cooling freshwater pump 2, and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 are connected in series on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4. The seawater inlet of the central cooler 3 is connected to the seawater inlet pipe 8. The cooling seawater pump 1 is installed on the seawater inlet pipe 8 to allow seawater to flow into the central cooler 3.

[0026] The cooling freshwater pump 2 is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 between the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 (the electromechanical equipment on the ship that requires freshwater for cooling) and the central cooler 3. A first regulating valve 10 is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 between the cooling freshwater pump 2 and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5. The flow rate and direction of the cooling freshwater in the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 can be controlled by controlling the opening of the first regulating valve 10.

[0027] The freshwater inlet of the secondary heat exchange module 7 is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 upstream of the first regulating valve 10, and the freshwater outlet of the secondary heat exchange module 7 is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 downstream of the first regulating valve 10, so that by adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve 10, the cooling freshwater pumped by the cooling freshwater pump 2 can flow into the secondary heat exchange module 7 for secondary cooling.

[0028] The refrigerant outlet of the marine chiller unit 6 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the secondary heat exchange module 7, and the refrigerant outlet of the secondary heat exchange module 7 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the marine chiller unit 6.

[0029] This invention employs a two-stage cooling system. A first regulating valve 10 is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 between the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 and the cooling freshwater pump 2. The secondary heat exchange module 7 is connected in parallel with the first regulating valve 10 through the pipeline, and refrigerant is supplied to the secondary heat exchange module 7 through the marine chiller unit 6. By controlling the opening of the first regulating valve 10, the cooling freshwater pumped by the cooling freshwater pump 2 can flow into the secondary heat exchange module 7 for secondary cooling, thereby stabilizing the temperature of the cooling freshwater flowing into the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 at 36°C. This effectively ensures the normal operation of the central cooling water system under complex seawater temperature conditions and reduces the cooling load requirements and system power consumption.

[0030] Specific embodiment 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, a ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions is provided. The ship central cooling system includes: a cooling seawater pump 1, a cooling freshwater pump 2, a central cooler 3, a freshwater circulation pipeline 4, water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5, a marine chiller unit 6, a secondary heat exchange module 7, a seawater inlet pipe 8, and an engine room seawater tank 9.

[0031] The central cooler 3, the cooling freshwater pump 2, and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 are connected in series on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 along the flow direction of the cooling freshwater, and the cooling freshwater pump 2 is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 between the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 and the central cooler 3; the seawater inlet of the central cooler 3 is connected to one end of the seawater inlet pipe 8, and the other end of the seawater inlet pipe 8 is connected to the engine room seawater tank 9; the cooling seawater pump 1 is installed on the seawater inlet pipe 8 so that the seawater from outside the ship flows into the central cooler 3 for the initial cooling of the cooling freshwater in the central cooler 3.

[0032] The seawater outlet of the central cooler 3 is connected to the seawater discharge pipe 17 to discharge the seawater after heat exchange into the sea.

[0033] A first regulating valve 10 is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 between the cooling freshwater pump 2 and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5. The opening of the first regulating valve 10 can be adjusted so that the flow rate and direction of the cooling freshwater in the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 can be controlled by controlling the opening of the first regulating valve 10. That is, the flow rate of the cooling freshwater pump 2 directly to the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 and the flow rate to the secondary heat exchange module 7 can be controlled by the opening of the first regulating valve 10.

[0034] The secondary heat exchange module 7 includes a cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a and a refrigerant water pump 7b. The freshwater inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 upstream of the first regulating valve 10 through a freshwater inlet pipe 11. That is, the freshwater inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a is connected to one end of the freshwater inlet pipe 11, and the other end of the freshwater inlet pipe 11 is connected to the inlet of the first regulating valve 10. A second regulating valve 12 is installed on the freshwater inlet pipe 11, and the opening of the second regulating valve 12 can be adjusted. The freshwater outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 downstream of the first regulating valve 10 via the freshwater return pipe 13. That is, the freshwater outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a is connected to one end of the freshwater return pipe 13, and the other end of the freshwater return pipe 13 is connected to the outlet of the first regulating valve 10. A third regulating valve 14 is installed on the freshwater return pipe 13, and the opening of the third regulating valve 14 can be adjusted.

[0035] The refrigerant outlet of the marine chiller unit 6 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a via a refrigerant outlet pipe 15. The refrigerant outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the marine chiller unit 6 via a refrigerant return pipe 16. The refrigerant water pump 7b is installed on the refrigerant outlet pipe 15 and is used to perform secondary cooling on the cooling freshwater flowing into the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a, thereby stabilizing the temperature of the cooling freshwater flowing into the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 at 36°C.

[0036] Specifically, the marine chiller unit 6 includes a condenser 6a, a compressor 6b, and an evaporator 6c. The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 6c is connected to one end of a refrigerant return pipe 16, and the other end of the refrigerant return pipe 16 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of a cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a. The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 6c is connected to one end of a refrigerant outlet pipe 15, and the other end of the refrigerant outlet pipe 15 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a. A refrigerant water pump 7b is installed on the refrigerant outlet pipe 15 to allow the refrigerant to circulate between the evaporator 6c and the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a. The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 6c is connected to the air inlet of the compressor 6b via a pipeline, the air outlet of the compressor 6b is connected to the air inlet of the condenser 6a via a pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the condenser 6a is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator 6c via a pipeline.

[0037] The ship's chiller unit 6 is a screw compressor condensing chiller unit.

[0038] Preferably, a shut-off valve 18 is installed on the seawater discharge pipe 17. The condensate inlet of the condenser 6a is connected to the seawater discharge pipe 17 upstream of the shut-off valve 18 via a seawater inlet pipe 19, and the condensate outlet of the condenser 6a is connected to the seawater discharge pipe 17 downstream of the shut-off valve 18 via a seawater outlet pipe 20. That is, the condensate inlet of the condenser 6a is connected to one end of the seawater inlet pipe 19, and the other end of the seawater inlet pipe 19 is connected to the seawater inlet of the shut-off valve 18. The condensate outlet of the condenser 6a is connected to one end of the seawater outlet pipe 20, and the other end of the seawater outlet pipe 20 is connected to the seawater outlet of the shut-off valve 18, so that the seawater after heat exchange in the central cooler 3 can flow into the condenser 6a to cool the refrigerant in the condenser 6a.

[0039] More preferably, a temperature control valve 21 is installed on the fresh water circulation pipeline 4 between the central cooler 3 and the cooling fresh water pump 2. That is, the first fresh water inlet of the temperature control valve 21 is connected to the fresh water outlet of the central cooler 3 through the pipeline, and the fresh water outlet of the temperature control valve 21 is connected to the fresh water inlet of the cooling fresh water pump 2 through the pipeline.

[0040] There are two central coolers 3, which are connected in parallel on the freshwater circulation pipe 4. A freshwater connecting pipe 22 is connected in parallel on one side of the central cooler 3. One end of the freshwater connecting pipe 22 is connected to the freshwater circulation pipe 4 upstream of the central cooler 3, and the other end of the freshwater connecting pipe 22 is connected to the thermostatic valve 21. That is, one end of the freshwater connecting pipe 22 is connected to the freshwater inlet of the central cooler 3, and the other end of the freshwater connecting pipe 22 is connected to the second freshwater inlet of the thermostatic valve 21.

[0041] An example is a ship that includes the aforementioned ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions.

[0042] The working process of the ship's central cooling system for complex environmental water temperature conditions according to this invention is as follows:

[0043] When the ambient water temperature is not higher than 32℃

[0044] After passing through the cooling water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5, the closed-loop central cooling freshwater reaches a temperature of approximately 43°C (determined based on heat balance calculations). The freshwater then exchanges heat with seawater supplied by the cooling seawater pump 1 at a temperature of 32°C or lower in the central cooler 3. The cooled freshwater temperature is controlled by the temperature control valve 21 and maintained at 36°C during circulation. Under this operating condition, the additional marine chiller unit 6 is not operational.

[0045] When the ambient water temperature is 40℃

[0046] When the ambient seawater temperature reaches 40°C, the marine chiller unit 6 and the secondary heat exchange module 7 need to be started to provide additional cooling to the central cooling freshwater. This keeps the cooling water inlet temperature of the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 at 36°C. At this time, the temperature of the cooling freshwater flowing out of the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 is still about 43°C. The cooling freshwater can still exchange some heat with the 40°C seawater supplied by the cooling seawater pump 1 in the central cooler 3 (primary heat exchange). The temperature of the cooling freshwater after the primary heat exchange is about 41°C.

[0047] By closing the first regulating valve 10 between the cooling freshwater pump 2 and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5, and opening the second regulating valve 12 and the third regulating valve 14 to the secondary heat exchange module 7, the 41°C cooling freshwater enters the cooling freshwater heat exchanger 7a in the secondary heat exchange module 7. The cooling freshwater exchanges heat with the refrigerant provided by the marine chiller unit 6, causing the temperature of the cooling freshwater to drop to 36°C. Then, it returns to the cooling water inlet of the water-cooled electromechanical equipment 5 for cooling circulation.

[0048] This mode only requires a 5°C temperature drop in the central cooling freshwater, resulting in the lowest total additional cooling load and the most economical system.

[0049] The refrigerant and condenser 6a in the marine chiller unit 6 adopt a relatively high cooling water design temperature (maximum 50°C), and the refrigerant used is R410A or R407C. The seawater temperature after heat exchange in the central cooler 3 is about 41°C, which can still be used to cool the refrigerant in the marine chiller unit 6, maximizing the utilization of the cold energy of the seawater and saving system power consumption.

[0050] When the ambient water temperature is between 32℃ and 40℃

[0051] When the ambient water temperature is between 32℃ and 40℃, the operating load of the compressor 6b of the marine chiller unit 6 can be adjusted by frequency conversion technology, and the opening of the first regulating valve 10, the second regulating valve 12 and the third regulating valve 14 on the freshwater circulation pipeline 4 can be adjusted according to the actual additional cold source demand to adjust the proportion of cooling freshwater in the secondary heat exchange module 7 for refrigeration treatment, so as to achieve economic operation of the system.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0053] The central cooling system of this invention realizes the ultimate utilization of seawater cold energy under ultra-high ambient water temperature conditions. It not only solves the problem of the effectiveness of the central cooling system of ships under ultra-high tropical ambient water temperature conditions, but also contributes to energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0054] The central cooling system of this invention is flexible in application and can cope with complex and ever-changing environmental water temperature conditions. It can also be upgraded to be automated or intelligent based on the basic design principle, reducing the complexity of cooling system operation and improving the reliability of cooling system operation. It has a wide range of applications and promotion potential.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions, characterized in that, include: The system includes a cooling seawater pump (1), a cooling freshwater pump (2), a central cooler (3), a freshwater circulation pipeline (4), water-cooled electromechanical equipment (5), a marine chiller unit (6), and a secondary heat exchange module (7). The central cooler (3), the cooling freshwater pump (2), and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment (5) are installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline (4). The seawater inlet of the central cooler (3) is connected to the seawater inlet pipe (8), and the cooling seawater pump (1) is installed on the seawater inlet pipe (8). The cooling freshwater pump (2) and the water-cooled electromechanical equipment (5) are connected to the seawater inlet pipe (8). A first regulating valve (10) is installed on the freshwater circulation pipeline (4) between the two. The freshwater inlet of the secondary heat exchange module (7) is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline (4) upstream of the first regulating valve (10). The freshwater outlet of the secondary heat exchange module (7) is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline (4) downstream of the first regulating valve (10). The refrigerant outlet of the marine chiller unit (6) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the secondary heat exchange module (7). The refrigerant outlet of the secondary heat exchange module (7) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the marine chiller unit (6).

2. Marine central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary heat exchange module (7) includes a cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) and a refrigerant water pump (7b). The freshwater inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) is connected to the freshwater circulation pipeline (4) upstream of the first regulating valve (10) via a freshwater inlet pipe (11). A second regulating valve (12) is installed on the freshwater inlet pipe (11). The freshwater outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) is connected to the first regulating valve (10) downstream via a freshwater return pipe (13). The freshwater circulation pipeline (4) on the swimming side is connected, and a third regulating valve (14) is installed on the freshwater return pipe (13); the refrigerant outlet of the marine chiller unit (6) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) through the refrigerant outflow pipe (15), and the refrigerant outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the marine chiller unit (6) through the refrigerant return pipe (16). The refrigerant water pump (7b) is installed on the refrigerant outflow pipe (15).

3. Marine central cooling system suitable for complex ambient water temperature conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The marine chiller unit (6) includes a condenser (6a), a compressor (6b), and an evaporator (6c). The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator (6c) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) through a refrigerant return pipe (16). The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator (6c) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the cooling freshwater heat exchanger (7a) through a refrigerant outflow pipe (15). The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator (6c) is connected to the air inlet of the compressor (6b) through a pipeline. The air outlet of the compressor (6b) is connected to the air inlet of the condenser (6a) through a pipeline. The liquid outlet of the condenser (6a) is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator (6c) through a pipeline.

4. Marine central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The seawater outlet of the central cooler (3) is connected to the seawater discharge pipe (17), and a shut-off valve (18) is installed on the seawater discharge pipe (17). The condensate inlet of the condenser (6a) is connected to the seawater discharge pipe (17) upstream of the shut-off valve (18) through the seawater inlet pipe (19), and the condensate outlet of the condenser (6a) is connected to the seawater discharge pipe (17) downstream of the shut-off valve (18) through the seawater outlet pipe (20).

5. A central cooling system for a marine vessel suitable for complex ambient water temperature conditions according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A temperature control valve (21) is installed on the fresh water circulation pipeline (4) between the central cooler (3) and the cooling fresh water pump (2).

6. Marine central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fresh water connecting pipe (22) is connected in parallel on one side of the central cooler (3). One end of the fresh water connecting pipe (22) is connected to the fresh water circulation pipe (4) on the upstream side of the central cooler (3), and the other end of the fresh water connecting pipe (22) is connected to the temperature control valve (21).

7. A ship central cooling system suitable for complex ambient water temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The marine chiller unit (6) is a screw compressor condensing chiller unit.

8. A vessel, characterized in that Includes the ship central cooling system suitable for complex environmental water temperature conditions as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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