Scratch test device for automotive plastic parts

Abstract

This application provides a scratch testing device for automotive plastic parts, comprising: a scratch testing assembly, the scratch testing assembly being provided with a scratching head for scratching the surface of a workpiece to be tested, wherein the scratching head has a first test position cooperating with the workpiece to be tested, and a first initial position away from the workpiece to be tested; and a fixture assembly connected to the scratch testing assembly, the fixture assembly being provided with a positioning component and a heating component, wherein the positioning component is used to position different types of workpieces to be tested, and the heating component is used to heat the workpiece to be tested. By incorporating this technical solution and setting the heating component in the fixture assembly, it is ensured that the workpiece to be tested is always kept under a set high temperature condition during the test, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results and solving the problem that traditional scratch resistance testing equipment in the prior art cannot continuously test under high temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of materials testing technology, and more specifically, to a scratch testing device for automotive plastic parts. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, scratch resistance tests on automotive plastic parts are only conducted at room temperature, which cannot comprehensively assess the scratch resistance performance of plastic parts under actual high-temperature operating conditions. Existing technologies cannot stably and accurately test the scratch resistance performance of plastic parts under high-temperature conditions, nor can they conduct continuous testing under high-temperature conditions after the sample has been heated, resulting in a mismatch between the test results and the performance of plastic parts under actual high-temperature operating environments.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the aforementioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a scratch testing device for automotive plastic parts, so as to solve the problem that traditional scratch resistance testing equipment in the prior art cannot continuously test under high temperature conditions.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an automotive plastic part scratch testing device is provided, comprising: a scratch testing assembly, the scratch testing assembly being provided with a scratching head for scratching the surface of a workpiece to be tested; and a fixture assembly connected to the scratch testing assembly, the fixture assembly being provided with a positioning component and a heating component, wherein the positioning component is used to position different types of workpieces to be tested, and the heating component is used to heat the workpieces to be tested.

[0006] The embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: By applying the technical solution of this utility model and setting the heating component in the fixture assembly, it can be ensured that the workpiece to be tested is always kept under the set high temperature conditions during the test, and is not affected by changes in the external ambient temperature. This improves the consistency and stability of the temperature under the test conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results and solving the problem that traditional scratch resistance test equipment in the prior art cannot continuously test under high temperature conditions.

[0007] Furthermore, the scratch test assembly includes: a lower body, with the fixture assembly connected to the lower body; an upper body, detachably connected to the top of the lower body, the upper body being located on one side of the fixture assembly; a scratch motion mechanism, at least a portion of which is connected to the upper body and located above the fixture assembly; and a scratch head connected to the actuator end of the scratch motion mechanism; wherein the scratch motion mechanism can drive the scratch head to move.

[0008] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: The detachable connection design of the upper and lower bodies gives the equipment high flexibility and modularity. The scraping motion mechanism allows the scraping head to move precisely on the workpiece surface above the fixture assembly, thereby achieving accurate control of the scraping test from the first initial position to the first test position. Since the upper body is located on one side of the fixture assembly, this positional relationship helps to accurately position the scraping head and ensure stable scraping. The structure of the upper body can provide additional support and guidance, ensuring accurate material testing under high-temperature conditions, and preventing the positioning of the scraping head and the testing effect from being affected by material expansion or contraction due to temperature changes.

[0009] Furthermore, the scratch test assembly also includes a display panel, which is located on the front side of the lower body. The display panel is used to display test data, which includes at least: temperature data, scratch trajectory, and scratch force value.

[0010] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: the display panel can display key parameters during the test in real time, such as the workpiece surface temperature, the running trajectory of the scratch test, and the applied scratching force. This instant feedback is very important for users because it allows for monitoring of various parameters during the test, ensuring that the test conditions meet expectations, and enabling rapid response and adjustment to any problems that may arise during the test.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning component includes: a first clamping fixing plate connected to the top of the lower body; a second clamping fixing plate disposed on the upper part of the lower body, with at least a portion of the heating component connected to one of the second clamping fixing plate and the first clamping fixing plate; and a driving component connected to the lower body, with the actuator end of the driving component connected to the second clamping fixing plate to cause the driving component to move the second clamping fixing plate.

[0012] The optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the first clamping and fixing plate is connected to the top of the lower body, and the second clamping and fixing plate is disposed on the upper part of the lower body. Together, they can firmly clamp and fix the workpiece to be tested. This design ensures that the workpiece position is stable and unaffected by external forces during the scratch test, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. At least a portion of the heating component is connected to the second clamping and fixing plate, allowing the heating component to directly act on the surface of the workpiece to be tested, resulting in high heating efficiency and uniform heat distribution. This design not only quickly reaches the preset high-temperature environment but also maintains temperature stability, ensuring the authenticity of the scratch test under high-temperature conditions. By connecting the driving component to the second clamping and fixing plate, the movement of the second clamping and fixing plate can be realized, thereby driving the heating component to adjust its position within a certain range.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning assembly also includes: connecting rods, comprising multiple connecting rods, which are spaced apart along the edge of the first clamping and fixing plate. The first clamping and fixing plate is connected to the lower body through the multiple connecting rods, and at least a portion of the second clamping and fixing plate is slidably connected to the connecting rods.

[0014] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: multiple connecting rods are arranged at intervals along the edge of the first clamping and fixing plate, which can increase the stability of the connection between the first clamping and fixing plate and the upper body, ensuring that the entire fixture assembly remains stable during the test. The first clamping and fixing plate and the second clamping and fixing plate are slidably connected by the connecting rods, which can precisely adjust the distance between the two, thereby adapting to workpieces of different thicknesses and sizes to be tested.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the second clamping fixing plate is provided with a groove, the heating component has an assembly position that is embedded in the groove, and the heating component has a disassembly position that is separated from the groove. When the heating component is in the assembly position, at least a portion of the heating component is slidably connected to the connecting rod.

[0016] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the heating component is embedded in the groove of the second clamping and fixing plate, so that the heating component is in close contact with the workpiece surface. The separable design of the heating component and the second clamping and fixing plate means that when the heating component is in the disassembly position, it is convenient for users to clean and maintain it. When the heating function is not used, the heating component can be moved to the disassembly position, which not only increases the flexibility of the equipment, making the same equipment usable for different types of tests, but also provides convenience for the maintenance and upgrading of the equipment.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes: a motor connected to the lower body; a gear sleeved on the motor's main shaft; and a rack, the first end of which passes through the top plate of the lower body and is connected to the second clamping fixing plate, with the rack meshing with the gear. When the motor's main shaft drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rack to move, thereby causing the rack to move the second clamping fixing plate.

[0018] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the combination of motor, gear and rack provides precise power transmission and position control for the second clamping plate. Due to its high precision and stability, the gear and rack transmission system can ensure that the second clamping plate reaches the set test position every time it moves, thereby improving the repeatability and reliability of the test.

[0019] Furthermore, the clamp assembly also includes: a guide ring, at least a portion of which is connected to the top of the lower body, the guide ring having an clearance channel, and the outer peripheral surface of the second clamping fixing plate being slidably disposed relative to the inner peripheral surface of the clearance channel.

[0020] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: the guide ring, especially the lower fixed guide ring, provides precise guidance for the movement of the second clamping plate. The existence of the clearance channel ensures the smooth operation of the second clamping plate during movement, reducing test errors caused by motion deviations. This is particularly important for high-temperature scratch tests that require high precision, as any slight deviation may affect the reliability of the test results.

[0021] Furthermore, the heating assembly includes: a heating block body; and a heating rod embedded in the heating block body.

[0022] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the direct embedding of the heating rod makes the heating block body a platform for uniform heating. Whether it is the entire workpiece or a specific part of the workpiece, it can receive consistent heat. The direct embedding of the heating rod inside the heating block body greatly shortens the distance of heat from the heating source to the target surface, thus improving the efficiency of heat transfer.

[0023] Furthermore, the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device also includes a temperature detection sensor, which is installed on the scratch testing assembly and is used to acquire temperature data of the workpiece to be tested.

[0024] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: The temperature detection sensor can monitor the surface temperature of the workpiece under test in real time, ensuring that the workpiece temperature remains under a preset high temperature condition during the scratch test. This is crucial for accurately evaluating the scratch resistance of automotive plastic parts in high-temperature environments. The temperature detection sensor forms a closed loop with the heating assembly and control system. When the workpiece surface temperature deviates from the set value, the sensor can promptly feed back to the control system, which then adjusts the heating power to maintain the workpiece at a constant high temperature. This ensures that the scratch test is conducted under uniform temperature conditions, enhancing the comparability of experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is an isometric side view of a first embodiment of the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an isometric side view of a second embodiment of the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3This is an isometric side view of the first embodiment of the fixture assembly in the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the third embodiment of the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is an isometric side view of the fourth embodiment of the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device provided in this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0033] 10. Scratch test assembly; 11. Upper body; 12. Scratch motion mechanism; 13. Scratch head; 14. Lower body; 15. Display panel;

[0034] 20. The workpiece to be tested;

[0035] 30. Fixture assembly; 31. First clamping and fixing plate; 32. Heating component; 321. Heating block body; 322. Heating rod; 33. Second clamping and fixing plate; 331. Groove; 34. Guide ring; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Rack; 37. Motor; 38. Gear;

[0036] 40. Temperature detection sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0040] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0041] Currently, scratch resistance testing of automotive plastic parts is mostly limited to ambient temperature environments. This is because traditional scratch resistance testing equipment and methods do not consider the high-temperature challenges faced by plastic parts in actual use. In summer, the surface temperature of interior and exterior plastic parts in vehicles can reach 80℃-100℃. Under these extreme temperature conditions, the physical and chemical properties of plastic parts will change significantly. Specifically, high temperatures can cause scratch-resistant additives in the plastic formulation to precipitate or volatilize, and the plastic substrate itself will soften due to the increased temperature, even accelerating the aging process and causing phenomena such as surface powdering and cracking. However, existing technologies cannot meet the needs of high-temperature testing in the following key aspects:

[0042] Traditional testing equipment cannot create and maintain an environment similar to the high temperatures of summer, meaning that tests cannot accurately reflect the scratch resistance performance of plastic parts under actual high-temperature usage conditions. Without this simulation, the generalizability and practical application value of the test results are significantly reduced.

[0043] Even with the use of heating mechanisms in some attempts, existing technologies struggle to precisely control the temperature distribution on the heating panel, leading to uneven surface temperatures on plastic parts, unstable testing conditions, and consequently, affecting the reliability of test results. Current technologies cannot continuously perform scratch tests after the plastic sample has been heated to a high temperature. Once the sample is removed from the heating source, the temperature drops rapidly, and the test must be completed quickly before the temperature reaches room temperature. This is not only cumbersome but also makes it difficult to capture the true performance of the plastic part at stable high temperatures, severely limiting the accuracy and representativeness of the test data.

[0044] Due to the factors mentioned above, the results of existing technology tests under high-temperature conditions differ significantly from the scratch resistance performance of plastic parts in actual high-temperature environments. This distorted result may lead to incorrect product design decisions, such as selecting materials or additives that may fail to achieve the expected scratch resistance in real-world high-temperature environments.

[0045] To accommodate high-temperature testing, some researchers may attempt to use the high-temperature chamber and scratch testing equipment separately, first heating the sample to the required temperature in the high-temperature chamber and then transferring it to the scratch testing equipment for testing. This method not only suffers from poor equipment compatibility and is time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also makes it difficult to maintain the sample's temperature during the transfer process, reducing testing efficiency and the accuracy of the results.

[0046] In summary, the current limitations of scratch resistance testing for automotive plastic parts mainly lie in the inability to simulate and control high-temperature operating environments, the lack of continuous testing capabilities, and the resulting distortion of test results. These problems restrict the ability to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the scratch resistance performance of plastic parts under high-temperature conditions, thus affecting the design, material selection, and final quality control of automotive plastic parts.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the specific embodiment of this application, an automotive plastic parts scratch testing device is provided, including: a scratch testing assembly 10 and a fixture assembly 30. The scratch testing assembly 10 is provided with a scratch head 13, which is used to scratch the surface of the workpiece 20 to be tested. The fixture assembly 30 is connected to the scratch testing assembly 10 and is provided with a positioning component and a heating component 32. The positioning component is used to position different types of workpieces 20 to be tested, and the heating component 32 is used to heat the workpieces 20 to be tested.

[0048] The embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: by setting the heating component 32 in the fixture assembly 30, it can be ensured that the workpiece 20 to be tested is always kept under the set high temperature conditions during the test, and is not affected by changes in the external ambient temperature. This improves the consistency and stability of the temperature under the test conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results and solving the problem that traditional scratch resistance test equipment in the prior art cannot continuously test under high temperature conditions.

[0049] Furthermore, the scratch test assembly 10 includes: a lower body 14, an upper body 11, and a scratch motion mechanism 12. A fixture assembly 30 is connected to the lower body 14, and the upper body 11 is detachably connected to the top of the lower body 14. The upper body 11 is located on one side of the fixture assembly 30. At least a portion of the scratch motion mechanism 12 is connected to the upper body 11 and is located above the fixture assembly 30. A scratch head 13 is connected to the actuator end of the scratch motion mechanism 12. The scratch motion mechanism 12 can drive the scratch head 13 to move, allowing the scratch head 13 to switch between a first test position and a first initial position.

[0050] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: the detachable connection design between the upper body 11 and the lower body 14 provides the equipment with high flexibility and modularity. The scraping motion mechanism 12 allows the scraping head 13 to move precisely on the workpiece surface above the fixture assembly 30, thereby achieving accurate control of the scraping test from the first initial position to the first test position. Since the upper body 11 is located on one side of the fixture assembly 30, this positional relationship helps to accurately position and stably scrape the scraping head 13. The structure of the upper body 11 can provide additional support and guidance, ensuring accurate material testing under high-temperature conditions, and preventing the scraping head's positioning and testing effect from being affected by material expansion or contraction due to temperature changes.

[0051] Furthermore, the scratch test assembly 10 also includes a display panel 15, which is located on the front side of the lower body 14. The display panel 15 is used to display test data, which includes at least temperature data, scratch running trajectory, and scratch force value.

[0052] The above-described optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the display panel 15 can display key parameters during the test in real time, such as the workpiece surface temperature, the running trajectory of the scratch test, and the applied scratching force value. This instant feedback is very important to the user because it allows for monitoring of various parameters during the test, ensuring that the test conditions meet expectations, facilitating the discovery of potential problems during the test, and enabling rapid response and adjustment.

[0053] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the positioning component includes: a first clamping fixing plate 31, a second clamping fixing plate 33, and a driving component. The first clamping fixing plate 31 is connected to the top of the lower body 14, the second clamping fixing plate 33 is disposed on the upper part of the lower body 14, at least part of the heating component 32 is connected to one of the second clamping fixing plate 33 and the first clamping fixing plate 31, the driving component is connected to the lower body, and the actuating end of the driving component is connected to the second clamping fixing plate 33 so that the driving component drives the second clamping fixing plate 33 to move.

[0054] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: The first clamping and fixing plate 31 is connected to the top of the lower body 14, and the second clamping and fixing plate 33 is disposed on the upper part of the lower body 14. The two work together to firmly clamp and fix the workpiece to be tested. This design ensures that the workpiece position is stable and unaffected by external forces during the scratch test, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. At least a portion of the heating component 32 is connected to one of the second clamping and fixing plate 33 and the first clamping and fixing plate 31, so that the heating component 32 can directly act on the surface of the workpiece 20 to be tested, with high heating efficiency and uniform heat distribution. This design can not only quickly reach the preset high temperature environment, but also maintain temperature stability, ensuring the authenticity of the scratch test under high temperature conditions. By connecting the driving component to the second clamping and fixing plate 33, the movement of the second clamping and fixing plate 33 can be realized, thereby driving the heating component 32 to adjust its position within a certain range.

[0055] In one exemplary embodiment, at least a portion of the heating assembly 32 is connected to the top of the first clamping and fixing plate 31, and a second clamping and fixing plate 33 is mounted on the upper part of the first clamping and fixing plate 31. The second clamping and fixing plate 33 is provided with a test clearance hole. During testing, the workpiece 20 to be tested is placed on the heating assembly 32, and the driving assembly moves the second clamping and fixing plate 33 toward the first clamping and fixing plate 31. After the second clamping and fixing plate 33 and the first clamping and fixing plate 31 have positioned the workpiece 20 to be tested, the second clamping and fixing plate 33 stops moving. At this time, the bottom of the test clearance hole is the workpiece 20 to be tested. The scraping motion mechanism 12 drives the scraping head 13 to move to the first test position in the test clearance hole to realize the scraping test on the surface of the workpiece 20 to be tested.

[0056] The above optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: Since the heating component 32 is directly connected to the top of the first clamping and fixing plate 31, the driving component drives the second clamping and fixing plate 33 to move downward, which increases the stability of the support of the first clamping and fixing plate 31. This is suitable for large workpieces 20 to be tested, reduces the positional shift or deformation of the workpiece 20 to be tested during the test, and enhances the stability of fixing the workpiece 20 to be tested during the test.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, at least a portion of the heating assembly 32 is connected to the top of the second clamping and fixing plate 33, which is mounted on the lower part of the first clamping and fixing plate 31. The first clamping and fixing plate 31 is provided with a test clearance hole. During testing, the workpiece 20 to be tested is placed on the heating assembly 32, and the driving assembly moves the second clamping and fixing plate 33 toward the first clamping and fixing plate 31. After the second clamping and fixing plate 33 and the first clamping and fixing plate 31 have positioned the workpiece 20 to be tested, the second clamping and fixing plate 33 stops moving. At this time, the bottom of the test clearance hole is the workpiece 20 to be tested. The scraping motion mechanism 12 drives the scraping head 13 to move to the first test position in the test clearance hole, thereby realizing the scraping test on the surface of the workpiece 20 to be tested.

[0058] The above optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the heating component 32 is located on the top of the second clamping and fixing plate 33, and the workpiece is fixed by closing with the first clamping and fixing plate 31 through the upward moving second clamping and fixing plate 33. This is suitable for small workpieces to be tested 20 and reduces the deformation of the bottom surface of the workpiece to be tested 20 during the test.

[0059] Furthermore, the positioning assembly also includes: a connecting rod 35, which comprises a plurality of connecting rods 35, which are arranged at intervals along the edge of the first clamping fixing plate 31. The first clamping fixing plate 31 is connected to the upper body 11 through the plurality of connecting rods 35, and at least a portion of the second clamping fixing plate 33 is slidably connected to the connecting rods 35.

[0060] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: multiple connecting rods 35 are arranged at intervals along the edge of the first clamping fixing plate 31, which can increase the stability of the connection between the first clamping fixing plate 31 and the lower body 14, and ensure that the entire fixture assembly 30 remains stable during the test. The first clamping fixing plate 31 and the second clamping fixing plate 33 are slidably connected by the connecting rods 35, which can precisely adjust the distance between the two, thereby adapting to the test workpieces 20 of different thicknesses and sizes.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, multiple connecting rods 35 are riveted to the first clamping plate 31, i.e., the two are riveted together in an interference fit. This connection can withstand large shear and tensile forces, ensuring the structural stability and reliability between the first clamping plate 31 and the connecting rods 35 during the test. Even when subjected to high loads and frequent movements transmitted by the scraping head 13, a robust connection can be maintained.

[0062] In this embodiment, the top of the second clamping fixing plate 33 is provided with a groove 331, the heating component 32 has an assembly position that is embedded in the groove 331, and the heating component 32 has a disassembly position that is separated from the groove 331. When the heating component 32 is in the assembly position, at least a portion of the heating component 32 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 35.

[0063] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the heating component 32 is embedded in the groove 331 of the second clamping and fixing plate 33, so that the heating component 32 is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece 20 to be tested. The separable design of the heating component 32 and the second clamping and fixing plate 33 makes it convenient for users to clean and maintain when the heating component 32 is in the disassembled position. When the heating function is not used, the heating component 32 can be moved to the disassembled position, which not only increases the flexibility of the equipment, making the same equipment usable for different types of tests, but also provides convenience for the maintenance and upgrading of the equipment.

[0064] In one exemplary embodiment, the groove 331 is approximately hexagonal, and the heating component 32 conforms to the groove 331. The hexagonal geometry provides good mechanical stability. This design not only enhances the stability of the heating component 32 during operation but also makes it less prone to deformation or movement when subjected to external loads, thus supporting the structural stability and operational reliability of the entire testing equipment.

[0065] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a motor 37, a gear 38, and a rack 36. The motor 37 is connected to the lower body 14. The gear 38 is sleeved on the main shaft of the motor 37. The first end of the rack 36 passes through the top plate of the lower body 14 and is connected to the second clamping plate 33. The rack 36 meshes with the gear 38. When the main shaft of the motor 37 drives the gear 38 to rotate, the gear 38 drives the rack 36 to move, so that the rack 36 drives the second clamping plate 33 to move.

[0066] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the combination of motor 37, gear 38 and rack 36 provides precise power transmission and position control for the second clamping plate 33. Due to its high precision and stability, the gear and rack transmission system can ensure that the second clamping plate 33 reaches the set test position every time it moves, thereby improving the repeatability and reliability of the test.

[0067] Furthermore, the clamp assembly 30 also includes a guide ring 34, at least a portion of which is connected to the top of the lower body 14. The guide ring 34 is provided with a clearance channel, and the outer peripheral surface of the second clamping fixing plate 33 can be slidably disposed relative to the inner peripheral surface of the clearance channel.

[0068] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: the guide ring 34, especially the lower fixed guide ring, provides precise guidance for the movement of the second clamping plate 33. The existence of the clearance channel ensures the smooth operation of the second clamping plate 33 during movement, reducing test errors caused by motion deviation. This is particularly important for high-temperature scratch tests that require high precision, as any slight deviation may affect the reliability of the test results.

[0069] In this embodiment, the heating component 32 includes a heating block body 321 and a heating rod 322, with the heating rod 322 embedded in the heating block body 321.

[0070] The above-mentioned optional embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: the direct embedding of the heating rod 322 makes the heating block body 321 a platform for uniform heating. Whether it is the entire workpiece or a specific part of the workpiece, it can receive consistent heat. The direct embedding of the heating rod 322 inside the heating block body 321 greatly shortens the distance of heat from the heat source to the target surface and improves the efficiency of heat transfer.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, the heating block body 321 is made of a good conductor material, capable of rapidly absorbing the heat generated by the heating rod 322 and uniformly conducting the heat to the entire surface of the heating block. This uniform heat conduction characteristic is crucial for the workpiece under test, as it ensures that the workpiece surface can quickly and uniformly reach the set temperature. The heating rod 322 is embedded in the heating block body 321 in an approximately "M" shape or serpentine form, increasing its contact area with the heating block body 321 and improving energy conversion efficiency. Compared to a linear heating rod layout, this design allows thermal energy to be converted more effectively into thermal energy for heating the workpiece, reducing energy loss and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the heating process.

[0072] Furthermore, the automotive plastic parts scratch testing device also includes a temperature detection sensor 40, which is installed on the scratch testing assembly 10 and is used to acquire temperature data of the workpiece 20 to be tested.

[0073] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: The temperature detection sensor 40 can monitor the surface temperature of the workpiece under test in real time, ensuring that the workpiece temperature remains under a preset high temperature condition during the scratch test. This is crucial for accurately evaluating the scratch resistance of automotive plastic parts in high-temperature environments. The temperature detection sensor 40 forms a closed loop with the heating assembly 32 and the control system. When the workpiece surface temperature deviates from the set value, the sensor can promptly feed back to the control system, which then adjusts the heating power to maintain the workpiece at a constant high temperature. This ensures that the scratch test is conducted under uniform temperature conditions, enhancing the comparability of the experimental results.

[0074] This application embodiment also provides an automotive plastic parts scratch testing system, including: a cutting machine, an automotive plastic parts scratch testing device, and a colorimeter. The cutting machine is used to cut the sheet material to be processed into the workpiece 20 to be tested. The automotive plastic parts scratch testing device is the aforementioned automotive plastic parts scratch testing device, which is used to perform scratch testing on the workpiece 20 to be tested. The colorimeter is used to perform color difference analysis on the workpiece to be analyzed.

[0075] The optional embodiments described above achieve the following technical effects: The cutting machine in the automotive plastic parts scratch testing system can quickly and accurately cut sheet metal into workpieces to be tested, and then directly enter the scratch testing stage, reducing intermediate processing steps and waiting time in the traditional testing process, and greatly improving the overall efficiency of the test. The automotive plastic parts scratch testing device can simulate high-temperature conditions under actual use based on the temperature of plastic parts in different application areas of the vehicle, and conduct scratch resistance tests. This ensures that the test results can better reflect the performance of plastic parts in the actual operating environment of the vehicle, thereby improving the practical value and reliability of the test results. Furthermore, a colorimeter can be used to analyze the color changes of the plastic parts before and after scratching, covering both physical properties (scratch resistance) and visual quality (color stability), providing comprehensive data support for the development of automotive plastic parts.

[0076] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0077] In this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0078] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc., in this application (if present) are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0079] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0080] Unless otherwise specified, all steps in this application may be performed sequentially or randomly. For example, if the method includes steps A and B, it means that the method may include steps A and B performed sequentially, or it may include steps B and A performed sequentially. For example, if the method may also include step C, it means that step C may be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps A, B, and C, or it may include steps A, C, and B, or it may include steps C, A, and B, etc.

Claims

1. A scratch testing device for automotive plastic parts, characterized in that, include: A scratch test assembly (10) is provided with a scratch head (13) for scratching the surface of the workpiece (20) to be tested; A fixture assembly (30) is connected to the scratch test assembly (10). The fixture assembly (30) is provided with a positioning component and a heating component (32). The positioning component is used to position different types of workpieces (20) to be tested, and the heating component (32) is used to heat the workpieces (20) to be tested.

2. The apparatus for testing the scratch resistance of an automotive plastic part according to claim 1, wherein The scratch test assembly (10) includes: a lower body (14), and the fixture assembly (30) is connected to the lower body (14); The upper body (11) is detachably connected to the top of the lower body (14), and the upper body (11) is located on one side of the clamp assembly (30). The scraping motion mechanism (12) is at least partially connected to the upper body (11), the scraping motion mechanism (12) is located above the clamp assembly (30), and the scraping head (13) is connected to the actuating end of the scraping motion mechanism (12). The scraping motion mechanism (12) can drive the scraping head (13) to move.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The scratch test assembly (10) also includes: Display panel (15) is disposed on the front side of the lower body (14). The display panel (15) is used to display test data, which includes at least: temperature data, scraping trajectory and scraping force value.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The positioning component includes: The first clamping fixing plate (31) is connected to the top of the lower body (14); The second clamping fixing plate (33) is disposed on the upper part of the lower body (14), and at least part of the heating component (32) is connected to one of the second clamping fixing plate (33) and the first clamping fixing plate (31); A drive assembly is connected to the lower body (14), and the execution end of the drive assembly is connected to the second clamping and fixing plate (33) so that the drive assembly drives the second clamping and fixing plate (33) to move.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a motorized drive system. The positioning component also includes: The connecting rod (35) includes a plurality of connecting rods (35), which are spaced apart along the edge of the first clamping fixing plate (31). The first clamping fixing plate (31) is connected to the lower body (14) through the plurality of connecting rods (35). At least a portion of the second clamping fixing plate (33) is slidably connected to the connecting rods (35).

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises a motorized drive system. The second clamping fixing plate (33) has a groove (331) on its top. The heating component (32) has an assembly position that is embedded in the groove (331) and a disassembly position that is separated from the groove (331). When the heating component (32) is in the assembly position, at least a portion of the heating component (32) is slidably connected to the connecting rod (35).

7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a motorized drive system. The driving component includes: Motor (37), which is connected to the lower body (14); Gear (38), said gear (38) is sleeved on the main shaft of the motor (37); A rack (36), the first end of which passes through the top plate of the lower body (14) and is connected to the second clamping fixing plate (33), and the rack (36) meshes with the gear (38); When the main shaft of the motor (37) drives the gear (38) to rotate, the gear (38) drives the rack (36) to move, so that the rack (36) drives the second clamping plate (33) to move.

8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The clamp assembly (30) also includes: The guide ring (34) is at least partially connected to the top of the lower body (14). The guide ring (34) is provided with a clearance channel. The outer peripheral surface of the second clamping fixing plate (33) can be slidably disposed relative to the inner peripheral surface of the clearance channel.

9. The apparatus of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The heating assembly (32) includes: Heating block body (321); A heating rod (322) is embedded in the heating block body (321).

10. The apparatus of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The automotive plastic parts scratch testing device also includes: A temperature sensor (40) is disposed on the scratch test assembly (10) and is used to acquire temperature data of the workpiece (20) to be tested.

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