A reverse wiring protection circuit for automotive emergency power supplies

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of reverse wiring protection technology and discloses a car emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit with high safety and reliability. It includes a main control module (U101) for outputting control signals, a switching circuit (110), a first detection circuit (120) and a second detection circuit (130). The first detection circuit (120) is used to acquire the first voltage signal of the battery, and the second detection circuit (130) is used to acquire the second voltage signal of the battery. The main control module (U101) adjusts the level of the output control signal according to the input first voltage signal or second voltage signal to control the on / off state of the switching circuit (110).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of reverse wiring protection technology, and more specifically, to a reverse wiring protection circuit for automotive emergency power supplies. Background Technology

[0002] When a vehicle's battery fails to start, a car emergency power supply is typically used to jump-start the vehicle. When connecting the emergency power supply's battery cables to the vehicle's battery, the positive terminal is usually connected to the positive terminal, and the negative terminal to the negative terminal. However, existing emergency start protection systems, if not properly designed for batteries ranging from 32AH to 90AH, can cause damage to the battery if the starting voltage jumper wire is reversed. This can also lead to overheating and other abnormal damage to the vehicle battery.

[0003] Therefore, how to achieve safety control during vehicle startup to prevent damage to the battery caused by incorrect power connection has become a technical problem that those skilled in the art continue to solve. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a more secure and reliable reverse wiring protection circuit for automotive emergency power supplies, which addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies where reverse connection of the starting voltage jumper wire may cause damage to the battery during charging, or may lead to overheating and abnormal damage to the automotive battery.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: to construct a reverse wiring protection circuit for automotive emergency power supplies, which has the following features:

[0006] The main control module, which is configured within the protection circuit, is used to output control signals;

[0007] A switching circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the main control module, is used to receive the control signal;

[0008] The first detection circuit has one end connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and is used to acquire the first voltage signal of the battery.

[0009] The other end of the first detection circuit is coupled to the first end of the main control module;

[0010] The second detection circuit has one end connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and is used to acquire the second voltage signal of the battery.

[0011] The other end of the first detection circuit is coupled to the second end of the main control module;

[0012] The main control module adjusts the level of the output control signal according to the input first voltage signal or second voltage signal to control the on / off state of the switching circuit.

[0013] In some implementations, when the main control module receives the first voltage signal fed back by the first detection circuit, the control signal output by the main control module is at a high level to control the switching circuit to be turned on, so that the car can be started in an emergency.

[0014] When the main control module receives the second voltage signal fed back by the second detection circuit, the control signal output by the main control module is at a low level to control the switching circuit to turn off, thereby turning off the negative terminal of the vehicle battery and performing reverse wiring protection.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes at least a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, and a relay.

[0016] The source of the first MOSFET is connected to the +12V power supply terminal.

[0017] The gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET through a ninth resistor.

[0018] The drain of the first MOSFET is connected to one end of the relay coil.

[0019] The other end of the relay coil is connected to one end of the normally open contact.

[0020] The other end of the normally open contact of the relay coil is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0021] The gate of the second MOSFET is connected to the output terminal of the main control module through the tenth resistor.

[0022] The source of the second MOSFET is connected to the common terminal.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first detection circuit includes at least a first diode, a third resistor, and a first optocoupler.

[0024] The anode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

[0025] The cathode of the first diode is connected to one end of the third resistor.

[0026] The other end of the third resistor is coupled to one input terminal of the first optocoupler.

[0027] One output terminal of the first optocoupler is connected to the first terminal of the main control module.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second detection circuit includes at least a second diode, a fifth resistor, and a second optocoupler.

[0029] The anode of the second diode is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0030] The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the fifth resistor.

[0031] The other end of the fifth resistor is coupled to one input terminal of the second optocoupler.

[0032] One output terminal of the second optocoupler is connected to the second terminal of the main control module.

[0033] In some embodiments, the second detection circuit further includes a third diode.

[0034] The cathode of the third diode is connected to the other output terminal of the second optocoupler.

[0035] The anode of the third diode is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0036] In some implementations, a first resistor and a second resistor connected in parallel are also included.

[0037] One end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor are connected to the +5V power supply.

[0038] The other end of the first resistor is connected to one output terminal of the first optocoupler.

[0039] The other end of the second resistor is connected to one output terminal of the second optocoupler.

[0040] In some implementations, the first MOSFET is selected as a P-channel MOSFET.

[0041] The second MOSFET is selected as an N-channel MOSFET.

[0042] The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit of this utility model includes a main control module for outputting control signals, a switching circuit, a first detection circuit, and a second detection circuit. The first detection circuit acquires a first voltage signal from the battery, and the second detection circuit acquires a second voltage signal from the battery. The main control module adjusts the level of the output control signal based on the input first or second voltage signal to control the on / off state of the switching circuit. Compared with existing technologies, by detecting the positive / negative polarity voltage signals of the battery through the first and second detection circuits, and then controlling the switching state of the switching circuit based on the feedback voltage signal, safe control can be achieved during vehicle startup. This effectively solves the problem of potential battery charging damage or overheating and damage caused by reversed starting voltage jumper connections. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the reverse wiring protection circuit for automotive emergency power supplies provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in the first embodiment of the automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit of this utility model, the automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit 10 includes a main control module U101, a switching circuit 110, a first detection circuit 120, and a second detection circuit 130.

[0047] Among them, the main control module U101 has the functions of logic operation, signal comparison and processing, and output control signal;

[0048] Switching circuit 110 controls the on / off state of battery BATT according to the input control signal.

[0049] The first detection circuit 120 has the function of signal detection and is used to obtain the voltage signal of the positive terminal of the battery BATT (corresponding to the first voltage signal).

[0050] The second detection circuit 130 has the function of signal detection and is used to obtain the voltage signal of the negative terminal of the battery BATT (corresponding to the second voltage signal).

[0051] Specifically, the main control module U101 is configured in the protection circuit, which is used to acquire the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, and output at least one control signal (high / low level) according to the state of the input voltage signal.

[0052] Furthermore, the input terminal of the switching circuit 110 is connected to the output terminal (corresponding to the ON / OFF terminal) of the main control module U101 to receive control signals. The input control signals are used to control the on / off state of the switching circuit 110.

[0053] One end of the first detection circuit 120 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery BATT to acquire the first voltage signal of the battery BATT.

[0054] The other end of the first detection circuit 120 is coupled to the first end of the main control module U101 and feeds back the acquired first voltage signal to the main control module U101.

[0055] One end of the second detection circuit 130 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BATT to obtain the second voltage signal of the battery BATT.

[0056] The other end of the first detection circuit 120 is coupled to the second end of the main control module U101, and feeds back the acquired first voltage signal to the main control module U101.

[0057] The main control module U101 adjusts the level of the output control signal according to the input first voltage signal or second voltage signal to control the on / off state of the switch circuit 110.

[0058] Using this technical solution, the positive / negative voltage signals of the battery are detected by the first detection circuit 120 and the second detection circuit 130. The main control module U101 then controls the switching state of the switch circuit 110 according to the feedback voltage signal, thereby realizing safe control when the car is started. It can effectively solve the problem that when the starting voltage jumper wire is reversed, it will not only cause damage to the battery charging, but may also cause the car battery to overheat and be damaged.

[0059] In some implementations, to ensure the safety of the battery BATT operation, when the main control module U101 receives the first voltage signal fed back by the first detection circuit 120, the control signal output by the main control module U101 is at a high level to control the switching circuit 110 to be turned on, so that the negative terminal of the battery BATT is connected to the common terminal, forming a current loop, and the car can be started in an emergency.

[0060] When the main control module U101 receives the second voltage signal fed back by the second detection circuit 130, the control signal output by the main control module U101 is at a low level to control the switch circuit 110 to turn off, thereby turning off the negative terminal of the car battery BATT and performing reverse wiring protection.

[0061] In some implementations, to ensure the safety of battery BATT operation, the switching circuit 110 is provided with a first MOSFET Q101, a second MOSFET Q102 and a relay J101. The first MOSFET Q101 is selected as a P-channel MOSFET and the second MOSFET Q102 is selected as an N-channel MOSFET. Both the MOSFET and the relay J101 have the function of switching.

[0062] Specifically, the source of the first MOSFET Q101 is connected to the +12V power supply terminal to provide power for the operation of the first MOSFET Q101 and the relay J101;

[0063] The gate of the first MOSFET Q101 is connected to the +12V power supply terminal through the eighth resistor R108.

[0064] One end of the gate of the first MOSFET Q101 is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R109, and the other end of the ninth resistor R109 is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET Q102.

[0065] The drain of the first MOSFET Q101 is connected to one end of the coil of relay J101 (corresponding to pin 85).

[0066] The other end of the relay J101 coil (corresponding to pin 86) and one end of the normally open contact (corresponding to pin 87) are connected to the common terminal respectively.

[0067] The other end of the normally open contact of the relay J101 coil (corresponding to pin 30) is connected to the negative terminal of the BATT battery.

[0068] The gate of the second MOSFET Q102 is connected to the output terminal (corresponding to the ON / OFF terminal) of the main control module U101 through the tenth resistor R110.

[0069] The source of the second MOSFET Q102 is connected to its gate through the eleventh resistor R111.

[0070] The source of the second MOSFET Q102 is also connected to the common terminal.

[0071] When the control signal output by the main control module U101 is high, the second MOSFET Q102 is turned on, the gate voltage of the first MOSFET Q101 is pulled low and triggered to turn on. The +12V voltage passes through the SD of the first MOSFET Q101 and the coil of the relay J101 to the common terminal, causing the normally open contact of the relay J101 to be turned on. At this time, the negative terminal of the battery BATT is connected to the common terminal, forming a current loop, and the car can be started in an emergency.

[0072] When the control signal output by the main control module U101 is low, the second MOSFET Q102 is turned off. At this time, the gate voltage of the first MOSFET Q101 is high and it is in the cutoff state, so no current flows through the first MOSFET Q101.

[0073] In some implementations, to ensure the accuracy of the acquired voltage signal, a first diode D101, a third resistor R103, and a first optocoupler U102 can be provided in the first detection circuit 120.

[0074] Among them, the first optocoupler U102 has the functions of signal transmission and isolation;

[0075] Specifically, the anode of the first diode D101 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery BATT.

[0076] The cathode of the first diode D101 is connected to one end of the third resistor R103.

[0077] The other end of the third resistor R103 is coupled to one input terminal (pin 1) of the first optocoupler U102.

[0078] One output terminal of the first optocoupler U102 is connected to the first terminal (corresponding to REV-B) of the main control module U101.

[0079] That is, when the battery BATT is correctly wired in the forward direction, the first voltage signal, through the first diode D101 and the third resistor R103, illuminates the first pin of the first optocoupler U102. After the third and fourth pins are turned on, the first terminal of the main control module U101 (corresponding to REV-B) is pulled low from a high level. After the main control module U101 detects the low level, it outputs a high-level control signal to control the normally open contact of the relay J101 to close, thereby connecting the negative terminal of the car battery to the common terminal and forming a current loop.

[0080] In some implementations, to ensure the accuracy of the acquired voltage signal, a second diode D102, a fifth resistor R105, and a second optocoupler U103 can be provided in the second detection circuit 130.

[0081] Among them, the second optocoupler U103 has the functions of signal transmission and isolation;

[0082] Specifically, the anode of the second diode D102 is connected to the cathode of the battery BATT.

[0083] The cathode of the second diode D102 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R105.

[0084] The other end of the fifth resistor R105 is connected to one input terminal (corresponding to pin 1) of the second optocoupler U103.

[0085] One output terminal (corresponding to pin 4) of the second optocoupler U103 is connected to the second terminal (corresponding to REV-A) of the main control module U101.

[0086] When the battery BATT is reverse-connected, the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the diodes is utilized. That is, the first diode D101 is cut off and the second diode D102 is turned on. The second voltage signal passes through the fifth resistor R105 and the sixth resistor R106, which lights up the first pin of the second optocoupler U103, thereby controlling the third and fourth pins to conduct. This pulls the high level of the second terminal (corresponding to REV-A) of the main control module U101 low. After detecting the low level, the main control module U101 outputs a low-level control signal, which turns off the second MOSFET Q102. At this time, the gate voltage of the first MOSFET Q101 is high, and no current signal flows through it. The normally open contact of the relay J101 remains normally open, shutting off the negative terminal of the car battery BATT, thereby achieving reverse wiring protection.

[0087] In some implementations, to improve circuit performance, a third diode D103 may be provided in the second detection circuit 130.

[0088] The cathode of the third diode D103 is connected to pin 2 of the other output terminal of the second optocoupler U103.

[0089] The anode of the third diode D103 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BATT.

[0090] In some implementations, to ensure the determinism of the voltage signal input to the main control module U101, a first resistor R101 and a second resistor R102 connected in parallel can be set in the circuit, wherein the first resistor R101 and the second resistor R102 are pull-up resistors.

[0091] Specifically, one end of the first resistor R101 and the second resistor R102 are connected to the +5V power supply terminal.

[0092] The other end of the first resistor R101 is connected to the first terminal of the main control module U101 (corresponding to REV-B) and an output terminal (corresponding to pin 3) of the first optocoupler U102.

[0093] The other end of the second resistor R102 is connected to the second terminal (corresponding to REV-S) of the main control module U101 and an output terminal (corresponding to pin 3) of the second optocoupler U103.

[0094] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automobile emergency power anti-reverse connection protection circuit, characterized in that, have: The main control module, which is configured within the protection circuit, is used to output control signals; A switching circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the main control module, is used to receive the control signal; The first detection circuit has one end connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and is used to acquire the first voltage signal of the battery. The other end of the first detection circuit is coupled to the first end of the main control module; The second detection circuit has one end connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and is used to acquire the second voltage signal of the battery. The other end of the first detection circuit is coupled to the second end of the main control module; The main control module adjusts the level of the output control signal according to the input first voltage signal or second voltage signal to control the on / off state of the switching circuit.

2. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the main control module receives the first voltage signal fed back by the first detection circuit, the control signal output by the main control module is at a high level to control the switching circuit to be turned on, so that the car can be started in an emergency. When the main control module receives the second voltage signal fed back by the second detection circuit, the control signal output by the main control module is at a low level to control the switching circuit to turn off, thereby turning off the negative terminal of the vehicle battery and performing reverse wiring protection.

3. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes at least a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, and a relay. The source of the first MOSFET is connected to the +12V power supply terminal. The gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET through a ninth resistor. The drain of the first MOSFET is connected to one end of the relay coil. The other end of the relay coil is connected to one end of the normally open contact. The other end of the normally open contact of the relay coil is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The gate of the second MOSFET is connected to the output terminal of the main control module through the tenth resistor. The source of the second MOSFET is connected to the common terminal.

4. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detection circuit includes at least a first diode, a third resistor, and a first optocoupler. The anode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The cathode of the first diode is connected to one end of the third resistor. The other end of the third resistor is coupled to one input terminal of the first optocoupler. One output terminal of the first optocoupler is connected to the first terminal of the main control module.

5. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second detection circuit includes at least a second diode, a fifth resistor, and a second optocoupler. The anode of the second diode is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the fifth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is coupled to one input terminal of the second optocoupler. One output terminal of the second optocoupler is connected to the second terminal of the main control module.

6. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second detection circuit also includes a third diode. The cathode of the third diode is connected to the other output terminal of the second optocoupler. The anode of the third diode is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

7. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in parallel. One end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor are connected to the +5V power supply. The other end of the first resistor is connected to one output terminal of the first optocoupler. The other end of the second resistor is connected to one output terminal of the second optocoupler.

8. The automotive emergency power supply reverse wiring protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first MOSFET is selected as a P-channel MOSFET. The second MOSFET is selected as an N-channel MOSFET.

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