A seed grading and sorting machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a seed screening technical field, and disclose a kind of seed grading screening machine, and the upper end of the base is equipped with screening frame, by setting fan in feed seat, guide plate and receiving plate, when seed is guided into from the top of feed seat after guide plate, multiple groups of fan are started simultaneously, produce the stable airflow of horizontal direction, seed is fully contacted with airflow in falling process, wherein empty shell, dust and other light impurities can be carried by airflow and move to the direction of air outlet groove, small particle dust and other impurities are discharged directly from the aperture of isolation net, while large particle impurities are intercepted by isolation net and fall into the waste box in collecting groove along receiving plate, and qualified seed is guided out along the high end of receiving plate through discharge hopper, enters subsequent screening frame, realizes the efficient separation of different impurities, reduces the impurity into screening link, reduces the risk of screen clogging, simultaneously reduces screening load, so that equipment can continuous operation, improves processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seed screening technology, and in particular to a seed grading and screening machine. Background Technology

[0002] As a core element of agricultural production, the quality of seeds directly affects the yield and quality of crops. When processing seeds, they must be screened. In the process of agricultural production, seed grading and screening is a key link to ensure seed quality and improve crop yield. At present, most traditional seed grading and screening machines directly send the seeds to be screened into the screening mechanism.

[0003] However, seeds to be screened generally contain various impurities such as empty shells, dust, and small stones. When seeds with impurities are screened directly without pretreatment, the empty shells, lightweight straw fragments, and dust in the seeds can easily clog the screen mesh. Once the screen is clogged, the speed at which the seeds pass through the screen is greatly reduced, and the equipment needs to be stopped frequently to clean the screen, resulting in low overall screening efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] When seeds are screened directly without pretreatment, empty shells, lightweight straw fragments, and dust can easily clog the screen pores. Once the screen is clogged, the speed at which seeds pass through the screen is greatly reduced, requiring frequent machine shutdowns to clean the screen, resulting in low overall screening efficiency. This invention provides a seed grading and screening machine that removes seed impurities and improves the quality of subsequent seed screening, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a seed grading and screening machine, including a base, a screening frame installed on the upper end of the base, a feeding seat fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the base, a discharge hopper fixedly installed on the bottom of the feeding seat, the bottom of the discharge hopper corresponding to the higher side of the screening frame, a groove opened on one side of the feeding seat, multiple fans fixedly installed on the inner wall of the groove, the output ends of the multiple fans corresponding to the inside of the feeding seat, a guide plate fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the feeding seat, a receiving plate provided at the bottom of the guide plate, the receiving plate fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feeding seat, a collection groove opened on one side of the bottom of the feeding seat, the bottom side of the receiving plate corresponding to the upper end of the collection groove, a waste box provided inside the collection groove, an air outlet groove opened on one side of the feeding seat, and a partition screen fixedly installed inside the air outlet groove.

[0006] Preferably, the air outlet trough is located between the guide plate and the receiving plate, and slots are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the collection trough.

[0007] By positioning the air outlet between the guide plate and the receiving plate, the movement path of lightweight impurities can be precisely limited, ensuring their effective separation into the collection area.

[0008] Preferably, each end of the waste box is fixedly equipped with a strip, which is inserted into the slot. The two sides of the waste box are movably installed inside the collection trough through the strip and the slot.

[0009] The combination of inserts and slots allows for quick assembly and disassembly of the waste box within the collection trough, facilitating the cleaning of impurities and improving the ease of equipment maintenance.

[0010] Preferably, a screen is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner wall of the screening frame, a cam is installed inside one side of the machine base, and a rotary motor is installed on the outer side of the machine base through a motor frame. The rotary motor is connected to one end of the cam through a coupling.

[0011] By using a rotary motor, a cam is driven to rotate, which in turn causes the screen frame to vibrate, thereby achieving seed particle size classification and ensuring stable power output during the screening process.

[0012] Preferably, a protrusion is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the screening frame, and the position of the protrusion corresponds to that of the cam. When the cam rotates once, it drives the screening frame to be lifted up once.

[0013] By matching the protrusions with the cam, the kinetic energy of the cam rotation is converted into the reciprocating vibration of the screening frame, thus achieving the regular shaking effect required for seed screening.

[0014] Preferably, four vertical concave seats are fixedly installed on the upper end of the machine base, and connecting blocks are fixedly installed at the four corners of the screening frame. Vibration springs are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting blocks, and the other sides of the two vibration springs are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends inside the vertical concave seats.

[0015] By using vibration springs, elastic support and restoring force are provided for the screen frame, buffering vibration impact and ensuring a smooth and continuous screening process.

[0016] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. By setting up fans, guide plates, and receiving plates in the feeding seat, when seeds are introduced from the top of the feeding seat through the guide plates, multiple sets of fans start synchronously to generate a stable airflow in the horizontal direction. During the falling process, the seeds fully contact the airflow. Light impurities such as empty shells and dust are carried by the airflow towards the air outlet. Small particles of dust and other impurities are directly discharged from the gaps in the mesh, while large particles of impurities are intercepted by the mesh and fall into the waste box in the collection tank along the receiving plate. Qualified seeds are discharged along the upper end of the receiving plate through the discharge hopper and enter the subsequent screening frame, realizing the efficient separation of different impurities, reducing the amount of impurities entering the screening process, reducing the risk of screen blockage, reducing the screening load, enabling the equipment to operate continuously, and improving processing efficiency.

[0018] 2. By setting a cam, a rotary motor, and a vibration spring at the bottom of the screening frame, the rotary motor drives the cam to rotate at a constant speed. When the convex part of the cam contacts the convex block at the bottom of the screening frame, it generates an upward pushing force on the convex block, forcing the screening frame to move upward against the elastic force of the vibration spring. At this time, the spring is in a compressed state and stores elastic potential energy. As the cam continues to rotate, the convex part gradually moves away from the convex block, and the screening frame falls back down under the restoring force of the vibration spring, completing one vibration cycle. During the up-and-down reciprocating vibration of the screening frame, it drives the internal screen to vibrate synchronously, enhancing the jumping and dispersion effect of seeds on the screen, preventing seed accumulation, and ensuring that seeds of different sizes can fully contact the screen, thereby improving the grading accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the feed seat of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Screening frame; 3. Screen; 4. Feed seat; 5. Discharge hopper; 6. Guide plate; 7. Groove; 8. Fan; 9. Air outlet duct; 10. Partition screen; 11. Receiving plate; 12. Collection trough; 13. Waste box; 14. Insert strip; 15. Slot; 16. Cam; 17. Rotary motor; 18. Protrusion block; 19. Vertical concave seat; 20. Connecting block; 21. Vibration spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-5 A seed grading and screening machine includes a base 1, a screening frame 2 installed on the upper end of the base 1, a feeding seat 4 fixedly installed on the upper side of one side of the base 1, and a discharge hopper 5 fixedly installed at the bottom of the feeding seat 4. The bottom of the discharge hopper 5 corresponds to the higher side of the screening frame 2. The bottom of the discharge hopper 5 is set to correspond to the higher side of the screening frame 2. Gravity is used to make the seeds after air separation slide directly to the high end of the screen 3, shortening the transmission path, avoiding accumulation and improving screening continuity.

[0027] A groove 7 is provided on one side of the feeding seat. Multiple fans 8 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the groove 7. The output ends of the multiple fans 8 correspond to the inside of the feeding seat 4. A guide plate 6 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the feeding seat 4. A receiving plate 11 is provided at the bottom of the guide plate 6. By setting up the fans 8, guide plate 6 and receiving plate 11 in the feeding seat 4, when the seeds are introduced from the top of the feeding seat 4 through the guide plate 6, multiple sets of fans 8 start synchronously to generate a stable airflow in the horizontal direction. The seeds come into full contact with the airflow during the falling process. Lightweight impurities such as empty shells and dust will be carried by the airflow to move towards the air outlet 9.

[0028] The receiving plate 11 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feeding seat 4. A collection trough 12 is provided on the bottom side of one side of the feeding seat 4. The bottom side of the receiving plate 11 corresponds to the upper end of the collection trough 12. A waste box 13 is provided inside the collection trough 12. An air outlet trough 9 is provided on one side of the feeding seat 4. A mesh 10 is fixedly installed inside the air outlet trough 9. Small particles of dust and other impurities are discharged directly from the gaps in the mesh 10. Large particles of impurities are intercepted by the mesh 10 and fall along the receiving plate 11 into the waste box 13 in the collection trough 12. Qualified seeds are discharged along the upper end of the receiving plate 11 through the discharge hopper 5 and enter the subsequent screening frame 2 to achieve efficient separation of different impurities, reduce the entry of impurities into the screening process, reduce the risk of screen 3 blockage, reduce the screening load, enable the equipment to operate continuously, and improve processing efficiency.

[0029] Please see Figures 2-4The air outlet slot 9 is located between the guide plate 6 and the receiving plate 11. Slots 15 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the collection tank 12. Inserts 14 are fixedly installed at both ends of the waste box 13. The inserts 14 are inserted into the slots 15. The two sides of the waste box 13 are movably installed inside the collection tank 12 through the inserts 14 and the slots 15. The layout of the air outlet slot 9 between the guide plate 6 and the receiving plate 11 precisely limits the movement path of light impurities to the collection area. With the insertion structure of the slots 15 on the inner wall of the collection tank 12 and the inserts 14 of the waste box 13, the waste box 13 can be quickly disassembled and assembled, which facilitates centralized cleaning of impurities and improves the convenience of equipment maintenance and the efficiency of impurity treatment.

[0030] A screen 3 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner wall of the screening frame 2. A cam 16 is installed inside one side of the machine base 1. A rotary motor 17 is installed on the outside of the machine base 1 through a motor frame. The rotary motor 17 is connected to one end of the cam 16 through a coupling. A protrusion 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side of the screening frame 2. The protrusion 18 and the cam 16 are positioned correspondingly. When the cam 16 rotates once, it drives the screening frame 2 to lift upward once. By setting the cam 16, rotary motor 17 and vibration spring 21 at the bottom of the screening frame 2, the rotary motor 17 drives the cam 16 to rotate at a constant speed. When the protrusion of the cam 16 contacts the protrusion 18 at the bottom of the screening frame 2, it generates an upward pushing force on the protrusion 18, forcing the screening frame 2 to overcome the elastic force of the vibration spring 21 and move upward.

[0031] Four vertical concave seats 19 are fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 1. Connecting blocks 20 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the screening frame 2. Vibration springs 21 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting blocks 20. The other side of the two vibration springs 21 is fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the interior of the vertical concave seats 19 respectively. As the cam 16 continues to rotate, the protruding part gradually moves away from the protruding block 18. The screening frame 2 falls back down under the restoring force of the vibration springs 21, completing one vibration cycle. During the up-and-down reciprocating vibration of the screening frame 2, the internal screen 3 is driven to vibrate synchronously, which enhances the jumping and dispersion effect of seeds on the screen 3, prevents seed accumulation, and ensures that seeds of different particle sizes can fully contact the screen 3, thereby improving the grading accuracy.

[0032] Working principle: In actual use, the seeds to be screened are first poured into the top of the feed seat 4. After being guided by the guide plate 6, the seeds slide down along the guide plate 6 under the action of gravity. At this time, multiple sets of fans 8 in the groove 7 of the feed seat 4 are started to generate a stable airflow in the horizontal direction. During the falling process, the seeds come into full contact with the airflow. Among them, light impurities such as empty shells and dust are significantly affected by the airflow thrust due to their light weight and will be carried by the airflow to move towards the air outlet 9.

[0033] Small particles of dust and other impurities are discharged directly through the gaps in the mesh 10 in the air outlet duct 9, while large particles of impurities are intercepted by the mesh 10, slide down the surface of the mesh 10 to the receiving plate 11, and fall from the bottom of the receiving plate 11 into the waste box 13 in the collection trough 12 under the action of the tilt angle of the receiving plate 11.

[0034] Because of their greater weight, qualified seeds are less affected by airflow and continue to slide down the upper end of the receiving plate 11. They are then fed into the screening frame 2 through the discharge hopper 5. Subsequently, the rotary motor 17 on the outside of the machine base 1 is started, which drives the cam 16 to rotate at a constant speed. When the protruding part of the cam 16 contacts the protruding block 18 at the bottom of the screening frame 2, it generates an upward pushing force on the protruding block 18, forcing the screening frame 2 to overcome the elastic force of the vibration spring 21 and move upward. The vibration spring 21 is compressed and stores elastic potential energy.

[0035] As the cam 16 continues to rotate, the protruding part gradually moves away from the protruding block 18. The sieve frame 2 falls downward under the restoring force of the vibration spring 21, forming a reciprocating vibration cycle. The sieve frame 2 drives the internal sieve 3 to vibrate synchronously, causing the seeds falling on the sieve 3 to jump towards the lower end under the action of vibration inertia and gravity. Seeds with a particle size smaller than the aperture of the sieve 3 pass through the sieve 3 during vibration and fall into the collection area below. Seeds with a larger particle size slide along the surface of the sieve 3 to the end collection area, completing the particle size classification.

Claims

1. A seed grading and screening machine, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A screen frame (2) is installed on the upper end of the base (1). A feed seat (4) is fixedly installed on the upper side of one side of the base (1). A discharge hopper (5) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the feed seat (4). The bottom of the discharge hopper (5) corresponds to the higher side of the screen frame (2). A groove (7) is opened on one side of the feed seat (4). Multiple fans (8) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the groove (7). The output ends of the multiple fans (8) correspond to the inside of the feed seat (4). The upper end of the inner wall of the feed seat (4) A guide plate (6) is fixedly installed. A receiving plate (11) is provided at the bottom of the guide plate (6). The receiving plate (11) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the feeding seat (4). A collection groove (12) is opened at the bottom of one side of the feeding seat (4). The bottom side of the receiving plate (11) corresponds to the upper end of the collection groove (12). A waste box (13) is provided inside the collection groove (12). An air outlet groove (9) is opened on one side of the feeding seat (4). A partition net (10) is fixedly installed inside the air outlet groove (9).

2. The seed grading and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet trough (9) is located between the guide plate (6) and the receiving plate (11), and slots (15) are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the collection trough (12).

3. The seed grading and screening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the waste box (13) are fixedly installed with inserts (14), which are inserted into the slots (15). The two sides of the waste box (13) are movably installed inside the collection tank (12) through the inserts (14) and the slots (15).

4. A seed grading and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screen (3) is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner wall of the screening frame (2). A cam (16) is installed inside one side of the machine base (1). A rotary motor (17) is installed on the outside of the machine base (1) through a motor frame. The rotary motor (17) is connected to one end of the cam (16) through a coupling.

5. A seed grading and screening machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protrusion (18) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the screen frame (2). The protrusion (18) and the cam (16) are positioned opposite each other. When the cam (16) rotates once, it drives the screen frame (2) to lift up once.

6. A seed grading and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four vertical concave seats (19) are fixedly installed on the upper end of the base (1). Connecting blocks (20) are fixedly installed at the four corners of the screen frame (2). Vibration springs (21) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the connecting blocks (20). The other side of the two vibration springs (21) is fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the vertical concave seats (19).

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