A spraying and seeding machine for loess-like saline soil repair
By designing a split-type spraying mechanism and a soil mixing and crushing mechanism on the hydroseeder, the problem of uneven spraying was solved, enabling precise spraying of seeds and soil conditioners in loess-like saline soil and soil loosening treatment, thereby improving plant survival rate and restoration effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GANSU YUANLONG ROAD & BRIDGE MECHANIZATION HIGHWAY ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
Smart Images
Figure CN224473706U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil remediation technology, specifically a hydroseeding machine for the remediation of loess-like saline soil. Background Technology
[0002] Loess-like saline soil is a special soil type, possessing some characteristics of both loess and saline soil. Its formation is caused by both natural factors, such as scarce rainfall and intense evaporation in arid and semi-arid regions. As water evaporates, salts in the soil rise to the surface, accumulating in the topsoil over time, leading to soil salinization. Human factors also play a role, such as improper irrigation methods in agricultural production, like flood irrigation or excessive irrigation volume, which can raise the groundwater level and accelerate soil salinization. Furthermore, excessively high salt content in irrigation water can also increase salt accumulation in the soil.
[0003] Excessive salt concentration in saline soil can cause physiological drought in plants, making it difficult for plant roots to absorb water, resulting in slow growth, stunted growth, and even death. At the same time, salt can also affect the absorption and transport of nutrients by plants, interfering with normal metabolic processes.
[0004] Hydroseeding is one method for restoring loess-like saline soil. It mainly involves spraying a mixed slurry containing plant seeds, soil conditioners, water-retaining agents, fertilizers, etc., onto the surface of loess-like saline soil using a high-pressure jetting method to achieve vegetation restoration and soil improvement. However, existing hydroseeding machines still lack uniformity in spraying and need further improvement and optimization. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydroseeding machine for the remediation of loess-like saline soil, which can more evenly and specifically spray soil conditioner, i.e., seeds, onto the loess-like saline soil to be remediated.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A hydroseeding machine for the remediation of loess-like saline soil includes a main support structure connected to a carrier and a split hydroseeding mechanism set on the main support structure.
[0008] The main support structure includes a horizontally arranged main support plate, which has multiple vertically penetrating first receiving slots.
[0009] The split-type spraying mechanism includes a spraying support plate fixed in the first receiving groove. The spraying support plate has multiple vertically penetrating split receiving holes, and the split support plate is fixed in the split receiving holes.
[0010] The split support plate is fixed with multiple downward-facing grooved impact nozzles and multiple spraying exhaust nozzles.
[0011] Preferably, a central buried nozzle with the spray direction facing downward and multiple peripheral buried nozzles are fixed on the split support plate;
[0012] Multiple modifier nozzles with downward spraying direction are fixed on the hydroseeding support plate.
[0013] Explanation: The central and peripheral burying nozzles can impact the inner and outer edges of the annular groove where seeds are sown, causing the soil at the inner and outer edges of the annular groove to bury the seeds inside the groove. This precise burying of seeds helps improve the survival rate of plants and thus ensures the remediation effect.
[0014] Preferably, the main support plate is provided with a soil mixing and crushing mechanism, which includes a mixing and crushing support plate set on the top of the main support plate. The mixing and crushing support plate has multiple vertically penetrating rotating mating holes, and a mixing and crushing support disc is rotatably connected in the rotating mating holes.
[0015] The mixing and crushing support disc has multiple vertically penetrating mixing rod connection holes, and soil mixing rods are slidably connected in the mixing rod connection holes;
[0016] The main support plate has a vertically penetrating mixing and crushing groove located at the mixing and crushing support plate, and the lower ends of multiple soil mixing rods extend downward through the mixing and crushing groove.
[0017] Explanation: The soil mixing and crushing mechanism is used to mix and crush the cut soil, making the loess-like saline land to be restored pulverized and loose, which is conducive to subsequent accurate spraying operations.
[0018] Preferably, the soil mixing rod has external threads on its outer side, and the soil mixing rod is threadedly fixed to the top and bottom of the mixing and crushing support disc with mixing rod limiting nuts.
[0019] Note: By adjusting the position of the mixing rod limiting nuts located at the top and bottom of the mixing and crushing support disc on each soil mixing rod, the relative position of the soil mixing rod in the vertical direction can be adjusted, that is, the depth at which the lower end of the soil mixing rod is inserted into the soil can be adjusted.
[0020] Preferably, the main support plate is provided with a soil cutting mechanism, which includes multiple soil cutting receiving cylinders fixed on the main support plate with their openings facing downwards. A cutting support column is slidably connected inside the soil cutting receiving cylinder, and a soil cutting plate is fixed at the lower end of the cutting support column.
[0021] The soil cutting container is equipped with a lifting and adjusting drive rod for moving the cutting support column.
[0022] Note: The soil in loess-like saline land often becomes harder. The soil cutting mechanism can cut the loess-like saline land to be restored, breaking down the hardened soil and making it easier to mix and break it up further.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are reflected in the following aspects:
[0024] 1. The present invention has a reasonable structural design, which can accurately control the spraying amount and spraying range of materials such as seeds, soil conditioners, and water, ensuring uniform and accurate spraying in loess-like saline soil areas with different terrains and areas, and improving the consistency of the restoration effect.
[0025] 2. This utility model is easy to operate. The soil cutting mechanism can cut the loess-like saline land to be repaired. At the same time, the soil mixing and crushing mechanism mixes and crushes the cut soil, making the loess-like saline land to be repaired pulverized and soft, which is conducive to subsequent spraying operations.
[0026] 3. The central burying nozzle and the peripheral burying nozzle in this utility model can impact the inner and outer edges of the annular groove where the seeds are sown, so that the soil at the inner and outer edges of the annular groove can bury the seeds inside the annular groove. Precise burying of seeds helps to improve the survival rate of plants and thus ensures the restoration effect. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is the front view of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the spraying support plate of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soil mixing and crushing mechanism of this utility model.
[0030] In the diagram, 10-main support structure, 11-main support plate, 110-first receiving trough, 20-split-type spraying mechanism, 21-spraying support plate, 211-split receiving hole, 212-split support plate, 221-grooved impact nozzle, 222-spraying external discharge nozzle, 223-central buried nozzle, 224-peripheral buried nozzle, 225-amendment nozzle, 30-soil mixing and crushing mechanism, 31-mixing and crushing support plate, 310-mixing and crushing groove, 311-rotation mating hole, 32-mixing and crushing support disc, 320-mixing rod connection hole, 33-soil mixing rod, 40-soil cutting mechanism, 41-soil cutting receiving cylinder, 411-cutting support column, 412-lifting and adjusting drive rod, 42-soil cutting plate. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1-3 This utility model will be described in detail. For ease of description, the orientations mentioned below are defined as follows: The directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back mentioned below are consistent with the directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back in the projection relationship of their respective main views or structural schematic diagrams.
[0032] Example 1:
[0033] A hydroseeding machine for the remediation of loess-like saline soil, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main support structure 10 connected to the vehicle and a split-type spraying mechanism 20 disposed on the main support structure 10.
[0034] The main support structure 10 includes a horizontally arranged main support plate 11, and the main support plate 11 has a plurality of vertically penetrating first receiving grooves 110.
[0035] The first receiving groove 110 extends perpendicularly to the forward direction of the vehicle along the plane where the main support plate 11 is located;
[0036] The split-type spraying mechanism 20 includes a spraying support plate 21 fixed in the first receiving groove 110, such as Figure 2 As shown, the spraying support plate 21 has multiple vertically penetrating split receiving holes 211, and a split support plate 212 is fixed in the split receiving holes 211.
[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple downward-facing grooved impact nozzles 221 and multiple spraying exhaust nozzles 222 are fixed on the split support plate 212.
[0038] The split support plate 212 is a horizontally placed disc-shaped support plate. Multiple grooved impact nozzles 221 and multiple spraying nozzles 222 are arranged in a ring array around the vertical axis of the split support plate 212.
[0039] Example 2:
[0040] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, a central buried nozzle 223 with the spray direction facing downward and multiple peripheral buried nozzles 224 are fixed on the split support plate 212;
[0041] The central burial nozzle 223 is located at the center of the split support plate 212, and multiple peripheral burial nozzles 224 are arranged in a ring array around the vertical axis of the split support plate 212, and are located outside multiple groove impact nozzles 221 and multiple spraying external nozzles 222.
[0042] Multiple modifier nozzles 225 with the spraying direction pointing downwards are fixed on the spraying support plate 21.
[0043] Example 3:
[0044] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 1 As shown, a soil mixing and crushing mechanism 30 is provided on the main support plate 11, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the soil mixing and crushing mechanism 30 includes a mixing and crushing support plate 31 disposed on the top of the main support plate 11. The mixing and crushing support plate 31 has a plurality of vertically penetrating rotary fitting holes 311, and a mixing and crushing support disc 32 is rotatably connected in the rotary fitting holes 311.
[0045] The mixing and crushing support disc 32 has multiple vertically penetrating mixing rod connection holes 320, and a soil mixing rod 33 is slidably connected in the mixing rod connection holes 320;
[0046] The mixing and crushing support disc 32 is driven to rotate by a prior art motor fixed on the mixing and crushing support plate 31 via gear transmission;
[0047] The main support plate 11 has a vertically penetrating mixing and crushing groove 310 located at the mixing and crushing support plate 31, and the lower ends of multiple soil mixing rods 33 extend downward through the mixing and crushing groove 310.
[0048] The soil mixing rod 33 has external threads on its outer side. The soil mixing rod 33 is threadedly fixed to the top and bottom of the mixing and crushing support disc 32 with mixing rod limit nuts 330.
[0049] Example 4:
[0050] Based on Example 3, such as Figure 1 As shown, a soil cutting mechanism 40 is provided on the main support plate 11. The soil cutting mechanism 40 includes a plurality of soil cutting receiving cylinders 41 fixed on the main support plate 11 with their openings facing downwards. A cutting support column 411 is slidably connected inside the soil cutting receiving cylinder 41, and a soil cutting plate 42 is fixed at the lower end of the cutting support column 411.
[0051] The soil cutting container 41 is equipped with a lifting and adjusting drive rod 412 for driving the cutting support column 411 to move. The lifting and adjusting drive rod 412 is an existing electrically controlled telescopic rod driven by a servo motor. The outer end of the lifting and adjusting drive rod 412 is fixedly connected to the top of the soil cutting container 41, and the inner end of the lifting and adjusting drive rod 412 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cutting support column 411.
[0052] It should be noted that the spraying nozzle 222, grooved impact nozzle 221, central burial nozzle 223, peripheral burial nozzle 224, and modifier nozzle 225 used in this application are all based on existing technologies and are not specifically limited here. Those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs, as long as the technical solution of this application can be achieved.
[0053] In practical application, the entire device is installed at the rear of the agricultural tractor, and the main support plate 11 is placed horizontally, with the distance between the bottom of the main support plate 11 and the ground surface controlled at 10cm.
[0054] The agricultural tractor moves at a constant speed in the loess-like saline soil to be repaired. The agricultural tractor moves forward at a constant speed, carrying the entire device of the present invention with it. The main support plate 11 is equipped with a sowing and storage box, which stores a mixture of seeds, water and soil conditioner. The sowing and storage box is equipped with a mixing and conveying pump, which is used to convey the mixture of seeds, water and soil conditioner to each spraying and discharge nozzle 222.
[0055] Seeds used for the remediation of loess-like saline soils include Bermuda grass, tall fescue, alkali grass, white clover, Amorpha fruticosa, and Caragana korshinskii;
[0056] The main support plate 11 is equipped with a separate soil conditioner storage box, which stores soil conditioner. The soil conditioner storage box is equipped with a conditioner delivery pump, which is used to deliver the soil conditioner to each groove impact nozzle 221, the central burial nozzle 223, the peripheral burial nozzle 224 and the conditioner nozzle 225.
[0057] The soil conditioner is a commercially available soil conditioner. The ingredients of the conditioner may include humic acid, livestock and poultry manure, phosphogypsum, zeolite, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, etc.
[0058] Each of the spraying nozzles 222, groove impact nozzle 221, center burial nozzle 223, outer burial nozzle 224, and modifier nozzle 225 has an independent control valve to control the on / off state.
[0059] The workflow of each spray nozzle 222, grooved impact nozzle 221, central burial nozzle 223, and peripheral burial nozzle 224 on each split support plate 212 is as follows:
[0060] First, the grooved impact nozzles 221 arranged in a ring array are turned on to create ring-shaped grooves on the soil surface, and then the grooved impact nozzles 221 are turned off.
[0061] Next, the spray nozzle 222 is turned on to spray the mixture of seeds, water and soil conditioner into the annular groove, and then the spray nozzle 222 is turned off.
[0062] Finally, the central burying nozzle 223 and the outer burying nozzle 224 are opened simultaneously to impact the inner and outer edges of the annular groove, causing the soil at the inner and outer edges of the annular groove to bury the seeds inside the annular groove.
[0063] As the main support plate 11 moves forward under the drive of the agricultural tractor, the above-mentioned work process is repeated to evenly spray soil conditioner on the loess-like saline soil to be repaired, and to evenly sow seeds for soil repair in the soil.
[0064] As the agricultural tractor carries the entire device of the present invention forward, the soil cutting mechanism 40 cuts the loess-like saline soil to be repaired, while the soil mixing and crushing mechanism 30 mixes and crushes the cut soil.
[0065] The inner rod of the lifting adjustment drive rod 412 extends and can drive the cutting support column 411 and the soil cutting plate 42 to move down together, so that the soil cutting plate 42 is inserted into the soil, and the soil is cut by multiple soil cutting plates 42 as the agricultural tractor moves.
[0066] Multiple soil mixing rods 33 extend into the soil at their lower ends. The mixing and crushing support disc 32 is driven to rotate by a conventional motor fixed on the mixing and crushing support plate 31 through gear transmission. The soil is mixed and crushed by the mutual collision between the multiple soil mixing rods 33 and the soil.
[0067] By adjusting the position of the stirring rod limiting nut 330 located at the top and bottom of the stirring and crushing support disc 32 on each soil stirring rod 33, the relative position of the soil stirring rod 33 in the vertical direction can be adjusted, that is, the depth of the lower end of the soil stirring rod 33 inserted into the soil can be adjusted.
Claims
1. A hydroseeding machine for the remediation of loess-like saline soil, characterized in that, Includes a main support structure (10) connected to the vehicle, and a split spraying mechanism (20) disposed on the main support structure (10); The main support structure (10) includes a horizontally arranged main support plate (11), and the main support plate (11) has a plurality of vertically penetrating first receiving grooves (110); The split-type spraying mechanism (20) includes a spraying support plate (21) fixed in the first receiving groove (110). The spraying support plate (21) has a plurality of vertically penetrating split receiving holes (211), and a split support plate (212) is fixed in the split receiving holes (211). The split support plate (212) is fixed with multiple downward-facing grooved impact nozzles (221) and multiple spraying exhaust nozzles (222).
2. The hydroseeding machine for remediation of loess-like saline soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The split support plate (212) is fixed with a central buried nozzle (223) facing downward and multiple peripheral buried nozzles (224); Multiple modifier nozzles (225) with downward spraying direction are fixed on the spraying support plate (21).
3. A hydroseeding machine for remediating loess-like saline soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main support plate (11) is provided with a soil mixing and crushing mechanism (30). The soil mixing and crushing mechanism (30) includes a mixing and crushing support plate (31) set on the top of the main support plate (11). The mixing and crushing support plate (31) has a plurality of vertically penetrating rotating fitting holes (311). A mixing and crushing support disc (32) is rotatably connected in the rotating fitting holes (311). The mixing and crushing support disc (32) has multiple vertically penetrating mixing rod connection holes (320), and a soil mixing rod (33) is slidably connected in the mixing rod connection holes (320); The main support plate (11) has a vertically penetrating mixing and crushing groove (310) located at the mixing and crushing support plate (31), and the lower ends of multiple soil mixing rods (33) extend downward through the mixing and crushing groove (310).
4. A hydroseeding machine for remediating loess-like saline soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The soil mixing rod (33) has external threads on its outer side, and the soil mixing rod (33) is threadedly fixed to the top and bottom of the mixing and crushing support disc (32) with mixing rod limiting nuts (330).
5. A hydroseeding machine for the remediation of loess-like saline soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main support plate (11) is provided with a soil cutting mechanism (40). The soil cutting mechanism (40) includes a plurality of soil cutting receiving cylinders (41) fixed on the main support plate (11) with their openings facing downwards. A cutting support column (411) is slidably connected inside the soil cutting receiving cylinder (41). A soil cutting plate (42) is fixed at the lower end of the cutting support column (411). The soil cutting container (41) is equipped with a lifting and adjusting drive rod (412) for driving the cutting support column (411) to move.